CN112782171A - Friction experimental device in thermal vacuum environment - Google Patents
Friction experimental device in thermal vacuum environment Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a friction experiment device in a thermal vacuum environment, which comprises a temperature-controllable vacuum box, a loading box, a main mounting base plate, a loading end magnetic fluid sealing shaft, a third heat insulation coupling, a torque sensor, a first heat insulation coupling, a test piece, a second heat insulation coupling, a driving end magnetic fluid sealing shaft, a driving end normal temperature and normal pressure box, a driving device and a loading device.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of drive loading test in a thermal vacuum environment, in particular to a friction experiment device in the thermal vacuum environment.
Background
There is a brake suitable for the aerospace field, the purpose of which is to slow down the rotating shaft until it stops rotating. The main working environment of the brake is a thermal vacuum environment, and the main principle of the brake is as follows: the friction pair in the brake is used for generating and stopping torque for rotating the rotating shaft, so that the target shaft is decelerated until the target shaft stops rotating. Corresponding simulation tests are required to be carried out on the ground in order to research the performance, service life and other characteristics of the brake under different working conditions, different environments and different steering.
In order to complete the ground simulation test of the brake, a friction experiment device in a thermal vacuum environment needs to be designed, and the test to be completed by the friction experiment device in the thermal vacuum environment comprises the following steps: 1. the method comprises the following steps of (1) performing brake slip test at different rotating speeds, wherein the rotating speed required to be achieved in the test is extremely high and the torque is large; 2. skid tests under different steering; 3. and (4) slip test at different temperatures.
Currently, ground vacuum driven loading devices use the rotational speed and rotational speed provided by a vacuum motor, but they provide limited rotational speed and torque and they can operate in a vacuum environment but have limited temperature ranges. When the experiment needs high rotating speed and high torque, the requirement is difficult to meet, a test piece needs to be placed in a vacuum box, magnetic fluid sealing shafts are arranged on two sides of the vacuum box, and a servo motor with high rotating speed and high torque is connected with a magnetic fluid on one side outside the vacuum box so as to drive the test piece; and the magnetic fluid sealing shaft on the other side is connected with a magnetic hysteresis brake and the like, so that a test piece is loaded. The method inevitably leads to a long transmission chain, the coaxiality of the transmission chain is difficult to ensure, and the required field is large; and a special vacuum box needs to be customized to be matched with a proper magnetic fluid sealing shaft, so that the economic benefit is low.
At present, when a loading and slipping experiment is carried out, a hysteresis brake is mostly adopted for providing loading, but the loading and the unloading of the hysteresis brake are delayed due to the principle of the hysteresis brake, and the instantaneous loading and unloading cannot be finished, so that the accuracy of the experiment can be influenced.
At present, no design for arranging a normal-temperature normal-pressure box in a hot vacuum environment exists. In the hot vacuum environment, the temperature of the normal-temperature and normal-pressure box is mainly considered to influence the test environment temperature of the test piece, so that the accuracy of the experiment is influenced. Thermal convection cannot be generated in a vacuum environment, main heat transfer modes are heat conduction and heat radiation, and only the two heat transfer modes need to be inhibited, so that the experimental accuracy can be greatly improved.
The ground simulation test of the brake is required to be realized, the experiment under the conditions of large torque and high rotating speed can be realized, the transmission chain is short, the higher coaxiality is easy to ensure, the loading and unloading speed is high, a vacuum box does not need to be customized, and the field required by the experiment is small. The vacuum motor of the existing ground vacuum driving loading equipment cannot meet the required rotating speed and torque, the length of a transmission chain required by driving and loading outside the vacuum box is long, the coaxiality is difficult to guarantee, the required field is large, the loading and unloading have certain delay, and the corresponding vacuum box needs to be customized. And further provides a friction experiment device in a thermal vacuum environment, which has short transmission chain, high coaxiality, small required field, good heat insulation and high loading speed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems that the rotating speed, the torque and the working temperature required by an experiment cannot be met in the vacuum motor of the conventional ground vacuum driving loading equipment, the length of a transmission chain required by driving and loading outside a vacuum box is difficult to ensure coaxiality, the required field is large, the loading and unloading have certain delay, the corresponding vacuum box needs to be customized and the like, and provides a friction experiment device which has the advantages of short transmission chain, high coaxiality, small required field, good heat insulation and high loading speed and is used in a thermal vacuum environment.
