CN112770351B

CN112770351B - Communication method, device and system

Info

Publication number: CN112770351B
Application number: CN201911001424.9A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 祝慧颖; 董朋朋
Original assignee: Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
Current assignee: Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
Priority date: 2019-10-21
Filing date: 2019-10-21
Publication date: 2024-01-30
Anticipated expiration: 2039-10-21
Also published as: WO2021078060A1; CN112770351A

Abstract

The application provides a communication method, a corresponding device and a corresponding system, wherein the method comprises the following steps: transmitting first control information on a first air interface resource according to routing information, wherein the routing information comprises characteristics of the first air interface resource, and the first control information is used for indicating the first resource of the first information; the first information is sent on a first resource of the first information. The method and the device can be suitable for one or more of a Relay scene, a Mesh scene, an IAB (Integrated Access Backhaul, access backhaul integration) scene, a V2X (Vehicle to Everything, vehicle-to-everything) scene, a UC (user equipment (UE) Cooperation) scene, a high-frequency transmission scene, an industrial scene, a robot Cooperation scene, an Internet of things scene and the like. By the method, the device and the system provided by the application, the transmission delay can be reduced, and the transmission efficiency can be improved.

Description

Communication method, device and system

Technical Field

The present application relates to the field of wireless communications, and more particularly, to a communication method, apparatus, and system.

Background

The rapid development of wireless communication networks has affected aspects of people so that people can quickly access into the communication network anywhere at any time, and wireless communication networks are becoming an indispensable part of human life increasingly, and as the demands of users for services increase and the diversity of demands, the pursuit of higher performance wireless communication by mobile users never stops.

Wireless networks can be classified into wireless personal area networks (Wireless Personal Area Network, WPAN), wireless local area networks (Wireless Local Area Network, WLAN), wireless metropolitan area networks (Wireless Metropolitan Area Network, WMAN), wireless wide area networks (Wireless Wide Area Network, WWAN), and the like, according to network size and coverage. The wireless personal area network represented by the Bluetooth technology is limited in coverage range, and devices outside the mutual communication range need to be forwarded by a relay node and realized through multiple hops. Wireless local area networks based on WiFi (Wireless Fidelity ) are also a problem that plagues many users, and for this reason, conventional WiFi networks have evolved into existing wireless Mesh networks, or WiFi Mesh networks, using multi-hop technology and peer-to-peer networks to solve the coverage problem. WiMesh (Wireless Mesh Network) in the wireless metropolitan area network is used as a novel public wireless metropolitan area network solution to support a multipoint-to-multipoint mesh structure, and a mobile jumper connection type routing technology is adopted to avoid the problem of single-point faults of the star network. Therefore, the above networks all need to implement multi-hops through the relay transmission technology of the node so as to expand the coverage.

In addition, the wireless wide area network is represented by a cellular mobile communication network, so that a Long term evolution (Long TermEvolution, LTE) system is continuously evolved, and a fifth generation mobile communication (the fifth generation, 5G) system is also generated to cope with the future explosive mobile data traffic increase, mass equipment connection and various new services and application scenarios which are continuously emerging. In some limited coverage scenarios, such as dense urban areas, high-frequency small stations, V2X (vehicle to everything) internet of vehicles, etc., it is necessary to ensure the integrity of data transmission by introducing a relay node between a sending node and a target node for receiving and forwarding data. Meanwhile, in the current cellular mobile communication system, the mobile terminal is limited by factors such as volume and portability, multiple antennas cannot be installed, and in order to better resist multipath fading, a cooperative communication technology appears under the influence of a Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) technology. From the perspective of signal transmission, the key idea of the cooperative communication technology is to enable single-antenna mobile users with relatively close distances to share antennas in a certain manner under a wireless communication environment, so as to communicate in a manner of mutual cooperative sharing. In cooperative communication with a relay node, the relay node provides additional antennas for mobile users to form spatial diversity for transmitting information. The cooperative forwarding technology combining the forwarding technology of the relay node and the cooperative communication technology not only comprises a relay technology but also comprises a diversity technology, and can also be called as a multi-connection technology, so as to resist channel fading, improve the transmission reliability and the transmission rate of a wireless link, expand the coverage area of a system and increase the robustness of the system. In some scenes with limited coverage, the cooperative forwarding technology can receive and process and forward original information data of a source node through one or a plurality of cooperative forwarding nodes, and a target node can acquire diversity gain by combining the received information data through a combining technology, so that the transmission reliability can be improved or the coverage of a system can be increased.

In summary, wireless personal area networks, wireless local area networks, wireless metropolitan area networks, and wireless wide area networks require multi-hop or multi-connection techniques to address coverage or reliability issues. The 5G network proposes a millisecond-level end-to-end ultra-low delay requirement, and ideally the end-to-end delay is 1ms, and the typical end-to-end delay is about 5-10 ms. For a multi-hop network, the end-to-end delay is formed by accumulating the delays on multi-hop paths, and the extreme delay requirement of 1ms cannot be met by only independently optimizing the delay of a certain hop. Therefore, a transmission method with lower transmission delay in a multi-hop scenario is needed to meet part of the service requirements of the 5G network.

Disclosure of Invention

The application provides a communication method, a communication device and a communication system, which are expected to be suitable for a transmission scene with lower transmission delay.

In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a communication method, including:

transmitting first control information on a first air interface resource according to routing information, wherein the routing information comprises characteristics of the first air interface resource, and the first control information is used for indicating the first resource of the first information;

the first information is sent on a first resource of the first information.

The method routes through the characteristics of the air interface resource, and the first information to be forwarded can be transmitted based on the scheduling of the first control information, namely, the first information can be transmitted through a data channel. The method may be performed by a source node or a relay node.

By the method provided in the first aspect, the sending node (source node or relay node) can determine information for physical layer routing of the next hop receiving node, such as the characteristic of the first air interface resource, according to the routing information, and send the information for physical layer routing, such as the first control information on the first air interface resource, to the receiving node (next hop node), so that the sending node can perform physical layer transmission based on the routing information, and the receiving node can perform forwarding of the first information without transmitting the received first control information to a higher layer of the receiving node. Further, it can be avoided that all nodes around the transmission node of the control information except the next hop node can decode the control information or receive the data, thereby wasting power consumption.

Optionally, the method may further include:

receiving second control information on a second air interface resource, the second air interface resource having a different characteristic than the first air interface resource;

And receiving the first information according to the second control information.

Thus, for the relay node, the receiving and forwarding (routing) of the first information can be realized based on the information of the physical layer, without transmitting the first information to a higher layer of the relay node, and the transmission delay can be reduced.

Optionally, the characteristics of the second air interface resource are included in the routing information.

It will be appreciated that the characteristics of the second air interface resource may be stored in other information of the current node, not limited herein, instead of being included in the routing information.

Optionally, the second control information indicates a second resource of the first information,

the receiving the first information according to the second control information includes:

the first information is received on a second resource of the first information indicated by a second control information.

Optionally, the routing information includes a characteristic of an air interface resource corresponding to one or more hops, the one or more hops include a next hop, the air interface resource includes the first air interface resource, the air interface resource is an air interface resource of control information corresponding to one hop, the one hop corresponds to one node or one node group, and the characteristic of the air interface resource includes one or more of the following:

Frequency domain and/or time domain resource information of control information, spatial domain resource information of control information, or scrambling sequence information of control information, scrambling sequence information of CRC check information of control information, frequency domain resource information of reference signal of control information, time domain resource information of reference signal of control information, spatial domain resource information of reference signal of control information, or sequence information of reference signal of control information.

Optionally, the frequency domain and/or time domain resource information of the control information includes one or more of the following:

an identification of a search space, an identification of a control Resource set (core), an identification of a Resource Element group (Resource Element Group, REG), an identification of a Resource Block (RB), an identification of a Resource Element (RE), an identification of a subcarrier, an identification of a bandwidth part (BWP).

Optionally, one or more of the scrambling sequence information of the control information, the scrambling sequence information of the CRC check information of the control information, or the sequence information of the reference signal of the control information corresponds to the identifier of the corresponding node or node group.

Optionally, the scrambling sequence information of the control information, the scrambling sequence information of the CRC check information of the control information, or one or more items of sequence information of the reference signal of the control information correspond to the corresponding node or the node group identifier, and include:

The scrambling sequence information of the control information, the scrambling sequence information of CRC check information of the control information, or one or more items of sequence information of reference signals of the control information carry the corresponding node or node group identification.

Optionally, the routing information further includes an identifier of a node or a node group corresponding to the feature of the air interface resource and/or an index of a hop corresponding to the feature of the air interface resource.

Optionally, the routing information includes an identifier for indicating a route from the source node to the destination node.

Optionally, the first control information indicates a route from the source node to the destination node and/or indicates the destination node or the destination node group.

In this way, the receiving node can support the transmission of multiple routes at the same time, so that the receiving node can identify the route corresponding to the transmission.

Optionally, the first control information indicates a route from the source node to the destination node includes:

the first control information includes an identification for indicating a route from a source node to a destination node;

and/or one or more of scrambling sequence information of the first control information, scrambling information of CRC check information, or sequence information of a reference signal of the control information carries an identification for indicating a route from a source node to a destination node.

Optionally, the identifier for indicating a route from the source node to the destination node includes one or more of a session identifier, a node group identifier, a destination node identifier, or a destination node group identifier.

Optionally, the first control information indicates that the destination node includes:

the first control information comprises a destination node identifier or a destination node group identifier;

and/or, one or more items of the first control information scrambling sequence information, the scrambling information of CRC check information or the sequence information of the reference signal of the control information carry a destination node identifier or a destination node group identifier.

Optionally, the first control information indicates that the transmission of the first information is physical layer transmission.

In the present application, physical layer transmission means transmission after processing without delivering the first information to a higher layer above the physical layer.

Specifically, whether to send the domain explicit indication in the first control information or not through other information indicated by the first control information is implicitly indicated, for example, by dividing the characteristics of the air interface resource into the characteristics for physical layer forwarding and the characteristics for non-physical layer forwarding, so that the characteristics of the air interface resource for physical layer forwarding can be determined to be physical layer forwarding. In this way, the node can determine whether the transmission is physical layer forwarding or non-physical layer forwarding, and the scheme provided by the embodiment of the application and the scheme of non-physical layer forwarding can be compatible.

Optionally, the method may further include:

and receiving route configuration information from a control node, wherein the route configuration information comprises the route information.

By the method provided by the first aspect, the source node or the relay node can realize physical layer routing of the first information, and transmission delay is reduced.

In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a communication method, including:

receiving first control information on a first air interface resource, the first control information indicating a first resource for the first information;

receiving the first information on the first resource;

and determining not to forward the first information according to the first control information, wherein the first control information indicates that the current node is a destination node or a node in a destination node group.

The method routes through the characteristics of the air interface resource, and the first information to be forwarded can be transmitted based on the scheduling of the first control information, namely, the first information can be transmitted through a data channel. The method may be performed by a destination node.

By the method provided in the second aspect, the receiving node (destination node) can determine that the first control information is needed to be received by the node according to the information used for the physical layer routing, such as the characteristic of the first air interface resource, and can learn that the node is the destination node of the transmission according to the first control information. Therefore, the destination node can be enabled to know the destination node transmitted at the time based on the first control information, transmission delay can be reduced, and further, the fact that other nodes around the sending node of the control information except the destination node can decode the control information or receive data so as to waste power consumption can be avoided.

Optionally, the first control information indicates that the current node is a destination node or a node in a destination node group includes: the first air interface resource is characterized by corresponding to a last hop.

Optionally, the characteristics of the first air interface resource are included in the routing information, the routing information includes characteristics of an air interface resource corresponding to one or more hops, the one or more hops include a last hop, the air interface resource includes the first air interface resource, the air interface resource is an air interface resource of control information corresponding to one hop, the one hop corresponds to one node or one node group, and the characteristics of the air interface resource include one or more of the following:

It will be appreciated that the characteristics of the first air interface resource may be stored in other information of the current node, not limited herein, instead of being included in the routing information.

the identification of the search space, the identification of the control Resource set CORESET, the identification of the Resource Element group (Resource Element Group, REG), the identification of the Resource Block (RB), the identification of the Resource Element (RE), the identification of the subcarrier.

Optionally, the routing information further includes an identification of a node or a group of nodes corresponding to the feature of the air interface resource and/or an index of a hop corresponding to the feature of the air interface resource.

Optionally, the routing information includes an identification for indicating a route from the source node to the destination node.

Optionally, the first control information indicates that the current node is a destination node or a node in a destination node group includes:

and the destination node indicated by the first control information or one node in the destination node group is the current node.

Optionally, the method may further include:

By the method provided by the second aspect, the destination node can realize the physical layer routing of the first information, and the transmission delay is reduced. Furthermore, the destination node can stop forwarding the first information in time, so that the waste of transmission resources is avoided.

In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present application further provides a communication method, including:

and sending first control information on the first air interface resource according to the routing information, wherein the routing information comprises the characteristics of the first air interface resource, and the first control information comprises first information.

The method routes through the characteristics of the air interface resources, and the first information to be forwarded can be transmitted through the first control information, namely, the first information can be transmitted through a control channel. The method may be performed by a source node or a relay node.

By the method provided by the third aspect, the sending node (source node or relay node) can determine information for physical layer routing of the next hop receiving node, such as the characteristic of the first air interface resource, according to the routing information, and send the information for physical layer routing, such as the first control information on the first air interface resource, to the receiving node (next hop node), so that the sending node can perform physical layer transmission based on the routing information, and the receiving node can perform forwarding of the first information without transmitting the received first control information to a higher layer of the receiving node. Further, it can be avoided that all nodes around the transmission node of the control information except the next hop node can decode the control information, thereby wasting power consumption.

Optionally, the method may further include:

and receiving second control information according to a second air interface resource, wherein the characteristics of the second air interface resource are different from those of the first air interface resource, and the second control information comprises the first information.

Optionally, the method further comprises:

By the method provided by the third aspect, the source node or the relay node can realize physical layer routing of the first information, and transmission delay is reduced.

In a fourth aspect, embodiments of the present application further provide a communication method, including:

receiving first control information on a first air interface resource, wherein the first control information comprises first information;

The method routes through the characteristics of the air interface resources, and the first information to be forwarded can be transmitted through the first control information, namely, the first information can be transmitted through a control channel. The method may be performed by a destination node.

By the method provided in the fourth aspect, the receiving node (destination node) may determine, according to information used for physical layer routing, such as the characteristics of the first air interface resource, that the first control information is to be received by the node, and may learn, according to the first control information, that the node is the destination node of the transmission. Therefore, the destination node can be enabled to know the destination node transmitted at the time based on the first control information, transmission delay can be reduced, and further, the fact that other nodes around the sending node of the control information except the destination node can decode the control information can be avoided, and further power consumption is wasted.

Specific embodiments may refer to the descriptions in the foregoing first aspect or the second aspect, which are not repeated herein.

Optionally, the method may further include:

By the method provided in the fourth aspect, the destination node can realize the physical layer routing of the first information, and the transmission delay is reduced. Furthermore, the destination node can stop forwarding the first information in time, so that the waste of transmission resources is avoided.

In a fifth aspect, embodiments of the present application further provide a communication method, including:

and sending first data information on a first air interface resource according to the routing information, wherein the routing information comprises the characteristics of the first air interface resource, and the first data information comprises first information.

The method routes through the characteristics of the air interface resources, and the first information to be forwarded can be transmitted through the first data information, namely, the first information can be transmitted through a data channel. The method may be performed by a source node or a relay node.

By the method provided in the fifth aspect, the sending node (source node or relay node) may determine information for physical layer routing of the next hop receiving node, such as the characteristic of the first air interface resource, according to the routing information, and send information for physical layer routing, such as the first data information on the first air interface resource, to the receiving node (next hop node), so that the sending node may perform physical layer transmission based on the routing information, and may further perform forwarding of the first information without transmitting the received first data information to a higher layer of the receiving node. Further, it can be avoided that all nodes around the transmitting node of the first data information except the next-hop node can receive the first data information, thereby wasting power consumption.

Optionally, the method may further include:

and receiving second data information according to a second air interface resource, wherein the characteristics of the second air interface resource are different from those of the first air interface resource, and the second data information comprises the first information.

frequency domain and/or time domain resource information of data information, spatial domain resource information of data information, or scrambling sequence information of data information, scrambling sequence information of CRC check information of data information, frequency domain resource information of reference signal of data information, time domain resource information of reference signal of data information, spatial domain resource information of reference signal of data information, or sequence information of reference signal of data information.

Optionally, the frequency domain and/or time domain resource information of the data information includes one or more of the following:

a Resource Element group (Resource Element Group, REG) identity, a Resource Block (RB) identity, a Resource Element (RE) identity, a subcarrier identity, a bandwidth part (BWP) identity.

Optionally, one or more of the scrambling sequence information of the data information, the scrambling sequence information of the CRC check information of the data information, or the sequence information of the reference signal of the data information corresponds to the identifier of the corresponding node or node group.

Optionally, the scrambling sequence information of the data information, the scrambling sequence information of the CRC check information of the data information, or one or more items of sequence information of the reference signal of the data information correspond to the corresponding node or the node group identifier, and include:

the scrambling sequence information of the data information, the scrambling sequence information of CRC (cyclic redundancy check) information of the data information, or one or more items of sequence information of reference signals of the data information carry the corresponding node or node group identification.

Optionally, the first data information indicates a route from the source node to the destination node and/or indicates the destination node or the destination node group.

Optionally, the first data information indicates a route from the source node to the destination node, including:

one or more of scrambling sequence information of the first data information, scrambling information of CRC check information, or sequence information of a reference signal of the data information carries an identification for indicating a route from a source node to a destination node.

Optionally, the first data information indicates that the destination node includes:

one or more items of the first data information scrambling sequence information, scrambling information of CRC check information, or sequence information of reference signals of the data information carry destination node identification or destination node group identification.

Optionally, the first data information indicates that the transmission of the first information is physical layer transmission.

Specifically, whether to send the domain explicit indication in the first data information or not for the physical layer, or implicitly indicate other information indicated by the first data information, for example, by dividing the characteristics of the air interface resource into the characteristics for physical layer forwarding and the characteristics for non-physical layer forwarding, so that the characteristics of the air interface resource for physical layer forwarding can be determined to be physical layer forwarding. In this way, the node can determine whether the transmission is physical layer forwarding or non-physical layer forwarding, and the scheme provided by the embodiment of the application and the scheme of non-physical layer forwarding can be compatible.

