CN112776897A - Composite material access hole cover plate for automobile - Google Patents
Composite material access hole cover plate for automobile Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN112776897A CN112776897A CN202011597146.0A CN202011597146A CN112776897A CN 112776897 A CN112776897 A CN 112776897A CN 202011597146 A CN202011597146 A CN 202011597146A CN 112776897 A CN112776897 A CN 112776897A
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- Prior art keywords
- cover plate
- composite material
- reinforcing ribs
- automobile
- access hole
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- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000004416 thermosoftening plastic Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000000748 compression moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims 2
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 abstract 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 17
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 13
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 10
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001746 injection moulding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003562 lightweight material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000013585 weight reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241001391944 Commicarpus scandens Species 0.000 description 1
- 229910000861 Mg alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010923 batch production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000037237 body shape Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000001503 joint Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011208 reinforced composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
- B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
- B62D25/00—Superstructure or monocoque structure sub-units; Parts or details thereof not otherwise provided for
- B62D25/24—Superstructure sub-units with access or drainage openings having movable or removable closures; Sealing means therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
- B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
- B62D29/00—Superstructures, understructures, or sub-units thereof, characterised by the material thereof
- B62D29/04—Superstructures, understructures, or sub-units thereof, characterised by the material thereof predominantly of synthetic material
- B62D29/043—Superstructures
Abstract
The invention discloses a composite material access hole cover plate for an automobile, wherein two connecting lugs are respectively arranged on one long edge and two short edges of the cover plate, and two clamping blocks are arranged on the other long edge; the cover plate main body is made of chopped glass fiber thermoplastic composite materials, continuous and criss-cross reinforcing ribs are arranged on the back of the cover plate, the reinforcing ribs of the middle part of the cover plate are densely distributed, and the reinforcing ribs of the peripheral part of the cover plate are loosely distributed. The cover plate is reasonable in structure and simple in preparation process, the chopped glass fiber thermoplastic composite material serving as a main preparation material has the advantages of light weight, low cost and high plasticity, and the continuous and criss-cross reinforcing rib arrangement pattern on the back of the cover plate is matched, so that the cover plate is remarkable in light weight effect and high in engineering application value.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of design and manufacture of automobile parts, and particularly relates to a composite material access hole cover plate for an automobile.
Background
With the continuous development of the automobile industry, the light weight design of the part structure is concerned by people. The cover plate is a closed plate structure which is positioned at the rear part in the automobile body and is mainly used for overhauling automobile parts.
The utility model discloses a passenger train access hole apron is disclosed for CN204021020U, the apron body adopts the aluminium casting shaping, including the side cover plate that is used for sealing the side access hole of L shape access hole and the horizontal cover plate that is used for sealing the horizontal access hole of L shape access hole, the side cover plate openly is provided with the handle that is used for the dismouting apron with the horizontal cover plate back, there is not the gap in the junction of two parts apron, thereby can reduce the noise that spreads into in the carriage into, improve and take the comfort level, but the L shape aluminium system access hole apron weight that does not have the gap in this kind of junction is great, be not conform to the target of lightweight design.
The invention patent with publication number CN109955915A discloses a structure frame convenient for overhauling an automobile, which comprises a floor support plate and an access opening cover plate, wherein the floor support plate and the access opening cover plate are fixedly connected through a metal column. Wherein, the access hole apron is hollow structure, inside from the top down has set gradually mesh aluminum plate, thermal-insulated foam metal layer and baffle, and the heat dissipation chamber is connected with the metal heat conductor, can strengthen the structural strength of the whole structure frame of being convenient for overhaul the car, and carry out powerful support to access hole apron door and the timber apron that sets up in engine access hole top, can carry out the heat dissipation of a system through metal heat conductor and heat dissipation chamber to the heat of engine, be favorable to the maintenance to the engine this moment through mesh aluminum plate and thermal-insulated foam metal layer side, the structural strength and the engine heat dissipation problem of the fender bracket of overhaul the car are considered in this design, can improve maintenance efficiency, but the structure is more complicated, and adopt metal material, do not consider the lightweight problem equally.