The invention realizes the purpose through the following technical scheme: a friction experiment device for a thermal vacuum environment comprises a temperature-controllable vacuum box, a loading box, a main mounting base plate, a loading end magnetic fluid sealing shaft, a third heat insulation coupling, a torque sensor, a first heat insulation coupling, a test piece, a second heat insulation coupling, a driving end magnetic fluid sealing shaft, a driving end normal temperature and normal pressure box, a driving device and a loading device, wherein the main mounting base plate is fixed on an inner base plate of the temperature-controllable vacuum box; the driving device is fixed in the driving end normal temperature and normal pressure box, the output end of the driving device is connected with the driving end of the testing piece through the loading end magnetic fluid sealing shaft and the second heat insulation coupling, and the driving device provides driving force required by a friction test; the loading device is fixed in the loading box, the output end of the loading device is sequentially connected with the loading end magnetic fluid sealing shaft, the third heat insulation coupler, the torque sensor and the first heat insulation coupler and then connected with the loading end of the test piece, and the loading device provides loading required by a friction test.
Furthermore, the driving device comprises a servo motor, a servo amplifier support, a temperature and air pressure sensor, a small driving end belt wheel, a large driving end belt wheel, a synchronous driving end belt, a main driving end shaft, a second support, a driving end mounting bottom plate, a motor support and a third coupling, wherein the servo amplifier is fixed on the normal-temperature and normal-pressure box at the driving end through the servo amplifier support, and the temperature and air pressure sensor is fixed on the side wall of the normal-temperature and normal-pressure box at the driving end; a drive end mounting bottom plate is fixed on the inner bottom surface of the drive end normal temperature and normal pressure box, and the servo motor is fixed on the drive end mounting bottom plate through a motor support; the output end of the driving motor is fixedly provided with a small driving end belt wheel, the large driving end belt wheel is fixed at one end of a driving end main shaft through a second expansion sleeve, the small driving end belt wheel is connected with the large driving end belt wheel through a driving end synchronous belt, the driving end main shaft is installed on a second support through a bearing, the second support is fixed on a driving end installation bottom plate, the other end of the driving end main shaft is connected with one end of a driving end magnetic fluid sealing shaft through a third coupler, and a servo amplifier is electrically connected with the servo motor and controls the work of the servo motor.
Furthermore, the loading device comprises a loading end mounting bottom plate, a brake, a hysteresis brake, a loading shaft, a U-shaped frame, a first support, a loading end main shaft, a loading end small belt wheel, a loading end large belt wheel, a loading end synchronous belt, a coding disc and a second coupler, wherein the loading end mounting bottom plate is fixed at the bottom of the loading box, the first support and the U-shaped frame are fixed on the loading end mounting bottom plate, the brake is fixed on the outer side of one side edge of the U-shaped frame, the hysteresis brake is fixed in the middle of the U-shaped frame, the loading shaft penetrates through the hysteresis brake and the brake and is mounted on the U-shaped frame through a ball bearing, and the part of the loading shaft extending out of the U-shaped frame is fixed with the loading end small belt wheel; the loading end main shaft is arranged on the first support through a ball bearing, the loading end large belt wheel is fixed at one end of the loading end main shaft through a first expansion sleeve, and the loading end large belt wheel and the loading end small belt wheel are connected through a loading end synchronous belt; the other end of the loading end main shaft is connected with one end of the loading end magnetic fluid sealing shaft through a second coupling, and the loading end main shaft is sleeved with an encoding disc.
Furthermore, a vacuum box end cover is arranged on the side face of the temperature-controllable vacuum box, the vacuum box end cover and the temperature-controllable vacuum box are fixedly connected through bolts, and the temperature-controllable vacuum box and the vacuum box end cover jointly form the vacuum box. The vacuum box has the functions of temperature regulation and realization of a vacuum environment, and can realize a hot vacuum environment in the temperature-controllable vacuum box.
