CN112770332A - Wireless equipment coverage optimization method for tunnel environment based on multi-wave mode field division - Google Patents

Wireless equipment coverage optimization method for tunnel environment based on multi-wave mode field division Download PDF

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CN112770332A
CN112770332A CN202011353441.1A CN202011353441A CN112770332A CN 112770332 A CN112770332 A CN 112770332A CN 202011353441 A CN202011353441 A CN 202011353441A CN 112770332 A CN112770332 A CN 112770332A
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wireless
equipment
antenna
field area
tunnel
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霍羽
梁睿
孙彦景
赵小虎
丁恩杰
王全余
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China University of Mining and Technology CUMT
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China University of Mining and Technology CUMT
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W16/00—Network planning, e.g. coverage or traffic planning tools; Network deployment, e.g. resource partitioning or cells structures
    • H04W16/18—Network planning tools
    • H04W16/20—Network planning tools for indoor coverage or short range network deployment
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q15/00—Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
    • H01Q15/24—Polarising devices; Polarisation filters 
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W24/00—Supervisory, monitoring or testing arrangements
    • H04W24/02—Arrangements for optimising operational condition
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W4/00—Services specially adapted for wireless communication networks; Facilities therefor
    • H04W4/02—Services making use of location information

Abstract

The invention relates to a wireless equipment coverage optimization method for a tunnel environment based on multi-wave mode field division, and belongs to the field of wireless communication. Firstly, wireless basic equipment acquires a position parameter of terminal equipment in a tunnel; estimating and comparing the boundaries of the near field regions of the horizontally polarized electromagnetic waves and the vertically polarized electromagnetic waves by utilizing a multi-wave mode theory; estimating the optimal antenna polarization of the wireless basic equipment in the whole coverage area for communication, and dividing a near field region and a far field region for electromagnetic wave propagation; then if the electromagnetic wave propagation field area does not need to be divided, the terminal and the wireless basic equipment both adopt a horizontal polarization antenna for communication; otherwise, judging whether the terminal is in a near field area or a far field area, and when the terminal is judged to be in the near field area, communicating the terminal and the wireless basic equipment by adopting a vertical polarization antenna; when the terminal is judged to be located in the far field area, the terminal and the wireless basic equipment are communicated by adopting the horizontal polarization antenna or the vertical polarization antenna, and the method is simple in step and good in using effect.

Description

Wireless equipment coverage optimization method for tunnel environment based on multi-wave mode field division
Technical Field
The invention relates to a wireless equipment coverage optimization method, in particular to a wireless equipment coverage optimization method for a tunnel environment based on multi-wave mode field division, which is suitable for an underground tunnel and belongs to the technical field of electromagnetic signal coverage and energy efficiency management in wireless communication.
Background
With the development of technologies such as smart cities and smart mines, wireless devices using electromagnetic signal communication are widely applied to environments such as railway and highway tunnels, subways and mines, and provide services for personnel positioning, environment monitoring, automatic production, intelligent management and the like. Wireless devices are primarily battery powered and therefore have limited power. Optimizing the wireless coverage of a device by improving the transmission energy efficiency of electromagnetic signals has many benefits, such as reducing the energy consumption of the communication device, extending the usage time of the device; the deployment density of wireless access nodes, relay nodes and the like is reduced, and the deployment cost of wireless communication equipment is reduced; the service life of the wireless network is prolonged, and the connectivity of the wireless network is enhanced.
