CN112777953A - Manufacturing method and production line of tempered vacuum glass - Google Patents
Manufacturing method and production line of tempered vacuum glass Download PDFInfo
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- CN112777953A CN112777953A CN201911058112.1A CN201911058112A CN112777953A CN 112777953 A CN112777953 A CN 112777953A CN 201911058112 A CN201911058112 A CN 201911058112A CN 112777953 A CN112777953 A CN 112777953A
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- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 441
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 59
- 229910000679 solder Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 160
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 85
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 238000005496 tempering Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 50
- 239000005341 toughened glass Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000005357 flat glass Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000005344 low-emissivity glass Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002966 varnish Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000156 glass melt Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012943 hotmelt Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000005322 wire mesh glass Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 19
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005485 electric heating Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010297 mechanical methods and process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003044 adaptive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003749 cleanliness Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000986 non-evaporable getter Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000011837 pasties Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010079 rubber tapping Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007688 edging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011031 large-scale manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004093 laser heating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- -1 moisture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000750 progressive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012827 research and development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052594 sapphire Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010980 sapphire Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003566 sealing material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C27/00—Joining pieces of glass to pieces of other inorganic material; Joining glass to glass other than by fusing
- C03C27/06—Joining glass to glass by processes other than fusing
- C03C27/10—Joining glass to glass by processes other than fusing with the aid of adhesive specially adapted for that purpose
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B27/00—Tempering or quenching glass products
- C03B27/012—Tempering or quenching glass products by heat treatment, e.g. for crystallisation; Heat treatment of glass products before tempering by cooling
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Joining Of Glass To Other Materials (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a manufacturing method and a production line of tempered vacuum glass, and belongs to the technical field of vacuum glass manufacturing. The manufacturing method disclosed by the invention specifically comprises the following steps: the manufacturing method comprises the steps of preparing a glass substrate, coating glass solder and isolating strips, respectively drying the glass substrate coated with the glass solder and the isolating strips, directly carrying out high-temperature quenching tempering treatment on the glass substrate without cooling, then carrying out sheet combination and vacuum edge sealing to obtain the glass substrate. The manufacturing method and the production line disclosed by the invention can overcome the defects in the prior art, can realize low-cost, large-batch and mechanical production of the tempered vacuum glass, can effectively ensure the air tightness and the service life of the tempered vacuum glass, can increase the mechanical strength and the heat insulation and sound insulation performance of the vacuum glass, and are suitable for popularization and application in the market.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of vacuum glass manufacturing, and relates to a manufacturing method of tempered vacuum glass and a tempered vacuum glass production line based on the manufacturing method.
Background
The vacuum glass has good heat insulation and sound insulation effects, is one of energy-saving glass with the best performance, represents the development direction of new-generation energy-saving building glass in the future, and is increasingly popularized and applied. Through decades of research and development, although the sample and small-scale manufacturing technology of vacuum glass are mature, the production and application of the vacuum glass are greatly limited due to the complex structure, complicated process, high cost, low capacity and difficulty in producing the all-tempered vacuum glass of the existing vacuum glass. The main problems are that the glass solder has high welding temperature and long welding time, the toughened glass is easy to anneal, and the toughened vacuum glass is difficult to produce; secondly, the glass solder is easy to foam when being welded in a vacuum environment, and the vacuum glass is difficult to produce by a one-step method (edge sealing is directly carried out under vacuum); thirdly, the two-step method (edge sealing and vacuum pumping) has long glass surface exhaust time which generally needs several hours; fourthly, continuous and mechanical production cannot be carried out, and the production efficiency is low; these problems all result in poor performance, high cost and low productivity of the existing vacuum glass, and influence the large-scale popularization and application of the vacuum glass.
Therefore, how to realize low-cost, large-batch and mechanical production of tempered vacuum glass on the premise of effectively ensuring the air tightness and the service life of the tempered vacuum glass is a technical problem to be solved urgently by technical personnel in the field.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a manufacturing method and a production line of toughened vacuum glass, which can overcome the defects in the prior art, realize low-cost, large-batch and mechanical production of the toughened vacuum glass, effectively ensure the air tightness and the service life of the toughened vacuum glass, and increase the mechanical strength, the heat insulation performance and the sound insulation performance of the vacuum glass.
In order to achieve the above result, the invention needs to adopt the following process technology:
the invention discloses tempered vacuum glass which comprises a glass substrate, glass solder, a barrier strip and a support, wherein the glass substrate is provided with a plurality of glass grooves; wherein, the periphery of the glass substrate is provided with at least one continuous glass solder; the two sides of the glass solder are respectively provided with a spacing strip made of glass glaze, and the glass glaze can be sintered and solidified at high temperature of the toughening furnace; the glass substrate consists of upper glass and lower glass, and a closed vacuum layer is formed between the upper glass and the lower glass; a support is arranged in the vacuum layer, and two ends of the support are respectively abutted against the upper glass and the lower glass;
the tempered vacuum glass is obtained by pre-sintering the glass solder and the isolating strips on the glass substrate, then heating the glass substrate to the softening temperature of the glass solder in vacuum, and finally pressurizing the glass substrate to enable the upper glass and the lower glass to be subjected to vacuum edge sealing at the softening temperature.
