CN112785819A - High-pressure hydrogen equipment leakage alarm protection system and alarm protection method - Google Patents
High-pressure hydrogen equipment leakage alarm protection system and alarm protection method Download PDFInfo
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- CN112785819A CN112785819A CN201911077870.8A CN201911077870A CN112785819A CN 112785819 A CN112785819 A CN 112785819A CN 201911077870 A CN201911077870 A CN 201911077870A CN 112785819 A CN112785819 A CN 112785819A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
- G08B21/00—Alarms responsive to a single specified undesired or abnormal condition and not otherwise provided for
- G08B21/02—Alarms for ensuring the safety of persons
- G08B21/12—Alarms for ensuring the safety of persons responsive to undesired emission of substances, e.g. pollution alarms
- G08B21/16—Combustible gas alarms
Abstract
The invention discloses a leakage alarm protection system of high-pressure hydrogen equipment, which comprises: the shell is covered outside the high-pressure hydrogen equipment, and the high-pressure hydrogen equipment is communicated with the external environment through an inlet and outlet pipeline; a plurality of hydrogen concentration detectors provided inside the casing, the plurality of hydrogen concentration detectors being provided at different positions inside the casing; and the PLC controller is in communication connection with the hydrogen concentration detectors, and triggers a primary interlock alarm action when at least one of the hydrogen concentration values detected by the hydrogen concentration detectors is greater than or equal to a first threshold value. The invention also discloses a leakage alarm protection method for the high-pressure hydrogen equipment. According to the invention, the shell is arranged outside the high-pressure hydrogen equipment, and the leakage accidents of the high-pressure hydrogen equipment can be rapidly found through the hydrogen concentration detectors with different heights, and the faults can be timely relieved or eliminated through the interlocking alarm action, so that the occurrence of serious safety accidents is avoided.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of safety guarantee of high-pressure hydrogen equipment, in particular to a leakage alarm protection system and an alarm protection method of the high-pressure hydrogen equipment.
Background
Fossil energy (coal, oil, natural gas) is a typical primary energy source and is not renewable. With the increasing awareness of environmental protection worldwide, the environmental pollution caused by coal and petroleum in the use process is increasingly strictly limited. As a green energy source in the twenty-first century, hydrogen energy has numerous advantages, such as diversification of production methods, such as electrolysis of water, photolysis of water, and by-product hydrogen production in chemical plants; only water is generated after combustion, and no secondary pollution is caused; the storage mode is more, and the low-temperature liquid hydrogen storage and the high-pressure gaseous storage can be realized; is a recyclable energy source. In view of the advantages of hydrogen energy, the hot tide of hydrogen energy research and application is raised worldwide, and the rapid development and application of the hydrogen energy industry are accelerated.
The great advantage of hydrogen energy in the transportation field is increasingly shown, hydrogen energy automobiles represented by domestic hydrogen fuel cell automobiles 'Mirai' produced by Toyota begin to be publicly sold in Japan, America and Europe, and the zero emission of the hydrogen fuel cell automobiles in the transportation field is realized. The construction and layout of the hydrogen station are matched with a hydrogen fuel cell automobile.
In the civil process of hydrogen energy, the safety guarantee problem is one of the core influencing factors. The hydrogen has density little, colorless tasteless, flame characteristics such as colorless, diffusion rate are fast in the combustion process, are difficult to carry out the perception through human organ when taking place to leak, must carry out analysis and detection through relevant instrument, and combustion range (4 ~ 75 vol.%) and detonation limit (18 ~ 59 vol.%) are wide simultaneously, and have the hydrogen embrittlement scheduling problem, have also aggravated the safety risk in the hydrogen energy use.
However, in the prior art, due to the lack of effective hydrogen leakage detection and safety control measures of high-pressure hydrogen equipment in the operation process, various potential safety hazards such as hydrogen combustion, explosion, detonation and the like can be caused. After the high-pressure hydrogen storage and transportation equipment leaks, the high pressure inside the equipment is high, and the high-pressure hydrogen storage and transportation equipment leaks to form jet flow. The leakage position is different, and the dangerous area diffusion and the transmission in the jet flow direction are different. This causes problems such as delay in detection of a leak accident of the high-pressure hydrogen plant, difficulty in determining a leak position, and the like, and affects production efficiency.