At present, wireless coverage optimization schemes in the environments of tunnels, subways, mines and the like are provided, wherein the deployment position of wireless equipment is improved, and the beam width of a transmitting-receiving antenna is reduced. The above-described coverage scheme uses only one antenna polarization for communication throughout the coverage field. However, according to the mechanism of influence of antenna polarization on electromagnetic wave signal propagation in a tunnel (y.huo, l.zhao, q.s.hu, e.j.ding, x.h.zhao, and z.sun. "optical polarization of antenna for field coverage in the same networks", IEEE Access, vol.8, No.1, pp.2169-3536,2020.), the same polarization may produce different coverage properties in the near field and the far field of the antenna. When electromagnetic signals are transmitted in a near field region of the transmitting antenna, the vertically polarized antenna can obtain higher path loss than the horizontally polarized antenna; when the electromagnetic signal is transmitted in the far field of the transmitting antenna, only the horizontally polarized antenna can realize lower path loss. In order to further improve the transmission energy efficiency of wireless signals, it is necessary to estimate the optimal polarization of wireless communication, reasonably divide the near-field region and the far-field region of wireless communication equipment, and configure the corresponding optimal antenna polarization according to the actual propagation region of electromagnetic wave signals.
The method for dividing the near field area and the far field area of the existing wireless equipment comprises a first Fresnel gap dividing method and a system identification method. Neither of these two methods can be used to compare the path loss of differently polarized electromagnetic signals and thus cannot estimate the optimal antenna polarization with higher transmission efficiency. Coverage optimization based on existing field division can lead to unreasonable antenna polarization configuration, resulting in higher signal transmission loss.
The existing wireless sensor network technology can provide massive useful information, such as positioning information, inertial navigation information, speed information and the like of a user, and by reasonably utilizing the information and combining an influence mechanism of antenna polarization on signal propagation, the coverage power of wireless equipment can be greatly optimized on the basis of not increasing algorithm complexity, and the transmission energy efficiency of signals is improved.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem is as follows: aiming at the defects of the technology, the wireless equipment coverage optimization method for the tunnel environment based on the division of the multi-wave mode field area is provided, which has the advantages of small application difficulty, simple method and capability of effectively improving the wireless signal transmission energy efficiency.
The technical scheme is as follows: in order to achieve the technical purpose, the method for optimizing the coverage of the wireless equipment for the tunnel environment based on the division of the multi-wave mode field area is suitable for a wireless basic equipment for networking and covering a wireless network in a tunnel, and comprises the following steps: such as a base station, a micro base station, a wireless access node, a relay node, and a server for storing data, a mobile terminal device is arranged in a wireless network area;
the method comprises the following steps:
a, firstly, setting a Cartesian coordinate system in a tunnel, wherein the origin of the coordinate system is positioned at the center of the tunnel and is respectively arranged along the x axis, the y axis and the z axisThe width, height and length of the tunnel, and the antenna coordinates of the wireless infrastructure device are known as (x)0,y0,z0)；
b, acquiring information of all mobile terminal devices in the tunnel through the server: comprising location information (x) of a mobile terminal device1, y1,z1) Information on the moving direction and the moving speed;
c, dividing the near field area and the far field area of the wireless basic equipment by using a multi-wave mode method, wherein the ordinate of the position of the dividing point of the divided near field area and far field area is expressed as zDV；
If the propagation field area of the wireless basic equipment is not divided into a near field area and a far field area, the wireless basic equipment and the mobile terminal equipment both select a horizontal polarization antenna to send and receive signals;
if the ordinate z of the mobile terminal device1∈[z0-zDV,z0+zDV]If so, judging that the mobile terminal equipment is positioned in a near field area of the wireless basic equipment, and switching the wireless basic equipment to a vertical polarization antenna; if the ordinate z of the wireless infrastructure is1∈[-∞,z0-zDV]∪[z0+zDV,+∞]If the mobile terminal equipment is located in the far field area of the wireless basic equipment, the wireless basic equipment is switched to the horizontal polarization antenna for communication; and then sending a parameter configuration command to the mobile terminal equipment, and commanding the mobile terminal equipment to also adopt the same antenna polarization for communication:
d, configuring antenna polarization parameters of the wireless basic equipment and the mobile terminal equipment:
e if the wireless communication between the wireless infrastructure equipment and the mobile terminal equipment is not ended and the terminal moving speed and direction are not changed, the wireless infrastructure equipment utilizes
Figure BDA0002801934540000021
Determining a refreshing period of the antenna polarization parameter, wherein delta represents the moving direction of the terminal equipment; when the terminal equipment approaches to the wireless basic equipment along the z-axis of the tunnel, delta is 1; conversely, δ is-1; v represents the direction of the terminal equipment along the z axis of the tunnelThe speed of the upward movement; when T is a negative number, the antenna polarization parameter configuration of the wireless device remains unchanged; otherwise, after a T period, re-executing the steps b-e to refresh the position of the mobile terminal equipment, further re-dividing the near field area and the far field area, and re-configuring the polarization of the antenna for communication; if the terminal moving speed and direction change, relevant equipment of the wireless network, such as a base station or an edge server, actively informs the wireless basic equipment to refresh the configuration of the antenna polarization, and similarly, the step of re-executing steps b-e is re-executed to refresh the position of the mobile terminal equipment, further re-divide the near field area and the far field area, and re-configure the antenna polarization for communication.