In an exemplary preparation process of the tempered vacuum glass, the glass solder and the parting strip are sintered on the glass substrate in advance through a tempering furnace, the glass solder sintered and solidified on the glass substrate is softened again through heating of an edge sealing furnace, the upper glass and the lower glass after being laminated are pressurized, the parting strip sintered and solidified on the upper glass and the lower glass is pressed into the corresponding softened glass solder, and simultaneously, under the squeezing action of the parting strip, a part wrapped by the surface layer of the softened glass solder like plasticine overflows to move towards the periphery, so that the softened glass solder on the upper glass and the lower glass are mutually fused together through the newly formed surface, and the edge sealing of the vacuum glass is realized.
Preferably, the glass solder on the glass substrate corresponds to the isolating strip, the glass solder is low-temperature glass solder with low softening temperature and high viscosity, and can be softened again after being heated to the softening temperature after being subjected to high-temperature treatment at 650-700 ℃ and cooled and solidified, and the softening temperature of the glass solder is 300-380 ℃.
Further preferably, the softening temperature of the glass solder is 320-360 ℃.
Preferably, the isolating strips on the upper glass and the lower glass are arranged in a mutually staggered mode, the isolating strips are glass glaze or ceramic glaze or glass printing ink, the sintering temperature of the isolating strips is 650-700 ℃, the isolating strips are adaptive to the heating temperature of a toughening furnace and can be sintered and cured in the toughening furnace, the width of each isolating strip is 0.2-5.0 mm, and the height of each isolating strip is 0.1-3.0 mm.
It should be emphasized that the sintering temperature of the isolating bar must be adapted to the heating temperature of the toughening furnace, and the isolating bar can be sintered and solidified in the toughening furnace; if the glass solder cannot be sintered and solidified, the quenched glass solder and the parting strip can be sharply shrunk in the tempering and quenching process, so that the parting strip can be broken, and the shrinkage of the glass solder can pull the displacement of the parting strip due to the bonding of the parting strip and the glass solder, so that the spacing of the parting strip becomes small and uneven, and the upper glass and the lower glass cannot be combined.
It should be noted that the periphery of at least one of the upper glass and the lower glass includes at least one spacer, preferably the periphery of both the upper glass and the lower glass includes one or more spacers, and more preferably the periphery of both the upper glass and the lower glass includes two or three spacers.
Furthermore, the isolating strips on the upper glass and the lower glass are arranged in a staggered mode and can be mutually embedded, and the number of the isolating strips on the upper glass or the lower glass can be equal or unequal.
The glass solder and the isolating strip are made into paste by using varnish, and the solder and the isolating strip are coated on the surfaces of the upper glass and the lower glass by adopting a manual or mechanical method.
Further preferably, the coating method is a mechanical method, such as screen or stencil printing, printer or dispenser, coater coating, etc., the glass glaze (paste) is prepared on the glass to form continuous and closed convex ribs protruding from the surface of the glass, and the continuous and closed convex ribs are integrated with the glass after high-temperature sintering and curing, and when the isolating bar is prepared in a coating mode, the isolating bar can be coated once or repeatedly.
The invention also provides a manufacturing method of the toughened vacuum glass, which comprises the following specific steps:
(1) preparing a glass substrate: cutting two pieces of flat glass with required size according to the shape and size of the vacuum glass to be manufactured, and then performing edge grinding, chamfering, cleaning and drying treatment on the flat glass to obtain two glass substrates, namely upper glass and lower glass;
(2) coating glass solder and parting strip: preparing a support on at least one of the two glass substrates obtained by the treatment in the step (1), uniformly coating one or two glass solders on the periphery of the sealing surface of the glass substrate, and preparing isolating strips on two sides of the glass solders respectively;
(3) drying and toughening treatment: respectively drying the glass substrates coated with the glass solder and the isolating strips in the step (2), and directly performing high-temperature quenching toughening treatment without cooling to obtain toughened glass integrated with the support, the isolating strips and the glass solder;
(4) sheet combining and edge sealing: and (4) directly laminating the two pieces of toughened glass obtained in the step (3) without cooling, and then carrying out vacuum edge sealing to obtain the toughened vacuum glass disclosed by the invention.
Preferably, the step (2) can be further replaced by the following steps: coating glass solder and parting strip: uniformly coating one or two glass solders on the periphery of the sealing surface of the two glass substrates obtained by the treatment in the step (1), and respectively preparing isolating strips on two sides of the glass solders;
correspondingly, the drying and toughening treatment in the step (3): respectively drying the glass substrates coated with the glass solder and the isolating strips in the step (2), and directly performing high-temperature quenching tempering treatment without cooling to obtain tempered glass integrated with the isolating strips and the glass solder;
and (4) sheet combining and edge sealing: and (4) placing a support on the lower glass of the two pieces of toughened glass obtained in the step (3), then directly laminating without cooling, and finally carrying out vacuum edge sealing to obtain the toughened vacuum glass disclosed by the invention.