Optionally, the method may further include:

By the method provided in the fifth aspect, the source node or the relay node can realize the physical layer routing of the first information, and the transmission delay is reduced.

In a sixth aspect, embodiments of the present application further provide a communication method, including:

receiving first data information on a first air interface resource, wherein the first data information comprises first information;

And determining not to forward the first information according to the first data information, wherein the first data information indicates that the current node is a destination node or a node in a destination node group.

The method routes through the characteristics of the air interface resources, and the first information to be forwarded can be transmitted through the first data information, namely, the first information can be transmitted through a data channel. The method may be performed by a destination node.

By the method provided in the sixth aspect, the receiving node (destination node) may determine, according to information used for physical layer routing, such as the characteristics of the first air interface resource, that the first data information is to be received by the node, and may learn, according to the first data information, that the node is the destination node of the transmission. Therefore, the destination node can be obtained based on the first data information, transmission delay can be reduced, and further, other nodes around the sending node of the first data information except the destination node can be prevented from receiving the first data information, so that power consumption is wasted.

Optionally, the first data information indicates that the current node is a destination node or a node in a destination node group includes: the first air interface resource is characterized by corresponding to a last hop.

Optionally, the characteristics of the first air interface resource are included in the routing information, the routing information includes characteristics of an air interface resource corresponding to one or more hops, the one or more hops include a last hop, the air interface resource includes the first air interface resource, the air interface resource is an air interface resource of data information corresponding to one hop, the one hop corresponds to one node or one node group, and the characteristics of the air interface resource include one or more of the following:

Optionally, the first data information indicates that the current node is a destination node or a node in a destination node group includes:

and the destination node indicated by the first data information or one node in the destination node group is the current node.

The specific manner may be referred to the description of the fifth aspect, and will not be repeated here.

Optionally, the method may further include:

By the method provided in the sixth aspect, the destination node can realize physical layer routing of the first information, and transmission delay is reduced. Furthermore, the destination node can stop forwarding the first information in time, so that the waste of transmission resources is avoided.

In a seventh aspect, embodiments of the present application further provide a communication method, including:

transmitting first control information according to the routing information, wherein the routing information comprises the identification of the next hop, the first control information indicates the identification of the next hop, and the first control information is used for indicating first resources of the first information;

the first information is sent on a first resource of the first information.

The method routes through the identification of the hop corresponding to the node, and the first information to be forwarded can be transmitted based on the scheduling of the first control information, namely, the first information can be transmitted through a data channel. The method may be performed by a source node or a relay node.

By the method provided in the seventh aspect, the sending node (source node or relay node) may determine information for physical layer routing of the next hop receiving node, such as an identifier of the next hop, according to the routing information, and send information for physical layer routing, such as first control information indicating the identifier of the next hop, to the receiving node (next hop node), so that the sending node may perform transmission of the physical layer based on the routing information, and may further perform forwarding of the first information without transmitting the received first control information to a higher layer of the receiving node. Further, it can be avoided that all nodes around the transmission node of the control information except the next hop node can decode the control information or receive the data, thereby wasting power consumption.

Optionally, the method may further include:

receiving second control information according to the identification of the hop corresponding to the current node, wherein the second control information indicates the identification of the hop corresponding to the current node;

Optionally, the identification of the hop corresponding to the current node is included in the routing information.

It should be understood that the identification of the hop corresponding to the current node may be stored in other information of the current node, not limited herein, instead of being included in the routing information.

Optionally, the identification of the first control information indicating the next hop includes:

the first control information includes an identification of the next hop, or,

the scrambling sequence information of the first control information, the scrambling sequence information of the CRC check information of the first control information, or one or more items of sequence information of the reference signal of the first control information correspond to the identification of the next hop.

Optionally, the routing information includes an identification corresponding to one or more hops including the next hop, the one hop corresponding to a node or a group of nodes.

Optionally, the identification of the one or more hops is an identification of a node or a node group corresponding to the one or more hops and/or an index of the hops.

Optionally, the first control information indicates that the destination node or the destination node group includes:

In particular, reference may be made to the description of the first aspect or the second aspect, which is not repeated here.

Optionally, the method may further include:

By the method provided in the seventh aspect, the source node or the relay node can realize physical layer routing of the first information, and transmission delay is reduced.

In an eighth aspect, embodiments of the present application further provide a communication method, including:

receiving first control information according to the identification of the hop corresponding to the current node, wherein the first control information indicates first resources used for the first information and the identification of the hop corresponding to the current node;

Receiving the first information on the first resource;

The method routes through the identification of the hop corresponding to the node, and the first information to be forwarded can be transmitted based on the scheduling of the first control information, namely, the first information can be transmitted through a data channel. The method may be performed by a destination node.

By the method provided in the eighth aspect, the receiving node (destination node) may determine, according to information for physical layer routing, such as the identifier of the next hop, that the first control information is to be received by the node, and may learn, according to the first control information, that the node is the destination node of the transmission. Therefore, the destination node can be enabled to know the destination node transmitted at the time based on the first control information, transmission delay can be reduced, and further, the fact that other nodes around the sending node of the control information except the destination node can decode the control information or receive data so as to waste power consumption can be avoided.

Optionally, the first control information indicates that the current node is a destination node or a node in a destination node group includes: the identification of the hop corresponding to the current node indicated by the first control information corresponds to the last hop.

Optionally, the identification of the next hop is included in routing information, where the routing information includes an identification corresponding to one or more hops, where the one or more hops include an identification of a hop corresponding to the current node, and where the one hop corresponds to a node or a group of nodes.

It will be appreciated that the identification of the hop corresponding to the current node may be stored in other information of the current node, not limited herein, instead of being included in the routing information.

Optionally, the identification of the first control information indicating the hop corresponding to the current node includes:

the first control information includes an identification of a hop corresponding to the current node, or,

the scrambling sequence information of the first control information, the scrambling sequence information of the CRC check information of the first control information, or one or more items of sequence information of the reference signal of the first control information correspond to the identification of the hop corresponding to the current node.

Optionally, the method may further include:

By the method provided in the eighth aspect, the destination node can realize physical layer routing of the first information, and transmission delay is reduced. Furthermore, the destination node can stop forwarding the first information in time, so that the waste of transmission resources is avoided.

In a ninth aspect, an embodiment of the present application further provides a communication method, including:

and sending first control information according to the routing information, wherein the routing information comprises the identification of the next hop of the current node, the first control information comprises first information, and the first control information indicates the identification of the next hop.

The method routes through the identification of the hop corresponding to the node, and the first information to be forwarded can be transmitted through the first control information, namely, the first information can be transmitted through a control channel. The method may be performed by a source node or a relay node.

By the method provided in the ninth aspect, the sending node (source node or relay node) may determine information for physical layer routing of the next hop receiving node, such as an identifier of the next hop, according to the routing information, and send information for physical layer routing, such as first control information indicating the identifier of the next hop, to the receiving node (next hop node), so that the sending node may perform transmission of the physical layer based on the routing information, and may further perform forwarding of the first information without transmitting the received first control information to a higher layer of the receiving node. Further, it can be avoided that all nodes around the transmission node of the control information except the next hop node can decode the control information, thereby wasting power consumption.

Optionally, the method may further include:

and receiving second control information according to the identification of the hop corresponding to the current node, wherein the second control information comprises the first information, and the second control information indicates the identification of the hop corresponding to the current node.

the first control information includes an identification of the next hop, or,

Optionally, the routing information includes an identification corresponding to one or more hops including a next hop, the one hop corresponding to a node or a group of nodes.

Optionally, the method may further include:

By the method provided in the ninth aspect, the source node or the relay node can realize physical layer routing of the first information, so that transmission delay is reduced.

In a tenth aspect, embodiments of the present application provide a communication method, including:

receiving first control information according to the identification of the hop corresponding to the current node, wherein the first control information indicates the identification of the hop corresponding to the current node; the first control information includes first information;

The method routes through the identification of the hop corresponding to the node, and the first information to be forwarded can be transmitted through the first control information, namely, the first information can be transmitted through a control channel. The method may be performed by a destination node.

By the method provided in the tenth aspect, the receiving node (destination node) may determine that the first control information is to be received by the node according to information used for physical layer routing, such as the identifier of the hop corresponding to the current node, and may learn that the node is the destination node of the current transmission according to the first control information. Therefore, the destination node can be enabled to know the destination node transmitted at the time based on the first control information, transmission delay can be reduced, and further, the fact that other nodes around the sending node of the first control information except the destination node can decode the control information and waste power consumption can be avoided.

Optionally, the identification of the hop corresponding to the current node is included in routing information, where the routing information includes an identification corresponding to one or more hops, where the one or more hops include the hop corresponding to the current node, and the one hop corresponds to one node or one node group.

Optionally, the method may further include:

By the method provided in the tenth aspect, the destination node can realize physical layer routing of the first information, and transmission delay is reduced. Furthermore, the destination node can stop forwarding the first information in time, so that the waste of transmission resources is avoided.

In an eleventh aspect, embodiments of the present application further provide a communication method, including:

and sending first data information according to the routing information, wherein the routing information comprises the identification of the next hop of the current node, the first data information comprises first information, and the first data information indicates the identification of the next hop.

The method routes through the identification of the hop corresponding to the node, and the first information to be forwarded can be transmitted through the first data information, namely, the first information can be transmitted through a data channel. The method may be performed by a source node or a relay node.

By the method provided in the eleventh aspect, the sending node (source node or relay node) may determine information for physical layer routing of the next-hop receiving node, such as an identifier of the next-hop, according to the routing information, and send information for physical layer routing, such as first data information indicating the identifier of the next-hop, to the receiving node (next-hop node), so that the sending node may perform transmission of the physical layer based on the routing information, and may further perform forwarding of the first information without transmitting the received first data information to a higher layer of the receiving node. Further, it can be avoided that all nodes around the transmitting node of the first data information except the next-hop node can receive the first data information, thereby wasting power consumption.

Optionally, the method may further include:

and receiving second data information according to the identification of the hop corresponding to the current node, wherein the second data information comprises the first information, and the second data information indicates the identification of the hop corresponding to the current node.

Optionally, the identification of the first data information indicating the next hop includes:

the scrambling sequence information of the first data information, the scrambling sequence information of the CRC check information of the first data information, or one or more items of sequence information of the reference signal of the first data information correspond to the identification of the next hop.

Optionally, the first data information indicates that the destination node or the destination node group includes:

In particular, reference may be made to the description of the fifth aspect, which is not repeated here.

Optionally, the method may further include:

By the method provided in the eleventh aspect, the source node or the relay node can realize physical layer routing of the first information, so that transmission delay is reduced.

In a twelfth aspect, embodiments of the present application further provide a communication method, including:

receiving first data information according to the identification of the hop corresponding to the current node, wherein the first data information indicates the identification of the hop corresponding to the current node; the first data information includes first information;

The method routes through the identification of the hop corresponding to the node, and the first information to be forwarded can be transmitted through the first data information, namely, the first information can be transmitted through a data channel. The method may be performed by a destination node.

By the method provided in the twelfth aspect, the receiving node (destination node) can determine that the first data information is needed to be received by the node according to the information used for physical layer routing, such as the identifier of the hop corresponding to the current node, and can learn that the node is the destination node of the transmission according to the first data information. Therefore, the destination node can be obtained based on the first data information, transmission delay can be reduced, and further, other nodes around the sending node of the first data information except the destination node can be prevented from receiving the first data information, so that power consumption is wasted.

Optionally, the first data information indicates that the current node is a destination node or a node in a destination node group includes: the identification of the hop corresponding to the current node indicated by the first data information corresponds to the last hop.

Optionally, the identification of the hop corresponding to the current node is included in routing information, where the routing information includes an identification corresponding to one or more hops, where the one or more hops include the hop corresponding to the current node, and the one hop corresponds to one node or one node group. It will be appreciated that the identification of the hop corresponding to the current node may be stored in other information of the current node, not limited herein, instead of being included in the routing information.

Optionally, the identification of the first data information indicating the hop corresponding to the current node includes:

the scrambling sequence information of the first data information, the scrambling sequence information of the CRC check information of the first data information, or one or more items of sequence information of the reference signal of the first data information correspond to the identification of the hop corresponding to the current node.

Optionally, the method may further include:

By the method provided in the twelfth aspect, the destination node can realize physical layer routing of the first information, and transmission delay is reduced. Furthermore, the destination node can stop forwarding the first information in time, so that the waste of transmission resources is avoided.

In a thirteenth aspect, an apparatus is provided. The apparatus provided herein has functionality to implement the behavior of one or more of the source node, the relay node, or the destination node in the method aspects described above, including means (means) for performing the steps or functions described in the method aspects described above. The steps or functions may be implemented in software, in hardware, or in a combination of hardware and software.

In one possible design, the apparatus includes one or more processors. The one or more processors are configured to support the apparatus to perform the respective functions of each of the execution bodies in the above-described method. For example, the first control information is sent on the first air interface resource according to the routing information. Further, the apparatus may further include a communication unit configured to support the apparatus to communicate with other devices, to implement a receiving and/or transmitting function. For example, the first control information is sent to the next hop node. Optionally, the apparatus may further comprise one or more memories for coupling with the processor, which holds the necessary program instructions and/or data. The one or more memories may be integrated with the processor or may be separate from the processor. The present application is not limited thereto.

The apparatus may be one of a network device, such as a base station, a gNB or TRP, a DU or CU, a relay device, etc., and the communication unit may be a transceiver, or a transceiving circuit. Alternatively, the transceiver may be an input/output circuit or interface.

The apparatus may also be a terminal device, such as a smart terminal or a wearable device, and the communication unit may be a transceiver, or a transceiver circuit. Alternatively, the transceiver may be an input/output circuit or interface.

The apparatus may also be a chip, such as a chip for a network device or a terminal device. The communication unit may be an input/output circuit or an interface of a chip.

In another possible design, the apparatus includes a transceiver, a processor, and a memory. The processor is configured to control the transceiver to transceive signals, the memory is configured to store a computer program, the processor is configured to execute the computer program in the memory, and the apparatus is configured to perform any one of the first aspect to the twelfth aspect, or any one of the possible implementation manners of the first aspect to the twelfth aspect.

In a fourteenth aspect, a system is provided, the system comprising one or more of: comprising means for implementing the method of the first aspect or any one of the possible implementations of the first aspect and means for implementing the method of the second aspect or any one of the possible implementations of the second aspect; alternatively, comprising means for implementing the method of the third aspect or any one of the possible implementations of the third aspect and means for implementing the method of the fourth aspect or any one of the possible implementations of the fourth aspect; alternatively, comprising means for implementing the method of the fifth aspect or any one of the possible implementations of the fifth aspect and means for implementing the method of the sixth aspect or any one of the possible implementations of the sixth aspect; alternatively, comprising means for implementing the method of the seventh aspect or any one of the possible implementations of the seventh aspect and means for implementing the method of the eighth aspect or any one of the possible implementations of the eighth aspect; alternatively, comprising means for implementing the method of the ninth aspect or any one of the possible implementations of the ninth aspect and means for implementing the method of the tenth aspect or any one of the possible implementations of the tenth aspect; alternatively, means for implementing the method of the eleventh aspect or any of the possible implementations of the eleventh aspect and means for implementing the method of the twelfth aspect or any of the possible implementations of the twelfth aspect are included.

A fifteenth aspect provides a readable storage medium or program product for storing a program or instructions comprising instructions for performing the method of any one of the first to twelfth aspects, or any one of the possible implementations of the first to twelfth aspects.

In a sixteenth aspect, there is provided a readable storage medium or program product for storing a program or instructions which, when run on a computer, cause the computer to perform the method of any one of the first to twelfth aspects or any one of the possible implementations of the first to twelfth aspects.

By the method provided by the embodiment of the application, a method for forwarding the physical layer route can be provided, so that the method is suitable for a transmission scene with low transmission delay requirements.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic architecture diagram of a multi-hop communication system applied in an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of possible routing paths (also referred to as topologies) provided by embodiments of the present application;

fig. 3 is a schematic flowchart of a transmission method provided in an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 4 is a schematic flowchart of a transmission method provided in an embodiment of the present application;

Fig. 5 is a schematic flowchart of a transmission method provided in an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 6 is a schematic flowchart of a transmission method provided in an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 7 is a schematic flowchart of a transmission method provided in an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 8 is a schematic flowchart of a transmission method provided in an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 9 is a schematic flowchart of a transmission method provided in an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 10 is a schematic flowchart of a transmission method provided in an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 11 is a schematic flowchart of a transmission method provided in an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 12 is a schematic flowchart of a transmission method provided in an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 13 is a schematic flowchart of a transmission method provided in an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 14 is a schematic flowchart of a transmission method provided in an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 15 is a schematic flowchart of a transmission method provided in an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 16 is a schematic flowchart of a transmission method provided in an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 17 is a schematic flowchart of a transmission method provided in an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 18 is a schematic flowchart of a transmission method provided in an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 19 is a schematic flowchart of a transmission method provided in an embodiment of the present application;

Fig. 20 is a schematic flowchart of a transmission method provided in an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 21 is a topology diagram of a search space provided by an embodiment of the present application that identifies each hop as configured;

fig. 22 is a schematic diagram of a topology provided in the present embodiment, in which specific IDs of respective hops are identified;

fig. 23 is a schematic structural diagram of a communication device according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 24 is a schematic structural diagram of a terminal device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 25 is a schematic structural diagram of a network device according to an embodiment of the present application.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the present application will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

The technical solution of the embodiment of the application can be applied to various communication systems, for example: long term evolution (long term evolution, LTE) systems, worldwide interoperability for microwave access (worldwide interoperability for microwave access, wiMAX) communication systems, fifth generation (5th Generation,5G) systems such as new generation wireless access technologies (new radio access technology, NR), networks where multiple systems are integrated, internet of things systems, internet of vehicles systems, and future communication systems such as 6G systems, etc.

The present application will present various aspects, embodiments, or features about a system that may include multiple devices, components, modules, etc. It is to be understood and appreciated that the various systems may include additional devices, components, modules, etc. and/or may not include all of the devices, components, modules etc. discussed in connection with the figures. Furthermore, combinations of these schemes may also be used.

In addition, in the embodiments of the present application, the term "exemplary" is used to mean serving as an example, instance, or illustration. Any embodiment or design described herein as "exemplary" is not necessarily to be construed as preferred or advantageous over other embodiments or designs. Rather, the term use of an example is intended to present concepts in a concrete fashion.

In the embodiments of the present application, "of", "corresponding" and "corresponding" may be sometimes used in combination, and it should be noted that the meaning to be expressed is consistent when the distinction is not emphasized.

