CN112780281A

CN112780281A - Deep vertical shaft and construction method thereof

Info

Publication number: CN112780281A
Application number: CN202110004553.4A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张帅帅; 汪小东; 朱志根; 李华华; 乔俊宇; 余一松
Original assignee: CINF Engineering Corp Ltd
Current assignee: CINF Engineering Corp Ltd
Priority date: 2021-01-04
Filing date: 2021-01-04
Publication date: 2021-05-11

Abstract

The invention relates to a deep vertical shaft and a construction method thereof, wherein the deep vertical shaft comprises a shaft body, the wall of the shaft body is divided into a cylindrical section and a flange section along the circumferential direction, the inner contour of the flange section and the inner contour of the cylindrical section are integrally connected to form the inner side wall of the shaft body, and the thickness of the flange section is greater than that of the cylindrical section; the flange section is internally provided with a plurality of pipelines which extend along the length direction of the well body. Compared with the prior art, the deep vertical shaft provided by the invention has the advantages that pipelines such as compressed air pipelines, water supply pipelines, water drainage pipelines and the like which need to be arranged in the shaft body are moved to the flange section of the shaft wall to be embedded, the diameter of the shaft body of the vertical shaft can be reduced, the stress of the whole structure is reasonable, the cost of corrosion prevention and maintenance of the pipelines can be saved, the pipelines can also be used as channels for laying cables and draining water from various middle sections, and the comprehensive cost is higher.

Description

Deep vertical shaft and construction method thereof

Technical Field

The invention relates to a deep vertical shaft and a construction method thereof, in particular to a deep vertical shaft suitable for an environment with non-uniform horizontal confining pressure and high ground stress and a construction method thereof, and belongs to the field of mines.

Background

Along with the need of replacing deep mine resources in China, the burial depth of many mine vertical shafts in China exceeds kilometers. According to the actual measurement of the ground stress of certain deep mining areas in China, the surrounding rock of a deep bedrock section is usually an uneven stress field which mainly comprises horizontal stress, and uneven horizontal confining pressure is a factor which causes the failure of a deep vertical shaft wall to be not negligible. At present, the net section of the deep vertical shaft is round and most commonly used, the adopted shaft wall structure is mainly a cylindrical concrete structure, the non-pressure-equalizing stress environment of shaft wall surrounding rock is not fully considered, the poured shaft wall is often subjected to large deformation, peeling or even complete failure in the direction of the minimum horizontal main stress during construction or operation, and the normal construction and production activities of a mine are seriously threatened.

Meanwhile, according to the production requirements of mines, drainage pipelines, compressed air pipelines, water supply pipelines and the like are usually laid in a shaft through a well beam or close to the inner edge of a well wall at present, when a fixing structure of the pipelines is arranged depending on the well beam or the well wall, the design and application quality of the well beam or the well wall can be influenced by the well beam opening operation or the well wall drilling operation, and the operation engineering quantity, the operation difficulty and the construction period of pipeline installation and laying can be obviously increased; meanwhile, the existing pipeline arrangement mode needs to occupy precious shaft section space, and the ventilation effect of the shaft of the vertical shaft can be influenced. Shaft engineering with high requirements on the availability of the shaft section needs to increase the size of the shaft section, and accordingly, the shaft supporting difficulty and the engineering investment are increased. In summary, in the face of the non-uniform horizontal confining pressure and high ground stress environment of the deep vertical shaft, and in combination with the laying requirements of the drainage pipeline, the compressed air pipeline, the water supply pipeline and other pipelines, how to ensure the safety and economy of the deep vertical shaft wall structure and the convenience of construction are difficult problems faced by engineering technicians.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a deep vertical shaft with a better structure; the second purpose of the invention is to provide a construction method of the deep vertical shaft.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:

a deep vertical shaft comprises a shaft body, wherein the shaft wall of the shaft body is divided into a cylindrical section and a flange section along the circumferential direction, the inner contour of the flange section and the inner contour of the cylindrical section are integrally connected to form the inner side wall of the shaft body, and the thickness of the flange section is larger than that of the cylindrical section; preferably, a plurality of pipelines are arranged in the flange section, and the pipelines extend along the length direction of the well body.

Further, the outer contour of the flange section is an arc-shaped curved surface, optionally a cylindrical curved surface or an elliptic cylindrical curved surface.

Further, the rise h of the flange section is D + (400-1000 mm) and is not less than D + D-100 mm; wherein D is the thickness of the cylinder section, and is 800mm taken as 300-. When the rise h is too large, the digging and building work amount and the project investment of the flange section 11 can be increased, and when the rise h is too small, the burying requirement of the pipeline is difficult to meet, and the effect of improving the stress condition of the well body is limited.