The information disclosed in this background section is only for enhancement of understanding of the general background of the invention and should not be taken as an acknowledgement or any form of suggestion that this information forms the prior art already known to a person skilled in the art.
Disclosure of Invention
One of the objectives of the present invention is to provide an alarm protection system and an alarm protection method for leakage of high-pressure hydrogen equipment, so as to improve the detection alarm efficiency and sensitivity of leakage of high-pressure hydrogen equipment.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a leakage alarm protection system and an alarm protection method for a high pressure hydrogen plant, which enable an operator to more easily identify the location of the high pressure hydrogen plant where leakage occurs.
The invention also aims to provide a leakage alarm protection system and an alarm protection method for high-pressure hydrogen equipment, which can alarm and protect the high-pressure hydrogen equipment in a grading manner.
To achieve the above object, according to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a leakage alarm protection system for a high pressure hydrogen gas apparatus, comprising: the shell is covered outside the high-pressure hydrogen equipment, and the high-pressure hydrogen equipment is communicated with the external environment through an inlet and outlet pipeline; a plurality of hydrogen concentration detectors provided inside the casing, the plurality of hydrogen concentration detectors being provided at different positions inside the casing; and the PLC is in communication connection with the hydrogen concentration detectors and is provided with a first threshold, wherein when at least one of the hydrogen concentration values detected by the hydrogen concentration detectors is greater than or equal to the first threshold, the PLC triggers a primary interlocking alarm action.
Furthermore, in the above technical solution, the number of the plurality of hydrogen concentration detectors is three, one of the hydrogen concentration detectors is located at the top of the housing, and the other two hydrogen concentration detectors are respectively located on the opposite side walls of the housing and are not lower than the inlet and outlet lines of the high pressure hydrogen device.
Further, in the above technical solution, the number of the plurality of hydrogen concentration detectors is two, and the two hydrogen concentration detectors are respectively located above and below the high pressure hydrogen device.
Further, in the above technical scheme, the PLC controller is provided with a second threshold value, the second threshold value is greater than the first threshold value, and when at least one of the hydrogen concentration values detected by the plurality of hydrogen concentration detectors is greater than or equal to the second threshold value, the PLC controller triggers a secondary interlock alarm action.
Further, in the above technical solution, the first-stage interlock alarm action includes sending an audible and visual signal; the second-level interlocking alarm action comprises sending an acousto-optic signal and closing an emergency cut-off valve of the high-pressure hydrogen equipment.
Further, in the above technical solution, the first-stage interlock alarm further includes sending a position signal, where the position signal is position information of the hydrogen concentration detector, where the detected hydrogen concentration value is greater than or equal to the first threshold value.
Further, among the above-mentioned technical scheme, the casing is equipped with breather, and the one-level interlock alarm action still includes opens breather.
Furthermore, in the above technical scheme, the corners and the joints of the shell are both in arc transition.
Further, in the above technical solution, the first threshold is 0.4 to 0.5 vol%; the second threshold is 1.5-1.6 vol%.
Further, in the above technical solution, the first threshold is 0.4 vol%; the second threshold value is 1.6 vol%.
Further, in the above technical scheme, the high-pressure hydrogen equipment is a high-pressure hydrogen storage tank and/or a hydrogen compressor.
According to a second aspect of the present invention, the present invention provides a leakage alarm protection method for a high pressure hydrogen device, the method employs a leakage alarm protection system for a high pressure hydrogen device according to any one of the above technical solutions, the method at least includes the following steps: setting operation parameters of a PLC controller, wherein the operation parameters comprise a first threshold value and a primary interlocking alarm action; collecting hydrogen concentration values at different heights in the shell; comparing the hydrogen concentration value with a first threshold value; and triggering a primary chain alarm action according to the comparison result.