2. The method for optimizing the coverage of the wireless equipment for the tunnel environment based on the division of the multi-wave mode field according to claim 1, wherein the specific method for dividing the near field area and the far field area of the wireless infrastructure equipment by using the multi-wave mode method comprises the following steps:
2.1, solving the boundary of the near field region by utilizing the horizontally polarized electromagnetic wave and the vertically polarized electromagnetic wave, wherein a calculation formula is as follows:
Figure BDA0002801934540000031
Figure BDA0002801934540000032
Figure BDA0002801934540000033
is the near field region boundary of the horizontally polarized electromagnetic wave;
Figure BDA0002801934540000034
is the near field region boundary of the vertically polarized electromagnetic wave; the operator max {. means take the maximum value; m and n are propagation modes of electromagnetic waves and have a value range of
Figure BDA0002801934540000035
Figure BDA0002801934540000036
Determining, wherein w represents the width of the tunnel; h represents the height of the tunnel; λ denotes the wavelength of the electromagnetic signal, CopmnIs the loss of antenna power coupling to the (m, n) mode;
2.2 comparing the near field boundaries of horizontally and vertically polarized electromagnetic waves
Figure BDA0002801934540000037
And
Figure BDA0002801934540000038
estimating the best antenna polarization for wireless communication, i.e. the antenna polarization with the lowest path loss:
if it is not
Figure BDA0002801934540000039
If it is true, in the interval
Figure BDA00028019345400000310
The optimal antenna polarization is vertical polarization; in the interval
Figure BDA00028019345400000311
The optimal antenna polarization is horizontal polarization; if it is not
Figure BDA00028019345400000312
The method is established, and the optimal antenna polarization is always horizontal polarization in the whole propagation field area of the wireless basic equipment;
2.3, dividing a propagation field area of the wireless basic equipment according to an estimation result of the optimal antenna polarization:
when the optimal antenna polarization of wireless communication is always horizontal polarization in the whole propagation field area of the wireless basic equipment, the propagation field area of the wireless basic equipment does not need to be divided; conversely, the propagation field area of the wireless infrastructure is divided into a near field area and a far field area: the boundary point of the two field regions is set as
Figure BDA00028019345400000313
Wherein z ∈ [ z ]0-zDV,z0+zDV]The area of (A) is a near field area; z ∈ [ - ∞, z)0-zDV]∪[z0+zDV,+∞]The region of (a) is the far field region.
3. The method for optimizing coverage of wireless equipment in a tunnel environment based on multi-wave mode field division according to claim 2, wherein the specific solution for loss of coupling antenna power to (m, n) wave mode is as follows:
Figure BDA0002801934540000041
wherein, when m is an even number, phixEqual to 0, otherwise, phixPi/2; when n is an even number, phiyPi/2, conversely, #y＝0； Z0Is the wave impedance, taking the value of 120 pi omega;
Figure BDA0002801934540000042
the transmitting antenna is V in the regiontCurrent density in the space of (a);
Figure BDA0002801934540000043
the transmitting antenna is V in the regionrCurrent density in the space of (a);
the total number M of wave modes in the tunnel is calculated by the following formula:
M＝(2·2w/λ)·(2·2h/λ)＝16wh/λ2；
attenuation coefficient of horizontally and vertically polarized (m, n) wave mode
Figure BDA0002801934540000044
And
Figure BDA0002801934540000045
calculated from the following formula:
Figure BDA0002801934540000046
Figure BDA0002801934540000047
wherein k is02 pi/λ; k1 and K2 are the relative dielectric constants of the tunnel sidewalls and top bottom wall, respectively.