The manufacturing method of the tempered vacuum glass disclosed by the invention can achieve the following excellent effects:
1. the glass solder and the isolating strips are prepared on the glass before tempering, the isolating strips prevent the glass solder from flowing around after being melted, and the glass solder is melted and welded on the glass by utilizing the high temperature of the tempering furnace;
2. directly combining the glass sheets, vacuumizing and sealing edges without cooling after tempering the glass, and directly utilizing the temperature of the tempered glass and the cleanliness of high-temperature exhaust in a tempering furnace;
3. because the glass solder is welded on the glass in advance, the glass solder only needs to be softened without being remelted when the two pieces of glass are welded, the surface layer of the glass solder which is formed due to low temperature and is not easy to bond is damaged by the external pressure and the extrusion action of the isolating strip, and the instant edge sealing at the lower temperature is realized;
4. the glass solder is subjected to high-temperature treatment in the toughening furnace, so that the varnish, moisture, gas and volatile components contained in the glass solder are completely discharged, the glass solder is only softened but not melted during edge sealing, the temperature is low, the viscosity is high, and the time is short, so that the glass solder is ensured not to generate bubbles during the edge sealing process, and the one-step production of the vacuum glass is realized;
5. the glass temperature is low during edge sealing, the edge sealing time is short, and the tempered glass is prevented from annealing, so that the tempered vacuum glass can be obtained;
6. the glass solder is pre-welded on the glass through tempering, the tempered glass does not need to be cooled, and the temperature and the time are low during edge sealing, so that the energy consumption and the time are greatly reduced, the production cost is reduced, the production efficiency is improved, and the low-cost and large-scale production of the tempered glass can be realized.
Specifically, when the support is directly prepared by adopting the glass glaze, the manufacturing method of the tempered vacuum glass comprises the following steps:
the first step is as follows: cutting two pieces of flat glass with required size according to the shape and size of the vacuum glass to be manufactured, and performing edge grinding, chamfering, cleaning and drying treatment;
the second step is that: preparing a support on at least one of the two pieces of treated glass; uniformly coating one or two glass solders on the periphery of the sealing surface of the two pieces of glass, and respectively preparing isolating strips on two sides of the glass solders;
the third step: respectively feeding the two pieces of glass into a drying furnace, and drying the prepared support, the prepared isolating strip and the glass solder; after drying, directly feeding the two pieces of glass into a tempering furnace without cooling; after high-temperature quenching tempering, the two pieces of glass become tempered glass which is integrated with the support, the isolating strip and the glass solder; two pieces of glass directly enter a piece combining chamber for combining without cooling; after the sheets are combined, the two pieces of glass enter a vacuum edge sealing furnace;
the fourth step: and vacuumizing and heating the vacuum edge sealing furnace while vacuumizing to below 0.1Pa, heating to the softening temperature of the glass solder, fusing the glass solder on the two pieces of glass together under the action of gravity, external pressure and extrusion of the isolating strips so as to seal a vacuum layer formed between the two pieces of glass, stopping heating, breaking the air and cooling, hermetically sealing the two pieces of glass by the glass solder, and opening a furnace door of the vacuum edge sealing furnace to obtain the vacuum glass.
When the processed support is adopted, the manufacturing method of the tempered vacuum glass comprises the following steps:
the first step is as follows: cutting two pieces of flat glass with required size according to the shape and size of the vacuum glass to be manufactured, and performing edge grinding, chamfering, cleaning and drying treatment;
the second step is that: uniformly coating one or two glass solders on the periphery of the sealing surface of the two pieces of glass, and respectively preparing isolating strips on two sides of the glass solders;
the third step: respectively feeding the two pieces of glass into a drying furnace, and drying the prepared isolating strips and the glass solder; after drying, directly feeding the two pieces of glass into a tempering furnace without cooling; after high-temperature quenching tempering, the two pieces of glass become tempered glass which is integrated with the spacing strips and the glass solder; two pieces of glass directly enter the laminating chamber without being cooled; firstly, placing a support on the lower glass, and then laminating; after the sheets are combined, the two pieces of glass enter a vacuum edge sealing furnace;
the fourth step: and vacuumizing and heating the vacuum edge sealing furnace while vacuumizing to below 0.1Pa, heating to the softening temperature of the glass solder, fusing the glass solder on the two pieces of glass together under the actions of gravity, external pressure and extrusion of the isolating strips so as to seal a vacuum layer formed between the two pieces of glass, and then stopping heating, breaking the air and cooling, wherein the two pieces of glass are hermetically sealed together by the glass solder to obtain the required vacuum glass.
In addition, in order to reduce cost, energy and consumption, the vacuum edge sealing furnace can be provided with a basic heating system and a local heating system, and the basic heating system can adopt resistance heating modes such as an electric heating wire, an electric heating pipe, an electric heating plate and the like to heat the interior of the vacuum edge sealing furnace and glass to a basic temperature; and then the peripheral edge of the glass, namely the edge sealing position, is locally heated by using modes such as resistance heating, infrared heating, laser heating, electromagnetic heating, microwave heating and the like, so that the aim of heating the sealing material to be molten in a short time is fulfilled.
Further, the range of the basic heating temperature is preferably 250-350 ℃, and the range of the local heating temperature is preferably 350-450 ℃.
Preferably, in the vacuum edge sealing step, a closed vacuum layer is formed between the upper glass and the lower glass, and the air pressure of the vacuum layer is controlled to be less than 0.1 Pa.
Preferably, the material of the support is metal, ceramic, glass or high temperature resistant plastic, the shape of the support is point-shaped, strip-shaped, linear or grid-shaped, and the specification parameters of the support are determined by the shape of the support.