Furthermore, a plurality of rooting hooks are fixed on the outer wall of the pipeline and extend into the flange section. The rooting hooks are steel bars or welding nails with the diameter of 10-25 mm, and the row spacing between the distribution of the rooting hooks is 150-400 mm. The rooting hook can prevent the pipeline from loosening and falling off.

Further, the distribution angle alpha of the flange sections is 30-60 degrees. In the invention, the distribution angle alpha is an angle spanned by the flange sections by taking the central axis of the well body as a central line.

Further, the number of the cylinder sections is 2, the number of the flange sections is 2, and the cylinder sections and the flange sections are distributed at intervals.

Further, the 2 flange sections are respectively positioned on two sides of the shaft of the surrounding rock on the periphery of the well body in the direction of the minimum horizontal main stress.

Further, the number of pipes in each flange section is 1-4.

Optionally, the pipeline is made of seamless steel pipes or spiral steel pipes.

Further, the length of the deep vertical shaft is not less than 1200 m.

The construction method of the deep vertical shaft comprises the following steps:

s1, providing a plurality of pipeline units with the length of H;

s2, vertically tunneling the H distance in a target area according to the outline of the shaft body, then lowering the pipeline unit to the construction face of the vertical shaft at the target position according to the structure of the deep vertical shaft to be constructed, then lowering a hydraulic template to the construction face of the vertical shaft, and pouring;

and S3, repeating S2, and connecting the upper adjacent pipeline unit and the lower adjacent pipeline unit to form a pipeline until the construction of the deep vertical well is completed.

Further, in the step S2, the pipeline unit is placed to the construction face of the vertical shaft at the target position, so that the lower end of the pipeline unit extends into the slag rock layer on the construction face by more than 50mm, and the joints at the two ends of the pipeline can be conveniently spliced.

Further, H is the same height as the hydraulic die plate.

Optionally, the upper and lower adjacent pipeline units are welded together by using flanges, quick connectors or sleeves.

Optionally, before the pipeline is connected, in order to prevent slag or concrete from being poured into the pipeline unit, the lower opening of the pipeline unit can be plugged by using materials such as wood rods and hemp threads.

Further, the construction method of the deep vertical shaft comprises the following steps:

step 1: according to production requirements and combined with the consideration of well wall stress and engineering economy, the specification of the pipelines to be embedded in the flanged cylinder well wall is determined, and the number of the pipelines to be embedded in each flange on two sides of the flanged cylinder well wall is further determined. And prefabricating the pipeline according to the sectional height H of the pipeline, the rooting hook and the joint requirements at two ends of the pipeline, and transporting the prefabricated pipeline to a construction site for later use.

Step 2: and vertically tunneling a distance of a pipeline section height H downwards according to the outline of the flanged cylinder well wall, then putting the prefabricated pipeline to the construction working face of the vertical shaft, plugging the lower opening of the pipeline of the section by using materials such as wood rods, hemp threads and the like, and vertically splicing and installing the pipeline of the section. In order to facilitate the splicing of the joints at the two ends of the pipeline, the lower end of the segmented pipeline is embedded into the tunnel face slag stone by more than 50 mm.

And step 3: and (5) lowering the hydraulic template to the face of the vertical shaft construction working face, and pouring the flanged cylinder well wall.

And 4, step 4: and (5) repeating the step (2) and the step (3) until the prefabricated outlet pipeline is completely buried.

The deep vertical shaft is suitable for the environments with non-uniform horizontal confining pressure and high ground stress, and has the advantages of reasonable stress, high utilization rate of shaft sections and convenient construction.

Compared with the related art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:

(1) under the heterogeneous horizontal confining pressure of dark vertical and high ground stress environment, the stress distribution of the drum wall of a well and the country rock that the analysis is commonly used at present can know, and the plasticity district distribution range of the minimum horizontal principal stress direction of country rock is more concentrated, and the hoop stress of the minimum horizontal principal stress direction of country rock drum wall of a well is great simultaneously, forms the flange section through the wall of a well of the minimum horizontal principal stress direction of thickening country rock, can effectively improve wall of a well stress situation. However, the simple flanged cylindrical well wall or the inner circular outer oval well wall structure can increase the pouring amount of the well wall concrete and the engineering investment. The pipeline is preset in the flange section, and pipelines such as compressed air, water supply, drainage and the like which need to be arranged in the deep vertical shaft are moved into the flange section of the shaft wall, so that the diameter of the shaft of the vertical shaft can be reduced, the stress of the whole structure is reasonable, the comprehensive manufacturing cost is more excellent, and the construction is more convenient.