Has the advantages that: the wireless basic equipment can rapidly and accurately divide the electromagnetic wave propagation field area, and then the optimal antenna polarization parameters are adaptively configured for wireless communication in real time, so that the terminal equipment can obtain the wireless communication quality with high energy efficiency at any position. The scheme makes full use of the influence of the antenna parameters on the propagation characteristics of the electromagnetic waves in the tunnel, complex system software and hardware design is not needed, and the coverage performance of the wireless basic equipment can be obviously improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of coverage optimization for a wireless device based on multi-wave mode field partitioning of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the wireless infrastructure and terminals deployed in the tunnel of the present invention.
The specific implementation mode is as follows:
embodiments of the present application are further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings:
as shown in fig. 1, the wireless coverage optimization object of the present invention is a wireless infrastructure device (e.g., a base station, an access node, a relay node, a sink node, etc.) that communicates in a peer-to-peer manner. The base station of the network where the wireless equipment is located can provide positioning information, inertial navigation information and speed information of terminal equipment (such as mobile phones, wireless sensor nodes, wearable equipment and the like). The wireless basic device comprises a horizontal and vertical dual-polarized antenna module, a propagation field partitioning module, an antenna polarization selection module, a clock period module, a signal transmitting module and a signal receiving module. The terminal equipment comprises a horizontal and vertical dual-polarized antenna module, an antenna polarization selection module, a signal transmitting module and a signal receiving module.
As shown in FIG. 2, in a rectangular tunnel with a width of 5.10m and a height of 3.43m, the relative dielectric constant of the tunnel sidewall is 15; the relative dielectric constant of the tunnel top and bottom plates is 10. The electromagnetic signal has a communication frequency of 900MHz and a wavelength of approximately 0.33 m.
The invention relates to a wireless equipment coverage optimization method for a tunnel environment based on multi-wave mode field division, which is suitable for a wireless basic equipment of a networking coverage wireless network in a tunnel: such as a base station, a micro base station, a wireless access node, a relay node, and a server for storing data, a mobile terminal device is arranged in a wireless network area;
the method comprises the following steps:
a, firstly, setting a Cartesian coordinate system in a tunnel, wherein the origin of the coordinate system is positioned at the center of the tunnel, the x axis, the y axis and the z axis are respectively used for respectively following the width direction, the height direction and the length direction of the tunnel, and the antenna coordinate of the wireless basic equipment is known and recorded as (x)0,y0,z0)；
b, acquiring information of all mobile terminal devices in the tunnel through the server: comprising location information (x) of a mobile terminal device1, y1,z1) Information on the moving direction and the moving speed;
c, dividing the near field area and the far field area of the wireless basic equipment by using a multi-wave mode method, wherein the ordinate of the position of the dividing point of the divided near field area and far field area is expressed as zDV；
If the propagation field area of the wireless basic equipment is not divided into a near field area and a far field area, the wireless basic equipment and the mobile terminal equipment both select a horizontal polarization antenna to send and receive signals;
if the ordinate z of the mobile terminal device1∈[z0-zDV,z0+zDV]If so, judging that the mobile terminal equipment is positioned in a near field area of the wireless basic equipment, and switching the wireless basic equipment to a vertical polarization antenna; if the ordinate z of the wireless infrastructure is1∈[-∞,z0-zDV]∪[z0+zDV,+∞]If the mobile terminal equipment is located in the far field area of the wireless basic equipment, the wireless basic equipment is switched to the horizontal polarization antenna for communication; then sending parameter configuration command to mobile terminal equipment, and commanding the mobile terminal equipment to adopt the same antennaPolarization for communication:
d, configuring antenna polarization parameters of the wireless basic equipment and the mobile terminal equipment:
e if the wireless communication between the wireless infrastructure equipment and the mobile terminal equipment is not ended and the terminal moving speed and direction are not changed, the wireless infrastructure equipment utilizes
Figure BDA0002801934540000061
Determining a refreshing period of the antenna polarization parameter, wherein delta represents the moving direction of the terminal equipment; when the terminal equipment approaches to the wireless basic equipment along the z-axis of the tunnel, delta is 1; conversely, δ is-1; v represents the moving speed of the terminal equipment along the z-axis direction of the tunnel; when T is a negative number, the antenna polarization parameter configuration of the wireless device remains unchanged; otherwise, after a T period, re-executing the steps b-e to refresh the position of the mobile terminal equipment, further re-dividing the near field area and the far field area, and re-configuring the polarization of the antenna for communication; if the terminal moving speed and direction change, relevant equipment of the wireless network, such as a base station or an edge server, actively informs the wireless basic equipment to refresh the configuration of the antenna polarization, and similarly, the step of re-executing steps b-e is re-executed to refresh the position of the mobile terminal equipment, further re-divide the near field area and the far field area, and re-configure the antenna polarization for communication.
2. The method for optimizing the coverage of the wireless equipment for the tunnel environment based on the division of the multi-wave mode field according to claim 1, wherein the specific method for dividing the near field area and the far field area of the wireless infrastructure equipment by using the multi-wave mode method comprises the following steps:
2.1, solving the boundary of the near field region by utilizing the horizontally polarized electromagnetic wave and the vertically polarized electromagnetic wave, wherein a calculation formula is as follows:
Figure BDA0002801934540000062
Figure BDA0002801934540000063
Figure BDA0002801934540000064
is the near field region boundary of the horizontally polarized electromagnetic wave;
Figure BDA0002801934540000065
is the near field region boundary of the vertically polarized electromagnetic wave; the operator max {. means take the maximum value; m and n are propagation modes of electromagnetic waves and have a value range of
Figure BDA0002801934540000066
Figure BDA0002801934540000067
Determining, wherein w represents the width of the tunnel; h represents the height of the tunnel; λ denotes the wavelength of the electromagnetic signal, CopmnIs the loss of antenna power coupling to the (m, n) mode;
2.2 comparing the near field boundaries of horizontally and vertically polarized electromagnetic waves
Figure BDA0002801934540000068
And
Figure BDA0002801934540000069
estimating the best antenna polarization for wireless communication, i.e. the antenna polarization with the lowest path loss:
if it is not
Figure BDA00028019345400000610
If it is true, in the interval
Figure BDA00028019345400000611
The optimal antenna polarization is vertical polarization; in the interval
Figure BDA00028019345400000612
The optimal antenna polarization is horizontal polarization; if it is not
Figure BDA00028019345400000613
The method is established, and the optimal antenna polarization is always horizontal polarization in the whole propagation field area of the wireless basic equipment;
2.3, dividing a propagation field area of the wireless basic equipment according to an estimation result of the optimal antenna polarization:
when the optimal antenna polarization of wireless communication is always horizontal polarization in the whole propagation field area of the wireless basic equipment, the propagation field area of the wireless basic equipment does not need to be divided; conversely, the propagation field area of the wireless infrastructure is divided into a near field area and a far field area: the boundary point of the two field regions is set as
Figure BDA0002801934540000071
Wherein z ∈ [ z ]0-zDV,z0+zDV]The area of (A) is a near field area; z ∈ [ - ∞, z)0-zDV]∪[z0+zDV,+∞]The region of (a) is the far field region.
