CN112782727A - Station distribution design method based on observation weak area compensation - Google Patents

Station distribution design method based on observation weak area compensation Download PDF

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CN112782727A
CN112782727A CN202011312716.7A CN202011312716A CN112782727A CN 112782727 A CN112782727 A CN 112782727A CN 202011312716 A CN202011312716 A CN 202011312716A CN 112782727 A CN112782727 A CN 112782727A
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observation
station
weak area
projection point
point
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CN112782727B (en
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徐彬
冯杰
吴健
朱庆林
李辉
马征征
张雅彬
刘瑶
梁勇敢
李海英
李统乐
任亚丽
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China Institute of Radio Wave Propagation CETC 22 Research Institute
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S19/00—Satellite radio beacon positioning systems; Determining position, velocity or attitude using signals transmitted by such systems
    • G01S19/01—Satellite radio beacon positioning systems transmitting time-stamped messages, e.g. GPS [Global Positioning System], GLONASS [Global Orbiting Navigation Satellite System] or GALILEO
    • G01S19/13—Receivers
    • G01S19/20—Integrity monitoring, fault detection or fault isolation of space segment
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S19/00—Satellite radio beacon positioning systems; Determining position, velocity or attitude using signals transmitted by such systems
    • G01S19/01—Satellite radio beacon positioning systems transmitting time-stamped messages, e.g. GPS [Global Positioning System], GLONASS [Global Orbiting Navigation Satellite System] or GALILEO
    • G01S19/03—Cooperating elements; Interaction or communication between different cooperating elements or between cooperating elements and receivers
    • G01S19/07—Cooperating elements; Interaction or communication between different cooperating elements or between cooperating elements and receivers providing data for correcting measured positioning data, e.g. DGPS [differential GPS] or ionosphere corrections
    • G01S19/072—Ionosphere corrections
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S19/00—Satellite radio beacon positioning systems; Determining position, velocity or attitude using signals transmitted by such systems
    • G01S19/01—Satellite radio beacon positioning systems transmitting time-stamped messages, e.g. GPS [Global Positioning System], GLONASS [Global Orbiting Navigation Satellite System] or GALILEO
    • G01S19/13—Receivers
    • G01S19/14—Receivers specially adapted for specific applications
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S19/00—Satellite radio beacon positioning systems; Determining position, velocity or attitude using signals transmitted by such systems
    • G01S19/01—Satellite radio beacon positioning systems transmitting time-stamped messages, e.g. GPS [Global Positioning System], GLONASS [Global Orbiting Navigation Satellite System] or GALILEO
    • G01S19/13—Receivers
    • G01S19/21—Interference related issues ; Issues related to cross-correlation, spoofing or other methods of denial of service

Abstract

The invention discloses a station arrangement design method based on observation weak area compensation, which comprises the following steps: step 1, evaluating the observation capability of the existing station network: and 2, observing weak area selection: step 3, projection point calculation and spatial distribution probability statistics: step 4, supplementary observation site selection: and 5, calculating the observation capability after compensation and determining the newly added station address. The method disclosed by the invention can obtain the position of a quantitative optimized newly-added station based on the probability statistical analysis of the observation weak area projection, and has important significance for ionosphere foundation monitoring network planning. The method can also be used for quantitative evaluation of the observation capability of the existing station network, and has important significance for more accurately mastering the monitoring capability of the existing observation system.