Further, in the above technical solution, the operation parameters further include a second threshold and a second-level interlock alarm action.
Further, in the above technical solution, the first-stage interlock alarm action and the second-stage interlock alarm action include sending an acousto-optic signal to the central control room, the acousto-optic signal having a manual turn-off mode and/or an automatic turn-off mode; the secondary interlocking alarm action comprises closing an emergency cut-off valve of the high-pressure hydrogen device.
Further, in the above technical scheme, the primary interlock alarm further comprises turning on the ventilation device.
Further, in the above technical solution, the method for alarming and protecting leakage of high pressure hydrogen equipment further comprises the following steps: and stopping the primary chain alarm action when the hydrogen concentration value is smaller than the first threshold value.
Further, in the above technical solution, the method for alarming and protecting leakage of high pressure hydrogen equipment further comprises the following steps: and when the hydrogen concentration value is smaller than a first threshold value, manually opening the emergency stop valve.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. through setting up the casing in high-pressure hydrogen equipment outside to through the hydrogen concentration detector of different positions, can discover high-pressure hydrogen equipment's leakage accident fast, and in time alleviate or the troubleshooting through chain alarm action, avoid taking place serious incident.
2. The difference in hydrogen concentration detected by the respective hydrogen concentration detectors provides an aid in analyzing the leak location of the high-pressure hydrogen plant.
3. The hydrogen concentration detector is arranged on the side above the high-pressure hydrogen equipment, so that the upward diffusion trend of hydrogen is considered, the characteristic that a pipeline of the high-pressure hydrogen equipment is easy to leak is considered, and the leakage of the high-pressure hydrogen equipment at each position can be timely detected and the interlocking alarm is triggered.
4. Set up breather, form chain protection in the lower condition of alarm level, it is even to make the hydrogen concentration in the casing through the air current disturbance, avoids local hydrogen concentration to gather and causes the incident.
5. The partial hydrogen accumulation in the shell is further avoided through the arc transition design of the corners and the joints of the shell.
6. By setting different threshold values and corresponding hierarchical chain protection, unnecessary shutdown is avoided, and production efficiency is influenced.
The foregoing description is only an overview of the technical solutions of the present invention, and in order to make the technical means of the present invention more clearly understood and to make the technical means implementable in accordance with the contents of the description, and to make the above and other objects, technical features, and advantages of the present invention more comprehensible, one or more preferred embodiments are described below in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a high pressure hydrogen plant leak alarm protection system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a high pressure hydrogen plant leak alarm protection system according to another embodiment of the present invention.
Description of the main reference numerals:
10-a high-pressure hydrogen storage tank, 20-a shell, 21-a first hydrogen concentration detector, 22-a second hydrogen concentration detector, 23-a ventilation device, 24-a third hydrogen concentration detector, 25-a fourth hydrogen concentration detector and 26-a fifth hydrogen concentration detector.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of the present invention is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but it should be understood that the scope of the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments.
Throughout the specification and claims, unless explicitly stated otherwise, the word "comprise", or variations such as "comprises" or "comprising", will be understood to imply the inclusion of a stated element or component but not the exclusion of any other element or component.
Spatially relative terms, such as "below," "lower," "upper," "above," "upper," and the like, may be used herein for ease of description to describe one element or feature's relationship to another element or feature in the figures. It will be understood that the spatially relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations of the object in use or operation in addition to the orientation depicted in the figures. For example, if the items in the figures are turned over, elements described as "below" or "beneath" other elements or features would then be oriented "above" the elements or features. Thus, the exemplary term "below" can encompass both an orientation of below and above. The article may be otherwise oriented (rotated 90 degrees or at other orientations) and the spatially relative terms used herein should be interpreted accordingly.