3. The method for optimizing coverage of wireless equipment in a tunnel environment based on multi-wave mode field division according to claim 2, wherein the specific solution for loss of coupling antenna power to (m, n) wave mode is as follows:
Figure BDA0002801934540000072
wherein, when m is an even number, phixEqual to 0, otherwise, phixPi/2; when n is an even number, phiyPi/2, conversely, #y＝0； Z0Is the wave impedance, taking the value of 120 pi omega;
Figure BDA0002801934540000073
the transmitting antenna is V in the regiontCurrent density in the space of (a);
Figure BDA0002801934540000074
the transmitting antenna is V in the regionrCurrent density in the space of (a);
the total number M of wave modes in the tunnel is calculated by the following formula:
M＝(2·2w/λ)·(2·2h/λ)＝16wh/λ2；
attenuation coefficient of horizontally and vertically polarized (m, n) wave mode
Figure BDA0002801934540000075
And
Figure BDA0002801934540000076
calculated from the following formula:
Figure BDA0002801934540000077
Figure BDA0002801934540000078
wherein k is02 pi/λ; k1 and K2 are the relative dielectric constants of the tunnel sidewalls and top bottom wall, respectively.
The first embodiment,
A Cartesian coordinate system is set in the tunnel with its origin at the center of the tunnel. The x, y, and z axes are along the width, height, and length of the tunnel, respectively. The antenna coordinates of the wireless infrastructure device are known and are denoted as (x)0,y0,z0). The antenna coordinates of the wireless infrastructure device in this embodiment are (-2.31,0.14, 0).
Step 1: the wireless infrastructure device requests and receives three-dimensional coordinates (in terms of (x) of the terminal device in the tunnel from a device such as a nearby base station or edge processor that can provide services before preparing to establish communication with the terminal device1,y1,z1) Expressed in v), the speed of movement (expressed in m/s), the direction of movement;
in this embodiment, the position of the terminal device obtained through the wireless network is (0,0.06,60), and the forward moving speed along the z-axis of the tunnel is 1 m/s.
Step 2: the propagation field division module of the wireless basic equipment utilizes a multi-mode method (or a statistical method) to carry out multi-mode on the near field region and the far field region of the wireless basic equipmentAnd (5) dividing. When the near field area and the far field area are divided, the position of the dividing point of the two field areas is determined by the ordinate zDVRepresents;
a. the near field region boundary of the horizontally polarized electromagnetic wave and the vertically polarized electromagnetic wave is calculated. The calculation formula is as follows:
Figure BDA0002801934540000081
Figure BDA0002801934540000082
Figure BDA0002801934540000083
is the near field region boundary of the horizontally polarized electromagnetic wave;
Figure BDA0002801934540000084
is the near field region boundary of the vertically polarized electromagnetic wave; the operator max {. means take the maximum value; m and n are propagation modes of electromagnetic waves and have a value range of
Figure BDA0002801934540000085
Figure BDA0002801934540000086
Determining, wherein w represents the width of the tunnel; h represents the height of the tunnel; λ represents the wavelength of the electromagnetic signal. CopmnIs the loss of coupling of antenna power to the (m, n) wave mode, referred to as coupling loss, determined by:
Figure BDA0002801934540000087
wherein, when m is an even number, phixEqual to 0, otherwise, phixPi/2; when n is an even number, phiyPi/2, conversely, #y＝0；Z0Is the wave impedance, taking the value of 120 pi omega;
Figure BDA0002801934540000091
the transmitting antenna is V in the regiontCurrent density in the space of (a);
Figure BDA0002801934540000092
the transmitting antenna is V in the regionrCurrent density in the space of (a); m is the total number of wave modes in the tunnel and is calculated by the following formula
M＝(2·2w/λ)·(2·2h/λ)＝16wh/λ2；
Figure BDA0002801934540000093
And
Figure BDA0002801934540000094
the attenuation coefficients of the (m, n) wave modes, which are horizontally polarized and vertically polarized, respectively, can be calculated by the following formula:
Figure BDA0002801934540000095
Figure BDA0002801934540000096
wherein k is02 pi/λ; k1 and K2 are the relative dielectric constants of the tunnel sidewalls and top bottom wall, respectively.