Description

Station distribution design method based on observation weak area compensation
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of ionosphere detection, and particularly relates to a station arrangement design method based on observation weak area compensation in the field.
Background
The GNSS ground measurement has become one of the most important technical means for ionospheric environment monitoring due to its advantages of low cost, wide distribution, small occupied space, high measurement accuracy, and the like. In China, a GNSS diagnostic system is already deployed in a radio wave environment observation station network, however, the GNSS diagnostic system is deployed mainly according to the existing station conditions when the system is deployed, and after the system is deployed to form an observation network, whether the station network layout is reasonable or not, whether the overall observation capability is in an optimized state or not, how to select observation stations is supplemented, and therefore the observation performance of the station network can be effectively improved, and a quantitative station deployment design method is not provided. Therefore, the evaluation of the observation capability of the existing observation station network is developed, and the quantitative station arrangement design is realized on the basis of the analysis of the weak observation area, so that the problem to be solved urgently in planning the station network is solved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a station arrangement design method based on observation weak area compensation.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the station distribution design method based on observation weak area compensation is improved by comprising the following steps of:
step 1, evaluating the observation capability of the existing station network:
calculating an ionosphere puncture point of a satellite-ground link connecting line of an observation station and a GNSS satellite based on the site position of the existing observation station, and obtaining the space coverage capability of station network ionosphere observation through statistics of the puncture point;
and 2, observing weak area selection:
searching points with observation times smaller than a threshold value in a station network observation capacity space distribution diagram as observation weak area positions;
step 3, projection point calculation and spatial distribution probability statistics:
calculating the position of a ground projection point of a GNSS satellite-observation weak area point connecting line, and counting the spatial distribution probability of the ground projection point to obtain a projection point probability spatial distribution map;
assume projected point position (x, y, z), satellite position (x)0,y0,z0) Observing the location of the weak area (x)1,y1,z1) Then, the position of the projection point satisfies the following spherical equation and linear equation at the same time:
Figure BDA0002790295280000011
wherein R is the distance between the projection point and the geocenter, y and z in the spherical equation are eliminated first, so that the first second formula and the first third formula of the linear equation are combined to obtain y, and z is:
Figure BDA0002790295280000021
Figure BDA0002790295280000022
order to
Figure BDA0002790295280000023
Then:
y＝k1(x-x0)+y0 (4)
z＝k2(x-x0)+z0 (5)
the spherical equations are:
x2+k1 2(x-x0)2+2y0k1(x-x0)+y0 2+k2 2(x-x0)2+2z0k2(x-x0)+z0 2-R2＝0 (6)
the polynomial decomposition can yield:
Figure BDA0002790295280000024
the same kind of items are combined to obtain:
Figure BDA0002790295280000025
therefore, the method comprises the following steps:
ax2+bx+c＝0 (9)
wherein:
Figure BDA0002790295280000026
if Δ ═ b24ac is greater than or equal to 0, then the quadratic equation has two solutions:
Figure BDA0002790295280000027
two points are respectively positioned at two sides of the earth, and the solving method needs to be full except for the criterion whether the connecting line of the satellite and the release disturbance area can be intersected with the earth surfaceFoot x ≠ x0When x is equal to x0The solution can be solved with y, in this case:
Figure BDA0002790295280000031
wherein:
Figure BDA0002790295280000032
Figure BDA0002790295280000033
Figure BDA0002790295280000034
and x, z can be expressed as:
x＝k1(y-y0)+x0 (16)
z＝k2(y-y0)+z0 (17)
for the same reason, x is0，y＝y0Then, z can be used to solve:
Figure BDA0002790295280000035
wherein:
Figure BDA0002790295280000036
Figure BDA0002790295280000037
Figure BDA0002790295280000038
and x, z can be expressed as:
y＝k1(z-z0)+y0 (22)
x＝k2(z-z0)+x0 (23)
the two cross points are obtained by taking a round off by using the following criteria:
Figure BDA0002790295280000041
d＝min(d1,d2) (25)
taking a satellite projection point which is closer to the position of the disturbance point;
step 4, supplementary observation site selection:
selecting a projection point dense area as a position for supplementing an observation station according to the projection point probability space distribution map;
step 5, calculating the observation capability after compensation and determining the newly added station address:
and calculating the observation capacity spatial distribution of the observation station network after the supplementary station, judging whether the observation weak area is effectively compensated or not, further determining the position of the supplementary observation station, and finishing the planning design of the station network.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the method disclosed by the invention can obtain the position of a quantitative optimized newly-added station based on the probability statistical analysis of the observation weak area projection, and has important significance for ionosphere foundation monitoring network planning. The method can also be used for quantitative evaluation of the observation capability of the existing station network, and has important significance for more accurately mastering the monitoring capability of the existing observation system.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of the method disclosed in example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a spatial distribution diagram of observation capability of a radio wave environment observation station network;
FIG. 3 is a diagram of a weak area observation map of a radio wave environment observation station network;
FIG. 4 is a probability distribution plot for a single moment proxel;
FIG. 5 is a 24 hour projected point probability distribution plot;
FIG. 6 is a graph of the number of added stations versus the number of threshold projection points;
fig. 7 is a graph showing the evaluation results of the observation ability after compensation.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
Embodiment 1, as shown in fig. 1, this embodiment discloses a station arrangement design method based on observation weak area compensation, including the following steps:
step 1, evaluating the observation capability of the existing station network:
the existing station network observation capability evaluation means that ionosphere puncture points of a connection line of an observation station and a GNSS satellite earth link are calculated based on the position of a station address of an existing observation station, and the space coverage capability of station network ionosphere observation is obtained through statistics of the puncture points;