Specifically, the minimum unit of the support can be a square, equilateral triangle lattice or grid, and the side length of the minimum unit is about 20-200mm, preferably 50-100 mm; the support can also be in a dot shape, a strip shape, a linear shape or a grid shape, wherein the length of the strip-shaped support is 0.3-5.0 mm, preferably 1.0-3.0 mm, the width is 0.1-2.0mm, preferably 0.2-1.0mm, and the height is 0.1-2.0mm, preferably 0.2-1.0 mm; the width of the linear support is 0.1-2.0mm, preferably 0.2-1.0mm, and the height is 0.1-2.0mm, preferably 0.2-1.0 mm; the diameter of the punctiform support is 0.1-3.0mm, preferably 0.3-1.0mm, the height is 0.1-2.0mm, preferably 0.2-0.8mm, and the side length of the square support is 0.2-2.0mm, preferably 0.4-1.0 mm.
The support is made of metal, ceramic, glass or high-temperature-resistant plastic, is in the shape of a cylinder, a ring, a square, a sphere or a hemisphere, and is preferably made of glass or ceramic glaze material and directly prepared on the surface of the glass through a dispenser, and can be made on one piece of glass or two pieces of glass.
Preferably, the glass substrate is one or a combination of any two of ordinary glass, ultra-white glass, low-emissivity glass, wired glass, rolled glass and hot-melt glass.
Further preferably, the glass substrate is ultra-white glass, low emissivity glass and ultra-white low emissivity glass.
And in order to improve and maintain the vacuum degree of the vacuum layer and prolong the service life of the vacuum glass, getters can be placed in the vacuum layer, and the getters comprise evaporable getters and non-evaporable getters.
The invention also discloses a production line based on the manufacturing method of the toughened vacuum glass, and the production line comprises a cutting machine, an edge grinding machine, a cleaning machine, a glue dispenser, a dryer, a toughening furnace, a laminating machine and a vacuum edge sealing furnace; the equipment is connected into a line, vacuum glass is produced in batch, automatically, mechanically and continuously according to the same beat, and the vacuum edge sealing furnace is provided with a heating system, a vacuum system, a pressurizing system and a cooling system; wherein,
the vacuum system enables a vacuum layer to be formed between the upper glass and the lower glass; the heating system re-softens the solidified glass solder on the upper glass and the lower glass;
and the pressurizing system is used for pressurizing the upper glass and the lower glass after the glass sheets are combined, so that the solidified parting strips on the upper glass and the lower glass are pressed into the corresponding softened glass solders, the surfaces of the softened glass solders with higher viscosity on the upper glass and the lower glass are damaged under the extrusion action of the parting strips, the parts below the surfaces of the softened glass solders are turned outwards to eliminate the original interface of the glass solders, so that the softened glass solders on the upper glass and the lower glass are mutually fused through the newly formed surfaces, the edge sealing temperature is reduced from the sealing temperature of the glass solders to the softening temperature, the edge sealing time is reduced from 10-30 minutes to several seconds, and a closed vacuum layer is formed between the upper glass and the lower glass in a short time at a low temperature so as to realize the edge sealing of the vacuum glass.
The drying furnace is mainly used for drying the pasty glass solder and the pasty glass glaze and improving the overall temperature of the upper glass and the lower glass, the drying furnace and the toughening furnace are preferably directly connected together, and the upper glass and the lower glass directly enter the toughening furnace from the drying furnace without cooling so as to save energy and time.
The toughening furnace is used for not only toughening the upper glass and the lower glass, but also sintering and solidifying the parting strip, preventing the glass solder melted into liquid from flowing around, and melting and welding the glass solder, and completely melting and welding the glass solder with the upper glass and the lower glass by using high temperature (680-700 ℃) which is far higher than the welding temperature (380-470 ℃) of the glass solder so as to enable the parting strip and the glass solder to be solidified with the upper glass and the lower glass into a whole in the toughening process; simultaneously, the high temperature is utilized to thoroughly remove the glass solder, the isolating bar, the upper glass and the lower glass, the contained moisture and volatile components and most of the adsorbed gas, the high-cleanness glass solder, the isolating bar, the upper glass and the lower glass are provided, the vacuumizing time is greatly shortened, and the foaming phenomenon of the glass solder under vacuum is prevented and reduced.
Further, the tempered glass is formed by integrating the isolating bars and the solder with the upper glass and the lower glass respectively under the combined action of high temperature and quenching of the tempering furnace.
Preferably, the tempered glass is not cooled down during tapping into a tapping furnace, but has a temperature as high as possible to maintain the tempering stress, which is generally maintained at 150 to 350 ℃, preferably 200 to 320 ℃, and more preferably 280 to 300 ℃.
The laminating is carried out in a laminating chamber through a laminating machine, and the laminating chamber has the temperature close to the tempered glass.