In this embodiment, the calculation results
Figure BDA0002801934540000097
b. Comparing near field region boundaries of horizontally polarized electromagnetic waves and vertically polarized electromagnetic waves
Figure BDA0002801934540000098
And
Figure BDA0002801934540000099
estimating the best antenna polarization for wireless communications (best polarization means achievable signal)Antenna polarization for lowest path loss):
if it is not
Figure BDA00028019345400000910
If it is true, in the interval
Figure BDA00028019345400000911
The optimal antenna polarization is vertical polarization; in the interval
Figure BDA00028019345400000912
The optimal antenna polarization is horizontal polarization; if it is not
Figure BDA00028019345400000913
The method is established, and the optimal antenna polarization is always horizontal polarization in the whole propagation field area of the wireless basic equipment;
in the present embodiment, the first and second electrodes are,
Figure BDA00028019345400000914
thus in the interval z ∈ [ -308.70m,308.70m]The optimal antenna polarization is vertical polarization; in the interval z ∈ [ - ∞, -308.70m]∪[308.70m,+∞]The optimal antenna polarization is horizontal polarization;
c. according to the estimation result of the optimal antenna polarization, dividing a propagation field area of the wireless basic equipment:
when the optimal antenna polarization of wireless communication is always horizontal polarization in the whole propagation field area of the wireless basic equipment, the propagation field area of the wireless basic equipment does not need to be divided; conversely, the propagation field region of the wireless infrastructure is divided into a near field region and a far field region. The boundary point of the two field regions is set as
Figure BDA00028019345400000915
Wherein z ∈ [ z ]0-zDV,z0+zDV]The area of (A) is a near field area; z ∈ [ - ∞, z)0-zDV]∪[z0+zDV,+∞]The region of (a) is the far field region.
In this embodiment, the propagation field region of the wireless infrastructure device is divided into near fieldsZone and far field zones; the position of the dividing point of the two field regions is zDV＝308.70m。
Wherein, the area of z ∈ [ -308.70m,308.70m ] is a near field region; the region where z ∈ [ - ∞, -308.70m ]. U [308.70m, + ∞ ] is the far field region.
And 3, step 3: configuring antenna polarization parameters of wireless basic equipment and terminal equipment:
if the propagation field area of the wireless basic equipment is not divided in the step 2, the antenna polarization selection modules of the wireless basic equipment and the terminal equipment select a horizontal polarization antenna to send and receive signals;
if the propagation field of the wireless infrastructure is divided, when z1∈[z0-zDV,z0+zDV]If the terminal is located in the near field area of the wireless basic device, the antenna polarization selection module of the wireless basic device is switched to the vertical polarization antenna; when z is1∈[-∞,z0-zDV]∪[z0+zDV,+∞]If the terminal is located in the far field area of the wireless basic equipment, the antenna polarization selection module of the wireless basic equipment is switched to the horizontal polarization antenna for communication; and then sending a parameter configuration command to the terminal, and commanding an antenna polarization selection module of the terminal to communicate by adopting the same antenna polarization.
In this example, z1＝60m∈[-308.70m,308.70m]And the terminal can be judged to be in the near field area of the wireless basic equipment, and the antenna polarization selection modules of the wireless basic equipment and the terminal are switched to the vertical polarization antenna for communication.
Step 4, if the wireless communication is not finished, the clock period module of the wireless basic device utilizes
Figure BDA0002801934540000101
Determining a refresh period of the antenna polarization parameters; wherein δ represents the moving direction of the terminal equipment, and δ is 1 when the terminal equipment approaches the wireless foundation equipment along the z-axis of the tunnel; conversely, δ is-1; v represents the moving speed of the terminal equipment along the z-axis direction of the tunnel. When T is a negative number, the antenna polarization parameter configuration of the wireless device remains unchanged; inverse directionAfter a period of T, steps 1-4 are re-executed.