in this embodiment, a radio wave environment observation station network is taken as an example for explanation, and fig. 2 shows a spatial distribution diagram of observation capability of a radio wave environment observation station network calculated according to the above method, which can reflect the evaluation result of the observation capability of the radio wave environment observation station network, where five stars are station site positions and gray scales are effective observation times.
And 2, observing weak area selection:
the observation weak area selection means that a point, of which the observation times are smaller than a threshold value, in a station network observation capacity space distribution diagram is searched to serve as an observation weak area position;
it is assumed that the observation ability of Hubei, Hunan, Guizhou and Guangxi province needs to be improved. The selection target area is:
latitude: 23-33 deg
Longitude: 106 DEG-116 DEG
If the threshold of the selected observation times is 1500 times, the weak area is observed as shown in fig. 3. The coordinates of the observation weak area are as follows:
25 108
24 109
25 109
26 109
27 109
29 109
29 110
28 111
29 111
30 111
31 111
27 112
28 112
29 112
30 112
31 112
26 113
27 113
28 113
30 113
31 113
30 114
32 114
32 115
step 3, projection point calculation and spatial distribution probability statistics:
the projection point calculation and spatial distribution probability statistics refer to calculating the position of a ground projection point of a GNSS satellite-observation weak area point connecting line, and carrying out statistics on the spatial distribution probability to obtain a projection point probability spatial distribution map;
assume projected point position (x, y, z), satellite position (x)0,y0,z0) Observing the location of the weak area (x)1,y1,z1) Then, the position of the projection point satisfies the following spherical equation and linear equation at the same time:
Figure BDA0002790295280000061
wherein R is the distance between the projection point and the geocenter, y and z in the spherical equation are eliminated first, so that the first second formula and the first third formula of the linear equation are combined to obtain y, and z is:
Figure BDA0002790295280000062
Figure BDA0002790295280000063
order to
Figure BDA0002790295280000064
Then:
y＝k1(x-x0)+y0 (4)
z＝k2(x-x0)+z0 (5)
the spherical equations are:
x2+k1 2(x-x0)2+2y0k1(x-x0)+y0 2+k2 2(x-x0)2+2z0k2(x-x0)+z0 2-R2＝0 (6)
the polynomial decomposition can yield:
Figure BDA0002790295280000065
the same kind of items are combined to obtain:
Figure BDA0002790295280000066
therefore, the method comprises the following steps:
ax2+bx+c＝0 (9)
wherein:
Figure BDA0002790295280000071
if Δ ═ b24ac is greater than or equal to 0, then the quadratic equation has two solutions:
Figure BDA0002790295280000072
two points are respectively positioned at two sides of the earth, and the solving method needs to meet the condition that x is not equal to x except the criterion that whether the connecting line of the satellite and the release disturbance area can intersect with the earth surface or not0When x is equal to x0The solution can be solved with y, in this case:
Figure BDA0002790295280000073
wherein:
Figure BDA0002790295280000074
Figure BDA0002790295280000075
Figure BDA0002790295280000076
and x, z can be expressed as:
x＝k1(y-y0)+x0 (16)
z＝k2(y-y0)+z0 (17)
for the same reason, x is0，y＝y0Then, z can be used to solve:
Figure BDA0002790295280000077
wherein:
Figure BDA0002790295280000081
Figure BDA0002790295280000082
Figure BDA0002790295280000083
and x, z can be expressed as:
y＝k1(z-z0)+y0 (22)
x＝k2(z-z0)+x0 (23)
the two cross points are obtained by taking a round off by using the following criteria:
Figure BDA0002790295280000084
d＝min(d1,d2) (25)
taking a satellite projection point which is closer to the position of the disturbance point;
the calculated probability distribution graph of the single-time projection point is shown in fig. 4, and the probability distribution graph of the 24-hour projection point is shown in fig. 5, where the dots are weak observation areas, and the gray level is the total number of the projection points, or the probability of the projection points. It can be seen from the figure that the positions of the observation weak area and the projection point are not coincident, that is, the position of the supplementary station cannot be directly selected according to the position of the observation weak area, and needs to be determined by a method based on probability calculation.
Step 4, supplementary observation site selection:
the supplementary observation station selection means that a dense projection point area is selected as the position of the supplementary observation station according to the projection point probability space distribution map;
the former steps give the probability distribution of the projection point number, and the region layout site with high probability can be selected from the probability distribution. To make the selection of the number of sites more reasonable, a histogram is drawn with the number of sites increasing as a function of the number of threshold projection points, as shown in fig. 6. It can be seen that there are two sites with an observation probability greater than 14 and 5 sites with an observation probability greater than 12. Taking into account the uniformity of the spatial distribution of these sites, the following two sites are chosen: site 1: (30 °, 113 °), station 2: (27 °, 111 °).
Step 5, calculating the observation capability after compensation and determining the newly added station address:
the observation capacity calculation after compensation and the new station address determination refer to calculating the observation capacity spatial distribution of the observation station network after the supplementary station, judging whether the observation weak area is effectively compensated or not, further determining the position of the supplementary observation station, and finishing the station network planning design.
The observation coverage area distribution of the station network is calculated after two observation stations are supplemented, the simulation result is shown in fig. 7, the observation capacity in the target area is remarkably improved, the average observation times of the target area are 4564 times after compensation, 1182 times before compensation, and the observation capacity is improved by nearly 286%. Thus, the observation weak area is effectively determined to be compensated, and a new observation station is added at the two positions.
In conclusion, the method can realize effective compensation of the observation capability defect of the existing observation station network through the steps of the existing station network observation capability evaluation, the observation weak area selection, the projection point calculation and the spatial distribution probability statistics, the supplement of the observation station selection, the observation capability calculation after compensation, the determination of the newly added station address and the like, and has important significance on the ionized layer foundation monitoring network planning design.

