CN112774062B - Vehicle-mounted battery fire extinguishing protection system and fire extinguishing protection method - Google Patents
Vehicle-mounted battery fire extinguishing protection system and fire extinguishing protection method Download PDFInfo
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- CN112774062B CN112774062B CN201911077971.5A CN201911077971A CN112774062B CN 112774062 B CN112774062 B CN 112774062B CN 201911077971 A CN201911077971 A CN 201911077971A CN 112774062 B CN112774062 B CN 112774062B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C3/00—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places
- A62C3/07—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places in vehicles, e.g. in road vehicles
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C3/00—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places
- A62C3/16—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places in electrical installations, e.g. cableways
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C31/00—Delivery of fire-extinguishing material
- A62C31/02—Nozzles specially adapted for fire-extinguishing
- A62C31/05—Nozzles specially adapted for fire-extinguishing with two or more outlets
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C37/00—Control of fire-fighting equipment
- A62C37/04—Control of fire-fighting equipment with electrically-controlled release
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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Abstract
The invention discloses a vehicle-mounted battery fire extinguishing protection system, which comprises: a plurality of sets of temperature sensors that detect the temperature of each battery cell in the vehicle-mounted battery; a spraying device that sprays an inert gas or a fire extinguishing agent to the battery cell; the controller is in communication connection with the multiple groups of temperature sensors and the injection device, and triggers the primary protection action and closes the secondary protection action when the maximum temperature values detected by the multiple groups of temperature sensors are greater than or equal to a first temperature value and less than a second temperature value; when the maximum temperature value is greater than or equal to the second temperature value, the controller closes the primary protection action and triggers the secondary protection action; and when the maximum temperature value is less than the first temperature value, the controller closes the primary protection action and the secondary protection action. The invention also discloses a vehicle-mounted battery fire extinguishing protection method. The invention can timely find and automatically make effective emergency action when the vehicle-mounted battery is abnormal by carrying out graded protection action on different temperatures of the battery unit.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of vehicle-mounted battery safety guarantee, in particular to a vehicle-mounted battery fire extinguishing protection system and a vehicle-mounted battery fire extinguishing protection method.
Background
The electric vehicle brings great convenience to people since the advent, is environment-friendly and meets the requirements of sustainable development. Accordingly, the technical attention in the field of electric vehicles is increasing worldwide. However, with the widespread use of electric vehicles, accidents such as collision fire and spontaneous combustion are common, and lithium battery electric vehicles are the most typical.
The safety of the battery of the electric vehicle comprises the intrinsic safety and emergency protection of the battery. The intrinsic safety of a battery is related to the physical structure and principle of the battery itself, and the battery intrinsic safety technology is mainly generated around the battery failure mode. There are currently many techniques for intrinsic safety of batteries. When the lithium ion battery is short-circuited and thermally out of control, is at high temperature, and is extruded, punctured or impacted by external force, the battery is easy to thermally expand to cause explosion and combustion. In the emergent protection technology of battery spontaneous combustion, lack the emergent protection technology of putting out a fire fast to on-vehicle battery spontaneous combustion, can be in the initial stage that on-vehicle battery spontaneous combustion occurence of failure, the dangerous condition of a fire is effectively handled, and emergent processing is accomplished to high efficiency, low cost, the continuation of the life safety of personnel and electric motor car in the guarantee car is used. In addition, the vehicle-mounted battery is generally arranged at the bottom in the vehicle, and after the vehicle-mounted battery catches fire, the vehicle-mounted battery belongs to 'internal fire', and the common fire extinguishing method does not work.
The information disclosed in this background section is only for enhancement of understanding of the general background of the invention and should not be taken as an acknowledgement or any form of suggestion that this information forms the prior art already known to a person skilled in the art.