Furthermore, positioning grooves are formed in two sides of the main mounting bottom plate, a heat insulation hole is formed in the middle of the main mounting bottom plate, positioning bosses are designed at the bottoms of the loading box and the drive end normal temperature and normal pressure box, the loading box, the drive end normal temperature and normal pressure box and the main mounting bottom plate are positioned through interference fit of the positioning bosses and the positioning grooves, and the loading box and the drive end normal temperature and normal pressure box are fixed on the main mounting bottom plate through bolts.
Furthermore, a loading box end cover is arranged on the side face of the loading box and fixed on the loading box through a bolt.
Furthermore, a plug-in mounting plate is arranged on the side wall of the drive end normal temperature and normal pressure box, and an air inlet, an electric connector and an air outlet are arranged on the plug-in mounting plate. The air inlet, the electric connector and the air outlet are fixed on the connector mounting plate through bolts, the connector mounting plate is connected with the side wall of the drive end normal temperature and normal pressure box in a sealing mode, and the air inlet, the electric connector and the air outlet are connected with the connector mounting plate in a sealing mode. The electric connector is used for cable routing of various mechanisms in the drive end normal temperature and normal pressure box, the air inlet is used for being connected with an external air inlet pipe, the air outlet is used for being connected with an external air outlet pipe, and the inside of the drive end normal temperature and normal pressure box is communicated with the external environment through the air inlet and the air outlet, so that the whole drive end normal temperature and normal pressure box is always in a normal temperature and normal pressure environment.
Furthermore, the servo amplifier support is fixed on the side wall of the top of the driving end normal temperature and normal pressure box through a bolt.
Furthermore, the temperature and air pressure sensor is fixed on the side wall of the driving end normal temperature and normal pressure box opposite to the plug-in mounting plate.
Furthermore, a normal temperature and normal pressure box end cover is arranged on the normal temperature and normal pressure box of the driving end.
Furthermore, the shell of the driving end magnetic fluid sealing shaft is hermetically connected with the side wall of the driving end normal temperature and normal pressure box, and the shell of the loading end magnetic fluid sealing shaft is hermetically connected with the side wall of the loading box. The side wall of the driving end normal temperature and normal pressure box is provided with a mounting hole of a driving end magnetic fluid sealing shaft, after the axes of the loading end magnetic fluid sealing shaft and the mounting hole of the loading end box are overlapped, the loading end magnetic fluid sealing shaft is fixed with the loading box through a bolt, one end of an extension shaft of the extension shaft is connected with a torque sensor through a third heat insulation coupler, and the other end of the extension shaft is connected with a loading end main shaft through a second coupler. And after the axes of the driving end magnetic fluid sealing shaft and the mounting hole of the driving end normal temperature and normal pressure box are superposed, the driving end magnetic fluid sealing shaft is fixed with the driving end normal temperature and normal pressure box through a bolt.
Furthermore, the coding disc is a hollow coding disc, and a shell of the coding disc is fixed on the first support through a bolt.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the servo motor can be arranged on the opening end face of the normal-temperature and normal-pressure box and fixed with the normal-temperature and normal-pressure box end cover 14 through the bolt to form the normal-temperature and normal-pressure box, and under the condition that the high-torque and high-rotation-speed test requirement can be met, the external driving and loading of the vacuum tank are not needed, so that the test is completed without customizing a special vacuum tank and only needing to put down the mounting platform, the length of a transmission chain is greatly shortened, and the coaxiality is easy to guarantee.
2. The invention designs a first heat insulation coupler, a second heat insulation coupler, a normal temperature and normal pressure box end cover and a main mounting bottom plate, in a thermal vacuum test environment, the normal temperature and normal pressure box is formed by fixing an opening end face of the normal temperature and normal pressure box with the normal temperature and normal pressure box end cover through a bolt, the normal temperature and normal pressure box can generate temperature influence on a test piece, the heat transfer modes under the vacuum condition are mainly heat conduction and heat radiation, the heat insulation couplers and the second heat insulation coupler are both made of heat insulation materials, and the main mounting bottom plate is made of the heat insulation materials and is provided with a plurality of rectangular through holes for inhibiting the heat conduction of the normal temperature box to the test piece. The inner and outer of the end covers of the normal temperature and normal pressure box and the normal temperature and normal pressure box are coated with the radiation protection coating, so that the influence of heat radiation on a test piece is greatly reduced, and the experimental error is reduced.