(2) Aiming at the vertical shaft with higher shaft section availability, the invention can enlarge the shaft section available space, reduce the shaft ventilation resistance of the vertical shaft, enhance the shaft ventilation effect, and correspondingly save the engineering investment, thereby having better comprehensive cost.

(3) The invention arranges pipelines such as compressed air, water supply, drainage and the like which need to be arranged in the vertical shaft at the flange of the shaft wall for pre-embedding, omits the installation procedures of fixing and guiding structures of the pipelines, reduces the construction difficulty of the shaft in the equipment period, avoids the damage of drilling and fixing operations of pipeline installation in the shaft to the shaft beam or the cylindrical shaft wall structure, and improves the application quality of the shaft beam and the waterproof performance and the overall stability of the shaft wall.

(3) The pipeline buried in the flange section can be used as a channel for laying cables, so that the section of a shaft is further saved, and the utilization rate is improved.

(4) The pipeline is buried in the flange section, and the periphery of the pipeline is wrapped by well wall concrete, so that the cost of corrosion prevention and maintenance of the pipeline can be saved; the pipeline can also be used as a channel for cable laying and water drainage of each middle section, and the comprehensive cost is more excellent.

(5) The pipeline buried in the flange section can be used as a drainage channel of each middle section of the mine, so that drainage drilling commonly used in construction at present is avoided, and the engineering construction investment is correspondingly reduced.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a deep vertical shaft according to the invention.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments with reference to the attached drawings. It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict. For convenience of description, the words "upper", "lower", "left" and "right" in the following description are used only to indicate the correspondence between the upper, lower, left and right directions of the drawings themselves, and do not limit the structure.

As shown in fig. 1, the deep vertical shaft comprises a shaft body 1, wherein the wall of the shaft body 1 is divided into a cylindrical section 13 and a flange section 11 along the circumferential direction, the inner contour of the flange section 11 is integrally connected with the inner contour of the cylindrical section 13 to form the inner side wall of the shaft body 1, and the thickness of the flange section 11 is greater than that of the cylindrical section 13; a plurality of pipelines 2 are arranged in the flange section 11, and the pipelines 2 extend along the length direction of the well body 1.

The outer contour 12 of the flange section 11 is an arc-shaped curved surface and protrudes outwards. The rise h of the flange section 11 is D + 400-1000 mm and is not less than D + D-100 mm; wherein D is the thickness of the cylinder section 13, taken as 300-800mm, D is the outer diameter of the pipeline, and D is 200-800 mm.

A plurality of rooting hooks 21 are fixed on the outer wall of the pipeline 2, and the rooting hooks 21 extend into the flange section 11. The distribution angle alpha of the flange sections 11 is 30-60 degrees.

The number of the cylinder sections 13 is 2, the number of the flange sections 11 is 2, and the cylinder sections 13 and the flange sections 11 are distributed at intervals. The 2 flange sections 11 are respectively positioned at the minimum horizontal principal stress sigma of the surrounding rock 3 at the periphery of the well body 1_hThe direction of the shaft is on both sides.

The number of pipes in the left flange section 11 is 3. The number of pipes in the flange section 11 on the right is 2.

The flange 11 of the cylinder well wall 1 with the flange is distributed with angles by taking the center of the well as the originαIs 30-60 degrees.αThe value is too small, the effect of improving the stress condition of the cylinder wall 1 with the flange is not good,αwhen the value is larger, the digging and building work amount of the flange 11 is large, which is beneficial to improving the stress condition of the cylinder well wall 1 with the flange and is unfavorable to the engineering investment control.

The outer diameter of the pipeline 2 is 200-800mm according to production needs, and the pipeline 2 is made of seamless steel pipes or spiral steel pipes. The number of pipelines 2 embedded in each flange 11 on two sides of the cylinder well wall 1 with the flanges is 1-4.

When the outer diameter of the pipeline 2 is larger than 300mm, the outer edge of the pipeline 2 is fixedly welded with a rooting hook 21, the rooting hook 21 adopts a reinforcing steel bar or a welding nail with the diameter of 10-25 mm, and the row pitch of the rooting hooks 21 is 150-400 mm. The pipelines 2 are anchored in the flange 11 through the rooting hooks 21, so that the large-diameter pipelines 2 are prevented from being separated from the concrete of the flange 11 due to temperature stress or deformation.

The pipeline 2 is vertically embedded in the cylinder well wall 1 with the flange in sections, the height H of the pipeline 2 in sections is the same as that of a hydraulic template for concrete pouring of the vertical shaft, and the two ends of the pipeline 2 are connected by welding through flanges, quick connectors or sleeves.