Disclosure of Invention
One of the purposes of the invention is to provide a vehicle-mounted battery fire-extinguishing protection system and a fire-extinguishing protection method, so that the reaction speed and efficiency of vehicle-mounted battery emergency protection in the prior art are improved, and the safety of personnel and vehicles is guaranteed.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a fire extinguishing protection system and a fire extinguishing protection method for a vehicle-mounted battery, so as to reduce the cost and resource waste of emergency protection for the vehicle-mounted battery in the prior art.
To achieve one or more of the above objects, according to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a vehicle-mounted battery fire-extinguishing protection system including: a plurality of sets of temperature sensors that detect the temperature of each battery cell in the vehicle-mounted battery; a spraying device that sprays an inert gas or a fire extinguishing agent to the battery cell; the controller is in communication connection with the multiple groups of temperature sensors and the injection device, a first temperature value and a second temperature value are preset in the controller, the first temperature value is smaller than the second temperature value, and when the maximum temperature value detected by the multiple groups of temperature sensors is larger than or equal to the first temperature value and smaller than the second temperature value, the controller triggers a primary protection action and closes a secondary protection action; when the maximum temperature value is greater than or equal to the second temperature value, the controller closes the primary protection action and triggers the secondary protection action; and when the maximum temperature value is less than the first temperature value, the controller closes the primary protection action and the secondary protection action.
Further, among the above-mentioned technical scheme, on-vehicle battery fire extinguishing protection system still includes: the deformation sensors are used for detecting deformation of each battery unit and are in communication connection with the controller, a deformation threshold value is preset in the controller, and when the deformation detected by at least one of the deformation sensors is larger than the deformation threshold value, the controller closes the primary protection action and the secondary protection action and triggers the tertiary protection action.
Further, in the above technical solution, the spraying device is provided with a plurality of nozzles, each nozzle corresponds to one battery cell, and the controller controls the plurality of nozzles individually.
Further, in the technical scheme, the injection device adopts the same pipeline to inject inert gas and fire extinguishing agent.
Further, in the above technical solution, the primary protection action includes sending an alarm signal and spraying an inert gas to the target battery unit, the secondary protection action includes sending an alarm signal and spraying a fire extinguishing agent to the target battery unit, the tertiary protection action includes sending an alarm signal and spraying a fire extinguishing agent to the target battery unit, and the target battery unit is a battery unit having a temperature greater than or equal to a first temperature value and a battery unit having a deformation amount greater than or equal to the deformation threshold value.
Further, in the above technical scheme, the first temperature value is 145-155 ℃, the second temperature value is 190-210 ℃, and the deformation threshold value is 9% -12%.
Further, in the above technical solution, the temperature sensor and the deformation sensor are disposed on the case of the battery cell and correspond to the electrolyte loading region of the battery cell.
Further, in the above technical solution, the number of each group of temperature sensors is at least two; the number of each group of deformation sensors is at least two.
Further, in the above technical scheme, the inert gas is nitrogen, the injection device is connected with a nitrogen cylinder, the filling pressure of the nitrogen cylinder is 0.8-1.2 MPa, and the water volume is 25-35L.
Furthermore, in the technical scheme, the injection device is connected with a fire extinguishing agent bottle, the filling pressure of the fire extinguishing agent bottle is 0.8-1.2 MPa, and the water volume is 25-35L.
Further, in the technical scheme, the fire extinguishing agent is a foam fire extinguishing agent.
According to a second aspect of the present invention, the present invention provides a fire-extinguishing protection method for a vehicle-mounted battery, the method employs a fire-extinguishing protection system for a vehicle-mounted battery according to any one of the above technical solutions, the method at least includes the following steps: setting operation parameters of the controller, wherein the operation parameters comprise a first temperature value, a second temperature value, a primary protection action and a secondary protection action; detecting the temperature value of each battery unit; comparing the maximum temperature value with the first temperature value and the second temperature value; and triggering and/or closing the primary protection action and the secondary protection action according to the comparison result.