In addition, the vacuum edge sealing furnace is a batch type vacuum heating furnace or a continuous type vacuum heating furnace, preferably a continuous type vacuum heating furnace, the continuous type vacuum heating furnace can adopt a roller way, a mesh belt, a bracket or a trolley to convey glass, and the vacuum edge sealing furnace is provided with a vacuum system, a heating system and a pressurizing system, the vacuum system enables a vacuum layer to be formed between the upper glass and the lower glass, and the vacuum degree of the vacuum layer is generally 0.1-0.0001Pa, preferably 0.01-0.001 Pa; the heating system softens the solidified solder on the upper glass and the lower glass again without melting, and the heating system preferably adopts infrared heating, and further preferably adopts near infrared heating so as to selectively heat the solder; the pressurizing system is used for pressurizing the upper glass and the lower glass after the glass is combined, so that the solidified parting strips on the upper glass and the lower glass are pressed into the corresponding softened solders, and meanwhile, under the extrusion action of the parting strips, the softened solders are like plasticine, and the parts of the solders wrapped by the surfaces of the solders overflow the surfaces of which move to the periphery, so that the solders softened on the upper glass and the lower glass are mutually fused through the newly formed surfaces, and the edge sealing of the vacuum glass is realized; the pressure used by the pressurization system can be one or a combination of gravity, elastic force, air pressure, hydraulic force or mechanical force, etc.
The invention discloses a manufacturing method of toughened vacuum glass and a production line thereof, which have the following excellent effects:
1. according to the vacuum glass, the isolating strips and the glass solders are prepared and coated before the upper glass and the lower glass are toughened, and the isolating strips are used for preventing the glass solders from flowing around after being melted at high temperature in the toughening furnace and causing production accidents that the solders flow to a roller way of the toughening furnace, so that the glass solders are fused and welded with the glass in the toughening process, and the welding between the upper glass and the lower glass is changed into the fusion between the glass solders on the upper glass and the lower glass;
2. the invention discloses that a sintering and solidifying isolating bar can destroy the surface layer of glass solder which is not easy to bond under the action of external pressure and extrude a new surface to realize the fusion of the glass solder with higher viscosity, thereby greatly reducing the edge sealing temperature, reducing the edge sealing temperature from the sealing temperature (such as 410-470 ℃) of the glass solder to the softening temperature (such as 350-400 ℃) and reducing the edge sealing time from the constant temperature of 10-30 minutes at the sealing temperature to the softening temperature for pressurizing and sealing for several seconds;
3. the invention has higher baking temperature, lower softening temperature, higher viscosity and shorter heating time, solves the foaming problem of the glass solder in the vacuum edge sealing process, and realizes the one-step production of the vacuum glass; the upper glass and the lower glass enter a toughening furnace without being cooled after being dried, particularly enter a laminating furnace without being cooled after being toughened, and directly enter a vacuum edge sealing furnace after being laminated, and the temperature of the upper glass and the lower glass can reach about 300 ℃, so that only glass solder is required to be locally heated in the vacuum edge sealing furnace and is only required to be heated to a softening temperature, and the heating temperature and the heating time are both obviously reduced;
4. the invention discloses that the upper glass and the lower glass are fully exhausted at the high temperature of a toughening furnace, are not cooled after being toughened, prevent the upper glass and the lower glass from absorbing and adsorbing gas and water again, and keep the cleanliness of the upper glass and the lower glass, so that the upper glass and the lower glass do not need to be subjected to high-temperature exhaust treatment in a vacuum edge sealing furnace, and the vacuumizing time is reduced from hours to minutes;
in conclusion, the manufacturing method of the tempered vacuum glass and the production line thereof disclosed by the invention can not only greatly reduce the energy consumption and time, but also effectively reduce the production cost and improve the production efficiency, and prevent the tempered glass from annealing under the action of high temperature and long time, thereby ensuring the tempering property of the manufactured vacuum glass. Therefore, the manufacturing method disclosed by the invention can be used for producing the tempered vacuum glass in a one-step method with low cost and large scale.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is apparent that the drawings in the following description are only embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious to those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to the provided drawings without inventive labor.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a glass substrate before tempering in embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of the glass substrate after tempering in embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of tempered vacuum glass manufactured in embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of tempered vacuum glass manufactured in embodiment 2 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention and the accompanying drawings of the specification, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The embodiment of the invention discloses a manufacturing method of toughened vacuum glass and a production line thereof, which realize low-cost, large-batch and mechanical production of the toughened vacuum glass on the premise of effectively ensuring the air tightness and the service life of the toughened vacuum glass, and have great market popularization and application.
The invention discloses tempered vacuum glass which comprises a glass substrate, glass solder, a barrier strip and a support, wherein the glass substrate is provided with a plurality of glass grooves; wherein, the periphery of the glass substrate is provided with at least one continuous glass solder; the two sides of the glass solder are respectively provided with a spacing strip made of glass glaze, and the glass glaze can be sintered and solidified at high temperature of the toughening furnace; the glass substrate consists of upper glass and lower glass, and a closed vacuum layer is formed between the upper glass and the lower glass; a support is arranged in the vacuum layer, and two ends of the support are respectively abutted against the upper glass and the lower glass;
the tempered vacuum glass is obtained by pre-sintering the glass solder and the isolating strips on the glass substrate, then heating the glass substrate to the softening temperature of the glass solder in vacuum, and finally pressurizing the glass substrate to enable the upper glass and the lower glass to be subjected to vacuum edge sealing at the softening temperature.