In this document, the terms "first", "second", etc. are used to distinguish two different elements or portions, and are not used to define a particular position or relative relationship. In other words, the terms "first," "second," and the like may also be interchanged with one another in some embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, a leakage alarm protection system for a high-pressure hydrogen plant according to an embodiment of the present invention, wherein the high-pressure hydrogen plant is illustratively a high-pressure hydrogen tank 10. It should be understood that the present invention is not limited thereto, and in other embodiments, the high pressure hydrogen device may also be a hydrogen compressor, a hydrogen discharging column, a hydrogen buffer tank, a high pressure hydrogen logic control panel, etc., or a combination of multiple devices, for example, the high pressure hydrogen device is a high pressure hydrogen storage tank and a hydrogen compressor. The commercially available high-pressure hydrogen equipment which is qualified through relevant inspection and detection is the prevention and control object of the invention, and the invention does not carry out any process or technical modification on the equipment, and is not described herein any more. The leakage alarm protection system for high-pressure hydrogen equipment comprises a housing 20 covering the outside of a high-pressure hydrogen storage tank 10, wherein the high-pressure hydrogen storage tank 10 is communicated with the external environment through an inlet and outlet pipeline (not shown in the figure). The shell 20 is additionally arranged outside the existing high-pressure hydrogen equipment to form a sealed cavity, when the high-pressure hydrogen equipment leaks, the sealed cavity can collect the leaked hydrogen, so that underestimation of hydrogen concentration caused by high hydrogen diffusion speed is avoided, and alarm is not timely enough; meanwhile, the whole high-pressure hydrogen equipment in the shell is comprehensively monitored, the number of detectors is reduced, and the protection cost is reduced. Aiming at the characteristics of jet flow when high-pressure hydrogen leaks, a plurality of hydrogen concentration detectors are arranged inside the shell 20, and the positions of the hydrogen concentration detectors in the shell 20 are different. The leakage alarm protection system for high-pressure hydrogen equipment of the present invention is provided with a PLC controller (not shown in the figure) which is in communication connection with the first hydrogen concentration detector 21 and the second hydrogen concentration detector 22. The PLC controller is configured to trigger a chain alarm action based on the hydrogen concentration within the housing 20. According to the volume of the sealed cavity formed by the shell 20, the type of the high-pressure hydrogen equipment and the like, a first threshold value of hydrogen concentration can be preset by the PLC, and when at least one of the hydrogen concentration values detected by the hydrogen concentration detectors is larger than or equal to the first threshold value, the PLC triggers a first-level interlocking alarm action.
Preferably, but not limitatively, in one or more exemplary embodiments of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1, the number of the plurality of hydrogen concentration detectors may be three, that is, the third hydrogen concentration detector 24 is located above the high-pressure hydrogen storage tank 10 at the top of the housing, and the fourth hydrogen concentration detector 25 and the fifth hydrogen concentration detector 26 are respectively provided on the side wall of the housing, adjacent to the side of the horizontal position of the inlet and outlet line of the high-pressure hydrogen storage tank 10. The fourth hydrogen concentration detector 25 and the fifth hydrogen concentration detector 26 are located higher than the in-out line in consideration of the tendency of hydrogen gas to diffuse upward. The hydrogen concentration detectors with different positions can ensure that the leakage of each position of the high-pressure hydrogen equipment can be detected in time, and particularly, when the hydrogen leakage occurs in the pipeline of the high-pressure hydrogen storage tank 10, the diffusion danger area is concentrated on the side surface.
Preferably, but not restrictively, in one or more exemplary embodiments of the present invention, as shown in fig. 2, the number of the plurality of hydrogen concentration detectors may be two, i.e., a first hydrogen concentration detector 21 and a second hydrogen concentration detector 22, which are located above and below the high-pressure hydrogen storage tank 10, respectively. The hydrogen concentration detector with different positions can ensure that the leakage of each position of the high-pressure hydrogen equipment can be detected in time, and particularly when the hydrogen leakage occurs at the lower side of the high-pressure hydrogen storage tank 10, the diffusion danger area of the high-pressure hydrogen storage tank is influenced by the high-pressure hydrogen storage tank 10 and is concentrated on the low-altitude ground.