Further, in the above technical solution, the operation parameters further include a deformation threshold and a tertiary protection action, and the method further includes the following steps: detecting the deformation amount of each battery unit; comparing the maximum deformation amount with a deformation threshold value; and triggering the third-level protection action according to the comparison result, and closing the first-level protection action or the second-level protection action.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. through the grading protection action to the different temperatures of battery unit, can in time discover and make effective emergent action automatically when the on-vehicle battery appears unusually.
2. And protective action is carried out in a grading way, so that the inert gas and the fire extinguishing agent cannot be released and sprayed simultaneously, and the resource waste and the cost are reduced.
3. Each battery unit sets up the detector respectively, and injection apparatus's nozzle can the independent control to realize point-to-point effective injection, cover or keep apart, emergent protection efficiency is higher, and the effect is better.
4. Two conditions of temperature and deformation are adopted, and each battery unit is provided with a plurality of sensors for simultaneous monitoring, so that serious safety accidents are avoided.
The foregoing description is only an overview of the technical solutions of the present invention, and in order to make the technical means of the present invention more clearly understood and to make the technical means implementable in accordance with the content of the description, and to make the above and other objects, technical features, and advantages of the present invention more comprehensible, one or more preferred embodiments are listed below, and are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a vehicle-mounted battery fire suppression protection system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a layout view of a sensor on a battery cell according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a logic flow diagram of an on-board battery fire suppression protection system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Description of the main reference numerals:
10-battery cell, 11-electrolyte loading area, 20-sensor, 21-temperature sensor, 22-deformation sensor, 30-injection device, 31-nozzle, 32-injection valve, 33-pipeline, 41-nitrogen gas bottle, 411-nitrogen gas release valve, 42-fire extinguishing agent bottle, 421-fire extinguishing agent release valve, 50-controller.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of the present invention is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but it should be understood that the scope of the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments.
Throughout the specification and claims, unless explicitly stated otherwise, the word "comprise", or variations such as "comprises" or "comprising", will be understood to imply the inclusion of a stated element or component but not the exclusion of any other element or component.
Spatially relative terms, such as "below," "lower," "upper," "above," "upper," and the like, may be used herein for ease of description to describe one element or feature's relationship to another element or feature in the figures. It will be understood that the spatially relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations of the object in use or operation in addition to the orientation depicted in the figures. For example, if the items in the figures are turned over, elements described as "below" or "beneath" other elements or features would then be oriented "above" the elements or features. Thus, the exemplary term "below" can encompass both an orientation of below and above. The articles may be otherwise oriented (rotated 90 degrees or at other orientations) and the spatially relative terms used herein should be interpreted accordingly.
In this document, the terms "first", "second", etc. are used to distinguish two different elements or portions, and are not used to define a particular position or relative relationship. In other words, the terms "first," "second," and the like may also be interchanged with one another in some embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1, in a vehicle-mounted battery fire-extinguishing protection system according to an embodiment of the present invention, each battery unit 10 is provided with a set of sensors 20 for detecting state parameters of each battery unit 10, for example, the sensors 20 may be used for detecting temperature, deformation, etc. of the battery unit 10, and the present invention is not limited thereto. The fire extinguishing protection system for the vehicle-mounted battery of the present invention is provided with a spraying device 30, which is connected to an inert gas source and a fire extinguishing agent source, and is capable of spraying an inert gas or a fire extinguishing agent to the battery unit 10. The sensor 20 and the injection device 30 are communicatively connected to a controller 50. The controller 50 can receive the state parameters of the battery cells 10 detected by the sensor 20, and thereby control the ejection of the ejection device 30, for example, the ejection medium, the ejection amount, the ejection position, and the like.