3. The invention designs the air inlet, the air outlet and the temperature and pressure sensor, when the air-conditioning box works in a hot vacuum environment, the opening end face of the normal-temperature and normal-pressure box is fixed with the end cover of the normal-temperature and normal-pressure box through the air inlet through a bolt to form cold air input into the normal-temperature and normal-pressure box, the internal air is exhausted from the air outlet, the original parts such as a servo motor and the like are ensured to work at proper temperature and proper pressure, the internal temperature of the normal-temperature and normal-pressure box can be monitored in real time through the temperature and pressure sensor, and the real-time regulation of the cold air input speed of.
4. The invention designs a normal temperature and normal pressure box, a driving end synchronous belt, a driving end small belt wheel and a driving end large belt wheel, wherein the normal temperature and normal pressure box is fixedly formed by fixing an opening end face of the normal temperature and normal pressure box with a normal temperature and normal pressure box end cover through a bolt; when the required moment of experiment, rotational speed, precision can't be provided to the vacuum motor when satisfying, make the servo motor that can't work under vacuum condition also can arrange the vacuum chamber in, and accessible belt pulley increase moment, need not to carry out the loading drive outside the jar in order to satisfy the experiment demand, simultaneously through the utilization space of belt pulley at utmost, make the very small and exquisite of laboratory bench, thereby reduced the required place size of experiment.
5. The brake is designed, a motor is adopted in a general experiment to drive a test piece to rotate, then the hysteresis brake is loaded to realize a slipping experiment, and experimental data can be influenced due to the delay of a period of time in the loading of the hysteresis brake. When the motor reaches the rotating speed required by the experiment, the loading shaft is locked instantly by the brake, and the loading end main shaft stops rotating by the drive end synchronous belt, the drive end small belt wheel and the drive end large belt wheel, so that the instant drive loading of the test piece is realized, the aim of achieving the slipping experiment instantly is fulfilled, and the loading time is eliminated.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a front view of a friction test device in a thermal vacuum environment according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a rear cross-sectional view of a friction test rig in a thermal vacuum environment of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a right side view of the friction test apparatus in a thermal vacuum environment of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a left side view of the friction test device in a thermal vacuum environment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of the overall mounting baseplate of the present invention.
In the figure, 1-vacuum box end cover, 2-temperature-controllable vacuum box, 3-loading box end cover, 4-loading box, 5-loading end magnetic fluid sealing shaft, 6-third heat insulation coupling, 7-torque sensor, 8-first heat insulation coupling, 9-test piece, 10-second heat insulation coupling, 11-driving end magnetic fluid sealing shaft, 12-total installation bottom plate, 13-driving end normal temperature normal pressure box, 14-driving end normal temperature box end cover, 15-connector installation plate, 16-air inlet, 17-electric connector, 18-air outlet, 19-brake, 20-magnetic hysteresis brake, 21-U-shaped frame, 22-first expansion sleeve, 23-loading end synchronous belt, 24-first frame, 25-coding disc, 26-a second coupler, 27-a servo motor, 28-a third coupler, 29-a driving end main shaft, 30-a second support, 31-a motor support, 32-a driving end mounting base plate, 33-a driving end synchronous belt, 34-a second expansion sleeve, 35-a servo amplifier support, 36-a temperature and air pressure sensor, 37-a servo amplifier, 38-a loading end mounting base plate, 39-a loading end main shaft, 40-a loading end large belt wheel, 41-a loading end small belt wheel, 42-a loading shaft, 43-a driving end small belt wheel and 44-a driving end large belt wheel.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:
as shown in fig. 1 to 5, a friction experiment device in a thermal vacuum environment includes a temperature-controllable vacuum box 2, a loading box 4, a total installation bottom plate 12, a loading end magnetic fluid sealing shaft 5, a third thermal insulation coupling 6, a torque sensor 7, a first thermal insulation coupling 8, a test piece 9, a second thermal insulation coupling 10, a driving end magnetic fluid sealing shaft 11, a driving end normal temperature and normal pressure box 13, a driving device and a loading device, wherein the total installation bottom plate 12 is fixed on an inner bottom plate of the temperature-controllable vacuum box 2, the driving end normal temperature and normal pressure box 13, the test piece 9 and the loading box 4 are all fixedly installed on the total installation bottom plate 12, the test piece 9 is provided with a driving end and a loading end, the driving end and the loading end of the test piece 9 are two ends of the same shaft, and the driving end normal temperature and normal pressure box 13 and the loading box 4 are respectively arranged on the left; the driving device is fixed in the driving end normal temperature and normal pressure box 13, the output end of the driving device is connected with the driving end of the testing piece 9 through the loading end magnetic fluid sealing shaft 5 and the second heat insulation coupling 10, and the driving device provides driving force required by a friction test; the loading device is fixed in the loading box 4, the output end of the loading device is sequentially connected with the loading end magnetic fluid sealing shaft 5, the third heat insulation coupler 6, the torque sensor 7 and the first heat insulation coupler 8 and then connected with the loading end of the test piece 9, and the loading device provides loading required by a friction test.