In order to further optimize the technical scheme, the glass solder on the glass substrate corresponds to the isolating strip, the glass solder is low-temperature glass solder with low softening temperature and high viscosity, and the softening temperature of the glass solder is 300-380 ℃.
In order to further optimize the technical scheme, the isolating strips on the upper glass and the lower glass are arranged in a staggered mode, the isolating strips are made of ceramic glaze or glass printing ink, the sintering temperature of the isolating strips is 650-700 ℃, the isolating strips are adaptive to the heating temperature of a toughening furnace and can be sintered and cured in the toughening furnace, the width of each isolating strip is 0.2-5.0 mm, and the height of each isolating strip is 0.1-3.0 mm.
In order to further optimize the technical scheme, the glass solder and the isolating strips are made into paste by using varnish, and the solder and the isolating strips are coated on the surface of the upper glass or the lower glass by adopting a manual or mechanical method.
The invention also discloses a manufacturing method of the tempered vacuum glass, which comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing a glass substrate: cutting two pieces of flat glass with required size according to the shape and size of the vacuum glass to be manufactured, and then performing edge grinding, chamfering, cleaning and drying treatment on the flat glass to obtain two glass substrates, namely upper glass and lower glass;
(2) coating glass solder and parting strip: preparing a support on at least one of the two glass substrates obtained by the treatment in the step (1), uniformly coating one or two glass solders on the periphery of the sealing surface of the glass substrate, and preparing isolating strips on two sides of the glass solders respectively;
(3) drying and toughening treatment: respectively drying the glass substrates coated with the glass solder and the isolating strips in the step (2), and directly performing high-temperature quenching toughening treatment without cooling to obtain toughened glass integrated with the support, the isolating strips and the glass solder;
(4) sheet combining and edge sealing: and (4) directly laminating the two pieces of toughened glass obtained in the step (3) without cooling, and then carrying out vacuum edge sealing to obtain the toughened vacuum glass disclosed by the invention.
In order to further optimize the above technical solution, the step (2) can be further replaced by the following steps: coating glass solder and parting strip: uniformly coating one or two glass solders on the periphery of the sealing surface of the two glass substrates obtained by the treatment in the step (1), and respectively preparing isolating strips on two sides of the glass solders;
correspondingly, the drying and toughening treatment in the step (3): respectively drying the glass substrates coated with the glass solder and the isolating strips in the step (2), and directly performing high-temperature quenching tempering treatment without cooling to obtain tempered glass integrated with the isolating strips and the glass solder;
and (4) sheet combining and edge sealing: and (4) placing a support on the lower glass of the two pieces of toughened glass obtained in the step (3), then directly laminating without cooling, and finally carrying out vacuum edge sealing to obtain the toughened vacuum glass disclosed by the invention.
In order to further optimize the technical scheme, in the vacuum edge sealing step, a closed vacuum layer is formed between the upper glass and the lower glass, and the air pressure of the vacuum layer is controlled to be below 0.1 Pa.
In order to further optimize the technical scheme, the support is made of metal, ceramic, glass or high-temperature-resistant plastic, the shape of the support is in a point shape, a strip shape, a linear shape or a grid shape, and the specification parameters of the support are determined by the shape of the support.
In order to further optimize the technical scheme, the glass substrate is one or the combination of any two of common glass, ultra-white glass, low-emissivity glass, wired glass, rolled glass and hot-melt glass.
A production line based on the manufacturing method of the toughened vacuum glass comprises a cutting machine, an edge grinding machine, a cleaning machine, a glue dispenser, a drying machine, a toughening furnace, a laminating machine and a vacuum edge sealing furnace; the vacuum edge sealing furnace is characterized in that the devices are connected into a line, vacuum glass is produced in batch, automatically, mechanically and continuously according to the same beat, and the vacuum edge sealing furnace is provided with a heating system, a vacuum system, a pressurizing system and a cooling system; wherein,
the vacuum system forms a vacuum layer between the upper glass and the lower glass; the heating system enables the solidified glass solder on the upper glass and the lower glass to be softened again; the pressurizing system is used for pressurizing the upper glass and the lower glass after the glass is combined, so that the solidified isolating strips on the upper glass and the lower glass are pressed into the corresponding softened glass solders, so that the softened glass solders on the upper glass and the lower glass are mutually fused together through the newly formed surfaces, and the edge sealing of the vacuum glass is realized; the cooling system reduces the temperature of the vacuum glass to room temperature.