Before the flanged cylinder well wall 1 is poured with concrete, in order to prevent the well wall 1 from being poured with concrete, a lower opening of the pipeline 2 is plugged by using materials such as wood rods, hemp threads and the like; in order to facilitate the splicing of the joints at the two ends of the pipeline 2, the lower end of the pipeline 2 is embedded into the tunnel face slag stone by more than 50 mm.

The invention provides a construction method of a deep vertical shaft well wall structure with an embedded pipeline, which comprises the following steps:

step 1: according to the production requirement and in combination with the wall stress and the engineering economy, the specification of the pipelines 2 to be embedded in the flanged cylinder wall 1 is determined, and the number of the pipelines 2 embedded in each flange section 11 on two sides of the flanged cylinder wall 1 is further determined. And prefabricating the pipeline 2 according to the sectional height H of the pipeline 2, the rooting hook 21 and the joint requirements of two ends of the pipeline 2, and transporting the prefabricated pipeline 2 to a construction site for later use.

Step 2: the distance of the height H of a section of a pipeline 2 is vertically dug downwards according to the outline of a flanged cylinder well wall 1, then the prefabricated pipeline 2 is placed to the working face of the vertical shaft, the lower opening of the section of the pipeline 2 is sealed by wood bars, hemp threads and other materials, and the section of the pipeline 2 is vertically spliced and installed. In order to facilitate the splicing of the joints at the two ends of the pipeline 2, the lower end of the segmented pipeline 2 is embedded into the slag rock layer on the tunnel face by more than 50 mm. In the tunneling process, shaft tunneling blasting design is required to be strictly carried out according to the outer contour of the cylinder shaft wall 1 so as to form a shaft section meeting the requirement; wherein the outer contour of the flange of the cylinder well wall 1 with the flange is arc-shaped.

And step 3: and (5) lowering the hydraulic template to the face of the vertical shaft construction working face, and pouring the flanged cylinder well wall 1.

And (5) repeating the step 2 and the step 3 until the construction of the deep vertical shaft is completed.

The foregoing examples are set forth to illustrate the present invention more clearly and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention, which is defined in the appended claims to which the invention pertains, as modified in all equivalent forms, by those skilled in the art after reading the present invention.

Claims

1. A deep vertical shaft comprises a shaft body (1), and is characterized in that the wall of the shaft body (1) is divided into a cylindrical section (13) and a flange section (11) along the circumferential direction, the inner contour of the flange section (11) and the inner contour of the cylindrical section (13) are integrally connected to form the inner side wall of the shaft body (1), and the thickness of the flange section (11) is greater than that of the cylindrical section (13); preferably, a plurality of pipelines (2) are arranged in the flange section (11), and the pipelines (2) extend along the length direction of the well body (1).

2. A deep shaft according to claim 1, characterised in that the outer contour of the flange section (11) is curved.

3. A deep vertical shaft according to claim 1, wherein the flange section (11) has a rise h of D + (400-1000 mm) and not less than D + D-100 mm; wherein D is the thickness of the cylinder section (13), D is 800mm plus 300mm, D is the outer diameter of the pipeline, and D is 800mm plus 200 mm.

4. A deep shaft according to claim 1, characterized in that the outer wall of the pipe (2) is fixed with a number of rooting hooks (21), which rooting hooks (21) extend into the flange section (11).

5. A deep shaft according to claim 1, characterized in that the flange sections (11) have an angle a of distribution of 30-60 °.

6. A deep shaft according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that the number of cylinder segments (13) is 2, the number of flange segments (11) is 2, and that the cylinder segments (13) and the flange segments (11) are spaced apart from each other.

7. A deep shaft according to claim 6, characterised in that the 2 flange sections (11) are located on each side of the shaft in the direction of least horizontal principal stress of the surrounding rock (3) at the periphery of the shaft body (1).

8. A deep vertical shaft according to claim 6, wherein the number of pipes in each flange section (11) is 1-4.

9. A method of constructing a deep vertical according to any one of claims 1 to 8, comprising the steps of:

s1, providing a plurality of pipeline units with the length of H;

s2, vertically tunneling the H distance in a target area according to the outline of the well body (1), then lowering the pipeline unit to the construction face of the vertical shaft at the target position according to the structure of the deep vertical shaft to be constructed, then lowering a hydraulic template to the construction face of the vertical shaft, and pouring;

and S3, repeating S2, and connecting the upper and lower adjacent pipeline units until the construction of the deep vertical well is completed.

10. The construction method according to claim 9, wherein the piping unit is lowered onto the vertical construction face at the target position so that the lower end of the piping unit extends into the slag layer on the construction face by more than 50mm at S2.