The network architecture and the service scenario described in the embodiments of the present application are for more clearly describing the technical solution of the embodiments of the present application, and do not constitute a limitation on the technical solution provided in the embodiments of the present application, and those skilled in the art can know that, with the evolution of the network architecture and the appearance of the new service scenario, the technical solution provided in the embodiments of the present application is also applicable to similar technical problems.

The embodiment of the application can be applied to a time division duplex (time division duplex, TDD) scene and a frequency division duplex (frequency division duplex, FDD) scene.

The embodiment of the application can be applied to a traditional typical network and a network with a UE as a center (UE-center). The UE-central network introduces a network architecture without cells (Non-cells), i.e. a large number of small stations are deployed in a specific area to form a super cell, and each small station is a transmission point (Transmission Point, TP) or TRP of the super cell and is connected to a centralized controller (controller). When the UE moves in the Hyper cell, the network side equipment selects a new sub-cluster for the UE to serve the UE at all times, so that real cell switching is avoided, and the continuity of the UE service is realized. Wherein the network side device comprises a wireless network device.

In the embodiment of the present application, different base stations may be base stations with different identifiers, or may be base stations with the same identifier and deployed in different geographic locations. In some scenarios, before the base station is deployed, the base station does not know whether it will relate to the scenario in which the embodiments of the present application are applied, and the base station, or the baseband chip, may support the methods provided by the embodiments of the present application before deployment. In some scenarios, the method provided by the embodiments of the present application may also be supported through post-deployment upgrades or loads. It is to be understood that the foregoing base stations with different identities may be base station identities, cell identities or other identities.

In the embodiment of the present application, a part of the scenes are described by taking the scenes of the NR network in the wireless communication network as an example, and it should be noted that the solution in the embodiment of the present application may also be applied to other wireless communication networks, and the corresponding names may also be replaced by names of corresponding functions in other wireless communication networks.

The embodiment of the application can be used for various application scenes, such as a Relay scene, a Mesh scene, an IAB (Integrated Access Backhaul, access backhaul integrated) scene, a V2X (Vehicle to Everything, vehicle-to-everything) scene, a UC (user equipment (UE coordination) scene, a high-frequency transmission scene, an industrial scene, a robot Cooperation scene, an Internet of things scene and the like. The embodiments of the present application do not limit uplink, downlink, sidelink (Sidelink) etc. transmissions. In the embodiment of the present application, the transmitting end and the receiving end may be one or a combination of a base station and a User Equipment (UE), a base station and a base station, a UE and a UE, a base station and a relay device, a UE and a relay device, or a relay device and a relay device.

Fig. 1 is a schematic architecture diagram of a multi-hop communication system applied to an embodiment of the present application, and as shown in fig. 1, the multi-hop communication system is composed of a central control node 101, such as a base station, a relay device 102, and a terminal device 103. In the system, a transmitting end, such as a base station, may be supported to serve at least one receiving end, such as a terminal device, through at least one relay device, or in the multi-hop communication system, a transmitting end, such as a terminal device, may also communicate with at least one receiving end, such as a base station, through at least one relay device, etc. The number of devices in the communication system is not limited in the embodiments of the present application.

In the embodiments of the present application, the source node, the destination node and the relay node (also referred to as intermediate nodes) are referred to.

The source node may be a transmitting end node, and may be a network device, such as a base station, a terminal device, or a relay device;

the destination node may be a receiving end node, and may be a network device, such as a base station, a terminal device, or a relay device;

the relay node may be either a transmitting end node or a receiving end node, which may be responsible for receiving and forwarding wireless signals, which may be a relay device or a user device.

The relay device may be responsible for receiving and forwarding wireless signals, i.e. it may forward data (including control signaling and/or traffic data) to or from other relay devices or terminal devices or base stations. The relay device may be a relay station, such as an IAB node, a base station, or a terminal device.

In the embodiment of the present application, the network device is a device with a wireless transceiver function or a chip that can be disposed on the device, where the device includes but is not limited to: an evolved Node B (eNB), a radio network controller (radio network controller, RNC), a Node B (Node B, NB), a base station controller (base station controller, BSC), a base transceiver station (base transceiver station, BTS), a home base station (home evolved NodeB, or home Node B, HNB, for example), a Base Band Unit (BBU), an Access Point (AP) in a wireless fidelity (wireless fidelity, WIFI) system, a wireless relay Node, a wireless backhaul Node, a transmission point (transmission and reception point, TRP or transmission point, TP), etc., may also be 5G, such as NR, a gbb in a system, or a transmission point (TRP or TP), one or a group of antenna panels (including multiple antenna panels) of a base station in a 5G system, or may also be a network Node constituting a gbb or a transmission point, such as a baseband unit (BBU), or a distributed unit (DU, distributed unit), etc.

In some deployments, the gNB may include a Centralized Unit (CU) and DUs. The gNB may also include a Radio Unit (RU). Multiple DUs may be centrally controlled by one CU. The CU implements part of the functions of the gNB, the DU implements part of the functions of the gNB, the CU and the DU may be divided according to protocol layers of the wireless network, for example, functions of a packet data convergence layer protocol (packet data convergence protocol, PDCP) layer and above are set at the CU, functions of protocol layers below PDCP, for example, a radio link control (radio link control, RLC) layer and a medium access control (mediumaccess control, MAC) layer are set at the DU. For another example, a CU implements the functions of a radio resource control (radio resource control, RRC), packet data convergence layer protocol (packet data convergence protocol, PDCP) layer, and a DU implements the functions of a radio link control (radio link control, RLC), medium access control (mediumaccess control, MAC), and Physical (PHY) layer. Since the information of the RRC layer may be eventually changed into the information of the PHY layer or converted from the information of the PHY layer, under this architecture, higher layer signaling, such as RRC layer signaling or PHCP layer signaling, may also be considered as being transmitted by the DU or by the du+ru. It is understood that the network device may be a CU node, or a DU node, or a device comprising a CU node and a DU node. In addition, the CU may be divided into network devices in the access network RAN, or may be divided into network devices in the core network CN, which is not limited herein.

Alternatively, CUs can be divided into control plane (CU-CP) and user plane (CU-UP). Wherein the CU-CP is responsible for control plane functions, mainly including RRC and PDCP-C. The PDCP-C is mainly responsible for one or more of encryption and decryption of control plane data, integrity protection, data transmission and the like. CU-UP is responsible for user plane functions, mainly including SDAP and PDCP-U. Wherein the SDAP is mainly responsible for processing data of the core network and mapping flows to bearers. The PDCP-U is mainly responsible for one or more of encryption and decryption of a data surface, integrity protection, header compression, sequence number maintenance, data transmission and the like. Wherein CU-CP and CU-UP are connected by an interface, e.g. E1 interface. The CU-CP is connected to the core network via an interface (e.g., ng interface) and to the DU via an interface (e.g., F1-C (control plane interface)). CU-UP is connected to DU through an interface, such as F1-U (user plane interface).

A terminal device can also be called a User Equipment (UE), an access terminal, a subscriber unit, a subscriber station, a mobile station, a remote terminal, a mobile device, a user terminal, a wireless communication device, a user agent, or a user equipment. The terminal device in the embodiment of the present application may be a mobile phone (mobile phone), a tablet computer (Pad), a computer with a wireless transceiving function, a Virtual Reality (VR) terminal device, an augmented reality (augmented reality, AR) terminal device, a wireless terminal in industrial control (industrial control), a wireless terminal in unmanned driving (self driving), a wireless terminal in remote medical (remote medical), a wireless terminal in smart grid (smart grid), a wireless terminal in transportation security (transportation safety), a wireless terminal in smart city (smart city), a wireless terminal in smart home (smart home), or the like. The embodiments of the present application are not limited to application scenarios. The methods and steps implemented by the terminal device in the present application may also be implemented by a component (e.g., a chip or a circuit) or the like that may be used in the terminal device. The foregoing terminal device and components (e.g., chips or circuits) that can be provided in the foregoing terminal device are collectively referred to as a terminal device in this application.

It should be understood that fig. 1 is a simplified schematic diagram for ease of understanding only, and that other network devices or other terminal devices may be included in the communication system, which are not shown in fig. 1.

In the current situation of the Mesh network scenario applied in the embodiment of the present application, forwarding is achieved by adopting a flooding (flooding) mode, data received by any node in the network can be forwarded by adopting a broadcasting mode (which can also be called as information, including data information and/or control information, and is not limited in the application), or multi-hop forwarding is performed by adopting a high-level route, namely, routing selection and data forwarding are achieved by a high-level through routing table management and maintenance, after the data is received by a physical layer, the data is subjected to processing such as error control and the like of a layer two or layer three, and then the data is routed and forwarded to a layer three, so that the reliability of the data can be guaranteed by the high-level route, and as the high-level route function directly adopts a node address as a node identifier, the node in the Mesh network generally only establishes a wireless link with a neighbor node, the node address in the routing table is generally the neighbor node address, and when the long-distance communication between a source node and a destination node needs to be implemented through multi-hop relay, each relay node needs to be submitted to the high-level routing address to a next node for forwarding after the data is completed by the physical layer. However, a plurality of unnecessary redundancy forwarding is generated in the multi-hop network by adopting the flooding forwarding mode, so that the problem of network congestion and broadcast storm is caused by collision, and a forwarding mode of high-level routing management is adopted, because each relay node needs to be submitted to a third layer or a second layer for routing after finishing data receiving in a physical layer and then forwarded to a next hop node, a relatively large signal processing time delay can be introduced at each relay node, particularly, when the wireless network scale is large, the problem of the signal processing time delay becomes more serious along with the increase of the hop count and the connection count of the multi-hop relay, and the requirements of different data services on transmission time delay, transmission speed and reliability guarantee are different, so that the technology adopted in the existing Mesh network is difficult to guarantee for the service with low transmission requirement.

In view of this, the embodiments of the present application provide a transmission method for improving transmission efficiency and reducing transmission delay.

The transmission method proposed in the embodiment of the present application is based on physical layer routing, that is, the transmission of data (including service data and/or signaling) between nodes is routed through information of the physical layer (also referred to as parameters of the physical layer). The information of the physical layer may include one or more of the following: the characteristics of the physical layer resources (also referred to as air interface resources), or, the identity carried at the physical layer. It should be noted that, in the embodiments of the present application, transmission includes transmission and/or reception.

Wherein the identification carried at the physical layer may be implemented by a combination of one or more of the following: the identifier carried in the physical layer load (payload), the identifier carried in the physical layer control information, the identifier carried in the information that scrambles or checks the physical layer load or the physical layer control information, or the identifier carried in the sequence information of the reference signal. Wherein, the physical layer load refers to data information of the physical layer.

The characteristics of the physical layer resources may include a combination of one or more of the following: the search space of the control information is identified, the frequency domain resource information of the control information, the time domain resource information of the control information, the spatial domain resource information of the control information, the scrambling sequence information of the Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC) information of the control information, the frequency domain resource information of the reference signal of the control information, the time domain resource information of the reference signal of the control information, the spatial domain resource information of the reference signal of the control information, the sequence information of the reference signal of the control information, the frequency domain resource information of the data information, the time domain resource information of the data information, the spatial domain resource information of the data information, the scrambling sequence information of the CRC check information of the data information, the frequency domain resource information of the reference signal of the data information, the time domain resource information of the reference signal of the data information, the spatial domain resource information of the reference signal of the data information, or the sequence information of the reference signal of the data information.

The above mentioned identification of the search space may include, among others, an index of the control channel element CCE, or information of a positional offset of the search space, for example, information of a positional offset of the search space with respect to the common search space. Wherein the location of the common search space may be the location of the common search space CCE 0. The control node may configure the respective search spaces for different nodes with respect to a common search space, so that the search spaces of different nodes may be distinguished.

Wherein the above-mentioned frequency domain resource information, such as frequency domain resource information of control information, may include one or more of the following: an index of one or more control resource sets (CORESET), or an index of frequency domain units. The frequency domain resource information of the data information may include an index of the frequency domain unit. Wherein the frequency domain unit may include one or more of: one or more resource element groups (resource element group, REG), one or more Resource Blocks (RBs), one or more Resource Elements (REs), one or more subcarriers, or one or more bandwidth parts (BWP). It is understood that the frequency domain resource information of the control information and the frequency domain resource information of the data information may be different.

The above-mentioned time domain resource information, such as the time domain resource information of the control information, may include one or more of the following: an index of one or more search spaces, or an index of time units. The time domain resource information of the data information may include an index of the time unit. Wherein the time units may include one or more of the following: one or more symbols, one or more slots (slots), one or more mini slots (mini slots), one or more subframes, one or more fields, or one or more frames. It is understood that the time domain resource information of the control information and the time domain resource information of the data information may be different.

Due to the transmission method provided by the embodiment of the application, the service data or the signaling is routed through the information of the physical layer, so that the service data or the signaling is only received and processed in the physical layer, or is only received and processed in the physical layer and the Medium Access Control (MAC) layer, and the time delay of receiving and processing can be reduced. In addition, the embodiment of the application does not adopt a flooding mode for transmission, but routes through the information of a specific physical layer, so that the transmission efficiency is improved.

The above information of the physical layer may be stored in a routing table in each node as routing information in the routing table.

Optionally, the routing information may further include a combination of one or more of the following:

an identification of a node and/or group of nodes corresponding to the physical layer information; in this way, the current node can determine that the current node receives and/or transmits the corresponding physical layer information according to the information;

index of hops corresponding to physical layer information, such as nth hop, N being a positive integer; in this way, the current hop can determine that the current node receives and/or transmits the corresponding physical layer information according to the information; alternatively, the correspondence of the current hop to the node may be determined by a pre-configuration or predefining;

an identification of a route from a source node to a destination node (also referred to as session identification); thus, the node in the supporting network can be a public node of a plurality of routing paths, participates in the transmission of more than two routing paths, and can determine the routing paths where the service data and/or signaling are transmitted. Alternatively, the session identity may be transmitted (explicitly or implicitly) with the traffic data and/or signaling so that the receiving node determines the routing path along which the traffic data and/or signaling is transmitted. Alternatively, each routing path (i.e., the route from the source node to the destination node) may be stored in the node as a routing table or a string of corresponding route sets, each routing path being identified by one or more of the following: a routing table index (index), a routing set index (index), a path identification (route ID), a group identification (group ID), a session identification, or a destination node ID, wherein the route ID, the routing table ID, the session identification, or the routing set ID may be used to uniquely identify a path, and the group ID is used to identify all nodes on a path as a group. In this embodiment of the present application, the routing paths are identified by using session identifier as an example, and it can be understood that the session identifier is replaced by other information for identifying the routing paths, which does not affect the implementation of the embodiment of the present application. Alternatively, the session identifier may be configured by the network side for all nodes that the source node passes through to the destination node, i.e. the nodes on the same routing path are configured with the same identifier. The routing set is a series of character strings of the identification of each path from the source node to the destination node, and a plurality of routes participated by one node can be identified by using respective routing set indexes.

Alternatively, one or more of the source node, destination node, or relay node may comprise one or more nodes, such as a group of nodes. That is, a one-hop transmission may be a transmission from one node to another node, or a transmission from one node to a plurality of nodes (i.e., node groups), or a transmission from a plurality of nodes (node groups) to one node, or a transmission from a plurality of nodes (node groups) to a plurality of nodes (node groups).

Alternatively, the routing information in the above routing table may be configured through higher layer signaling (RRC signaling or MAC CE). The manner in which each node obtains the routing information may be directly provided to each node by the network side, or may be obtained by forwarding by another node, which is not limited herein.

It should be noted that, in the embodiment of the present application, the "identifier of a" or the "index of a" is information for indicating or identifying "a" in a certain range, and may be determined by signaling configuration or predefined manner of a protocol, so that, without emphasizing the difference between the two, the meaning of the two is the same or similar, and in the embodiment of the present application, the common words for indicating or identifying different "a" in the communication system are used as far as possible.

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of possible routing paths (also referred to as topology) provided in the embodiment of the present application, and routing information (information of a physical layer, which may also be referred to as parameters of the physical layer) in the routing table is illustrated in the following in connection with the routing paths shown in fig. 2. Fig. 2 illustrates two routing paths (also referred to as two sessions). In one session, the source node is S1, the destination node corresponding to the source node S1 is D1, the information sent to D1 by S1 needs to be forwarded through a series of relay nodes R11, R12, R13, R14 to finally reach the destination node D1, and the path identifier is route 1, where one or more of S1, R11, R12, R13, R14, D1 may correspond to more than one node, i.e. one or more of S1, R11, R12, R13, R14, D1 symbols may represent a node group, and each node group includes at least one node. The number of nodes included in the node group represented by the different symbols may be different or the same, and is not limited herein. The information sent from S1 to D1 may be data information, control information, or data information and control information, and is not limited herein. In the embodiment of the present application, the information is also referred to as data, where the data may be service data or signaling, which is not limited herein.

In this embodiment, a search space in which information of a physical layer for routing is control information is described as an example.

Wherein the search space may be identified with a control channel element index (CCE index). For the topology in fig. 2, the network side may configure different search spaces for the nodes S1, R11, R12, R13, R14, D1, such as CCE 0, CCE 1, CCE 2, CCE 3, CCE 4, CCE 5, respectively, and then the nodes R11, R12, R13, R14, D1 may detect the control information in the respective corresponding search spaces, such as CCE 1, CCE 2, CCE 3, CCE 4, CCE 5, respectively. The node sends information to another node (i.e. the next hop node), and may send control information over the search space of another node, e.g. if S1 sends information to R11, the control information is sent in the search space CCE 1 of R11.

The network side configures routing information for the node to reach the destination node, and the first possible configuration is that the routing information indicates all nodes through which the source node reaches the destination node, and the routing information can be represented by a routing table or a routing set.

The following are possible ways in a first possible configuration:

mode 1-1, form of routing table, and each hop (node) route in the routing information is a specific search space corresponding to each hop

Taking the node R11 in fig. 2 as an example, the network side configures a routing table for the source node S1 to reach the destination node D1 for the node R11, where each node in the routing table has a corresponding relationship with each search space, and the following table 1 shows routing information of the node R11.

Table 1 routing table for node R11 (indicating all nodes traversed from source node to destination node)

According to table 1, the node R11 checks the routing table according to the search space CCE 1 configured by itself, and can know that the next hop of itself needs to send a control message to the search space CCE 2, and according to table 1, can know one or more of the information such as the hop of the source node to the destination node, the search space of all hops, and the sequence.