Further, in one or more exemplary embodiments of the present invention, the PLC controller may further preset a second threshold value of the hydrogen concentration, the second threshold value being greater than the first threshold value, and the PLC controller triggers the second-order interlock alarm action when at least one of the hydrogen concentration values detected by the plurality of hydrogen concentration detectors is greater than or equal to the second threshold value. The lower hydrogen burn limit is 4.0 vol%, which can be abbreviated as 100% LEL, and illustratively the first threshold is 0.4 vol% (10% LEL); the second threshold was 1.6 vol% (40% LEL). The skilled person can select a specific threshold according to the actual situation, and the present invention is not limited to the setting of the above threshold.
Further, in one or more exemplary embodiments of the invention, the primary interlock warning action includes sending an audible and visual signal; the secondary interlocking alarm action includes sending an audible and visual signal and closing the emergency cut-off valve of the high-pressure hydrogen storage tank 10. It should be understood that, the chain alarm actions at all levels can be selected according to actual needs, and are not limited by the present invention, and the levels of the chain alarm can be set more, so as to alarm in a grading manner and take different chain measures.
Further, in one or more exemplary embodiments of the present invention, the primary interlock warning action further includes transmitting a position signal, which is information on a position of the hydrogen concentration detector where the detected hydrogen concentration value is greater than or equal to the first threshold value. An operator can assist in judging the position of hydrogen leakage according to the position of the hydrogen concentration detector triggering the chain alarm.
Further, in one or more exemplary embodiments of the present invention, the housing 20 is provided with a ventilation device 23, and the one-stage interlock alarm further comprises turning on the ventilation device 23. After the hydrogen of low concentration triggers the chain warning of one-level, chain execution breather makes the hydrogen concentration in the casing 20 even through the air current disturbance, avoids local hydrogen concentration too high.
Preferably, but not by way of limitation, in one or more exemplary embodiments of the invention, the corners and junctions of the housing 20 are rounded to avoid accumulation of leaking hydrogen gas at such locations. For example, the casing 20 may be made of carbon steel, aluminum alloy, or the like, which is not limited in the present invention.
According to the leakage alarm protection method of the high-pressure hydrogen equipment, the method adopts the leakage alarm protection system of the high-pressure hydrogen equipment in any one of the technical schemes, and the method at least comprises the following steps: setting operation parameters of a PLC controller, wherein the operation parameters comprise a first threshold value and a primary interlocking alarm action; collecting hydrogen concentration values at different heights in the shell; comparing the hydrogen concentration value with a first threshold value; and triggering a primary chain alarm action according to the comparison result.
Further, in one or more exemplary embodiments of the invention, the operating parameters further include a second threshold value and a second level interlock warning action.
Further, in one or more exemplary embodiments of the present invention, the primary interlock warning action and the secondary interlock warning action include sending an audible and visual signal to the central control room, the audible and visual signal being provided with a manual shutdown mode and/or an automatic shutdown mode; the secondary interlocking alarm action comprises closing an emergency cut-off valve of the high-pressure hydrogen device. The acousto-optic signal is sent to the central control room, so that the staff can find and take corresponding measures in time, and can select to manually turn off acousto-optic alarm after the staff knows the alarm signal or get rid of the fault.
Further, in one or more exemplary embodiments of the invention, the primary interlock alarm further comprises turning on the ventilation device. Illustratively, the ventilation rate of the ventilation device can be set according to needs, for example, when a level of chain alarm is carried out, the ventilation rate is adjusted to be 20-30 times/hour.
Further, in one or more exemplary embodiments of the present invention, the high pressure hydrogen plant leakage alarm protection method further includes the steps of: and stopping the primary chain alarm action when the hydrogen concentration value is smaller than the first threshold value. When the hydrogen concentration value returns to normal, the alarm can be automatically released, and the working efficiency is ensured.