The driving device comprises a servo motor 27, a servo amplifier 37, a servo amplifier support 35, a temperature and air pressure sensor 36, a driving end small belt wheel 43, a driving end large belt wheel 44, a driving end synchronous belt 33, a driving end spindle 29, a second support 30, a driving end mounting bottom plate 32, a motor support 31 and a third coupling 28, wherein the servo amplifier 37 is fixed on the driving end normal temperature and normal pressure box 13 through the servo amplifier support 35, and the temperature and air pressure sensor 36 is fixed on the side wall of the driving end normal temperature and normal pressure box 13; a drive end mounting bottom plate 32 is fixed on the inner bottom surface of the drive end normal temperature and normal pressure box 13, and the servo motor 27 is fixed on the drive end mounting bottom plate 32 through a motor support 31; the output end of the driving motor is fixedly provided with a driving end small belt wheel 43, the driving end large belt wheel 44 is fixed at one end of a driving end main shaft 29 through a second expansion sleeve 34, the driving end small belt wheel 43 and the driving end large belt wheel 44 are connected through a driving end synchronous belt 33, the driving end main shaft 29 is installed on a second support 30 through a bearing, the second support 30 is fixed on a driving end installation bottom plate 32, the other end of the driving end main shaft 29 is connected with one end of a driving end magnetic fluid sealing shaft 11 through a third coupler 28, and a servo amplifier 37 is electrically connected with a servo motor 27 and controls the work of the servo motor 27.
The loading device comprises a loading end mounting base plate 38, a brake 19, a hysteresis brake 20, a loading shaft 42, a U-shaped frame 21, a first support 24, a loading end main shaft 39, a loading end small belt wheel 41, a loading end large belt wheel 40, a loading end synchronous belt 23, a code disc 25 and a second coupling 26, wherein the loading end mounting base plate 38 is fixed at the bottom of the loading box 4, the first support 24 and the U-shaped frame 21 are fixed on the loading end mounting base plate 38, the brake 19 is fixed on the outer side of one side edge of the U-shaped frame 21, the hysteresis brake 20 is fixed at the middle part of the U-shaped frame 21, the loading shaft 42 penetrates through the hysteresis brake 20 and the brake 19 and is mounted on the U-shaped frame 21 through a ball bearing, and the loading end small belt wheel 41 is fixed on the part of the loading shaft 42 extending out of the U-shaped frame; the loading end main shaft 39 is mounted on the first support 24 through a ball bearing, the loading end large belt wheel 40 is fixed at one end of the loading end main shaft 39 through the first expansion sleeve 22, and the loading end large belt wheel 40 and the loading end small belt wheel 41 are connected through the loading end synchronous belt 23; the other end of the loading end main shaft 39 is connected with one end of the loading end magnetic fluid sealing shaft 5 through a second coupling 26, and the loading end main shaft 39 is sleeved with an encoding disc 25.