Modes 1-2, form of routing table, and each hop (node) route in the routing information is a node ID corresponding to each hop (node)

Taking the node R11 in fig. 2 as an example, the network side configures a routing table for the source node S1 to reach the destination node D1 for the node R11, where each node in the routing table has a corresponding relationship with the node ID, and the following table 2 shows routing information of the node R11.

Table 2 routing table for node R11 (indicating all nodes traversed from source node to destination node)

Nth (N) _hop Jumping	Node ID
		Source node	ID of S1
1 ^st hop	ID of R11
		2 ^nd hop	ID of R12
3 ^rd hop	ID of R13
		4 ^th hop	ID of R14
5 ^th hop	ID of D1

According to table 2, the node R11 can know the ID of the next hop node according to the ID configured by itself and look up the routing table, and can know one or more of the information such as the hop from the source node to the destination node, the node IDs of all hops, and the sequence according to table 2.

Modes 1-3, form of route set, each hop (node) route in the route information is search space corresponding to each hop

Taking the node R11 in fig. 2 as an example, the network side configures a route set { CCE 0,CCE 1,CCE 2,CCE 3,CCE 4,CCE 5} for the node R11 to indicate the route from the source node S1 to the destination node D1, where the node R11 can know that the next hop needs to send a control message to the search space CCE 2 according to the search space CCE 1 configured by itself and view the route set, and can know one or more of the information such as the hop count position from the source node to the destination node, the search space and the sequence of all hops according to the route set.

Modes 1-4, form of route set, each hop (node) route in the route information is node ID corresponding to each hop (node)

Taking the node R11 in fig. 2 as an example, the network side configures a route set { S1 ID, R11 ID, R12 ID, R13 ID, R14 ID, D1 ID } for the node R11 to indicate the route from the source node S1 to the destination node D1, and the node R11 can learn the ID of the next hop node according to the configured ID, the view route set, and can learn one or more of the information such as the hop count position from the source node to the destination node, the node IDs of all hops, and the sequence according to the route set.

The network side configures routing information for the node to reach the destination node, and the second possible configuration is that the routing information indicates all nodes through which the node reaches the destination node, and the routing information can be represented by a routing table or a routing set.

The following are the second possible configurations:

mode 2-1, form of routing table, and each hop (node) route in the routing information is a specific search space corresponding to each hop (node)

Taking the node R11 in fig. 2 as an example, the network side configures a routing table for the node R11 to reach the destination node D1, where each node in the routing table has a corresponding relationship with each search space, as shown in table 3 below, is routing information of the node R11, where X in the table is represented as an xth hop of the node on a path from the source node to the destination node, for example, R11 is a first hop on a path from S1 to D1, that is, X is 1, and the node may learn the value of X, thereby learn what hop is and how many complete hops the source node reaches the destination node, and the node may acquire the value of X and may be configured through the network side, or may be notified through the source node or a node in the middle of the source node and the node. Alternatively, the value of X may not be known, and X is not represented in the routing table, and data transmission is not affected.

Table 3 routing table for node R11 (indicating all nodes traversed by the node to the destination node)

X+N _hop Jumping	Search space
		X+1 ^st hop	CCE 2
X+2 ^nd hop	CCE 3
		X+3 ^rd hop	CCE 4
X+4 ^th hop	CCE 5

According to table 3, the node R11 checks the search space of the next-hop node of itself, and when it is required to send or forward data to the next-hop node, it is required to send a control message to the search space CCE 2, and according to table 3, it is possible to learn one or more of the search space and sequence information of all the nodes through which itself arrives at the destination node.

Mode 2-2, form of routing table, and each hop (node) route in the routing information is a node ID corresponding to each hop (node)

Taking the node R11 in fig. 2 as an example, the network side configures a routing table for the node R11 to reach the destination node D1, where each hop in the routing table has a corresponding relationship with a node ID corresponding to each hop, and the following table 4 shows routing information of the node R11. Similarly, X in the table indicates that the node is in the X-th hop on the path from the source node to the destination node, for example, R11 is in the first hop on the path from S1 to D1, that is, X is 1, and the node may learn the value of X, thereby learn what hop the node is in and how many complete hops the source node reaches the destination node, and the node may obtain the value of X and may be configured through the network side, or may be notified through the source node or a node in the middle of the source node and the node. Alternatively, the value of X may not be known, and X is not represented in the routing table, and data transmission is not affected.

Table 4 routing table for node R11 (indicating all nodes traversed by the node to the destination node)

X+N _hop Jumping	Node ID
		X+1 ^st hop	ID of R12
X+2 ^nd hop	ID of R13
		X+3 ^rd hop	ID of R14
X+4 ^th hop	ID of D1

According to table 4, the node R11 can know the ID of the next-hop node by looking up the routing table, and can know one or more of the IDs and the order of all the nodes through which it reaches the destination node according to table 4.

Modes 2-3, form of route set, and each hop (node) route in the route information is a specific search space corresponding to each hop (node)

Taking the node R11 in fig. 2 as an example, the network side configures a route set { CCE 2,CCE 3,CCE 4,CCE 5} for the node R11 to indicate the route of the node to reach the destination node D1, the node R11 checks the route set to know the search space of the next-hop node itself, and when the next-hop node needs to send or forward data, control information is sent in the search space CCE 2, and according to the route set, one or more of the search space and the sequence of all the nodes through which the node reaches the destination node itself can be known. Thus, if the current node is a relay node with two or more routes, the destination node (the destination node information can be carried in the physical layer message) of the current session can know the route of the current session, and further know the next hop.

Modes 2-4, form of route set, and each hop (node) route in the route information is the node ID corresponding to each hop (node)

Taking the node R11 in fig. 2 as an example, the network side configures a routing set { R12 ID, R13 ID, R14 ID, D1 ID } for the node R11 to indicate the route of the node to reach the destination node D1, and the node R11 checks the routing set to know the ID of the next-hop node, and according to the routing set, can know one or more of all node IDs and information such as sequence that the node passes by reaching the destination node.

The network side configures routing information reaching the destination node for the node, and a third possible configuration is to indicate a part of nodes in all nodes through which the destination node is reached, for example, the part of nodes may include a next-hop node and the destination node, or the part of nodes may include only the next-hop node, or the part of nodes may include a source node, a next-hop node, the destination node, and the like. The partial nodes at least contain next-hop node information, and other nodes contained in the partial nodes are not limited in the embodiment of the present application. The routing information may be represented in the form of a routing table or a routing set, etc., and each hop (node) in the routing information is routed as one or more of a specific search space or a node ID corresponding to each hop (node).

The following are third possible configurations:

mode 3-1, in the form of a routing table, each hop (node) route in the routing information is a specific search space corresponding to each hop (node), and the routing information indicates the next hop node and the destination node

Taking the node R11 in fig. 2 as an example, the network side configures a routing table indicating a next hop node and a destination node for the node R11, each node in the routing table has a corresponding relationship with respective search spaces, as shown in the following table 5, routing information of the node R11 is shown in the following table 5, and in the following table 5, when the node R11 needs to send or forward to the destination node, looking up the routing table can know that the next hop itself needs to send a control message to the search space CCE 2, and can know information such as the search space of the destination node. Thus, if the current node is a relay node with two or more routes, the destination node (the destination node information can be carried in the physical layer message) of the current session can know the route of the current session, and further know the next hop.

Table 5 routing table for node R11 (partial node indicating the passage of source node to destination node)

Meaning of parameters	Parameter value
		Search space of next hop node	CCE 2
Search space for destination nodes	CCE 5

Mode 3-2, in the form of route set, each hop (node) route in the route information is a search space corresponding to each hop (node), and the route information indicates the next hop node and the destination node

Taking the node R11 in fig. 2 as an example, the network side configures a search space of a next hop node and a destination node on a route where R11 reaches the destination node D1 for the node R11 by a route set { CCE 2, CCE 5 }.

Mode 3-3, using the form of routing table, each hop (node) route in the routing information is the node ID corresponding to each hop (node), the routing information indicates the next hop node and the destination node

Taking the node R11 in fig. 2 as an example, the network side configures a routing table indicating a next-hop node and a destination node for the node R11, where each node in the routing table has a corresponding relationship with a node ID, as shown in table 6 below is routing information of the node R11, and in table 6, when the node R11 needs to send or forward to the destination node, the ID of the next-hop node on the route reaching the destination node can be known by looking up the routing table.

Table 6 routing table for node R11 (partial node indicating the passage of source node to destination node)

Meaning of parameters	Parameter value
		Next hop node ID	ID of R12
Destination node ID	ID of D1

Modes 3-4, wherein each hop (node) route in the route information is a node ID corresponding to each hop (node) in the form of route set, and the route information indicates the next hop node and the destination node

Taking the node R11 in fig. 2 as an example, the network side configures the node R11 with the ID of the route set { R12, the ID of D1 } indicating the next-hop node ID on the route where R11 reaches the destination node D1.

3-5, in the form of a routing table, each hop (node) route in the routing information is a search space corresponding to each hop (node), and the routing information indicates a source node, a next hop node and a destination node

Taking the node R11 in fig. 2 as an example, the network side configures a routing table indicating a source node, a next hop node and a destination node for the node R11, where each node in the routing table has a corresponding relationship with respective search spaces, as shown in the following table 7, is routing information of the node R11, and in table 7, when the node R11 needs to send or forward to the destination node, looking up the routing table can know that the next hop itself needs to send a control message to the search space CCE 2, and can know one or more of information such as search spaces of the source node and the destination node.

Table 7 routing table for node R11 (partial node indicating the passage of source node to destination node)

Meaning of parameters	Parameter value
		Search space of source node	CCE 0
Search space of next hop node	CCE 2
		Search space for destination nodes	CCE 5

Modes 3-6, wherein each hop (node) route in the route information is a search space corresponding to each hop (node) in the form of route set, and the route information indicates a source node, a next hop node and a destination node

Taking the node R11 in fig. 2 as an example, the network side configures a route set { CCE 0, CCE 2, CCE 5} for the node R11 to indicate search spaces of the source node of R11, the next-hop node on the route to the destination node D1, and the destination node, respectively.

3-7, in the form of a routing table, each hop (node) route in the routing information is a node ID corresponding to each hop (node), and the routing information indicates a source node, a next hop node and a destination node

Taking the node R11 in fig. 2 as an example, the network side configures a routing table indicating a source node, a next-hop node and a destination node for the node R11, where each node in the routing table has a corresponding relationship with a node ID, as shown in table 8 below, the routing information of the node R11 is shown in table 8, and in table 8, the node R11 checks the routing table to know the ID of the next-hop node on the route from the source node to the destination node.

Table 8 routing table for node R11 (partial node indicating the passage of source node to destination node)

Meaning of parameters	Parameter value
		Source node ID	ID of S1
Next hop node ID	ID of R12
		Destination node ID	ID of D1

Modes 3-8, wherein each hop (node) route in the route information is a node ID corresponding to each hop (node) in the form of route set, and the route information indicates a source node, a next hop node and a destination node

Taking the node R11 in fig. 2 as an example, the network side configures the node R11 with the ID of the routing set { S1, the ID of R12, the ID of D1 } indicates the next hop node ID of R11 on the route where S1 reaches the destination node D1

Modes 3-9, in the form of routing table, each hop (node) route in the routing information is the search space corresponding to each hop (node), and the routing information indicates the next hop node

Taking the node R11 in fig. 2 as an example, when the route information indicates only the next-hop node, the network side configures a route table indicating the next-hop node for the node R11, where each node in the route table has a corresponding relationship with the respective search space, and the route information of the node R11 is shown in the following table 9.

Table 9 routing table for node R11 (indicating the partial nodes traversed by the source node to the destination node)

Meaning of parameters	Parameter value
		Search space of next hop node	CCE 2

Modes 3-10, wherein each hop (node) route in the route information is a search space corresponding to each hop (node) in the form of route set, and the route information indicates the next hop node

Taking the node R11 in fig. 2 as an example, the network side configures a search space of a routing set { CCE 2} indicating a next-hop node of R11 for the node R11.

Modes 3-11, in the form of routing table, each hop (node) route in the routing information is the node ID corresponding to each hop (node), and the routing information indicates the next hop node

Taking the node R11 in fig. 2 as an example, the network side configures a routing table indicating a next-hop node for the node R11, each node in the routing table has a corresponding relationship with a node ID, and the following table 10 shows routing information of the node R11, and in the table 10, the node R11 checks the routing table to know the ID of the next-hop node.

Table 10 routing table for node R11 (partial node indicating the passage of source node to destination node)

Meaning of parameters	Parameter value
		Next hop node ID	ID of R12

Modes 3-12, in the form of route set, each hop (node) route in the route information is the node ID corresponding to each hop (node), and the route information indicates the next hop node

Taking the node R11 in fig. 2 as an example, the network side configures a routing set { ID of R12 } for the node R11 to indicate the node ID of the next hop of R11.

Alternatively, the routing information may include more than one physical layer parameter, that is, the routing of each node includes not only one physical layer information, but also a combination of multiple physical layer information, or the routing information may indicate a mapping relationship of multiple physical layer information besides the routing, for example, a combination of a search space of control information and/or a node ID.

Taking the node R11 in fig. 2 as an example, when the network side configures a route for the source node S1 to reach the destination node D1 for the node R11, each node in the route table has a corresponding relationship with its respective search space and its node ID, as shown in the following table 11 as route information of the node R11.

Table 11 routing table for node R11 (indicating all nodes traversed from source node to destination node)

Nth (N) _hop Jumping	Node ID	Search space
			Source node	ID of S1	CCE 0
1 ^st hop	ID of R11	CCE 1
			2 ^nd hop	ID of R12	CCE 2
3 ^rd hop	ID of R13	CCE 3
			4 ^th hop	ID of R14	CCE 4
5 ^th hop	ID of D1	CCE 5

According to table 11, node R11 looks up the routing table to know its own next-hop node ID and search space CCE 2 according to its own configured node ID or search space CCE 1, and according to table 11, it can know one or more of information such as which hop from the source node to the destination node, the node IDs of all hops, the search space and the order.

When the network side configures a route for the node R11 to reach the destination node D1, taking a routing table as an example, each node in the routing table has a corresponding relationship with its respective search space and its node ID, and the following table 12 shows routing information of the node R11.

Table 12 routing table for node R11 (indicating all nodes traversed by the node to the destination node)

X+N _hop Jumping	Node ID	Search space
			X+1 ^st hop	ID of R12	CCE 2
X+2 ^nd hop	ID of R13	CCE 3
			X+3 ^rd hop	ID of R14	CCE 4
X+4 ^th hop	ID of D1	CCE 5

When the network side configures a route for the node R11 to reach the destination node D1 and indicates a part of the nodes, taking a routing table as an example, the correspondence between each node in the routing table and its respective search space and its node ID is shown in the following table 13, 14 or 15 as routing information of the node R11.

Table 13 routing table for node R11 (indicating the partial node to pass through to the destination node)

Meaning of parameters	First parameter (node ID) value	First parameter (search space) value
			Next hop node	ID of R12	CCE 2
Destination node	ID of D1	CCE 5

Table 14 routing table for node R11 (partial node indicating the passage of source node to destination node)

Meaning of parameters	First parameter (node ID) value	First parameter (search space) value
			Source node ID	ID of S1	CCE 0
Next hop node ID	ID of R12	CCE 2
			Destination node ID	ID of D1	CCE 5

Table 15 routing table for node R11 (indicating the partial node to pass through to the destination node)

Meaning of parameters	First parameter (node ID) value	First parameter (search space) value
			Next hop node ID	ID of R12	CCE 2

Furthermore, it is mentioned above that one or more of S1, R11, R12, R13, R14, D1 may correspond to more than one node, e.g. one or more of S1, R11, R12, R13, R14, D1 symbols may correspond to a group of nodes, so that for a source node, a next hop node, or one or more of the destination nodes in the routing table or the routing set described above may correspond to more than one node, e.g. to a group of nodes, a corresponding parameter of the physical layer such as a search space or a node ID in the routing information may also be a group, and further, a group ID may be configured for each group of nodes, a corresponding group ID in the routing information may include a group ID identifier, e.g. a next hop node group ID, a destination node group ID. Thus, taking R11 in fig. 2 as an example, R11 can know the node (group) ID of the next hop and/or the search space (group) CCE set 2 of the next hop by looking up the routing table according to the node group ID and/or the search space group CCE set 1 configured by the R11, and further perform corresponding data transmission or forwarding.

It is understood that for the source node or the relay node, the above configuration information may include at least information of the physical layer (parameters of the physical layer) of the next hop node (group). This may reduce configuration signaling. The information of the physical layer only listed in the above example includes information of the search space, such as CCE index, or one or more of the node IDs, it is understood that, alternatively, the information of the physical layer may include other information, such as may include a combination of one or more of the following: frequency domain resource information of control information, time domain resource information of control information, spatial domain resource information of control information, scrambling sequence information of Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC) information of control information, frequency domain resource information of reference signal of control information, time domain resource information of reference signal of control information, spatial domain resource information of reference signal of control information, sequence information of reference signal of control information, frequency domain resource information of data information, time domain resource information of data information, spatial domain resource information of data information, scrambling sequence information of CRC check information of data information, frequency domain resource information of reference signal of data information, time domain resource information of reference signal of data information, or sequence information of reference signal of data information.

As described above, taking fig. 2 as an example, it can be seen that for one session, the nodes on the routing path may include a source node, a relay node, and a destination node. The source node, the relay node, and the destination node are referred to as node types. Wherein the source node involves transmission, the relay node involves reception and forwarding at the same time, and the destination node involves reception. As also mentioned previously, the information of the physical layer in the embodiments of the present application may include one or more of the characteristics of the physical layer resources (which may also be referred to as air interface resources), or the identities carried in the physical layer. The information of the physical layer for routing is described below as a feature of physical layer resources (also referred to as air interface resources), and the information of the physical layer for routing is described separately for the identifier carried at the physical layer. Further, the transmissions (which may also be referred to as transmission forms) in embodiments of the present application may include one or more of the following transmission forms: (1) The information to be forwarded is included in the data (including traffic data and/or signaling) or control information and is routed through the information of the physical layer of the control information that schedules the transmission of the data or control information (referred to as transmission form one), i.e., the information to be forwarded is carried in a data channel or control channel, where the data channel or control channel is scheduled by another control channel; (2) The information to be forwarded is included in the control information and routed through the information of the physical layer used for the control information transmission (referred to as transmission form two), i.e., the information to be forwarded is carried in the control channel; or, (3) the information to be forwarded is included in the data (traffic data and/or signaling) and routed through the information of the physical layer used for data transmission (referred to as transmission form three), i.e. the information to be forwarded is carried in the data channel. The transmission method provided by the embodiment of the present application will be described below with respect to a combination of the node type, the information of the physical layer, and the transmission form.