Further, in one or more exemplary embodiments of the present invention, the high pressure hydrogen plant leakage alarm protection method further includes the steps of: and when the hydrogen concentration value is smaller than a first threshold value, manually opening the emergency stop valve. The emergency cut-off valve can be automatically controlled or manually controlled, and a worker can manually open the emergency cut-off valve after confirming that the fault is eliminated, so that the normal work of the equipment is recovered.
The leakage alarm protection system and the alarm protection method for the high-pressure hydrogen equipment can be suitable for a high-pressure hydrogen storage tank, a hydrogen compressor and the like, and can also be used for combining various high-pressure hydrogen equipment. The present invention will be described more specifically with reference to the following examples, but it should be understood that the present invention is not limited thereto.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1, in the high-pressure hydrogen equipment leakage alarm protection system of the present embodiment, the protection object is a high-pressure hydrogen storage tank. The water capacity of the high-pressure hydrogen storage tank 10 is 1.5m3Pressure 42MPa, and volume of the shell 20 is 4.5m3. In this embodiment, three hydrogen concentration detectors are provided, a third hydrogen concentration detector 24 is provided above the high-pressure hydrogen storage tank 10 and at the top of the housing 20, and a fourth hydrogen concentration detector 25 and a fifth hydrogen concentration detector 26 are provided on the side wall of the housing 20 at positions close to the inlet and outlet lines of the high-pressure hydrogen storage tank 10, respectively. The air interchanger 23 is arranged at the center of the top of the shell 20, and the air interchanging speed is adjustable between 5 and 35 times/hour. The PLC controller presets a first threshold value of 0.4 vol% and a second threshold value of 1.6 vol%. The first-level linkage alarm action comprises sending an acousto-optic signal and starting the air interchanger 23; the secondary interlocking alarm action comprises sending an acousto-optic signal and closing the high-pressure hydrogen storage tankA snap-off valve. The hydrogen concentration detector that this embodiment was through setting up different positions, both considered hydrogen upwards diffusion trend, considered the easy characteristics that take place to leak of high pressure hydrogen equipment pipeline again, can discover the leakage accident of high pressure hydrogen equipment fast to in time alleviate or troubleshooting through chain alarm action, avoid taking place serious incident.
Example 2
Referring to fig. 1, a ventilation device is not provided. In the leakage alarm protection system for high-pressure hydrogen equipment of the embodiment, the protection object is a high-pressure hydrogen storage tank. The volume of the high-pressure hydrogen storage tank is 1m3The pressure is 42MPa, and the volume of the shell is 3.5m3. In this embodiment, three hydrogen concentration detectors are provided, a third hydrogen concentration detector 24 is provided above the high-pressure hydrogen storage tank 10 and at the top of the housing 20, and a fourth hydrogen concentration detector 25 and a fifth hydrogen concentration detector 26 are provided on the side wall of the housing 20 at positions close to the inlet and outlet lines of the high-pressure hydrogen storage tank 10, respectively. The PLC controller presets a first threshold value of 0.4 vol%, a second threshold value of 1.0 vol% and a third threshold value of 1.6 vol%. The first-level interlocking alarm action and the second-level interlocking alarm action comprise sending of acousto-optic signals, and the third-level interlocking alarm action comprises closing of an emergency cut-off valve of the high-pressure hydrogen storage tank. In this embodiment, a ventilation device is not provided, and the interlock alarm operation is different from that in embodiment 1. The present embodiment can quickly find a leak accident of the high-pressure hydrogen plant, and the difference in hydrogen concentration detected by the respective hydrogen concentration detectors can provide assistance in analyzing the location of the leak.