The access hole cover plate structure disclosed in the prior art does not reduce the weight of the access hole cover plate structure as much as possible while ensuring the strength requirement. Therefore, there is a need for a composite material access panel that meets both weight reduction and strength requirements.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a composite material access hole cover plate for an automobile, which is simple in structure and convenient and fast to prepare, realizes the design goal of light weight while ensuring the rigidity of the cover plate structure, and has higher engineering application value.
The invention is realized by the following steps: a composite material access hole cover plate for an automobile is characterized in that two connecting lugs are respectively arranged on one long edge and two short edges of the cover plate, and two clamping blocks are arranged on the other long edge; the cover plate main body is made of chopped glass fiber thermoplastic composite materials, continuous and criss-cross reinforcing ribs are arranged on the back of the cover plate, the reinforcing ribs of the middle part of the cover plate are densely distributed, and the reinforcing ribs of the peripheral part of the cover plate are loosely distributed.
Furthermore, the connecting lugs on the two short sides are correspondingly arranged, bolt holes are formed in the connecting lugs, three mounting through holes are formed in the surface of the cover plate, and the centers of the three mounting through holes are located on the same straight line.
Further, the cover plate is manufactured by a compression molding process.
Furthermore, the upper surface of engaging lug is flushed with the apron upper surface, and the engaging lug is 4mm thick.
Furthermore, four corners of the cover plate are all in arc transition.
Has the advantages that:
1. the composite material access hole cover plate for the automobile is reasonable in structure, is made of chopped glass fiber thermoplastic composite materials, and is light in weight, low in cost and high in plasticity compared with the traditional metal materials;
2. the composite material access hole cover plate for the automobile is prepared by adopting a compression molding process, has simple equipment, is convenient to operate, has low cost and is suitable for mass production;
3. compared with the common metal material cover plate, the composite material access hole cover plate for the automobile has the advantages of better material performance, obvious light weight effect and higher engineering application value.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic front view of a composite material access panel for an automobile according to an embodiment;
FIG. 2 is a schematic rear view of a composite material access panel for an automobile according to a first embodiment;
FIG. 3 is a schematic front view of a composite material access panel for an automobile according to the first comparative example;
FIG. 4 is a schematic rear view of a composite access panel for an automobile according to the first comparative example;
FIG. 5 is a schematic front view of a composite material access panel for an automobile provided in comparative example II;
FIG. 6 is a schematic rear view of a composite access panel for an automobile provided in comparative example II;
FIG. 7 is a schematic front view of a composite material access panel and a bracket for an automobile in a connected state;
FIG. 8 is a schematic cross-sectional front view of a composite access panel and a bracket for an automobile in a connected state;
the structure comprises a cover plate 1, a connecting lug 2, a clamping block 3, a bolt hole 4, a mounting through hole 5 and a reinforcing rib 6.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of the preferred embodiments of the present invention is provided to enable those skilled in the art to more readily understand the advantages and features of the present invention, and to clearly and unequivocally define the scope of the present invention.
Example 1
In order to reach the lightweight purpose of apron in the time of guaranteeing structural strength, disclose a combined material access hole apron for car in this embodiment, apron 1 main part is the rectangle, be equipped with two engaging lugs 2 on a long limit of apron 1 and two minor faces respectively, be equipped with two fixture blocks 3 on another long limit and be used for being connected with the draw-in groove joint on the support, the corresponding setting of engaging lug 2 on two minor faces, be equipped with bolt hole 4 on engaging lug 2, utilize the bolt to correspond engaging lug 2 on the apron 1 with the support and be connected, be provided with three installation via hole 5 at apron 1 upper surface, the center of three installation via hole 5 is on a straight line.
In order to reduce the overall quality of the cover plate, the present embodiment selects a novel lightweight material, the lightweight material is mainly divided into a metal material (high-strength steel, magnesium alloy, aluminum alloy, etc.) and a composite material, and the composite material has been accepted by the automobile technology industry because of the characteristics of flexible design, corrosion resistance, fatigue resistance, excellent mechanical properties, etc. Among them, the glass fiber reinforced composite material is a material having excellent performance and wide application, and further considering requirements in terms of cost, manufacturing process, and the like, in this embodiment, a chopped glass fiber thermoplastic composite material (GFRTP) having light weight, strong plasticity, good fatigue resistance, and low price is finally selected as a main material of the cover plate instead of the original metal material.