As shown in fig. 3 to 11, in the case where the physical layer information is a physical layer resource (also referred to as an air interface resource), the transmission form is a transmission method flow chart of a source node, a relay node, or a destination node in the case where the transmission form is one, two, or three, respectively.

Fig. 3 to 5 are schematic diagrams of transmission methods of a source node, a relay node, and a destination node, respectively, in the case where the information of the physical layer is a physical layer resource (may also be referred to as an air interface resource), the transmission form is transmission form one (the information to be transmitted is included in data (including traffic data and/or signaling) or control information, and the information of the physical layer of the control information transmitted by scheduling the data or the control information is routed).

The node type corresponding to fig. 3 is a source node, and the corresponding transmission method includes:

s301, first control information is sent on first air interface resources according to first routing information, wherein the first routing information comprises the characteristics of the air interface resources, the characteristics of the air interface resources comprise the characteristics of the first air interface resources, and the first control information indicates first resources used for the first information;

s302, the first information is sent on the first resource.

The method may further comprise:

s3000, receiving the first route information from the control node.

The method may further comprise:

s300, determining the first air interface resource corresponding to the next hop node according to the first route information.

The node type corresponding to fig. 4 is a relay node, and the corresponding transmission method includes:

s403, third control information is sent on a third air interface resource according to second routing information, wherein the second routing information comprises the characteristics of the air interface resource, the characteristics of the air interface resource comprise the characteristics of the third air interface resource, and the third control information indicates third resources used for the first information;

s404, the first information is sent on the third resource.

Optionally, the air interface resource further includes a second air interface resource, and the method further includes:

s4021, receiving second control information on the second air interface resource, wherein the characteristics of the second air interface resource are different from those of the third air interface resource;

s4022, the first information is received according to the second control information.

Optionally, the characteristics of the air interface resource include characteristics of the second air interface resource.

Optionally, the second control information indicates a second resource for the first information, and the receiving the first information according to the second control information includes:

The first information is received on a second resource indicated by the second control information.

Optionally, the method may further include:

s401, receiving the second routing information from the control node.

Optionally, the method may further include:

s4000, determining the second air interface resource corresponding to the current node.

Optionally, the method may further include:

s4001, determining the third air interface resource corresponding to the next hop node according to the second routing information.

The node type corresponding to fig. 5 is a destination node, and the corresponding transmission method includes:

s502, fourth control information is received on fourth air interface resources, wherein the fourth control information indicates fourth resources used for the first information;

s503, receiving the first information on the fourth resource;

and S504, determining not to forward the first information according to the fourth control information, wherein the fourth control information indicates that the current node is a destination node.

The destination node may be a node, or may be a node in the destination node group. The fourth control information indicating that the current node is the destination node may include fourth control information indicating that the current node belongs to the destination node group.

Optionally, the fourth control information indicates that the current node is a destination node or a node in the destination node group includes: the fourth air interface resource is characterized by corresponding to a last hop.

Optionally, the characteristics of the fourth air interface resource are included in third routing information, the third routing information includes characteristics of an air interface resource corresponding to one or more hops, the one or more hops include a last hop, the air interface resource includes the fourth air interface resource, and the air interface resource is an air interface resource of control information corresponding to one hop, and the one hop corresponds to one node or one node group.

Optionally, the method may further include:

s501, determining the fourth air interface resource corresponding to the current node.

Optionally, the method may further include:

s500, third route information from the control node is received.

In the embodiment of the application, the air interface resources of the control information corresponding to the nodes are used for routing, and the characteristics of the air interface resources of the control information corresponding to the nodes corresponding to different hops are different. The first information is information to be transmitted, and may be service data and/or signaling.

In the transmission method provided in fig. 3 to fig. 5, the characteristics of the air interface resource may be one or more of the characteristics of the physical layer resource related to the control information, for example, may include one or more of the following:

Frequency domain resource information of the control information; time domain resource information of the control information; airspace resource information of the control information; scrambling sequence information of the control information; scrambling sequence information of Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC) information of control information; frequency domain resource information of a reference signal of control information, time domain resource information of the reference signal of control information, and space domain resource information of the reference signal of control information; sequence information of reference signals of control information.

The frequency domain resource information and the time domain resource information of the control information may refer to the foregoing descriptions, and are not repeated herein.

It will be appreciated that the routing information that the nodes corresponding to each hop have may be the same for different hops, or may be different. For example, at least two of the aforementioned first routing information, second routing information, and third routing information may be the same or different. When the two pieces of route information are identical, the two pieces of route information include route information that is a union of route information required for the two-hop route.

Fig. 6 to 8 are flowcharts of a transmission method in which when information of a physical layer is a physical layer resource (which may be referred to as an air interface resource), and when a transmission form is a transmission form two (when information to be transmitted is included in control information and is routed through information of the physical layer used for transmission of the control information), node types are a source node, a relay node, and a destination node, respectively.

In fig. 6 to 8, in the description of the transmission method involving the source node, the relay node, and the destination node, the numbers adopted for the routing information, the air interface resource, the control information, and the like overlap with those in fig. 3 to 5. It will be understood that the routing information, the air-interface resource, or the control information with coincident numbers do not represent that the two are the same, for example, the first routing information, the first air-interface resource, the feature of the first air-interface resource, and the first control information adopted by both the method corresponding to fig. 3 and the method corresponding to fig. 6 are described, and the first routing information, the first air-interface resource, the feature of the first air-interface resource, and the feature of the first air-interface resource in the method corresponding to fig. 3 are not represented, and the first routing information, the first air-interface resource, the feature of the first air-interface resource, and the first control information in the method corresponding to fig. 6 are the same. In the following description of schemes for other combinations of physical layer information, transmission forms and node types, coincident numbers will be adopted, and the relationship thereof will not be described in detail later.

The node type corresponding to fig. 6 is a source node, and the corresponding transmission method includes:

s601, first control information is sent on a first air interface resource according to first routing information, wherein the first routing information comprises the characteristics of the air interface resource, the characteristics of the air interface resource comprise the characteristics of the first air interface resource, and the first control information comprises first information.

The method may further comprise:

s600, determining a first air interface resource corresponding to the next hop node according to the first route information.

The method may further comprise:

s6000, the first route information from the control node is received.

The node type corresponding to fig. 7 is a relay node, and the corresponding transmission method includes:

s703, third control information is sent on a third air interface resource according to second routing information, wherein the second routing information comprises the characteristics of the air interface resource, the characteristics of the air interface resource comprise the characteristics of the third air interface resource, and the third control information comprises the first information.

The method may further comprise:

s702, receiving second control information according to a second air interface resource, wherein the characteristics of the second air interface resource are different from those of the first air interface resource, and the second control information comprises the first information.

Optionally, the characteristics of the second air interface resource are included in the second routing information.

The method may further comprise:

s701, determining a third air interface resource corresponding to the next hop node according to the second routing information.

The method may further comprise:

s700, determining that the current node corresponds to the second air interface resource.

Optionally, the method may further include:

s7000 receives the second routing information from the control node.

The node type corresponding to fig. 8 is a destination node, and the corresponding transmission method includes:

s802, receiving fourth control information on a fourth air interface resource, wherein the fourth control information comprises first information;

s804, determining not to forward the first information according to the fourth control information, wherein the fourth control information indicates that the current node is a destination node.

Optionally, the method may further include:

s800, determining the fourth air interface resource corresponding to the current node.

Optionally, the method may further include:

s8000, receiving the third route information from the control node.

In the transmission method provided in fig. 6 to fig. 8, the characteristics of the air interface resource may be one or more of the characteristics of the physical layer resource related to the control information, for example, may include one or more of the following:

Fig. 9 to 11 are flowcharts of a transmission method in which in a case where information of a physical layer is a physical layer resource (may also be referred to as an air interface resource), a transmission form is a transmission form three (in a case where information to be transmitted is included in data (service data and/or signaling) and is routed through information of a physical layer used for data transmission), node types are source nodes, relay nodes, and destination nodes, respectively.

The node type corresponding to fig. 9 is a source node, and the corresponding transmission method includes:

s901, first data information is sent on a first air interface resource according to first routing information, wherein the first routing information comprises the characteristics of the first air interface resource, and the first data information comprises first information.

The method may further comprise:

s900, determining the first air interface resource corresponding to the next hop node according to the first route information.

The method may further comprise:

s9000, receive the first routing information from the control node.

The node type corresponding to fig. 10 is a relay node, and the corresponding transmission method includes:

s1003, third data information is sent on a third air interface resource according to second routing information, wherein the second routing information comprises the characteristics of the air interface resource, the characteristics of the air interface resource comprise the characteristics of the third air interface resource, and the third data information comprises the first information.

The method may further comprise:

s1002, receiving second data information according to a second air interface resource, wherein the characteristics of the second air interface resource are different from those of the first air interface resource, and the second data information comprises the first information.

The method may further comprise:

s1001, determining a third air interface resource corresponding to the next hop node according to the second routing information.

The method may further comprise:

s1000, determining the second air interface resource corresponding to the current node.

Optionally, the method may further include:

s10000, receiving second route information from the control node.

The node type corresponding to fig. 11 is a destination node, and the corresponding transmission method includes:

s1102, receiving fourth data information on a fourth air interface resource, wherein the fourth data information comprises first information;

and S1104, determining not to forward the first information according to the fourth data information, wherein the fourth data information indicates that the current node is a destination node.

The destination node may be a node, or may be a node in the destination node group. The fourth data information indicating that the current node is the destination node may include fourth data information indicating that the current node belongs to the destination node group.

Optionally, the fourth data information indicates that the current node is a destination node or a node in the destination node group includes: the fourth air interface resource is characterized by corresponding to a last hop.

Optionally, the method may further include:

s1100, determining the fourth air interface resource corresponding to the current node.

Optionally, the method may further include:

s11000, third route information from the control node is received.

In the embodiment of the application, the air interface resources of the data information corresponding to the nodes are used for routing, and the characteristics of the air interface resources of the data information corresponding to the nodes corresponding to different hops are different. The first information is information to be transmitted, and may be service data and/or signaling.

In the transmission method provided in fig. 9 to 11, the characteristics of the air interface resource may be one or more of the characteristics of the physical layer resource related to the data information, for example, may include one or more of the following:

frequency domain resource information of data information, time domain resource information of data information, spatial domain resource information of data information, scrambling sequence information of CRC check information of data information, frequency domain resource information of reference signal of data information, time domain resource information of reference signal of data information, spatial domain resource information of reference signal of data information, or sequence information of reference signal of data information.

The frequency domain resource information and the time domain resource information of the data information may refer to the foregoing descriptions, and are not repeated herein.

It will be appreciated that the routing information that the nodes corresponding to each hop have may be the same for different hops, or may be different. For example, at least two of the aforementioned first routing information, second routing information, and third routing information may be the same or different. When the two pieces of route information are identical, the two pieces of route information include route information including at least a union of route information required for two-hop routing.

As shown in fig. 12 to 20, in the case where the information of the physical layer is a one-hop identifier (for example, an identifier of a node corresponding to a one-hop or an identifier of a node group corresponding to a one-hop), the transmission forms are respectively a transmission form one, a transmission form two, or a transmission method flowchart in the case where the node type is a source node, a relay node, or a destination node.

Fig. 12 to 14 are schematic diagrams of transmission methods in which, in the case where information of a physical layer is a one-hop identifier, a transmission form is a transmission form one (information to be transmitted is included in data (including service data and/or signaling) or control information and information of the physical layer of the control information transmitted by scheduling the data or the control information is routed), node types are source nodes, relay nodes, and destination nodes, respectively.

The node type corresponding to fig. 12 is a source node, and the corresponding transmission method includes:

s1201, sending first control information according to first routing information, where the first routing information includes an identifier of a next hop of a current node, the first control information indicates the identifier of the next hop, and the first control information further indicates a first resource for the first information;

specifically, the source node may determine an identifier of a next hop according to the first routing information, and further send first control information indicating the identifier of the next hop.

S1202, the first information is sent on the first resource.

The method may further include:

s1200, receiving the first routing information from a control node.

Optionally, the identification of the first control information indicating the next hop of the current node includes:

the first control information includes an identification of a next hop of the current node, or,

the scrambling sequence information of the first control information, the scrambling sequence information of the CRC check information of the first control information, or one or more items of sequence information of the reference signal of the first control information correspond to the identification of the next hop of the current node.

The node type corresponding to fig. 13 is a relay node, and the corresponding transmission method includes:

S1303, third control information is sent according to second routing information, wherein the second routing information comprises the identification of the next hop of the current node, the third control information indicates the identification of the next hop, and the third control information also indicates third resources for the first information;

and S1304, transmitting the first information on the third resource.

The method still further comprises:

s13021, receiving second control information according to the identification of the hop corresponding to the current node, wherein the second control information indicates the identification of the hop corresponding to the current node;

and S13022, receiving the first information according to the second control information.

Optionally, the identification of the hop corresponding to the current node is included in the second routing information.

Optionally, the second control information further indicates a second resource for the first information, and the receiving the first information according to the second control information includes:

Optionally, the method may further include:

s1301, receiving the second routing information from the control node.

Optionally, the method may further include:

S1300, determining the identification of the hop corresponding to the current node.

Optionally, the identification of the hop corresponding to the current node is included in second routing information, where the second routing information includes an identification corresponding to one or more hops, where the one or more hops include a hop corresponding to the current node, and the one hop corresponds to one node or one node group.

Optionally, the identification of the second control information indicating the hop corresponding to the current node includes:

the second control information includes an identification of a hop corresponding to the current node, or,

scrambling sequence information of the second control information, scrambling sequence information of CRC check information of the second control information, or one or more items of sequence information of reference signals of the second control information correspond to an identification of a hop corresponding to the current node.

Optionally, the identification of the third control information indicating the next hop of the current node includes:

the third control information includes an identification of a next hop of the current node, or,

the scrambling sequence information of the third control information, the scrambling sequence information of the CRC check information of the third control information, or one or more items of sequence information of the reference signal of the third control information correspond to the identification of the next hop of the current node.

The node type corresponding to fig. 14 is a destination node, and the corresponding transmission method includes:

s1402, receiving fourth control information according to the identification of the hop corresponding to the current node, wherein the fourth control information indicates fourth resources for the first information and the identification of the hop corresponding to the current node;

s1403, receiving the first information on the fourth resource;

and S1404, determining not to forward the first information according to the fourth control information, wherein the fourth control information indicates that the current node is a destination node.

Optionally, the fourth control information indicates that the current node is a destination node or a node in the destination node group includes: and the identification of the hop corresponding to the current node indicated by the fourth control information corresponds to the last hop.

Optionally, the identification of the hop corresponding to the current node is included in third routing information, where the third routing information includes an identification corresponding to one or more hops, where the one or more hops include the hop corresponding to the current node, and the one hop corresponds to one node or one node group.

Optionally, the identification of the fourth control information indicating the hop corresponding to the current node includes:

the fourth control information includes an identification of a hop corresponding to the current node, or,

the scrambling sequence information of the fourth control information, the scrambling sequence information of the CRC check information of the first control information, or one or more items of sequence information of the reference signal of the first control information correspond to the identification of the hop corresponding to the current node.

Optionally, the method may further include:

s1401, determining an identification of a hop corresponding to the current node.

Optionally, the method may further include:

s1400, third routing information from the control node is received.

In the embodiment of the application, the identifiers corresponding to the nodes are used for routing, and the identifiers corresponding to the nodes corresponding to different hops are different. The first information is information to be transmitted, and may be service data and/or signaling.

Fig. 15 to 17 are flowcharts of a transmission method in which, in the case where information of the physical layer is a one-hop identifier (for example, an identifier of a node corresponding to one hop or an identifier of a node group corresponding to one hop), the transmission form is transmission form two (information to be transmitted is included in control information and is routed through information of the physical layer used for transmission of the control information), the types of the nodes are source nodes, relay nodes, and destination nodes, respectively.

In fig. 15 to 17, in the description of the transmission method involving the source node, the relay node, and the destination node, the numbers used for the route information, the resource, the control information, and the like overlap with those in fig. 12 to 14. It will be appreciated that the routing information, the resources, or the control information with overlapping numbers do not represent the same, for example, the first routing information, the first resource, and the first control information used in both the method corresponding to fig. 12 and the method corresponding to fig. 15 are described, and do not represent the first routing information, the first resource, and the first control information in the method corresponding to fig. 12, which are the same as the first routing information, the first resource, and the first control information in the method corresponding to fig. 6. In the following description of schemes for other combinations of physical layer information, transmission forms and node types, coincident numbers will be adopted, and the relationship thereof will not be described in detail later.

The node type corresponding to fig. 15 is a source node, and the corresponding transmission method includes:

s1501, first control information is sent according to first routing information, wherein the first routing information comprises an identifier of a next hop of a current node, the first control information indicates the identifier, and the first control information comprises first information.

Specifically, the source node may determine, according to the first routing information, an identifier of a next hop, and further send first control information indicating the identifier.

The method may further comprise:

s1500, receiving the first routing information from the control node.

The node type corresponding to fig. 16 is a relay node, and the corresponding transmission method includes:

s1603, third control information is sent according to second routing information, where the second routing information includes an identifier of a next hop of the current node, the third control information indicates the identifier, and the third control information includes the first information.

The method may further comprise:

s1602, receiving second control information according to the identification of the hop corresponding to the current node, wherein the identification of the hop corresponding to the current node is different from the identification of the next hop of the current node, and the second control information comprises the first information.

The method may further comprise:

s1601, determining the identification of the next hop of the current node according to the second routing information. Wherein S1603 may include the step S1601, that is, the relay node may determine an identifier of a next hop according to the second routing information, and further send third control information indicating the identifier.

The method may further comprise:

s1600, determining the identification of the hop corresponding to the current node.

Optionally, the method may further include:

s16000, second routing information is received from the control node.

The node type corresponding to fig. 17 is a destination node, and the corresponding transmission method includes:

s1702, fourth control information is received according to the identification of the hop corresponding to the current node, the fourth control information indicates the identification of the hop corresponding to the current node, and the fourth control information comprises first information;

And S1704, determining not to forward the first information according to the fourth control information, wherein the fourth control information indicates that the current node is a destination node.

Optionally, the fourth control information indicates that the current node is a destination node or a node in the destination node group includes: the identification of the hop corresponding to the current node corresponds to the last hop.

The method may further comprise:

s1701, determining the identification of the hop corresponding to the current node.