Example 3
Referring to fig. 1, in the high-pressure hydrogen equipment leakage alarm protection system of the present embodiment, the protection object is a high-pressure hydrogen storage tank. The volume of the high-pressure hydrogen storage tank is 2m3The pressure is 42MPa, and the volume of the shell is 7.5m3. In this embodiment, three hydrogen concentration detectors are provided, a third hydrogen concentration detector 24 is provided above the high-pressure hydrogen storage tank 10 and at the top of the housing 20, and a fourth hydrogen concentration detector 25 and a fifth hydrogen concentration detector 26 are provided on the side wall of the housing 20 at positions close to the inlet and outlet lines of the high-pressure hydrogen storage tank 10, respectively. The air interchanger is arranged at the top of the shell and has air interchanging speedThe rate is adjustable between 5 and 35 times per hour. The PLC controller presets a first threshold value of 0.4 vol%, a second threshold value of 1.0 vol% and a third threshold value of 1.6 vol%. The first-level linkage alarm action comprises sending an acousto-optic signal, starting the ventilation device and adjusting the ventilation rate of the ventilation device to be not less than 20 times/hour; the secondary linkage alarm action comprises sending an acousto-optic signal and adjusting the ventilation rate of the ventilation device to be not less than 30 times/hour; the three-level interlocking alarm action comprises closing an emergency cut-off valve of the high-pressure hydrogen storage tank. The three-level chain alarm action is set in the embodiment, so that the alarm is more accurate.
Example 4
In the leakage alarm protection system for high-pressure hydrogen equipment of the embodiment, the protected objects are two high-pressure hydrogen compressors, and the volume of each high-pressure hydrogen compressor is 2m3Exhaust pressure 45MPa, and volume of the casing 20 is 7m3. The embodiment is provided with three hydrogen concentration detectors, wherein one hydrogen concentration detector is arranged at the top of the shell, and the other two hydrogen concentration detectors are respectively arranged at the positions close to the inlet and outlet pipelines of the two high-pressure hydrogen compressors and on the side wall of the shell. The PLC controller presets a first threshold value of 0.4 vol% and a second threshold value of 1.6 vol%. The first-level linkage alarm action comprises sending an acousto-optic signal and starting the ventilation device; the second-level interlock alarm action comprises sending an acousto-optic signal and closing an emergency shut-off valve of the hydrogen compressor. The protection object of the embodiment is a high-pressure hydrogen compressor, and the detection and alarm effects are similar to those of the embodiment 1.
Example 5
Referring to fig. 2, in the high-pressure hydrogen equipment leakage alarm protection system of the present embodiment, the protection object is a high-pressure hydrogen storage tank. The water capacity of the high-pressure hydrogen storage tank 10 is 1.5m3Pressure 42MPa, and volume of the shell 20 is 4.5m3. The first hydrogen concentration detector 21 is disposed below the high-pressure hydrogen storage tank 10 and at the bottom of the housing 20; the second hydrogen concentration detector 22 is disposed above the high-pressure hydrogen storage tank 10 and on the top of the housing 20, and the two hydrogen concentration detectors are vertically staggered. The air interchanger 23 is arranged at the center of the top of the shell 20, and the air interchanging speed is adjustable between 5 and 35 times/hour. The PLC controller presets a first threshold value of 0.4 vol% and a second threshold valueThe value was 1.6 vol%. The first-level linkage alarm action comprises sending an acousto-optic signal and starting the air interchanger 23; the second-level interlocking alarm action comprises sending an acousto-optic signal and closing an emergency cut-off valve of the high-pressure hydrogen storage tank. The hydrogen concentration detector of this embodiment through setting up different positions, both considered hydrogen upwards diffusion trend, considered the diffusion trend characteristics of bottom leakage again, ensure that high-pressure hydrogen equipment leaks and can both in time be detected and trigger chain warning in each position.
The foregoing descriptions of specific exemplary embodiments of the present invention have been presented for purposes of illustration and description. It is not intended to limit the invention to the precise form disclosed, and obviously many modifications and variations are possible in light of the above teaching. The exemplary embodiments were chosen and described in order to explain certain principles of the invention and its practical application to enable one skilled in the art to make and use various exemplary embodiments of the invention and various alternatives and modifications as are suited to the particular use contemplated. Any simple modifications, equivalent changes and modifications made to the above exemplary embodiments shall fall within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (16)
1. A high pressure hydrogen equipment leakage alarm protection system characterized by that includes:
the high-pressure hydrogen equipment is communicated with the external environment through an inlet and outlet pipeline;
a plurality of hydrogen concentration detectors provided inside the housing, the plurality of hydrogen concentration detectors being provided at different positions within the housing; and
a PLC controller in communication with the plurality of hydrogen concentration detectors, the PLC controller having a first threshold,
when at least one of the hydrogen concentration values detected by the hydrogen concentration detectors is greater than or equal to the first threshold value, the PLC triggers a primary interlock alarm action.