The following examples are further provided to illustrate the excellent results of the manufacturing process and the production line based on the manufacturing process, but the disclosure of the present invention is not limited to the following examples.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1, 2 and 3, the vacuum glass is composed of an upper glass 1 and a lower glass 2, and is manufactured by the following method: firstly, cutting two pieces of flat glass with required size according to the shape and size of the manufactured vacuum glass, and edging, chamfering, cleaning and drying the flat glass; secondly, preparing a support 5 on the upper glass 1 by using a glass glaze and a dispensing machine, uniformly coating a glass solder 3 on the periphery of the sealing surface of the two pieces of glass by using the dispensing machine, and preparing two isolating strips 4 on two sides of the glass solder 3 by using the glass glaze and the dispensing machine respectively; the supports 5 are distributed in a lattice mode that the minimum unit is a regular triangle, the side length of the triangle is 40-50mm, and the diameter of the supports 5 is approximately hemispherical after sintering and curing and is about 0.6 mm; the width of the glass solder 3 is about 2mm, the height of the glass solder is about 2mm, the width of the isolating bar 4 after sintering and solidification is about 2mm, the height of the isolating bar 4 is about 0.2mm, and the central distance between the two isolating bars 4 is about 8 mm; then, respectively sending the two pieces of glass into a drying furnace for drying, respectively sending the two pieces of glass into a toughening furnace for toughening treatment after drying, and sintering the prepared support 5, the prepared isolating strip 4 and the coated glass solder 3 on the glass; after tempering, the two pieces of glass enter a sheet combining chamber without being cooled and are kept at the temperature of about 200 ℃, a getter is placed on the lower glass 2, and the two pieces of glass are sent into a vacuum edge sealing furnace after being combined; finally, vacuumizing in a vacuum edge sealing furnace, heating the glass solders 3 on the two pieces of glass by using a near infrared heater, vacuumizing to below 0.01Pa, heating to the softening temperature of the glass solders 3 of 320-360 ℃, simultaneously activating the getter at high temperature and high vacuum, pressurizing the two pieces of glass by using a pressurizing system in the vacuum edge sealing furnace, and fusing the glass solders 3 on the two pieces of glass together under the actions of gravity, external pressure and extrusion of the isolating strip 4 so as to seal a vacuum layer formed between the two pieces of glass; stopping heating, breaking the air and cooling, and welding the two pieces of glass together in an airtight manner by the glass solder 3 to obtain the required tempered vacuum glass.
Example 2:
referring to fig. 4, the vacuum glass is composed of an upper glass 1 and a lower glass 2, and the manufacturing method thereof is as follows: various devices are connected into a continuous automatic production line, firstly, a cutting machine cuts two pieces of flat glass with required size according to the shape and size of the manufactured vacuum glass, secondly, an edge grinding machine carries out edge grinding and chamfering, and a cleaning machine carries out cleaning and drying; coating a glass solder 3 and two isolating bars 4 on the upper glass 1 and coating a glass solder 3 and three isolating bars 4 on the lower glass 2 by a dispenser; each glass solder 3 is about 3mm in width and about 2mm in height, each isolating bar 4 is about 1.5mm in width and about 0.5mm in height after being sintered and solidified, and the distance between the centers of two adjacent isolating bars 4 is about 6 mm; then the two pieces of glass enter a drying furnace for drying, the two pieces of glass enter a tempering furnace for tempering after drying, and the prepared parting strips 4 and the coated glass solder 3 are sintered on the glass; the two pieces of toughened glass enter a laminating chamber without being cooled and keeping the temperature at about 300 ℃, and a getter and a support 5 are placed on the lower glass 2, wherein the getter is a non-evaporable getter, the support 5 is distributed in a lattice manner that the minimum unit is a square, the side length of the square is 50-70mm, and the support 5 is a small square made of sapphire glass, and the side length of the square is 0.6 mm; finally, the two pieces of glass are combined and enter a vacuum edge sealing furnace; the vacuum edge sealing furnace comprises a pre-pumping chamber, a vacuum chamber, a heating chamber, a press sealing chamber, a breaking chamber, a cooling chamber and the like, wherein the glass solder 3 on the two pieces of glass is heated by a near infrared heater while being pumped in the vacuum edge sealing furnace; vacuumizing a cavity between two pieces of glass to be below 0.01Pa by a pre-vacuumizing chamber and a vacuum chamber, heating the glass solder 3 to the softening temperature of 350-400 ℃ by the heating chamber, simultaneously activating a getter under high temperature and high vacuum, pressurizing the two pieces of glass by utilizing a pressurizing system in a press sealing chamber, and fusing the glass solder 3 on the two pieces of glass together under the extrusion action of gravity, external pressure and an isolating strip 4 so as to seal a vacuum layer formed between the two pieces of glass; the vacuum glass after edge sealing enters the vacuum chamber from the pressure sealing chamber, the vacuum chamber is gradually broken, the glass solder 3 is not completely solidified at the moment, and the upper glass 1 and the lower glass 2 can be continuously pressurized by utilizing the atmospheric pressure in the process of breaking the vacuum until the two ends of all the supports 5 are respectively abutted against the upper glass 1 and the lower glass 2; and the vacuum glass enters a cooling chamber from the vacuum breaking chamber to be cooled by air cooling, the glass solder 3 is completely solidified after cooling, the upper glass 1 and the lower glass 2 are welded together in an airtight manner, and the temperature is reduced to room temperature to obtain the required tempered vacuum glass.
The embodiments in the present description are described in a progressive manner, each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other. The device disclosed by the embodiment corresponds to the method disclosed by the embodiment, so that the description is simple, and the relevant points can be referred to the method part for description.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (10)
1. A tempered vacuum glass is characterized by comprising a glass substrate, glass solder, a spacing strip and a support; wherein, the periphery of the glass substrate is provided with at least one continuous glass solder; the two sides of the glass solder are respectively provided with a spacing strip made of glass glaze, and the glass glaze can be sintered and solidified at high temperature of the toughening furnace; the glass substrate consists of upper glass and lower glass, and a closed vacuum layer is formed between the upper glass and the lower glass; a support is arranged in the vacuum layer, and two ends of the support are respectively abutted against the upper glass and the lower glass;
the tempered vacuum glass is obtained by pre-sintering the glass solder and the isolating strips on the glass substrate, then heating the glass substrate to the softening temperature of the glass solder in vacuum, and finally pressurizing the glass substrate to enable the upper glass and the lower glass to be subjected to vacuum edge sealing at the softening temperature.