The method may further comprise:

s1700, third routing information from the control node is received.

In the embodiment of the application, the identification of the hop corresponding to the node is used for routing, and the characteristics of the identifications of the hops corresponding to the nodes corresponding to different hops are different. The first information is information to be transmitted, and may be service data and/or signaling.

Fig. 18 to 20 are flowcharts of a transmission method in which, in the case where information of the physical layer is a one-hop identifier (for example, an identifier of a node corresponding to one hop or an identifier of a node group corresponding to one hop), a transmission form is a transmission form three (information to be transmitted is included in data (service data and/or signaling) and is routed through information of the physical layer used for data transmission), the types of the nodes are source nodes, relay nodes, and destination nodes, respectively.

The node type corresponding to fig. 18 is a source node, and the corresponding transmission method includes:

s1801, sending first data information according to first routing information, where the first routing information includes an identifier of a next hop of a current node, the first data information indicates the identifier, and the first data information includes first information.

Specifically, the source node may determine an identifier of a next hop according to the first routing information, and send first data information indicating the identifier.

The method may further comprise:

s1800 receives the first routing information from the control node.

Optionally, the identification of the first data information indicating the next hop of the current node includes:

the first data information includes an identification of a next hop of the current node, or,

The scrambling sequence information of the first data information, the scrambling sequence information of the CRC check information of the first data information, or one or more items of sequence information of the reference signal of the first data information correspond to the identification of the next hop of the current node.

The node type corresponding to fig. 19 is a relay node, and the corresponding transmission method includes:

s1903, third data information is sent according to second routing information, where the second routing information includes an identifier of a next hop of the current node, the third data information indicates the identifier, and the third data information includes the first information.

The method may further comprise:

s1902, receiving second data information according to the identification of the hop corresponding to the current node, wherein the identification of the hop corresponding to the current node is different from the identification of the next hop of the current node, and the second data information comprises the first information.

The method may further comprise:

s1901, determining the identification of the next hop of the current node according to the second routing information. Wherein S1903 may include S1901, that is, the relay node may determine an identity of the next hop according to the second routing information, and further transmit third data information indicating the identity.

The method may further comprise:

s1900, determining the identification of the hop corresponding to the current node.

Optionally, the identification of the second data information indicating the hop corresponding to the current node includes:

the second data information includes an identification of a hop corresponding to the current node, or,

scrambling sequence information of the second data information, scrambling sequence information of CRC check information of the second data information, or one or more items of sequence information of reference signals of the second data information correspond to an identification of a hop corresponding to the current node.

Optionally, the identification of the third data information indicating the next hop of the current node includes:

the third data information includes an identification of a next hop of the current node, or,

and the scrambling sequence information of the third data information, the scrambling sequence information of CRC check information of the third data information, or one or more items of sequence information of reference signals of the third data information correspond to the identification of the next hop of the current node.

Optionally, the method may further include:

s19000, second routing information from the control node is received.

The node type corresponding to fig. 20 is a destination node, and the corresponding transmission method includes:

s2002, receiving fourth data information according to the identification of the hop corresponding to the current node, wherein the fourth data information indicates the identification of the hop corresponding to the current node, and the fourth data information comprises first information;

and S2004, determining not to forward the first information according to the fourth data information, wherein the fourth data information indicates that the current node is a destination node.

Optionally, the fourth data information indicates that the current node is a destination node or a node in the destination node group includes: the identification of the hop corresponding to the current node corresponds to the last hop.

Optionally, the fourth data information indicates that the current node is a destination node or a node in the destination node group includes: the identification of the hop corresponding to the current node indicated by the fourth data information corresponds to the last hop.

Optionally, the method may further include:

s2001, determining the identification of the hop corresponding to the current node.

Optionally, the identification of the hop corresponding to the current node indicated by the fourth data information includes:

the fourth data information includes an identification of a hop corresponding to the current node, or,

the scrambling sequence information of the fourth data information, the scrambling sequence information of the CRC check information of the first data information, or one or more items of sequence information of the reference signal of the first data information correspond to the identification of the hop corresponding to the current node.

Optionally, the method may further include:

s2000, third route information from the control node is received.

The transmission method provided by the embodiment of the present application is described above with respect to the combination of the node type, the information of the physical layer, and the transmission form based on fig. 3 to 20.

In combination with any one of the transmission manners provided in fig. 3-8 and fig. 12-17, or independently from any one of the transmission manners provided in fig. 3-8 and fig. 12-17, the identification of the physical layer carried by the control information, such as one or more of the first control information, the second control information, the third control information, and the fourth control information, may include one or more of the following identifications:

the identity of the next hop, the identity of the destination, the identity of the route from the source to the destination (also referred to as session identity).

Where the next hop may correspond to a node or group of nodes, the destination may correspond to a node or group of nodes (i.e., destination node or group of destination nodes), and the source may correspond to a node or group of nodes.

In this application, a destination node includes a node or group of nodes that are the destination. The source node comprises a node or group of nodes as a source and the next hop node comprises a node or group of nodes as a next hop.

It will be appreciated that the manner in which the control information carries the identity of the physical layer may be implicit, for example one or more of the following: scrambling a cyclic redundancy check (Cyclic Redundancy Check, CRC) of the control information by using the identifier of the physical layer, wherein the identifier of the physical layer is carried by scrambling sequence information of the control information, or the identifier of the physical layer is carried by sequence information of a reference signal of the control information;

alternatively, the manner in which the control information carries the identifier of the physical layer may also be explicit, for example, the control information includes an identifier indicating that the domain indicates the physical layer, which is used to indicate which node or nodes need to receive the control information, and perform corresponding processing, for example, forwarding the first information, or sending the first information to a higher layer.

Wherein the control information carries the identity of the physical layer and can be used for different indication purposes.

For example, control information may be used to indicate a route from a source node to a destination node.

Optionally, the route from the source node to the destination node may be indicated by the control information carrying one or more of a session identifier, a node group identifier, a destination node identifier, or a destination node group identifier. That is, the identification indicating a route from the source node to the destination node may include one or more of a session identification, a node group identification, a destination node identification, or a destination node group identification.

As another example, control information may be used to indicate the destination node.

Alternatively, the destination node may be indicated by the control information carrying the destination node identification.

For example, the control information carries a session identifier. The node involved in a session is configured with the session identity. In a possible implementation, the control information is scrambled by using a session identifier, and then a session identifier node configured to be different from the session identifier used for scrambling cannot descramble the CRC and thus cannot obtain the content of the control information, and a node configured to be the same as the session identifier used for scrambling can descramble the CRC and thus obtain the content of the control information, that is, for the control information transmitted on the same route, all nodes on the route can decode the content of the control information. That is, the identity of the physical layer carried by the control information is related to the configuration of the nodes on the route. In another possible embodiment, the control information includes an indication field explicitly indicating a session identifier, indicating a node that needs to receive the control information, and the node configured to be the same as the session identifier indicated in the indication field may receive the control information (and may further receive data scheduled by the control information (e.g., scheduling)).

As another example, the control information carries the destination node identifier. The node is configured with routing information containing the destination node identity, e.g. the node is configured with one of the routing tables 2, 4, 6, 8, 11, 12, 13, 14, etc. as in example one, the control information may carry the destination node identity. One possible implementation, the control information uses the destination node identification to scramble the CRC, the node uses the destination node identification in the configured routing information to attempt to decode the control information, and if the CRC check is correct, the node needs to receive the control information (and may further receive data (e.g., schedule) scheduled by the control information). In another possible implementation manner, the control information includes an indication field for explicitly indicating the destination node identifier, if the node receives the control information, the node checks the configured routing information, and if the node has the destination node identifier in the configured routing information, the control information is received (and may further receive data (such as scheduling) scheduled by the control information).

As another example, the control information carries a next hop identification. The node is configured with routing information containing the next-hop node identification, e.g. the node is configured with one of routing table 2, table 4, table 6, table 8, table 10, table 11, table 12, table 13, table 14, table 15, etc. as in example one, the control information may carry the next-hop node identification. In a possible implementation manner, the sending node uses the next hop node identifier to perform CRC scrambling on the control information, the receiving node attempts to decode the control information according to the identifier of the hop corresponding to the node configured by itself, and if the CRC check is correct, the receiving node receives the control information and may further receive the data (such as scheduling) scheduled by the control information. In another possible implementation manner, the control information includes an indication field for explicitly indicating the next hop node identifier, the sending node sends the control information, if the receiving node receives the control information, if the identifier of the hop corresponding to the current node configured by the receiving node is the same as the next hop node identifier in the control information, the control information is received, and further data (such as scheduling) scheduled by the control information can be received.

By the identification of the physical layer carried by the control information, the waste of power consumption caused by the fact that all nodes around the sending node of the control information can decode the control information or receive data can be avoided.

The above is a description of the identity of the physical layer carried by the control information. It will be appreciated that the schemes referred to in the above description are also applicable to the identification of the data information carrying physical layer, i.e. the data information may carry the identification of the physical layer mentioned above, e.g. may carry one or more of the following identifications: the identity of the next hop, the identity of the destination, the identity of the route from the source to the destination (also referred to as session identity).

The identification of the physical layer mentioned above for carrying the data information may be combined with any of the transmission methods corresponding to fig. 9-11 and fig. 18-20, or may be implemented independently of any of the transmission methods corresponding to fig. 9-11 and fig. 18-20. And will not be described in detail herein.

In addition, the embodiment of the application further provides a physical layer forwarding indication method, which can be implemented independently of the scheme described above, and can also be combined with any one of the schemes described above, such as the schemes corresponding to fig. 3-20.

Because different information has different requirements, such as different requirements of quality of service QoS, some information may need to be forwarded at a node in a high layer, and some information may need to be forwarded at a node in a physical layer, for example, different services have different requirements, such as a service forwarding delay of physical layer forwarding is shorter, and reliability of the service forwarded at the high layer may be ensured.

The indication method for physical layer forwarding provided by the embodiment of the application can enable the node to identify whether the received information is forwarded at the physical layer or the high layer or whether the received information is forwarded by the destination node or not, wherein the high layer forwarding or the destination node is forwarded by termination, and the information is submitted to the high layer for processing. The physical layer information may be control information or data information, and control information is taken as an example.

In one possible implementation, the control information includes an indication field to indicate whether the physical layer forwarding is performed, where the indication field includes a bit, for example, when the indication field is "1" it indicates that the physical layer forwarding is performed by the node, and when the indication field is "0" it indicates that the node submits the information to the higher layer processing, where the information may include service data and/or signaling.

In another possible implementation manner, if the control information carries the next hop node identifier, the node may be allocated with identifiers of hops corresponding to at least two nodes, where one is used for physical layer forwarding, called PHY-ID1, and the other is used for non-physical layer forwarding, called PHY-ID2. For one transmission, if the control information carries PHY-ID1 of the next-hop node, the next-hop node (receiving node) receives the control information, and knows that the transmission needs to be forwarded by the physical layer. If the control information carries PHY-ID2 of the next-hop node, the next-hop node (receiving node) receives the control information, knows that this transmission delivers the information to higher-layer processing, where the information may include traffic data and/or signaling.

In another possible implementation manner, a plurality of characteristics of air interface resources may be allocated to the node, for example, a plurality of search spaces may be allocated, where one search space is used to identify physical layer forwarding, that is, the node detects control information in the search space, and may learn that the physical layer forwarding is required for the transmission. The other search space is used for non-physical layer forwarding, i.e. the node detects control information on the search space, and can learn that the transmission delivers information to higher layer processing, wherein the information can comprise service data and/or signaling.

The above examples of control information may also be applied to data information, and are not described here.

The network element allocated or configured for the node according to the embodiments of the present application may be a control node, or other network elements, which are not limited herein.

By the indicating method for physical layer forwarding provided by the embodiment of the application, forwarding can be applicable to different service demands, and the node can know whether forwarding is performed on the physical layer or not by receiving the physical layer message, so that the low-delay demands of certain services can be met.

The foregoing embodiments describe aspects of routing configuration, transmission manner, control information carrying physical layer identifier, physical layer forwarding indication, and the like, and various embodiments provided in these aspects may be applied in combination, and these aspects are illustrated by the following two examples.

Example one:

the embodiment of the application provides a wireless routing method, in the method, a specific search space (namely, the characteristic of an air interface resource is the search space) of a node and routing information reaching a target node are configured for the node, session identification is carried by control information, the node can judge whether forwarding is performed in a physical layer or not according to the received control information, the configured information such as the routing information and the search space, and if forwarding is performed, the next hop node can be obtained. Still taking the topology diagram shown in fig. 2 as an example, as shown in fig. 21, which is a topology diagram provided in the embodiment of the present application and identifying a search space configured per hop, in the diagram, one source node is S1, a destination node corresponding to the source node S1 is D1, information sent to D1 by S1 needs to be forwarded through relay nodes such as R11, R12, R13, R14 and the like to finally reach the destination node D1, and the session identifier is a path 1 (route 1), where one or more of S1, R11, R12, R13, R14 and D1 may correspond to more than one node, that is, one or more of S1, R11, R12, R13, R14 and D1 may represent a node group; the other source node is S2, the destination node corresponding to the source node S2 is D2, the information sent to D2 by S2 needs to be forwarded through relay nodes such as R21, R12 and R23 to finally reach the destination node D2, and the session identifier is route 2 (route 2), where one or more of S2, R21, R12, R23 and D2 may correspond to more than one node, i.e. one or more of S2, R21, R12, R23 and D2 may represent a node group.

The wireless routing method may include:

1. the network side configures a node or a group of nodes (corresponding to a hop node) with a search space specific to that node or group of nodes.

The network side configures one or a group of nodes with node-specific physical layer parameters that can be distinguished from other nodes or other groups of nodes, such as the search space for control information.

Specifically, the network side configures the search space of the control information specific to the hop node for the hop node, the search space of the control information can be identified by allocating indexes of one or more control channel elements CCE or a control resource set CORESET, the search space of the control information allocated by the network side for each hop node can be continuous or discontinuous on physical resources, the network side can configure one or more search spaces for each hop node, and the search spaces configured for each hop node can also overlap. For the topology in fig. 21, the network side configures search spaces such as CCE 0, CCE 1, CCE 2, CCE 3, CCE 4, CCE 5, CCE 6, CCE 7, CCE 8, and CCE 9 for nodes S1, R11, R12, R13, R14, D1, S2, R21, R23, and D2, respectively, to each of the nodes S1, R11, R12, R13, R14, D1, CCE 2, CCE 3, CCE 4, CCE 5, CCE 6, CCE 7, CCE 8, and CCE 9, and each of the nodes S1, R11, R1, R2, R21, R23, and D2 may detect control information in the search space of CCE 1, CCE 2, CCE 6, CCE 7, CCE 8, and CCE 9, respectively, and to which corresponding node wants to transmit a control message in the search space of the next hop node, such as S1 to R11, and control message is transmitted in the search space CCE 1 of R11.

The search space of the control information of each hop node can be configured by configuring higher layer signaling, such as RRC signaling or MAC CE.

2. The network side configures the route information reaching the destination node for the node

Alternatively, the nodes on the path may be further configured with a same ID.

The network side configures routing information reaching the destination node for the node, at least indicates the route of the next hop node reaching the destination node, and it is understood that the routing information may indicate all the nodes passing through by the destination node reached by the source node, or indicate some of all the nodes passing through by the destination node reached by the destination node, and each node in the routing information may be indicated by the above physical layer parameters, for example, a search space, and the routing information may be represented by a routing table or a routing set. In the form of a routing set, the routing information indicates all passing nodes that the source node reaches the destination node, and the routing of the nodes is performed using its search space, for example, for the topology in fig. 21, the network side configures a routing set { CCE 0,CCE 1,CCE 2,CCE 3,CCE 4,CCE 5} for each of the nodes S1, R11, R12, R13, R14 to indicate the routing of the source node S1 to reach the destination node D1. In the form of a routing table, for example, the network side configures routing tables for the nodes S1, R11, R12, R13, and R14 reaching the destination node D1 for the source node S1, each node in the routing table is indicated by a respective search space, and as shown in table 16 below, the node R11 can know that it is necessary to send control information to the search space CCE 2 for its next hop by looking up the configured routing information of the table 16 according to its own configured search space CCE 1.

Table 16 routing table of nodes S1/R11/R12/R13/R14 (destination node D1)

Nth (N) _hop Jumping	Search space
		Source node	CCE 0
1 ^st hop	CCE 1
		2 ^nd hop	CCE 2
3 ^rd hop	CCE 3
		4 ^th hop	CCE 4
5 ^th hop	CCE 5

Since a node may be a common node of multiple paths, the network side may configure more than one routing information for each node, so that the multiple routing information configured for the node may be distinguished by an identifier, and the same identifier may be configured for all nodes through which the same source node reaches the same destination node, for example, the identifier may include one or more of a routing table index identifier, a routing set index identifier, a path identifier, or a group identifier, etc., and the routing for the table 16 may be identified using route id=1. Since node R12 is also a relay node on the route between source node S2 and destination node D2, node R12 may also be configured with a routing table as shown in table 17 and identify the route using route id=2.

Table 17 routing table of nodes S2/R21/R12/R23 (destination node D2)

Nth (N) _hop Jumping	Search space
		Source node	CCE 6
1 ^st hop	CCE 7
		2 ^nd hop	CCE 2
3 ^rd hop	CCE 8
		4 ^th hop	CCE 9

The above routing information may be configured through higher layer signaling (e.g., RRC signaling or MAC CE).

3. The node receives the control information, and according to the configured search space and the routing information, the node obtains whether the node is a destination node or not, if so, the node does not transmit, and if not, the node transmits.

Optionally, in the case that it is determined that it is not the destination node, it may be further determined whether to perform physical layer forwarding.

The node receives the physical layer message, such as control information, determines whether the node is a destination node according to configured physical layer parameters, such as search space of the control information, and configured routing information, if the node is not the destination node, knows the search space of the control information sent to the next hop node according to the configured routing information, sends the control information on the search space, and does not forward if the node is the destination node. For example, for the transmission between the source node S1 and the destination node D1 in fig. 3, the node R13 receives the control information, searches the space CCE 3 and the configured routing set { CCE 0,CCE 1,CCE 2,CCE 3,CCE 4,CCE 5} or the routing table in the table 16 according to the control information configured by itself, and the node R13 may determine that the node is not the last hop, i.e., is not the destination node, and knows that the next hop of the node is the node with the search space CCE 4, and may send the control information on the CCE 4, and sends the information to be forwarded, which is included in or scheduled by the received control information. For another example, when the node D1 receives the control information in the search space CCE 5, it searches the search space CCE 5, the configured routing set { CCE 0,CCE 1,CCE 2,CCE 3,CCE 4,CCE 5} or the routing table in the table 16 based on the control message configured by itself, and the node D1 can know that it is the destination node and does not forward the control message.