Further, in one or more exemplary embodiments of the present invention, the sensor 20 includes a temperature sensor capable of individually detecting the temperature of each battery cell 10. As shown in fig. 2, a group of temperature sensors 21 may be provided on each battery cell 10, and each temperature sensor 21 may be provided at a different position. Preferably, but not limitatively, two temperature sensors 21 are provided on each battery cell 10, disposed at the electrolyte loading region 11 of the battery cell 10. It should be understood that the number and the arrangement positions of the temperature sensors 21 can be selected according to the actual situation, and the invention is not limited thereto. When a plurality of temperature sensors 21 are provided on one battery cell 10, the temperature of the battery cell 10 is based on the maximum value detected by the temperature sensors 21. In one or more embodiments of the present invention, the controller 50 may trigger an operation according to temperature in stages to protect the vehicle battery from a fire. For example, the controller 50 is preset with a first temperature value and a second temperature value, and the first temperature value is smaller than the second temperature value. When the maximum temperature value detected by the temperature sensor 21 is greater than or equal to the first temperature value and less than the second temperature value, the controller 50 triggers the primary protection action and closes the secondary protection action; when the maximum temperature value is greater than or equal to the second temperature value, the controller 50 closes the primary protection action and triggers the secondary protection action; when the maximum temperature value is less than the first temperature value, the controller 50 turns off the primary and secondary protection actions.
Further, in one or more exemplary embodiments of the present invention, the sensor 20 further includes deformation sensors capable of individually detecting the amount of deformation of the respective battery cells 10. As shown in fig. 2, a set of deformation sensors 22 may be provided on each battery cell 10, and each deformation sensor 22 is provided at a different position. Preferably, but not limitatively, two deformation sensors 22 are provided on each battery cell 10, disposed at the electrolyte loading region 11 of the battery cell 10. It should be understood that the number and the arrangement positions of the deformation sensors 22 can be selected according to the actual situation, and the invention is not limited thereto. When a plurality of deformation sensors 22 are provided on one battery cell 10, the deformation amount of the battery cell 10 is based on the maximum value detected by the deformation sensors 22. The multiple sets of deformation sensors 22 are in communication connection with the controller 50, the controller 50 presets a deformation threshold, and when the deformation amount detected by at least one of the multiple sets of deformation sensors 22 is greater than the deformation threshold, the controller 50 closes the primary protection action and the secondary protection action and triggers the tertiary protection action. When the deformation amount of the battery unit reaches a deformation threshold value, the dangerous case is indicated to have occurred and can not be reversed by spraying nitrogen or fire extinguishing agents, so that the three-stage protection action cannot be automatically closed once triggered, and manual measures must be taken.
Preferably, but not limitatively, in one or more exemplary embodiments of the invention, the inert gas in the vehicle battery fire-extinguishing protection system of the invention is nitrogen, and the fire-extinguishing agent is a foam fire-extinguishing agent. As shown in fig. 1, the injection device 30 is connected to a nitrogen gas cylinder 41, and the controller 50 controls the release of nitrogen gas through a nitrogen gas release valve 411. Illustratively, the filling pressure of the nitrogen gas cylinder 41 is 0.8 to 1.2MPa, and the water volume is 25 to 35L. The spraying device 30 is connected to the fire extinguishing agent bottle 42, and the controller 50 controls the release of the fire extinguishing agent through the fire extinguishing agent releasing valve 421. The filling pressure of the fire extinguishing agent bottle 42 is 0.8-1.2 MPa, and the water volume is 25-35L. The injection device 30 is provided with a plurality of nozzles 31, each nozzle 31 corresponding to one battery cell 10, and the controller 50 may individually control the injection of the plurality of nozzles 31 through the injection valve 32. Preferably, but not limitatively, the spraying device 30 uses the same line 33 for spraying the inert gas and for spraying the extinguishing agent, that is to say the inert gas and the extinguishing agent are not sprayed simultaneously, on the one hand, it is possible to select a suitable spraying medium according to the severity of the situation and, on the other hand, to save on the volume and the cost of the spraying device.