2. The high pressure hydrogen plant leak alarm protection system of claim 1, wherein the number of the plurality of hydrogen concentration detectors is three, one of the hydrogen concentration detectors is located at the top of the housing, and the other two hydrogen concentration detectors are located on the opposite side walls of the housing and are not lower than the inlet and outlet lines of the high pressure hydrogen plant.
3. The high pressure hydrogen plant leak alarm protection system according to claim 1, wherein the number of the plurality of hydrogen concentration detectors is two, and the two hydrogen concentration detectors are located above and below the high pressure hydrogen plant, respectively.
4. The high pressure hydrogen plant leak alarm protection system of claim 1, wherein the PLC controller is provided with a second threshold value, the second threshold value being greater than the first threshold value, and wherein the PLC controller triggers a second-order interlock alarm action when at least one of the hydrogen concentration values detected by the plurality of hydrogen concentration detectors is greater than or equal to the second threshold value.
5. The high pressure hydrogen plant leak alarm protection system of claim 4, wherein the primary interlock alarm action comprises sending an audible and visual signal; and the secondary interlocking alarm action comprises sending an acousto-optic signal and closing an emergency cut-off valve of the high-pressure hydrogen equipment.
6. The high pressure hydrogen plant leak alarm protection system of claim 5, wherein the primary interlock alarm action further comprises sending a position signal indicating the position of the hydrogen concentration detector at which the detected hydrogen concentration value is greater than or equal to the first threshold value.
7. The high pressure hydrogen plant leak alarm protection system of claim 4, wherein the housing is provided with a breather, the primary interlock alarm action further comprising turning on the breather.
8. The high pressure hydrogen device leakage alarm protection system of claim 7, wherein the corners and junctions of the shell are rounded transitions.
9. The high pressure hydrogen plant leakage alarm protection system of claim 4, wherein the first threshold is 0.4-0.5 vol%; the second threshold value is 1.5-1.6 vol%.
10. The high pressure hydrogen plant leak alarm protection system of claim 1, wherein the high pressure hydrogen plant is a high pressure hydrogen tank and/or a hydrogen compressor.
11. A method for alarming and protecting leakage of high-pressure hydrogen equipment, which is characterized by adopting the system for alarming and protecting leakage of high-pressure hydrogen equipment as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 10, and at least comprises the following steps:
setting operation parameters of a PLC controller, wherein the operation parameters comprise a first threshold value and a primary interlocking alarm action;
collecting hydrogen concentration values at different heights in the shell;
comparing the hydrogen concentration value to the first threshold value; and
and triggering the primary chain alarm action according to the comparison result.
12. The high pressure hydrogen plant leak alarm protection method of claim 11, wherein the operating parameters further include a second threshold and a second level interlock alarm action.
13. The high pressure hydrogen plant leakage alarm protection method of claim 12, wherein the primary interlock alarm action and the secondary interlock alarm action include sending an audible and visual signal to a central control room, the audible and visual signal being provided with a manual shut down mode and/or an automatic shut down mode; the second-level interlocking alarm action comprises closing an emergency cut-off valve of the high-pressure hydrogen device.
14. The high pressure hydrogen plant leak alarm protection method of claim 13, wherein the primary interlock alarm action further comprises turning on a breather.
15. The high pressure hydrogen plant leak alarm protection method of claim 14, further comprising the steps of:
and stopping the primary chain alarm action when the hydrogen concentration value is smaller than the first threshold value.
16. The high pressure hydrogen plant leak alarm protection method of claim 13, further comprising the steps of:
and when the hydrogen concentration value is smaller than the first threshold value, manually opening the emergency stop valve.
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