In addition, because the forwarding of the information to be forwarded may include physical layer forwarding and higher layer forwarding, the control information may include an indication field to indicate whether the physical layer forwarding is performed, where the indication field includes a bit, for example, when the indication field is "1", the indication field indicates that the physical layer forwarding of the node is performed, and when the indication field is "0", the indication field indicates that the receiving node needs to submit the received information to be forwarded to the higher layer processing. Or the network side allocates a plurality of search spaces for the nodes, wherein one search space is used for identifying physical layer forwarding, namely the nodes detect control information on the search space, and can know that the physical layer forwarding is needed for the transmission.

4. Optionally, the physical layer message may carry route identification information.

The physical layer message, e.g., control information, may carry route identification information (i.e., an identification of a route from the source node to the destination node), which may use the path identification (route ID) or group identification (group ID) described above. The form of carrying the control information with the identification information can be implicit, for example, CRC scrambling of the control information by using the route identification information can be carried in a display mode, for example, the control information comprises an indication field for indicating the identification information.

For example, if the control information carries a route ID, in an implicit manner, the CRC of the control information is scrambled with the route ID, then all nodes on the route identified by the route ID can decode the control information scrambled with the route ID, and in a display manner, the control information includes an indication field indicating the route ID for indicating that the control information is addressed to all nodes on the route identified by the route ID. For example, in fig. 3, the CRC check bits of the control information sent by the nodes S1/R11/R12/R13/R14 are scrambled with a route ID, where the route ID indicates that S1 passes through R11, R12, R13, R14 to D1, and the corresponding route ID is used by R11/R12/R13/R14/D1 to perform CRC check with the control information, if the CRC check is successful, the node knows that the control information and the information to be forwarded or the scheduled information (if any) included in the control information are needed by itself, performs physical layer forwarding according to the indication if it is a physical layer forwarding indication, and if the node indicating higher layer forwarding passes the information to an upper layer of the physical layer, the node other than R11/R12/R13/R14/D1 uses the route ID configured by itself to perform CRC check with the control information sent by S1/R11/R12/R13/R14/D1, and if the CRC check is successful, the result is that the CRC check is failed. In the display mode, the control information sent by the node S1/R11/R12/R13/R14 includes an indication domain indication route ID, the route ID indicates that the S1 passes through the route R11, R12, R13, R14 to D1, the corresponding node R11/R12/R13/R14/D1 receives the control information, obtains the route ID indicated in the control information, discovers that the control information and the data indicated by the control information are needed by the node itself when the control information is configured to the route ID of the node, performs physical layer forwarding to the next hop node indicated by the configured route information when the node is required to be forwarded and is indicated to be forwarded by the physical layer, submits the information to an upper layer of the physical layer for the destination node or the node indicated to be forwarded by the upper layer, and if the node except the node R11/R12/R13/R14/D1 receives the control information, obtains the route ID in the control information, discovers that the route ID of the control information is configured to the node on the network side, and discards the information when the route ID is configured to the node on the network side.

Moreover, if the control information carries route identification information such as route ID and/or group ID, the problem that the common relay node uses which route information for a certain transmission can be solved, for example, the control information implicitly carries route ID, i.e. the control information is scrambled with route ID, for the common relay node R12 in fig. 3, the node R12 is configured with a plurality of route information, for example, a route table configured by the node R12 is shown in table 16, and is configured with route id=1 for the route, the node R12 is also configured with route table 17, and is configured with route id=2 for the route, if the control information is scrambled with route ID, for example, if the control information is scrambled with route id=2, the node R12 receives the control information and respectively tries to decode the control information with route id=1 and route id=2, when the control information is decoded with route id=1, the route table is used for checking CRC error, the route table is used for decoding error=2, and the control information is transmitted to the node R12 is to be forwarded according to the result of the route table to be forwarded, and the control information is forwarded to the node to be forwarded by the node R8, and the node to be forwarded according to the result of the control table to be forwarded. If the control information carries the destination node ID, for example, CRC using the destination node ID scrambling control information, the node uses the ID of the destination node D1 in the routing table of table 16 and the ID of the destination node D2 in the routing table of table 17 to decode the control information according to the routing tables of table 16 and table 17 configured by itself, respectively, and uses the corresponding routing table if which CRC check is correct.

5. Alternatively, the node may receive control information in a search space of a node preceding the own hop count.

If the node is configured with complete route information from the source node to the destination node, and the nodes on one route are configured with the same ID due to the broadcasting characteristic of the wireless signal, and the control information carries the ID, the relay node or the destination node on one route can also detect the control information on the search space of the node before the hop count of the relay node or the destination node on one route. For example, in fig. 3, for transmission between S1 and D1, R13 may detect control information on the search space CCE 1 of the node R11 or the search space CCE 2 of the node R12 preceding the own hop count, instead of receiving control information on the own search space CCE 3, so that transmission efficiency may be improved by transmitting data (information to be forwarded or received) across hops without strictly following configured routes hop-by-hop. Further, if the node receives correctly across hops, the last hop node may be triggered to terminate the repeated transmission for that node.

According to the wireless routing method provided by the embodiment of the invention, by configuring a specific search space of the node, routing information reaching a destination node, identification information of the path and the like, and designing schemes such as routing identification information, physical layer forwarding indication and the like for control information, the node can judge whether to forward in the physical layer or not and can acquire a next hop node (such as physical layer forwarding) according to the configured information such as the routing information, the search space and the like, so that the relay node can acquire the two information of the next hop node and the destination node in the physical layer under the condition that the relay node is required to transmit, multi-hop routing forwarding can be performed in the physical layer, the data (information to be forwarded) is prevented from being submitted to signal processing time delay introduced by a high layer by the node, the rapid transmission of multi-hop routing is realized, the node forwarding efficiency is improved, and the forwarding time delay is reduced. In addition, the embodiment of the application can realize the cross-hop transmission and further improve the transmission efficiency on the basis of the technical effect of physical layer forwarding.

Example two:

the embodiment of the application also provides a wireless routing method, which is characterized in that the node is configured with the specific ID of the node, the routing information reaching the destination node, the control information carries the destination node or the routing identification information and the like, and the node can judge whether to forward in a physical layer or not and can acquire the next hop node under the condition of forwarding according to the received control information, the configured routing information, the identification and the like. Still taking the topology diagram of fig. 2 as an example, fig. 22 is a topology diagram of the embodiment for identifying specific IDs of each hop based on fig. 2, in the figure, one source node is S1, a destination node corresponding to the source node S1 is D1, information (data (service data or signaling)) sent to D1 by S1 needs to be forwarded through relay nodes such as R11, R12, R13, and R14 to finally reach the destination node D1, and route identification information takes path identification as an example, where one or more of the path identifications are route 1, S1, R11, R12, R13, R14, and D1 may correspond to more than one node, that is, one or more of S1, R11, R12, R13, R14, and D1 may represent a node group; the other source node is S2, the destination node corresponding to the source node S2 is D2, the information sent to D2 by S2 needs to be forwarded through a series of relay nodes R21, R12 and R23 to finally reach the destination node D2, and the path identifier is route 2, where one or more of S2, R21, R12, R23 and D2 may correspond to more than one node, i.e. one or more of S2, R21, R12, R23 and D2 may represent the node group.

The method provided by the embodiment of the application can comprise the following steps:

1. the network side configures a node or a group of nodes (corresponding to a hop node) with an identity specific to the node or group of nodes.

The network side configures one or a group of nodes with a node-specific physical layer parameter that can be distinguished from other nodes or other groups of nodes, such as an identification corresponding to a hop.

Specifically, the network side configures the node or the group of node specific identifiers for one or a group of nodes, that is, the ID corresponding to one hop, for example, the node identifier may be a node identifier, where the node identifier may be understood as an identifier capable of uniquely identifying the node in the network, for example, if the node type is UE, the node ID may be a C-RNTI, and if the node type is a base station, the node ID may be a cell ID.

Optionally, the network side may allocate at least two identifiers to the node, where one identifier is an identifier for physical layer forwarding, called p_id, and for one transmission, if the control information carries the p_id of the next-hop node, the next-hop node receives the control information, and knows that the physical layer forwarding is required for the transmission. The other may be an identifier for non-physical layer forwarding, and if the control information carries the identifier for non-physical layer forwarding of the next hop node, the next hop node receives the control information, and knows that the transmission needs to be forwarded by the physical layer.

The above physical layer parameters may be configured by configuring higher layer signaling, such as RRC signaling or MAC CE.

Alternatively, the network side may configure a same identifier for the nodes on the path.

The network side configures routing information reaching the destination node for the node, at least indicates the next hop node or node group reaching the destination node, and it is understood that the routing information may indicate all the nodes passing through by the destination node reached by the source node, or indicate some of all the nodes passing through by the destination node reached by the destination node, and each node in the routing information may be indicated by the above physical layer parameters, for example, a node ID or a node group ID, and the routing information may be represented in a routing table or a routing set. In the form of a routing set with routing information indicating all passing nodes of the source node to the destination node, the nodes use their ID representation as an example, e.g. for the topology in fig. 22, the network side configures the routing set { ID (S1), ID (R11), ID (R12), ID (R13), ID (R14), ID (D1) } or { p_id (S1), p_id (R11), p_id (R12), p_id (R13), p_id (R14), p_id (D1) } for nodes S1, R11, R14 each, p_id (D1) } indicating the route of the source node S1 to the destination node D1. In the form of a routing table, for example, the network side configures a routing table including a next-hop node indication for each node reaching the destination node D1 for each node S1, R11, R12, R13, R14, each node in the routing table is indicated by a respective ID or p_id, for example, the routing information configured by the node R12 is shown in the following table 18, and the node R12 can know its own next-hop node ID or p_id by looking up the configured routing information of the table 18.

Table 18 routing table for node R12 (destination node D1)

Meaning of parameters	Parameter value
		Next hop node ID	ID (R13) or P_ID (R13)
Destination node ID	ID (D1) or P_ID (D1)

Since a node may be a common node of multiple paths, the network side may configure more than one routing information for each node, so that the multiple routing information configured for the node may be distinguished by an ID, and the same identifier may be configured for all nodes through which the same source node reaches the same destination node, for example, the identifier may include one or more of a routing table index identifier, a routing set index identifier, a route ID, a group ID, or a destination node ID, and so on, for example, the route for table 18 may be identified using route id=1. Since node R12 is also a relay node on the route between source node S2 and destination node D2, node R12 may be configured with a routing table as shown in table 19 and may identify the route using route id=2.

Table 19 routing table for node R12 (destination node D2)

Meaning of parameters	Parameter value
		Next hop node ID	ID (R23) or P_ID (R23)
Destination node ID	ID (D2) or P_ID (D2)

The above routing information may be configured through higher layer signaling (RRC signaling or MAC CE).

3. The node receives the control information, and according to the configured node ID and the routing information, the node obtains whether the node is a destination node or not, if so, the node does not transmit, and if not, the node transmits.

Alternatively, in the case where it is determined that it is not the destination node, it may be determined whether or not physical layer forwarding is performed.

The node receives the physical layer message, such as control information, determines whether itself is the destination node according to the configured physical layer parameters, such as ID or p_id, and the configured route, if not, and knows the next hop node ID according to the configured route information, if it is the destination node, it does not forward. For example, for the transmission between the source node S1 and the destination node D1 in fig. 22, the node R13 receives the control information, based on the node ID or p_id configured by itself and the configured routing set { ID (S1), ID (R11), ID (R12), ID (R13), ID (R14), ID (D1) } or { p_id (S1), p_id (R11), p_id (R12), p_id (R13), p_id (R14), p_id (D1) }, the node R13 may determine that it is not the last hop, i.e., not the destination node, and learn the node ID or p_id of the next hop of itself, and further forward the data to be forwarded or the scheduled data to be forwarded (may also be referred to as information) included in the received control information. For another example, the node D1 receives the control information, and the node D1 knows that it is the destination node and does not forward the control information according to the node ID or p_id configured by itself and the configured routing information.

Further, the information forwarding may include physical layer forwarding and higher layer forwarding, and in order to distinguish whether a certain information needs physical layer forwarding or higher layer forwarding, an indication may be made by a physical layer parameter. One possible indication way is that the control information carries the p_id (ID for physical layer forwarding) of the next-hop node, and then the next-hop node receives the control information and knows that the transmission needs to be forwarded by the physical layer, and if the control information carries the ID (ID for non-physical layer forwarding) of the next-hop node, the next-hop node receives the control information and knows that the transmission needs to submit the data to the higher layer; yet another possible way is that the control information may include an indication field indicating whether the physical layer forwarding is performed (this way may not configure the node with the ID for physical layer forwarding described above), where the indication field includes a bit, for example, the indication field indicates that the node performs physical layer forwarding when the indication field is "1", and indicates that the node needs to submit data to higher layer processing when the indication field is "0".

4. The physical layer message may carry route identification information.

The physical layer message, e.g., control information, may carry route identification information (i.e., an identification of the route from the source node to the destination node) that may use one or more of the route ID or group ID or destination node ID described above. The form of carrying the control information with the identification information can be implicit, for example, CRC scrambling of the control information by using the route identification information can be carried in a display mode, for example, the control information comprises an indication field for indicating the identification information.

For example, if the control information carries the destination node ID, the CRC of the control information is scrambled using the next hop node ID, the control information includes a CRC check bit indicating that the field indicates the destination node ID, e.g., the CRC check bit of the control information sent by R11 is scrambled using the p_id of the next hop node R12, and the control information includes an ID indicating that the field indicates the destination node D1, then R12 uses the configured ID to perform CRC check with the control information, if the CRC check is successful, the node knows that the control information and the data indicated by the control information (if any) are needed by itself and can know that the destination node is D1, physical layer forwarding can be performed, and the routing table looking up table 18 knows the ID identification p_id (R13) of the next hop node R13, then sends the control information scrambled using the p_id (R13) (optionally, the information to be forwarded may be included in the control information) to R13, and forwards the data to be forwarded (if any) to R13.

Alternatively, the control information is scrambled with destination node IDs, each node knows the possible destination nodes from the configured routing information, attempts to detect the control information with all possible destination node IDs, e.g., node R12 receives the control information scrambled with p_id (D2), the node will attempt to decode the control information using destination node p_id (D1) and p_id (D2), respectively, uses p_id (D1) to perform a CRC check result error, uses p_id (D2) to perform a CRC check result correct, uses a routing table corresponding to destination node 2 to learn the next hop node R23, and forwards the data to node R23 according to the configured tables 18 and 19.

In the embodiment of the application, the physical layer parameter associated with the routing information is a node ID, the control information is scrambled by using a next hop node ID or a destination node ID, the node can judge whether to forward at the physical layer or not according to the received control information, configured routing information, identification and other information, and if the next hop node can be known by forwarding, each relay node can know the next hop node at the physical layer and further know the destination node under the condition that the relay node is required to transmit the communication between the source node and the destination node, so that the multi-hop routing forwarding can be performed at the physical layer, the node is prevented from submitting data to a high layer to introduce signal processing time delay, the rapid transmission of the multi-hop routing is realized, the node forwarding efficiency is improved, and the forwarding time delay is reduced.

It will be appreciated that the arrangements in the above embodiments may be implemented independently or in combination and are not limited thereto. The descriptions in the above embodiments may be referred to each other.

The communication method according to the embodiments of the present application, which may be specifically referred to as a wireless routing method, is described in detail above in connection with fig. 2-22. The following describes the communication device according to the embodiment of the present application in detail with reference to fig. 23 to 25.

The communication device in this embodiment of the present application may be a base station, a relay device, or a terminal device, and may be one or more of a source node, a relay node, or a destination node in the foregoing method embodiment (i.e., the communication device may be located in multiple routes, as different roles, for example, as a source node in route 1, as a relay node in route 2, as a destination node in route 3, specifically, located in several routes, as what roles, which are not limited herein).

Fig. 23 shows a schematic configuration of a communication device 2300. The communication device 2300 may be used to implement the methods described in the method embodiments described above, see the description in the method embodiments described above. The communication device 2300 may be a chip, a network device (e.g., a base station, or a relay device), a terminal device, or other devices that may be used to implement the above method embodiments, etc.

The communication device 2300 includes one or more processors 2301. The processor 2301 may be a general purpose processor or a special purpose processor, etc. For example, a baseband processor, or a central processing unit. The baseband processor may be used to process communication protocols and communication data, and the central processor may be used to control devices (e.g., base stations, terminals, relay devices, or chips, etc.), execute software programs, and process data of the software programs.

The communication device 2300 includes one or more of the processors 2301, and the one or more processors 2301 may implement one or more of the methods of a source node, a relay node, or a destination node in the embodiments shown in fig. 2-22 (i.e., the communication device may be located in multiple routes, as a different role, such as a source node in route 1, a relay node in route 2, a destination node in route 3, and in particular in several routes, as what roles, not limited herein).

For example, in one possible design, with respect to the description of fig. 3, the communication device 2300 includes means (means) for transmitting first control information on a first air interface resource according to first routing information, and means (means) for transmitting the first information on the first resource. The above-mentioned components may be implemented by one or more processors, for example, implementing the function of determining means of the first air interface resource and means of transmitting first control information. The first control information may be referred to as related description in the above method embodiment.

In one possible design, with respect to the description of fig. 12, the communication device 2300 may include means (means) for sending first control information according to first routing information, wherein the first routing information includes an identification of a next hop of a current node, the first control information indicating the identification of the next hop, the first control information further indicating a first resource for the first information; and may include means (means) for transmitting the first information on the first resource. The first control information and how to determine the first control information may be referred to the relevant description in the above method embodiments. The above-mentioned components may be implemented by one or more processors, for example, implementing functions of generating the first control information and transmitting the first control information.

It is to be appreciated that the communication device 2300 may include corresponding components (means) for the description of the other figures in fig. 2-22, which are not repeated herein.

Alternatively, the processor 2301 may implement other functions in addition to the methods of the embodiments shown in FIGS. 2-22.

Alternatively, in one design, the processor 2301 may also include instructions 2303 that may be executed on the processor to cause the communication device 2300 to perform the method described in the method embodiments above.

In yet another possible design, the communication device 2300 may also include circuitry that may implement the functionality of one or more of the source node, relay node, or destination node in the foregoing method embodiments.