Further, in one or more exemplary embodiments of the present invention, the primary protection action includes transmitting an alarm signal and spraying an inert gas to the target battery cell, the secondary protection action includes transmitting an alarm signal and spraying a fire extinguishing agent to the target battery cell, the tertiary protection action includes transmitting an alarm signal and spraying a fire extinguishing agent to the target battery cell, and the target battery cell is the battery cell 10 having a temperature greater than or equal to a first temperature value or the battery cell 10 having a deformation amount greater than or equal to a deformation threshold value. Illustratively, the first temperature value is 145-155 ℃, the second temperature value is 190-210 ℃, and the deformation threshold value is 9% -12%.
Preferably, but not limitatively, in one or more exemplary embodiments of the invention, the inert gas is nitrogen, the fire extinguishing agent is a foam fire extinguishing agent, the first temperature value is 150 ℃, the second temperature value is 200 ℃, and the deformation threshold is 10%. Two temperature sensors 21 and two deformation sensors 22 are provided on each battery cell 10. The nitrogen and the foam suppressant are injected in the injection device 30 through the common line 33. The primary protection action comprises sending an alarm signal to a cab and spraying nitrogen to a target battery unit 10, the secondary protection action comprises sending an alarm signal to the cab and spraying a fire extinguishing agent to the target battery unit 10, the tertiary protection action comprises sending an alarm signal to the cab and spraying a fire extinguishing agent to the target battery unit 10, and the target battery unit is a battery unit 10 with the temperature of more than or equal to 150 ℃ and a battery unit with the deformation quantity of more than or equal to a deformation threshold value. Illustratively, the working logic flow of the vehicle-mounted battery fire-extinguishing protection system of the invention is shown in fig. 3. When the system of the present invention is turned on, the respective temperature sensors 21 and the deformation sensors 22 start to detect the temperature and the deformation amount of the respective battery cells 10, wherein the maximum temperature value is denoted as T and the maximum deformation amount is denoted as M. The controller 50 starts to carry out logic operation on the data, stops spraying nitrogen when M is more than 10 percent, and triggers to spray the fire extinguishing agent; when M is less than or equal to 10 percent, the next judgment is carried out, and when T is less than 150 ℃, the nitrogen and the fire extinguishing agent are stopped to be sprayed; when T is more than or equal to 150 ℃ and less than 200 ℃, stopping spraying the fire extinguishing agent, and triggering to spray nitrogen; when T is more than or equal to 200 ℃, stopping jetting the nitrogen and triggering and jetting the fire extinguishing agent. The working process is continuously and circularly carried out, so that the vehicle-mounted battery is subjected to real-time fire prevention and protection. If the temperature is lowered by spraying nitrogen or a fire extinguishing agent, the spray may be turned off, however, the deformation of the battery cell is irreversible and the alarm or spray does not stop automatically once the deformation threshold is reached. The controller 50 may also send an audible and visual alarm signal to the cab while triggering the spray to alert the driver to take action, such as extinguishing a fire or escaping.
Further, in one or more exemplary embodiments of the present invention, a vehicle-mounted battery fire extinguishing protection method that employs the vehicle-mounted battery fire extinguishing protection system according to any one of the above technical solutions, includes at least the steps of: setting operation parameters of the controller, wherein the operation parameters comprise a first temperature value, a second temperature value, a primary protection action and a secondary protection action; detecting the temperature value of each battery unit; comparing the maximum temperature value with the first temperature value and the second temperature value; and triggering and/or closing the primary protection action and the secondary protection action according to the comparison result.
Further, in one or more exemplary embodiments of the present invention, the operation parameters further include a deformation threshold and a tertiary protection action, and the method further includes the steps of: detecting the deformation amount of each battery unit; comparing the maximum deformation amount with a deformation threshold value; and triggering the third-level protection action according to the comparison result, and closing the first-level protection action or the second-level protection action.