The side surface of the temperature-controllable vacuum box 2 is provided with a vacuum box end cover 1, the vacuum box end cover 1 and the temperature-controllable vacuum box 2 are fixedly connected through a bolt, and the temperature-controllable vacuum box 2 and the vacuum box end cover 1 jointly form a vacuum box.
Positioning grooves are formed in two sides of the main mounting bottom plate 12, a heat insulation hole is formed in the middle of the main mounting bottom plate 12, positioning bosses are designed at the bottoms of the loading box 4 and the drive end normal temperature and normal pressure box 13, the loading box 4, the drive end normal temperature and normal pressure box 13 and the main mounting bottom plate 12 are positioned through interference fit of the positioning bosses and the positioning grooves, and the loading box 4 and the drive end normal temperature and normal pressure box 13 are fixed on the main mounting bottom plate 12 through bolts.
And a loading box end cover 3 is arranged on the side surface of the loading box 4, and the loading box end cover 3 is fixed on the loading box 4 through a bolt.
A plug-in mounting plate 15 is arranged on the side wall of the driving-end normal-temperature normal-pressure box 13, and an air inlet 16, an electric connector 17 and an air outlet 18 are arranged on the plug-in mounting plate 15; the air inlet 16, the electric connector 17 and the air outlet 18 are all fixed on the connector mounting plate 15 through bolts, the connector mounting plate 15 is connected with the side wall of the driving end normal temperature and normal pressure box 13 in a sealing mode, and the air inlet 16, the electric connector 17 and the air outlet 18 are connected with the connector mounting plate 15 in a sealing mode.
The servo amplifier bracket 35 is fixed on the top side wall of the driving end normal temperature and normal pressure box 13 through bolts.
And a normal temperature and normal pressure box end cover is also arranged on the normal temperature and normal pressure box 13 of the driving end.
The coding disc 25 is a hollow coding disc 25, and the shell of the coding disc 25 is fixed on the first bracket 24 through bolts.
The invention can carry out the slipping experiment under different rotating speeds:
1) after the installation is finished, adjusting the temperature-controllable vacuum box 2 to enable the internal temperature to reach the temperature required by the experiment and pumping out air to realize a hot vacuum environment;
2) the air inlet 16 injects cold air into a normal-temperature and normal-pressure box which is formed by fixing an opening end face of the normal-temperature and normal-pressure box 13 with a normal-temperature and normal-pressure box end cover 14 through bolts, the air outlet 18 discharges air in the normal-temperature and normal-pressure box, the internal temperature and the air pressure of the normal-temperature and normal-pressure box are monitored in real time through a temperature and air pressure sensor 36, and when the temperature is higher than a threshold value in the experimental process, the rate of injecting the cold air is increased, the exhaust rate is increased, so that the servo motor is ensured to work at proper air pressure;
3) starting the servo motor 27 to reach the lowest rotation speed required by the experiment; the motor drives the small driving end belt wheel 43, the small driving end belt wheel 43 drives the large driving end belt wheel 44 to rotate through the driving end synchronous belt 33, the large driving end belt wheel 44 drives the driving end spindle 29 to rotate, and therefore the test piece 9 starts to rotate
4) Starting the brake 19, wherein the brake 19 locks the loading shaft 42 instantly, the driving end small belt wheel 43 stops rotating, the driving end large belt wheel 44 stops rotating through the driving end synchronous belt 33, so that the loading end of the test piece 9 stops rotating, the test piece 9 instantly realizes slipping, the coding disc 25 is used for detecting whether the loading end spindle 39 stops rotating, and the torque sensor 7 transmits real-time data to the data processing system;
5) the brake 19 is closed, and the rotating speed of the servo motor 27 is adjusted to the next required speed;
6) and repeating the fourth step and the fifth step until the experiment is completed.