2. The tempered vacuum glass as claimed in claim 1, wherein the glass solder on the glass substrate and the parting strip correspond to each other, the glass solder is a low-temperature glass solder with low softening temperature and high viscosity, and can be softened again by heating to the softening temperature after being processed at a high temperature of 650-700 ℃ and cooled to solidify, and the softening temperature of the glass solder is 300-380 ℃.
3. The tempered vacuum glass as claimed in claim 2, wherein the spacers on the upper glass and the lower glass are staggered with each other, the spacers are made of glass glaze or ceramic glaze or glass ink, the sintering temperature is 650-700 ℃, the temperature is suitable for the heating temperature of a tempering furnace, and the tempered vacuum glass can be sintered and cured in the tempering furnace.
4. The tempered vacuum glass as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the glass solder and the spacer are formed into a paste by using varnish, and the solder and the spacer are manually or mechanically coated on the surface of the upper glass or the lower glass.
5. The method for manufacturing tempered vacuum glass according to claim 1, wherein the method specifically comprises the following steps:
preparing a glass substrate: cutting two pieces of flat glass with required size according to the shape and size of the vacuum glass to be manufactured, and then performing edge grinding, chamfering, cleaning and drying treatment on the flat glass to obtain two glass substrates, namely upper glass and lower glass;
coating glass solder and parting strip: preparing a support on at least one of the two glass substrates obtained by the treatment in the step (1), uniformly coating one or two glass solders on the periphery of the sealing surface of the glass substrate, and preparing isolating strips on two sides of the glass solders respectively;
drying and toughening treatment: respectively drying the glass substrates coated with the glass solder and the isolating strips in the step (2), and directly performing high-temperature quenching toughening treatment without cooling to obtain toughened glass integrated with the support, the isolating strips and the glass solder;
sheet combining and edge sealing: and (4) directly laminating the two pieces of toughened glass obtained in the step (3) without cooling, and then carrying out vacuum edge sealing to obtain the toughened vacuum glass disclosed by the invention.
6. The method for manufacturing tempered vacuum glass according to claim 5, wherein the step (2) is further replaced by the following steps: coating glass solder and parting strip: uniformly coating one or two glass solders on the periphery of the sealing surface of the two glass substrates obtained by the treatment in the step (1), and respectively preparing isolating strips on two sides of the glass solders;
correspondingly, the drying and toughening treatment in the step (3): respectively drying the glass substrates coated with the glass solder and the isolating strips in the step (2), and directly performing high-temperature quenching tempering treatment without cooling to obtain tempered glass integrated with the isolating strips and the glass solder;
and (4) sheet combining and edge sealing: and (4) placing a support on the lower glass of the two pieces of toughened glass obtained in the step (3), then directly laminating without cooling, and finally carrying out vacuum edge sealing to obtain the toughened vacuum glass disclosed by the invention.
7. The method as claimed in claim 5 or 6, wherein a closed vacuum layer is formed between the upper glass and the lower glass in the vacuum edge sealing step, and the pressure of the vacuum layer is controlled to be less than 0.1 Pa.
8. The method as claimed in claim 5 or 6, wherein the support is made of metal, ceramic, glass or high temperature plastic, and the shape of the support is point, strip, line or grid, and the specification parameters of the support are determined by the shape.
9. The method for manufacturing tempered vacuum glass according to claim 5 or 6, wherein the glass substrate is one or a combination of any two of ordinary glass, ultra-white glass, low emissivity glass, wired glass, rolled glass and hot melt glass.
10. A production line based on the manufacturing method of the toughened vacuum glass comprises a cutting machine, an edge grinding machine, a cleaning machine, a glue dispenser, a drying machine, a toughening furnace, a laminating machine and a vacuum edge sealing furnace; the vacuum edge sealing furnace is characterized in that the devices are connected into a line, vacuum glass is produced in batch, automatically, mechanically and continuously according to the same beat, and the vacuum edge sealing furnace is provided with a heating system, a vacuum system, a pressurizing system and a cooling system; wherein,
the vacuum system enables a vacuum layer to be formed between the upper glass and the lower glass; the heating system re-softens the solidified glass solder on the upper glass and the lower glass; and the pressurizing system is used for pressurizing the upper glass and the lower glass after the glass is combined, so that the solidified isolating strips on the upper glass and the lower glass are pressed into the corresponding softened glass solders, so that the softened glass solders on the upper glass and the lower glass are mutually fused through newly formed surfaces, and the edge sealing of the vacuum glass is realized.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113844127A (en) * | 2021-10-25 | 2021-12-28 | 青岛莫仑矿业有限公司 | Aerogel vacuum glass and preparation process thereof |
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| CN113844127A (en) * | 2021-10-25 | 2021-12-28 | 青岛莫仑矿业有限公司 | Aerogel vacuum glass and preparation process thereof |
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Application publication date: 20210511 |