The present invention will be described in more detail by way of specific examples, which should not be construed as limiting the invention thereto.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, in the vehicle-mounted battery fire extinguishing protection system of the present embodiment, the inert gas is nitrogen, the fire extinguishing agent is a foam fire extinguishing agent, the first temperature value is 150 ℃, the second temperature value is 200 ℃, and the deformation threshold value is 10%. The voltage of the vehicle-mounted battery is 500V, each battery cell is 3.7V, 136 battery cells are needed, and each module, namely the battery unit 10, comprises 6 battery cells and 23 modules (the battery unit 10). Two temperature sensors 21 and two deformation sensors 22 are provided on each battery cell 10. The nitrogen and the foam suppressant are injected in the injection device 30 through the common line 33.
At the first timing, the nitrogen gas release valve 411 of the nitrogen gas cylinder 41 is in a closed state, and the fire extinguishing agent release valve 421 of the fire extinguishing agent cylinder 42 is in a closed state. The maximum deformation amount M of each battery unit received by the controller 50 is 5%, the maximum temperature value T is 165 ℃, the temperatures of two battery units 10 are greater than or equal to 150 ℃, that is, there are two target battery units. The controller 50 triggers a primary protection action, i.e., keeps the fire extinguishing agent releasing valve 421 closed, opens the nitrogen gas releasing valve 411 and the injection valve 32 corresponding to the target battery cell to inject nitrogen gas, and gives an alarm to the cab, according to the comparison result. In the embodiment, when the vehicle-mounted battery has no serious accident, the temperature abnormity is detected, and a primary protection action is automatically taken, so that the accident caused by further deterioration of the abnormity is avoided as much as possible.
Example 2
This embodiment is an operation of the system of embodiment 1 at the second timing (the second timing is after the first timing).
At the second timing, the nitrogen gas release valve 411 of the nitrogen gas cylinder 41 is in an open state, and the fire extinguishing agent release valve 421 of the fire extinguishing agent cylinder 42 is in a closed state. The controller 50 receives the maximum deformation amount M of each battery cell as 5% and the maximum temperature value T as 130 ℃. The maximum temperature value was restored to below 150 ℃ by sparging with nitrogen in example 1. The controller 50 keeps the fire extinguishing agent releasing valve 421 closed and closes the nitrogen gas releasing valve 411 according to the comparison result, and stops the injection of nitrogen gas to the target battery cell in example 1. The system automatically recovers to normal work, reduces unnecessary shutdown and avoids the damage of the battery unit.
Example 3
This embodiment is an operation of the system of embodiment 1 at the third time (the third time is after the first time).
At the third timing, the nitrogen gas release valve 411 of the nitrogen gas cylinder 41 is in an open state, and the fire extinguishing agent release valve 421 of the fire extinguishing agent cylinder 42 is in a closed state. The maximum deformation amount M of each battery unit received by the controller 50 is 5%, the maximum temperature value T is 190 ℃, the temperature of three battery units is greater than or equal to 150 ℃, that is, there are three target battery units. The controller 50 keeps the fire extinguishing agent releasing valve 421 closed, keeps the nitrogen gas releasing valve 411 open, and opens the injection valve 32 corresponding to the target battery cell (at which time the number of target battery cells has increased to three) to inject nitrogen gas, and warns the operator's cab, according to the comparison result. The maximum temperature value of this example is higher than that of example 1, and the number of target battery cells is increased, and the injection point of nitrogen gas is automatically increased accordingly, and the emergency efficiency is higher.
Example 4
This embodiment is an operation of the system of embodiment 1 at the fourth timing (the third timing is after the first timing).