The invention can carry out loading experiment:
firstly, after the installation is finished, adjusting the temperature-controllable vacuum box 2 to enable the internal temperature to reach the temperature required by the experiment and pumping air out to realize a hot vacuum environment;
secondly, cold air is injected into the normal-temperature and normal-pressure box formed by fixing the opening end face of the normal-temperature and normal-pressure box 13 and the normal-temperature and normal-pressure box end cover 14 through bolts, air in the normal-temperature and normal-pressure box is discharged from the air outlet 18, the internal temperature and air pressure of the normal-temperature and normal-pressure box are monitored in real time through the temperature and air pressure sensor 36, and when the temperature is higher than a threshold value in the experimental process, the cold air injection speed and the air exhaust speed are increased, so that the servo motor is ensured to work at proper air pressure and temperature;
starting the servo motor 27 to reach the rotation speed required by the experiment; the motor drives the small driving end belt wheel 43, the small driving end belt wheel 43 drives the large driving end belt wheel 44 to rotate through the driving end synchronous belt 33, the large driving end belt wheel 44 drives the driving end spindle 29 to rotate, and therefore the test piece 9 starts to rotate
Starting the hysteresis brake 20, loading the loading shaft 42 by the hysteresis brake 20, loading the large driving-end belt wheel 44 by driving the synchronous belt 33 by the small driving-end belt wheel 43, so that the loading end of the test piece 9 is loaded, starting the loading test of the test piece 9, and transmitting real-time data to the data processing system by the code disc 25 and the torque sensor 7;
fifthly, adjusting the loading size of the hysteresis brake 20;
sixthly, repeating the fourth step and the fifth step until the experiment is finished.
The above embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the technical solutions of the present invention, so long as the technical solutions can be realized on the basis of the above embodiments without creative efforts, which should be considered to fall within the protection scope of the patent of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a friction experimental apparatus of hot vacuum environment which characterized in that: comprises a temperature-controllable vacuum box (2), a loading box (4), a main mounting base plate (12), a loading end magnetic fluid sealing shaft (5), a third heat insulation coupling (6), a torque sensor (7), a first heat insulation coupling (8), a test piece (9), a second heat insulation coupling (10), a driving end magnetic fluid sealing shaft (11), a driving end normal temperature and normal pressure box (13), a driving device and a loading device, the general mounting base plate (12) is fixed on an inner base plate of the temperature-controllable vacuum box (2), the driving-end normal-temperature normal-pressure box (13), the testing piece (9) and the loading box (4) are all fixedly mounted on the general mounting base plate (12), the testing piece (9) is provided with a driving end and a loading end, the driving end and the loading end of the testing piece (9) are two ends of the same shaft, and the driving-end normal-temperature normal-pressure box (13) and the loading box (4) are respectively arranged on the left side and the right side of the testing piece (9); the driving device is fixed in the driving end normal temperature and normal pressure box (13), the output end of the driving device is connected with the driving end of the test piece (9) through the loading end magnetic fluid sealing shaft (5) and the second heat insulation coupler (10), and the driving device provides driving force required by a friction test; the loading device is fixed in the loading box (4), the output end of the loading device is sequentially connected with the loading end of the testing piece (9) after the loading end magnetic fluid sealing shaft (5), the third heat insulation coupler (6), the torque sensor (7) and the first heat insulation coupler (8), and the loading device provides loading required by a friction test.
2. The friction experiment device in a thermal vacuum environment according to claim 1, wherein: the driving device comprises a servo motor (27), a servo amplifier (37), a servo amplifier support (35), a temperature and air pressure sensor (36), a driving end small belt wheel (43), a driving end large belt wheel (44), a driving end synchronous belt (33), a driving end main shaft (29), a second support (30), a driving end mounting base plate (32), a motor support (31) and a third coupling (28), wherein the servo amplifier (37) is fixed on the driving end normal temperature and pressure box (13) through the servo amplifier support (35), and the temperature and air pressure sensor (36) is fixed on the side wall of the driving end normal temperature and pressure box (13); a drive end mounting bottom plate (32) is fixed on the inner bottom surface of the drive end normal temperature and normal pressure box (13), and the servo motor (27) is fixed on the drive end mounting bottom plate (32) through a motor support (31); the output end of the driving motor is fixedly provided with a driving end small belt wheel (43), the driving end large belt wheel (44) is fixed at one end of a driving end main shaft (29) through a second expansion sleeve (34), the driving end small belt wheel (43) and the driving end large belt wheel (44) are connected through a driving end synchronous belt (33), the driving end main shaft (29) is installed on a second support (30) through a bearing, the second support (30) is fixed on a driving end installation bottom plate (32), the other end of the driving end main shaft (29) is connected with one end of a driving end magnetic fluid sealing shaft (11) through a third coupler (28), and a servo amplifier (37) is electrically connected with a servo motor (27) and controls the work of the servo motor (27).