Claims (1)

1. A station arrangement design method based on observation weak area compensation is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, evaluating the observation capability of the existing station network:
calculating an ionosphere puncture point of a satellite-ground link connecting line of an observation station and a GNSS satellite based on the site position of the existing observation station, and obtaining the space coverage capability of station network ionosphere observation through statistics of the puncture point;
and 2, observing weak area selection:
searching points with observation times smaller than a threshold value in a station network observation capacity space distribution diagram as observation weak area positions;
step 3, projection point calculation and spatial distribution probability statistics:
calculating the position of a ground projection point of a GNSS satellite-observation weak area point connecting line, and counting the spatial distribution probability of the ground projection point to obtain a projection point probability spatial distribution map;
assume projected point position (x, y, z), satellite position (x)0,y0,z0) Observing the location of the weak area (x)1,y1,z1) Then, the position of the projection point satisfies the following spherical equation and linear equation at the same time:
Figure FDA0002790295270000011
wherein R is the distance between the projection point and the geocenter, y and z in the spherical equation are eliminated first, so that the first second formula and the first third formula of the linear equation are combined to obtain y, and z is:
Figure FDA0002790295270000012
Figure FDA0002790295270000013
order to
Figure FDA0002790295270000014
Then:
y＝k1(x-x0)+y0 (4)
z＝k2(x-x0)+z0 (5)
the spherical equations are:
x2+k1 2(x-x0)2+2y0k1(x-x0)+y0 2+k2 2(x-x0)2+2z0k2(x-x0)+z0 2-R2＝0 (6)
the polynomial decomposition can yield:
Figure FDA0002790295270000015
the same kind of items are combined to obtain:
Figure FDA0002790295270000021
therefore, the method comprises the following steps:
ax2+bx+c＝0 (9)
wherein:
a＝1+k1 2+k2 2
b＝-2k1 2x0-2k2 2x0+2y0k1+2z0k2 (10)
c＝k1 2x0 2-2y0k1x0+y0 2+k2 2x0 2-2z0k2x0+z0 2-R2
if Δ ═ b24ac is greater than or equal to 0, then the quadratic equation has two solutions:
Figure FDA0002790295270000022
two points are respectively positioned at two sides of the earth, and the solving method needs to meet the condition that x is not equal to x except the criterion that whether the connecting line of the satellite and the release disturbance area can intersect with the earth surface or not0When x is equal to x0The solution can be solved with y, in this case:
Figure FDA0002790295270000023
wherein:
a＝1+k1 2+k2 2
b＝-2k1 2y0-2k2 2y0+2x0k1+2z0k2 (13)
c＝k1 2y0 2-2x0k1y0+x0 2+k2 2y0 2-2z0k2y0+z0 2-R2
Figure FDA0002790295270000024
Figure FDA0002790295270000025
and x, z can be expressed as:
x＝k1(y-y0)+x0 (16)
z＝k2(y-y0)+z0 (17)
for the same reason, x is0，y＝y0Then, z can be used to solve:
Figure FDA0002790295270000031
wherein:
a＝1+k1 2+k2 2
b＝-2k1 2z0-2k2 2z0+2y0k1+2x0k2 (19)
c＝k1 2z0 2-2y0k1z0+y0 2+k2 2z0 2-2x0k2z0+x0 2-R2
Figure FDA0002790295270000032
Figure FDA0002790295270000033
and x, z can be expressed as:
y＝k1(z-z0)+y0 (22)
x＝k2(z-z0)+x0 (23)
the two cross points are obtained by taking a round off by using the following criteria:
Figure FDA0002790295270000034
d＝min(d1,d2) (25)
taking a satellite projection point which is closer to the position of the disturbance point;
step 4, supplementary observation site selection:
selecting a projection point dense area as a position for supplementing an observation station according to the projection point probability space distribution map;
step 5, calculating the observation capability after compensation and determining the newly added station address:
and calculating the observation capacity spatial distribution of the observation station network after the supplementary station, judging whether the observation weak area is effectively compensated or not, further determining the position of the supplementary observation station, and finishing the planning design of the station network.
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