At the fourth timing, the nitrogen gas release valve 411 of the nitrogen gas cylinder 41 is in an open state, and the fire extinguishing agent release valve 421 of the fire extinguishing agent cylinder 42 is in a closed state. The maximum deformation amount M of each battery unit received by the controller 50 is 5%, the maximum temperature value T is 210 ℃, the temperature of three battery units is greater than or equal to 150 ℃, that is, there are three target battery units. The controller 50 triggers a secondary protection action, i.e., closes the nitrogen gas release valve 411, opens the fire extinguishing agent release valve 421 and the injection valve 32 corresponding to the target battery cell to inject the fire extinguishing agent, and gives an alarm to the cab, according to the comparison result. The vehicle-mounted battery is not restored to normal temperature by the nitrogen injection of embodiment 1, and therefore, the system takes a secondary protection action to avoid more serious accidents.
Example 5
This embodiment is an operation of the system of embodiment 1 at the fifth timing (the fifth timing is after the fourth timing).
At the fifth timing, the nitrogen gas release valve 411 of the nitrogen gas cylinder 41 is in the closed state, and the fire extinguishing agent release valve 421 of the fire extinguishing agent cylinder 42 is in the open state. The controller 50 receives the maximum deformation amount M of each battery cell as 5%, and the maximum temperature value T is 185 ℃, wherein the temperatures of three battery cells are equal to or greater than 150 ℃, that is, there are three target battery cells. The controller 50 triggers a primary protection action, namely closing the fire extinguishing agent release valve 421, opening the nitrogen release valve 411 and the injection valve 32 corresponding to the target battery unit to inject nitrogen, and giving an alarm to the cab, according to the comparison result. The risk level of an accident by the fire extinguishing agent spraying of embodiment 3 has been reduced, and therefore, the protection of the present system is reduced to a primary protection action to reduce the degree of damage of the vehicle-mounted battery by the protection action.
Example 6
This example shows the operation of the system of embodiment 1 at the sixth time.
At the sixth timing, the nitrogen gas release valve 411 of the nitrogen gas cylinder 41 is in the closed state, and the fire extinguishing agent release valve 421 of the fire extinguishing agent cylinder 42 is in the closed state. The controller 50 receives a maximum deformation amount M of each battery cell of 12%, and only one deformation amount M of each battery cell is equal to or greater than 10%, i.e., one target battery cell. The controller 50 triggers a three-level protection action, i.e., keeps the nitrogen gas release valve 411 closed, opens the fire extinguishing agent release valve 421 and the injection valve 32 corresponding to the target battery cell to inject the fire extinguishing agent, and gives an alarm to the cab, according to the comparison result. In this embodiment, the maximum deformation amount of the battery unit is greater than 10%, and a relatively serious accident has occurred in the vehicle-mounted battery, so that the cab should immediately take measures or evacuate when receiving an alarm of the three-level protection action.
The foregoing descriptions of specific exemplary embodiments of the present invention have been presented for purposes of illustration and description. It is not intended to limit the invention to the precise form disclosed, and obviously many modifications and variations are possible in light of the above teaching. The exemplary embodiments were chosen and described in order to explain certain principles of the invention and its practical application to enable one skilled in the art to make and use various exemplary embodiments of the invention and various alternatives and modifications. Any simple modifications, equivalent changes and modifications made to the above exemplary embodiments shall fall within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. An on-board battery fire suppression protection system, comprising:
a plurality of sets of temperature sensors that detect the temperature of each battery cell in the on-vehicle battery;
a spraying device which sprays inert gas or fire extinguishing agent to the battery unit, the spraying device spraying inert gas and fire extinguishing agent by using the same pipeline;
the controller is in communication connection with the multiple groups of temperature sensors and the injection device, a first temperature value and a second temperature value are preset in the controller, and the first temperature value is smaller than the second temperature value; and
a plurality of sets of deformation sensors for detecting the deformation quantity of each battery unit, the plurality of sets of deformation sensors are in communication connection with the controller, the controller is preset with a deformation threshold value,
when the maximum temperature values detected by the multiple groups of temperature sensors are greater than or equal to the first temperature value and less than the second temperature value, the controller triggers a primary protection action and closes a secondary protection action; when the maximum temperature value is greater than or equal to the second temperature value, the controller closes the primary protection action and triggers the secondary protection action; when the maximum temperature value is smaller than the first temperature value, the controller closes the primary protection action and the secondary protection action; when the deformation quantity detected by at least one of the multiple groups of deformation sensors is larger than the deformation threshold value, the controller closes the primary protection action and the secondary protection action and triggers a tertiary protection action,
the one-level protection action is including sending alarm signal and spraying inert gas to target battery cell, the second grade protection action is including sending alarm signal and spraying fire extinguishing agent to target battery cell, tertiary protection action is including sending alarm signal and spraying fire extinguishing agent to target battery cell, target battery cell is the temperature and is greater than or equal to the battery cell of first temperature value and deformation volume are greater than or equal to the battery cell of deformation threshold value, in case reach the deformation threshold value, report to the police or spray just can not the autostop.