However, since the chopped GFRTP is adopted in the embodiment, the elastic modulus of the material is about 5.5Gpa and is much lower than that of a common metal material, for example, the elastic modulus of 6082 aluminum alloy material is about 60Gpa, so that a high requirement is made on the overall rigidity design of the chopped GFRTP access cover plate.
The rigidity of the part is not only related to the elastic modulus of the material, but also related to factors such as the structure, the section shape and the thickness of the part. The bending stiffness of the part is expressed as EI, where E is the modulus of elasticity and I is the cross-sectional area moment of inertia of the part. The factor that influences the stiffness of the part in the case of a defined modulus of elasticity is the section moment of inertia I.
For example, the equation for the moment of inertia of the rectangle is as follows:
wherein a is the width of the rectangular section; b is the length of the rectangular section; a is the area of the cross section; y is the position coordinate of the bin dA. From the formula, the moment of inertia of a rectangular-section part is proportional to the section length and width. Therefore, according to the equivalent stiffness design principle, when the thickness of the part is doubled, the stiffness of the part is increased by a cubic factor under the condition that other factors are not changed.
According to the equivalent rigidity design principle, in order to meet the rigidity requirement of the access hole cover plate, the mode of increasing the thickness of the cover plate can be certainly selected to be realized, but the GFRTP cover plate has overlarge mass by increasing the thickness of the cover plate once, and the lightweight design requirement cannot be realized. Therefore, considering the deformation and structural strength requirements of the cover plate when loaded, the embodiment selects to design the reinforcing ribs 6 on the back of the cover plate 1, thereby ensuring that the cover plate 1 meets the strength requirements while the thickness is reduced, the embodiment selects a continuous and criss-cross arrangement mode on the back of the cover plate 1 when the reinforcing ribs 6 are arranged, so as to obtain larger weight reduction, the distribution of the reinforcing ribs 6 is not uniform, the middle is used as a main stress area, the reinforcing ribs 6 are densely distributed, the periphery is used as a non-main stress area, the distribution of the reinforcing ribs 6 is loose, specifically, the interval width b of the reinforcing ribs in the dense area can be set to be 18mm, and the interval width a of the reinforcing ribs in the loose area is 36.
The composite material thermoplastic part forming process mainly comprises compression molding, injection molding, fiber winding, pultrusion and the like. However, the fiber winding molding can only mold cylindrical and spherical rotors, while the pultrusion molding can only produce finished product of line profile, and both of the processes are not suitable for manufacturing access cover plates. Because mould pressing type GFRTP has higher tensile, impact strength and elastic modulus, compression molding's equipment is simple moreover, convenient operation, and injection moulding's mould cost is very high, and the goods shaping back, it is comparatively troublesome to clear up the mould, is unfavorable for batch production. Therefore, the embodiment finally adopts the compression molding process to manufacture the access cover plate, has low cost and simple operation, and is suitable for mass production. In addition, the reinforcing ribs 6 designed on the back surface of the cover plate 1 disclosed in the embodiment are in a vertically and horizontally continuous reinforcing rib structure, so that compared with reinforcing ribs with more dislocation, fibers are not easy to break during compression molding, and the molding is better.
Except the reinforcing ribs at the butt joint part of the bracket and the transition area, the height of the reinforcing ribs 6 at the rest positions on the back surface of the cover plate main body is 5mm, the reinforcing ribs 6 at the edge part of the back surface of the cover plate 1 are 2mm for avoiding position interference with the bracket at the back surface of the cover plate 1, and the width of the reinforcing ribs is 2 mm.
The overall shape of the cover plate 1 is a rectangular body, specifically 468mm in length, 320mm in width and 2mm in thickness.