3. The friction experiment device in a thermal vacuum environment according to claim 2, wherein: the loading device comprises a loading end mounting base plate (38), a brake (19), a hysteresis brake (20), a loading shaft (42), a U-shaped frame (21), a first support (24), a loading end main shaft (39), a loading end small belt wheel (41), a loading end large belt wheel (40), a loading end synchronous belt (23), a coding disc (25) and a second coupling (26), the loading end mounting base plate (38) is fixed at the bottom of the loading box (4), the first support (24) and the U-shaped frame (21) are fixed on the loading end mounting base plate (38), the brake (19) is fixed on the outer side of one side edge of the U-shaped frame (21), the hysteresis brake (20) is fixed in the middle of the U-shaped frame (21), the loading shaft (42) penetrates through the hysteresis brake (20) and the brake (19) and is mounted on the U-shaped frame (21) through a ball bearing, and a loading end small belt wheel (41) is fixed on the part of the loading shaft (42) extending out of the U-shaped frame (21); the loading end main shaft (39) is mounted on the first support (24) through a ball bearing, the loading end large belt wheel (40) is fixed at one end of the loading end main shaft (39) through a first expansion sleeve (22), and the loading end large belt wheel (40) is connected with the loading end small belt wheel (41) through a loading end synchronous belt (23); the other end of the loading end main shaft (39) is connected with one end of the loading end magnetic fluid sealing shaft (5) through a second coupler (26), and the loading end main shaft (39) is sleeved with an encoding disc (25).
4. The friction experiment device in a thermal vacuum environment according to claim 3, wherein: the side surface of the temperature-controllable vacuum box (2) is provided with a vacuum box end cover (1), the vacuum box end cover (1) is fixedly connected with the temperature-controllable vacuum box (2) through a bolt, and the temperature-controllable vacuum box (2) and the vacuum box end cover (1) jointly form a vacuum box.
5. The friction experiment device in a thermal vacuum environment according to claim 4, wherein: the both sides of total mounting plate (12) are provided with the constant head tank, and the centre of total mounting plate (12) is provided with the hot air vent, and loading case (4) and drive end normal atmospheric pressure case (13) bottom design have the location boss, and loading case (4) and drive end normal atmospheric pressure case (13) realize the location with total mounting plate (12) through the interference fit of location boss with the constant head tank, and loading case (4) and drive end normal atmospheric pressure case (13) pass through the bolt fastening on total mounting plate (12).
6. The friction experiment device in a thermal vacuum environment according to claim 5, wherein: and a loading box end cover (3) is arranged on the side surface of the loading box (4), and the loading box end cover (3) is fixed on the loading box (4) through a bolt.
7. The friction experiment device in a thermal vacuum environment according to claim 6, wherein: a plug-in mounting plate (15) is arranged on the side wall of the driving end normal temperature and normal pressure box (13), and an air inlet (16), an electric connector (17) and an air outlet (18) are arranged on the plug-in mounting plate (15); the air inlet (16), the electric connector (17) and the air outlet (18) are fixed on the connector mounting plate (15) through bolts, the connector mounting plate (15) is connected with the side wall of the driving end normal temperature and normal pressure box (13) in a sealing mode, and the air inlet (16), the electric connector (17) and the air outlet (18) are connected with the connector mounting plate (15) in a sealing mode.
8. The friction testing apparatus in thermal vacuum environment according to claim 7, wherein: and the servo amplifier bracket (35) is fixed on the top side wall of the driving end normal temperature and normal pressure box (13) through a bolt.
9. The apparatus for friction experiment in thermal vacuum environment according to claim 8, wherein: and a normal temperature and normal pressure box end cover is also arranged on the driving end normal temperature and normal pressure box (13).
10. The friction testing apparatus in thermal vacuum environment according to claim 9, wherein: the coding disc (25) is a hollow coding disc (25), and a shell of the coding disc (25) is fixed on the first support (24) through bolts.
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