In yet another possible design, the communication device 2300 may include one or more memories 2302 having instructions 2304 stored thereon that are executable on the processor to cause the communication device 2300 to perform the methods described in the method embodiments above. Optionally, the memory may further store data. The optional processor may also store instructions and/or data. For example, the one or more memories 2302 may store routing information described in the above embodiments, or related parameters or tables, etc. involved in the above embodiments. The processor and the memory may be provided separately or may be integrated.

In yet another possible design, the apparatus may include a transceiver 2305 to enable input (receiving) and output (transmitting) of signals. For example, the device may be a chip, and the transceiver unit may be an input and/or output circuit of the chip, or a communication interface. The chip may be used for a terminal device or a network device such as a base station or a relay device. As another example, the apparatus may be a terminal device or a network device (such as a base station or a relay device), and the transceiver unit may be a transceiver, a radio frequency chip, or the like. The communication device 2300 may also include an antenna 2306. The transceiver unit 2305 may be referred to as a transceiver, a transceiver circuit, a transceiver, or the like, for implementing the transceiver function of the device through the antenna 2306. The communication device 2300 may further include a communication interface (not shown) that may be used for communication between a core network device and a network device, or between a network device and a network device. Alternatively, the communication interface may be an interface for wired communication, such as an interface for optical fiber communication.

The processor 2301 may be referred to as a processing unit, and controls the apparatus (e.g., terminal or base station or relay device).

The present application also provides a communication system comprising one or more of the foregoing network devices, or a combination of one or more of the one or more terminal devices, or a combination of one or more of the foregoing source nodes, relay nodes, or destination nodes.

Fig. 24 is a schematic structural diagram of a terminal device according to an embodiment of the present application. The terminal device may be adapted to the system shown in fig. 1, and perform the functions of one or more of the source node, the relay node, or the destination node in the above method embodiment. For convenience of explanation, fig. 24 shows only major components of the terminal device. As shown in fig. 24, the terminal device 2400 includes a processor, a memory, a control circuit, an antenna, and an input-output apparatus. The processor is mainly used for processing the communication protocol and the communication data, controlling the whole terminal device, executing the software program, and processing the data of the software program, for example, for supporting the terminal device to execute the actions described in the above method embodiments. The memory is mainly used for storing software programs and data. The control circuit is mainly used for converting baseband signals and radio frequency signals and processing the radio frequency signals. The control circuit together with the antenna, which may also be called a transceiver, is mainly used for receiving and transmitting radio frequency signals in the form of electromagnetic waves. Input and output devices, such as touch screens, display screens, keyboards, etc., are mainly used for receiving data input by a user and outputting data to the user.

When the terminal device is started, the processor can read the software program of the memory, interpret and execute the instructions of the software program, and process the data of the software program. When data is required to be transmitted wirelessly, the processor carries out baseband processing on the data to be transmitted and then outputs a baseband signal to the radio frequency circuit, and the radio frequency circuit carries out radio frequency processing on the baseband signal and then transmits the radio frequency signal outwards in the form of electromagnetic waves through the antenna. When data is sent to the terminal equipment, the radio frequency circuit receives a radio frequency signal through the antenna, converts the radio frequency signal into a baseband signal, and outputs the baseband signal to the processor, and the processor converts the baseband signal into data and processes the data.

Those skilled in the art will appreciate that for ease of illustration, only one memory and one processor are shown in fig. 24. In an actual terminal device, there may be multiple processors and multiple memories. The memory may also be referred to as a storage medium or storage device, etc. The memory may be a memory element on the same chip as the processor, i.e., an on-chip memory element, or a separate memory element, as embodiments of the present application are not limited in this regard.

As an alternative implementation manner, the terminal device may include a baseband processor, which is mainly used for processing the communication protocol and the communication data, and a central processor, which is mainly used for controlling the whole terminal device, executing a software program, and processing the data of the software program. The processors in fig. 24 may integrate the functions of the baseband processor and the central processor, and those skilled in the art will appreciate that the baseband processor and the central processor may also be separate processors, interconnected by bus technology, etc. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the terminal device may include multiple baseband processors to accommodate different network formats, and that the terminal device may include multiple central processors to enhance its processing capabilities, and that the various components of the terminal device may be connected by various buses. The baseband processor may also be expressed as a baseband processing circuit or a baseband processing chip. The central processing unit may also be expressed as a central processing circuit or a central processing chip. The function of processing the communication protocol and the communication data may be built in the processor, or may be stored in a memory in the form of a software program, which is executed by the processor to realize the baseband processing function.

In the embodiment of the present application, the antenna and the control circuit having the transceiving function may be regarded as the transceiving unit 2401 of the terminal device 2400, for example, for supporting the terminal device to perform the receiving function and the transmitting function. The processor 2402 having a processing function is regarded as the processing unit 2402 of the terminal device 2400. As shown in fig. 24, the terminal device 2400 includes a transceiving unit 2401 and a processing unit 2402. The transceiver unit may also be referred to as a transceiver, transceiver device, etc. Alternatively, the device for implementing the receiving function in the transceiver unit 2401 may be regarded as a receiving unit, and the device for implementing the transmitting function in the transceiver unit 2401 may be regarded as a transmitting unit, that is, the transceiver unit 2401 includes a receiving unit and a transmitting unit, where the receiving unit may also be referred to as a receiver, an input port, a receiving circuit, and the like, and the transmitting unit may be referred to as a transmitter, a transmitting circuit, or the like.

The processor 2402 may be configured to execute the instructions stored in the memory to control the transceiver unit 2401 to receive signals and/or transmit signals, and perform functions of one or more of the source node, the relay node, or the destination node in the foregoing method embodiment. The processor 2402 further includes an interface to implement input/output functions of signals. As an implementation manner, the function of the transceiving unit 2401 may be considered to be implemented by a transceiving circuit or a dedicated chip for transceiving.

Fig. 25 is a schematic structural diagram of a network device, which may be a base station or a relay device according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in fig. 25, the base station may be applied to the system shown in fig. 1, and perform the functions of one or more of the source node, the relay node, or the destination node in the above method embodiment. Base station 2500 may include one or more DUs 2501 and one or more CUs 2502.CU2502 may communicate with NG core (next generation core network, NC). The DU2501 may include at least one antenna 25011, at least one radio frequency unit 25012, at least one processor 25013 and at least one memory 25014. The DU2501 part is mainly used for receiving and transmitting radio frequency signals, converting radio frequency signals and baseband signals, and processing part of baseband signals. CU2502 can include at least one processor 25022 and at least one memory 25021. Communication between CU2502 and DU2501 may be via an interface, where the Control plane interface may be Fs-C, such as F1-C, and the User plane interface may be Fs-U, such as F1-U.

The CU2502 part is mainly used for baseband processing, control of a base station, and the like. The DU2501 and CU2502 may be physically located together or physically separate, i.e., distributed base stations. The CU2502 is a control center of the base station, and may also be referred to as a processing unit, and is mainly configured to perform a baseband processing function. For example, CU2502 may be configured to control a base station to perform the operational flows described above in connection with one or more of a source node, a relay node, or a destination node in the method embodiments.

In particular, baseband processing on CUs and DUs may be divided according to protocol layers of the wireless network, for example, functions of a packet data convergence layer protocol (packet data convergence protocol, PDCP) layer and above are set at CUs, and functions of protocol layers below PDCP, for example, a radio link control (radio link control, RLC) layer and a medium access control (mediumaccess control, MAC) layer are set at DUs. For another example, a CU implements the functions of a radio resource control (radio resource control, RRC), packet data convergence layer protocol (packet data convergence protocol, PDCP) layer, and a DU implements the functions of a radio link control (radio link control, RLC), medium access control (mediumaccess control, MAC), and Physical (PHY) layer.

Further, optionally, the base station 2500 may include one or more radio frequency units (RUs), one or more DUs, and one or more CUs. Wherein the DU may include at least one processor 25013 and at least one memory 25014, the RU may include at least one antenna 25011 and at least one radio frequency unit 25012, and the CU may include at least one processor 25022 and at least one memory 25021.

In an example, the CU2502 may be formed by one or more boards, where the boards may support a single access indicated radio access network (such as a 5G network) together, or may support radio access networks of different access schemes (such as an LTE network, a 5G network, or other networks) respectively. The memory 25021 and processor 25022 may serve one or more boards. That is, the memory and the processor may be separately provided on each board. It is also possible that multiple boards share the same memory and processor. In addition, each single board can be provided with necessary circuits. The DU2501 may be formed by one or more single boards, where the multiple single boards may support a single access indicated radio access network (such as a 5G network), or may support radio access networks of different access schemes (such as an LTE network, a 5G network, or other networks). The memory 25014 and processor 25013 may serve one or more boards. That is, the memory and the processor may be separately provided on each board. It is also possible that multiple boards share the same memory and processor. In addition, each single board can be provided with necessary circuits.

It will be appreciated that the above simplification of the network device may be structural if part of the relay nodes only handle physical layer forwarding. Such as a single board that implements the functions of the physical layer, a radio unit and an antenna, and some other functions, such as the functions of the MAC layer. And are not described in detail herein.

It should be appreciated that the processor in embodiments of the present application may be a central processing unit (Central Processing Unit, CPU), which may also be other general purpose processors, digital signal processors (digital signal processor, DSP), application specific integrated circuits (application specific integrated circuit, ASIC), off-the-shelf programmable gate arrays (field programmable gate array, FPGA) or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, or the like. A general purpose processor may be a microprocessor or the processor may be any conventional processor or the like.

It should also be appreciated that the memory in embodiments of the present application may be either volatile memory or nonvolatile memory, or may include both volatile and nonvolatile memory. The nonvolatile memory may be a read-only memory (ROM), a Programmable ROM (PROM), an Erasable PROM (EPROM), an electrically Erasable EPROM (EEPROM), or a flash memory. The volatile memory may be random access memory (random access memory, RAM) which acts as an external cache. By way of example but not limitation, many forms of random access memory (random access memory, RAM) are available, such as Static RAM (SRAM), dynamic Random Access Memory (DRAM), synchronous Dynamic Random Access Memory (SDRAM), double data rate synchronous dynamic random access memory (DDR SDRAM), enhanced Synchronous Dynamic Random Access Memory (ESDRAM), synchronous Link DRAM (SLDRAM), and direct memory bus RAM (DR RAM).

The above embodiments may be implemented in whole or in part by software, hardware (e.g., circuitry), firmware, or any other combination. When implemented in software, the above-described embodiments may be implemented in whole or in part in the form of a computer program product. The computer program product comprises one or more computer instructions or computer programs. When the computer instructions or computer program are loaded or executed on a computer, the processes or functions described in accordance with the embodiments of the present application are all or partially produced. The computer may be a general purpose computer, a special purpose computer, a computer network, or other programmable apparatus. The computer instructions may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium or transmitted from one computer-readable storage medium to another computer-readable storage medium, for example, the computer instructions may be transmitted from one website site, computer, server, or data center to another website site, computer, server, or data center by wired (e.g., infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.). The computer readable storage medium may be any available medium that can be accessed by a computer or a data storage device such as a server, data center, etc. that contains one or more sets of available media. The usable medium may be a magnetic medium (e.g., floppy disk, hard disk, magnetic tape), an optical medium (e.g., DVD), or a semiconductor medium. The semiconductor medium may be a solid state disk.

It should be understood that the term "and/or" is merely an association relationship describing the associated object, and means that three relationships may exist, for example, a and/or B may mean: there are three cases, a alone, a and B together, and B alone, wherein a, B may be singular or plural. In addition, the character "/" herein generally indicates that the associated object is an "or" relationship, but may also indicate an "and/or" relationship, and may be understood by referring to the context.

In the present application, "at least one" means one or more, and "a plurality" means two or more. "at least one of" or the like means any combination of these items, including any combination of single item(s) or plural items(s). For example, at least one (one) of a, b, or c may represent: a, b, c, a-b, a-c, b-c, or a-b-c, wherein a, b, c may be single or plural.

It should be understood that, in various embodiments of the present application, the sequence numbers of the foregoing processes do not mean the order of execution, and the order of execution of the processes should be determined by the functions and internal logic thereof, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of the embodiments of the present application.

Those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that the various illustrative elements and algorithm steps described in connection with the embodiments disclosed herein may be implemented as electronic hardware, or combinations of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether such functionality is implemented as hardware or software depends upon the particular application and design constraints imposed on the solution. Skilled artisans may implement the described functionality in varying ways for each particular application, but such implementation decisions should not be interpreted as causing a departure from the scope of the present application.

It will be clear to those skilled in the art that, for convenience and brevity of description, specific working procedures of the above-described systems, apparatuses and units may refer to corresponding procedures in the foregoing method embodiments, and are not repeated herein.

In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed system, communication device, and method may be implemented in other manners. For example, the apparatus embodiments described above are merely illustrative, e.g., the division of the units is merely a logical function division, and there may be additional divisions when actually implemented, e.g., multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be omitted or not performed. Alternatively, the coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed with each other may be an indirect coupling or communication connection via some interfaces, devices or units, which may be in electrical, mechanical or other form.

The units described as separate units may or may not be physically separate, and units shown as units may or may not be physical units, may be located in one place, or may be distributed on a plurality of network units. Some or all of the units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of this embodiment.

In addition, each functional unit in each embodiment of the present application may be integrated in one processing unit, or each unit may exist alone physically, or two or more units may be integrated in one unit.

The functions, if implemented in the form of software functional units and sold or used as a stand-alone product, may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on such understanding, the technical solution of the present application may be embodied essentially or in a part contributing to the prior art or in a part of the technical solution, in the form of a software product stored in a storage medium, including several instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to perform all or part of the steps of the methods described in the embodiments of the present application. And the aforementioned storage medium includes: a U-disk, a removable hard disk, a Read-Only Memory (ROM), a random access Memory (Random Access Memory, RAM), a magnetic disk, or an optical disk, or other various media capable of storing program codes.

The foregoing is merely specific embodiments of the present application, but the scope of the present application is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can easily think about changes or substitutions within the technical scope of the present application, and the changes and substitutions are intended to be covered by the scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A method of communication, comprising:

receiving first information according to the second control information;

transmitting first control information on the first air interface resource according to routing information, wherein the routing information comprises the characteristics of the first air interface resource, the first control information is used for indicating the first resource of the first information, and the routing information is configured by a network side;

the first information is sent on a first resource of the first information.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the characteristics of the second air interface resource are included in the routing information.

3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the routing information comprises characteristics of air interface resources corresponding to one or more hops, the one or more hops comprising a next hop, the air interface resources comprising the first air interface resource, the air interface resources being air interface resources of control information corresponding to one hop, the one hop corresponding to one node or group of nodes, the characteristics of the air interface resources comprising one or more of:

4. A method according to claim 3, characterized in that the frequency and/or time domain resource information of the control information comprises one or more of the following:

5. A method according to claim 3, wherein one or more of the scrambling sequence information of the control information, the scrambling sequence information of the CRC check information of the control information, or the sequence information of the reference signal of the control information corresponds to an identification of the corresponding node or group of nodes.

6. A method according to claim 3, wherein the routing information further comprises an identification of a node or group of nodes corresponding to the characteristics of the air interface resource and/or an index of hops corresponding to the characteristics of the air interface resource.

7. The method of claim 1, wherein the routing information includes an identification indicating a route from a source node to a destination node.

8. The method according to claim 1, wherein the first control information indicates a route from the source node to the destination node and/or indicates the destination node or the group of destination nodes.

9. The method of claim 8, wherein the first control information indicates a route from a source node to a destination node comprises:

10. The method according to any of claims 7-9, wherein the identification for indicating a route from a source node to a destination node comprises one or more of a session identification, a node group identification, a destination node identification, or a destination node group identification.

11. The method of claim 8, wherein the first control information indicates to the destination node comprises:

and/or scrambling sequence information of the first control information, scrambling information of CRC (cyclic redundancy check) information, or node identification or destination node group identification carried by one or more items of sequence information of reference signals of the control information.

12. The method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the first control information indicates that the transmission of the first information is a physical layer transmission.

13. The method according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising:

14. A method of communication, comprising:

receiving the first information on the first resource;

15. The method of claim 14, wherein the first control information indicates that the current node is a destination node or a node in a destination node group comprises: the first air interface resource is characterized by corresponding to a last hop.

16. The method according to claim 14 or 15, wherein the characteristics of the first air interface resource are included in routing information, the routing information including characteristics of an air interface resource corresponding to one or more hops, the one or more hops including a last hop, the air interface resource including the first air interface resource, the air interface resource being an air interface resource of control information corresponding to one hop, the one hop corresponding to one node or group of nodes, the characteristics of the air interface resource including one or more of:

17. The method of claim 16, wherein the frequency and/or time domain resource information of the control information comprises one or more of:

the identification of the search space, the identification of the control Resource set (core), the identification of the Resource Element group (Resource Element Group, REG), the identification of the Resource Block (RB), the identification of the Resource Element (RE), the identification of the subcarrier.

18. The method of claim 16, wherein one or more of the scrambling sequence information of the control information, the scrambling sequence information of the CRC check information of the control information, or the sequence information of the reference signal of the control information corresponds to an identification of the corresponding node or group of nodes.

19. The method of claim 16, wherein the routing information further comprises an identification of a node or group of nodes corresponding to the characteristic of the air interface resource and/or an index of hops corresponding to the characteristic of the air interface resource.

20. The method according to any of claims 16-19, wherein the routing information comprises an identification indicating a route from a source node to a destination node.

21. A method according to claim 14 or 15, characterized in that the first control information indicates a route from the source node to the destination node and/or indicates the destination node or the destination node group.

22. The method according to claim 14 or 15, wherein the first control information indicates that the current node is a destination node or a node in a destination node group comprises:

23. The method of claim 20, wherein the identification indicating a route from a source node to a destination node comprises one or more of a session identification, a node group identification, a destination node identification, or a destination node group identification.

24. The method according to claim 14 or 15, wherein the first control information indicates that the transmission of the first information is a physical layer transmission.

25. The method as recited in claim 16, further comprising:

26. A communication device comprising means for performing the method of any of claims 1 to 25.

27. A communications apparatus comprising a processor coupled to a memory;

A memory for storing a computer program;

a processor for executing a computer program stored in the memory to cause the apparatus to perform the method of any one of claims 1 to 25.

28. A readable storage medium comprising a program or instructions which, when executed by a processor, performs the method of any one of claims 1 to 25.

29. A communication system comprising at least one of the following means:

apparatus for performing the method of any one of claims 1 to 13, or apparatus for performing the method of any one of claims 14 to 25.