In order to prevent the structure of the connecting lug 2 from being damaged when the connecting lug 2 is punched, the connecting lug 2 is designed into a structure with the upper surface flush with the upper surface of the cover plate 1, and the thickness of the connecting lug is 4 mm.
In order to facilitate demoulding after forming, four corners of the cover plate 1 are in arc transition, and the cover plate is structurally designed with a drawing angle of 3 degrees.
The deformation displacement of the access hole cover plate designed in the embodiment is 0.64mm, and the difference between the deformation displacement of the access hole cover plate and the deformation displacement of the 5052 aluminum alloy cover plate of 0.43mm is not large in the maximum deformation displacement (1mm) allowed by the cover plate, so that the deformation displacement can be ignored, and the performance requirement under the working condition of barrel pressure is met.
Comparative example 1
The main body shape of the access panel provided in this comparative example was the same as that of example one, and the length and width dimensions were the same as those of the 5052 aluminum alloy panel, namely 468mm in length and 320mm in width, respectively. The dimensions around the bolt holes on the lugs on the cover plate and around the mounting vias remain unchanged. The cover plate is made of GFRTP material, considering that the modulus of GFRTP is smaller than that of aluminum alloy, the thickness of the GFRTP cover plate is increased to 2mm (the thickness of the 5052 aluminum alloy cover plate is 1.5mm), the difference with the first embodiment is that uneven discontinuous reinforcing ribs are designed on the upper surface of the cover plate, a continuous criss-cross reinforcing rib structure is arranged on the back surface of the cover plate, the height of the reinforcing ribs is 5mm (the height of the 5052 aluminum alloy cover plate reinforcing ribs is 3mm), the width of the reinforcing ribs is 2mm, after being verified by finite element analysis software, the GFRTP cover plate cannot meet the performance requirement under the barrel pressure working condition, and the maximum deformation displacement exceeds the maximum deformation displacement allowed by the cover plate by 1 mm.
Comparative example No. two
The structure of the access hole cover plate disclosed by the comparative example is further improved based on the structure disclosed by the comparative example I, the reinforcing ribs on the upper surface of the GFRTP cover plate are the same as the reinforcing ribs of the comparative example I, the reinforcing ribs are designed on the back surface of the cover plate to improve the rigidity of the cover plate, the height of the reinforcing ribs is 5mm, the width of the reinforcing ribs is 2mm, the reinforcing ribs are unevenly and discontinuously distributed, tests show that the structural rigidity of the cover plate disclosed by the comparative example II is obviously better than that of the cover plate prepared by the comparative example I, and the reinforcing ribs designed on the back surface of the cover plate have an effect on improving the rigidity of the cover plate. After being verified by finite element analysis, the maximum deformation displacement of the cover plate prepared in the comparative example is reduced relative to that of the cover plate prepared in the comparative example, but the maximum deformation displacement allowed by the cover plate is still exceeded. In addition, the reinforcing ribs on the upper surfaces of the second comparative example and the first comparative example are designed to be similar to the structures formed by stamping metal plates, and do not meet the structural design requirements of thermoplastic parts.
It can be known from the cover plate structures disclosed in the first embodiment and the two comparative examples that the reinforcing ribs are designed on the back of the cover plate, so that the rigidity is improved, and the deformation displacement of the cover plate is reduced, but the reinforcing ribs of any structure are not designed to achieve the same technical effect as the first embodiment, and the reinforcing ribs with continuous and criss-cross structures are designed to be creative improvements provided by the applicant after repeated attempts, design and data acquisition and summarization, so that the cover plate structure is beneficial to meeting the performance requirements under the barrel pressure working condition on the premise of achieving the purpose of light weight of the cover plate.
The above description is only an embodiment of the present invention, and not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all modifications of equivalent structures and equivalent processes performed by the present specification and drawings, or directly or indirectly applied to other related technical fields, are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. The composite material access hole cover plate for the automobile is characterized in that two connecting lugs are respectively arranged on one long edge and two short edges of the cover plate, and two clamping blocks are arranged on the other long edge; the cover plate main body is made of chopped glass fiber thermoplastic composite materials, continuous and criss-cross reinforcing ribs are arranged on the back of the cover plate, the reinforcing ribs in the middle of the cover plate are densely distributed, and the reinforcing ribs in the peripheral part of the cover plate are loosely distributed.