2. The on-board battery fire suppression protection system according to claim 1, wherein the spray device is provided with a plurality of nozzles, each of the nozzles corresponding to one of the battery cells, and the controller individually controls the plurality of nozzles.
3. The vehicle-mounted battery fire extinguishing protection system according to claim 1, wherein the first temperature value is 145-155 ℃, the second temperature value is 190-210 ℃, and the deformation threshold value is 9-12%.
4. The on-vehicle battery fire suppression protection system according to claim 1, wherein the temperature sensor and the deformation sensor are provided on a housing of the battery unit and correspond to an electrolyte loading area of the battery unit.
5. The on-board battery fire suppression protection system according to claim 1, wherein the number of each set of the temperature sensors is at least two; the number of the deformation sensors in each group is at least two.
6. The vehicle-mounted battery fire extinguishing protection system according to claim 1, wherein the inert gas is nitrogen, the spraying device is connected with a nitrogen cylinder, the filling pressure of the nitrogen cylinder is 0.8-1.2MPa, and the water volume is 25-35L.
7. The vehicle-mounted battery fire extinguishing protection system according to claim 1, wherein the spraying device is connected with a fire extinguishing agent bottle, the filling pressure of the fire extinguishing agent bottle is 0.8 to 1.2MPa, and the water volume is 25 to 35L.
8. The on-board battery fire suppression protection system of claim 1, wherein the fire suppressant is a foam fire suppressant.
9. A vehicle-mounted battery fire-extinguishing protection method is characterized in that the method adopts the vehicle-mounted battery fire-extinguishing protection system as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8, and the method at least comprises the following steps:
setting operation parameters of a controller, wherein the operation parameters comprise a first temperature value, a second temperature value, a deformation threshold value, a primary protection action, a secondary protection action and a tertiary protection action;
detecting the temperature value and the deformation quantity of each battery unit;
comparing a maximum temperature value with the first temperature value and the second temperature value;
comparing the maximum deformation amount with the deformation threshold value; and
triggering and/or closing the primary protection action and the secondary protection action according to the temperature value comparison result, triggering the tertiary protection action according to the deformation quantity comparison result, and closing the primary protection action or the secondary protection action,
the one-level protection action is including sending alarm signal and spraying inert gas to target battery cell, the second grade protection action is including sending alarm signal and spraying fire extinguishing agent to target battery cell, tertiary protection action is including sending alarm signal and spraying fire extinguishing agent to target battery cell, target battery cell is the temperature and is greater than or equal to the battery cell of first temperature value and deformation volume are greater than or equal to the battery cell of deformation threshold value, in case reach the deformation threshold value, report to the police or spray just can not the autostop.
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| CN205569556U (en) * | 2016-02-02 | 2016-09-14 | 郑州宇通客车股份有限公司 | Fire extinguishing systems and on -vehicle battery box of on -vehicle battery box |
| CN106581896A (en) * | 2017-01-19 | 2017-04-26 | 安徽中涣防务装备技术股份有限公司 | New energy power battery box fire extinguishing system and fire extinguishing method thereof |
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