2. The composite material manhole cover plate for an automobile according to claim 1, wherein the coupling lugs on the two short sides are disposed correspondingly, the coupling lugs are provided with bolt holes, and the cover plate is provided with three mounting through holes on the upper surface thereof, the centers of the three mounting through holes being aligned.
3. A composite material manhole cover plate for an automobile according to claim 2, wherein the cover plate is manufactured by a compression molding process.
4. A composite material access panel for an automobile as claimed in claim 3 in which the upper surface of the engaging lug is flush with the upper surface of the panel and the engaging lug is 4mm thick.
5. The composite material manhole cover plate for automobiles according to claim 4, wherein four corners of the cover plate are rounded transitions.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011597146.0A CN112776897A (en) | 2020-12-29 | 2020-12-29 | Composite material access hole cover plate for automobile |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011597146.0A CN112776897A (en) | 2020-12-29 | 2020-12-29 | Composite material access hole cover plate for automobile |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN112776897A true CN112776897A (en) | 2021-05-11 |
Family
ID=75751450
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011597146.0A Pending CN112776897A (en) | 2020-12-29 | 2020-12-29 | Composite material access hole cover plate for automobile |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN112776897A (en) |
Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH07309259A (en) * | 1994-05-17 | 1995-11-28 | Kawasaki Heavy Ind Ltd | Resin made cover for industrial vehicle |
| CN203402287U (en) * | 2013-08-30 | 2014-01-22 | 安徽江淮汽车股份有限公司 | Oil pump service port cover |
| CN204077825U (en) * | 2014-04-28 | 2015-01-07 | 广州阿旺斯复合材料技术有限公司 | Motorcoach composite material maintenance lid |
| CN205273637U (en) * | 2015-10-27 | 2016-06-01 | 中航复合材料有限责任公司 | Cabin cover before combined material passenger car |
| CN206012747U (en) * | 2016-08-30 | 2017-03-15 | 重庆长安汽车股份有限公司 | A kind of fuel tank access panel |
| CN110157144A (en) * | 2018-02-26 | 2019-08-23 | 湖南三合汽车新材料有限公司 | A kind of new-energy automobile battery box cover and preparation method thereof |
| CN111619504A (en) * | 2020-05-28 | 2020-09-04 | 江苏理工学院 | Automobile composite pedestrian protection beam |
| CN211568119U (en) * | 2020-02-17 | 2020-09-25 | 威马智慧出行科技（上海）有限公司 | Sealed apron and vehicle of instrument dismouting exempt from |
-
2020
- 2020-12-29 CN CN202011597146.0A patent/CN112776897A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH07309259A (en) * | 1994-05-17 | 1995-11-28 | Kawasaki Heavy Ind Ltd | Resin made cover for industrial vehicle |
| CN203402287U (en) * | 2013-08-30 | 2014-01-22 | 安徽江淮汽车股份有限公司 | Oil pump service port cover |
| CN204077825U (en) * | 2014-04-28 | 2015-01-07 | 广州阿旺斯复合材料技术有限公司 | Motorcoach composite material maintenance lid |
| CN205273637U (en) * | 2015-10-27 | 2016-06-01 | 中航复合材料有限责任公司 | Cabin cover before combined material passenger car |
| CN206012747U (en) * | 2016-08-30 | 2017-03-15 | 重庆长安汽车股份有限公司 | A kind of fuel tank access panel |
| CN110157144A (en) * | 2018-02-26 | 2019-08-23 | 湖南三合汽车新材料有限公司 | A kind of new-energy automobile battery box cover and preparation method thereof |
| CN211568119U (en) * | 2020-02-17 | 2020-09-25 | 威马智慧出行科技（上海）有限公司 | Sealed apron and vehicle of instrument dismouting exempt from |
| CN111619504A (en) * | 2020-05-28 | 2020-09-04 | 江苏理工学院 | Automobile composite pedestrian protection beam |
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