In this embodiment, the refresh period of the antenna polarization parameter of the wireless infrastructure is
Figure BDA0002801934540000102
If the wireless communication has not ended and the infrastructure has not received the displacement information update notification about the terminal, steps 1-4 will be re-executed after 248.70 s.

Claims (3)

1. A wireless device coverage optimization method for a tunnel environment based on multi-wave mode field division is characterized by comprising the following steps: a wireless infrastructure device adapted for intra-tunnel networking overlay wireless networks: such as a base station, a micro base station, a wireless access node, a relay node, and a server for storing data, a mobile terminal device is arranged in a wireless network area;
the method comprises the following steps:
a, firstly, setting a Cartesian coordinate system in a tunnel, wherein the origin of the coordinate system is positioned at the center of the tunnel, the x axis, the y axis and the z axis are respectively used for respectively following the width direction, the height direction and the length direction of the tunnel, and the antenna coordinate of the wireless basic equipment is known and recorded as (x)0,y0,z0)；
b, acquiring information of all mobile terminal devices in the tunnel through the server: comprising location information (x) of a mobile terminal device1,y1,z1) Information on the moving direction and the moving speed;
c, dividing the near field area and the far field area of the wireless basic equipment by using a multi-mode method, wherein the ordinate of the position of the dividing point of the divided near field area and far field area is expressed as zDV；
If the propagation field area of the wireless basic equipment is not divided into a near field area and a far field area, the wireless basic equipment and the mobile terminal equipment both select a horizontal polarization antenna to send and receive signals;
if the ordinate z of the mobile terminal device1∈[z0-zDV,z0+zDV]If yes, the mobile terminal equipment is judged to be located in the near field area of the wireless basic equipment, and the wireless basic equipmentSwitching to a vertically polarized antenna; if the ordinate z of the wireless infrastructure is1∈[-∞,z0-zDV]∪[z0+zDV,+∞]If the mobile terminal equipment is located in the far field area of the wireless basic equipment, the wireless basic equipment is switched to a horizontal polarization antenna for communication; and then sending a parameter configuration command to the mobile terminal equipment, and commanding the mobile terminal equipment to also adopt the same antenna polarization for communication:
d, configuring antenna polarization parameters of the wireless basic equipment and the mobile terminal equipment:
e if the wireless communication between the wireless infrastructure equipment and the mobile terminal equipment is not ended and the terminal moving speed and direction are not changed, the wireless infrastructure equipment utilizes
Figure FDA0002801934530000011
Determining a refreshing period of antenna polarization parameters, wherein delta represents the moving direction of the terminal equipment; when the terminal equipment approaches to the wireless basic equipment along the z-axis of the tunnel, delta is 1; conversely, δ is-1; v represents the moving speed of the terminal equipment along the z-axis direction of the tunnel; when T is a negative number, the antenna polarization parameter configuration of the wireless device remains unchanged; otherwise, after a T period, re-executing the steps b-e to refresh the position of the mobile terminal equipment, further re-dividing the near field area and the far field area, and re-configuring the polarization of the antenna for communication; if the terminal moving speed and direction change, relevant equipment of the wireless network, such as a base station or an edge server, actively informs wireless basic equipment to refresh the configuration of antenna polarization, and also re-executes the steps of re-executing the steps b-e to refresh the position of the mobile terminal equipment, further re-divide the near field area and the far field area, and re-configure the antenna polarization for communication.
2. The method for optimizing the coverage of the wireless equipment for the tunnel environment based on the division of the multi-wave mode field according to claim 1, wherein the specific method for dividing the near field area and the far field area of the wireless infrastructure equipment by using the multi-wave mode method comprises the following steps:
2.1, solving the boundary of the near field region by utilizing the horizontally polarized electromagnetic wave and the vertically polarized electromagnetic wave, wherein a calculation formula is as follows:
Figure FDA0002801934530000021
Figure FDA0002801934530000022
Figure FDA0002801934530000023
is the near field region boundary of the horizontally polarized electromagnetic wave;
Figure FDA0002801934530000024
is the near field region boundary of the vertically polarized electromagnetic wave; the operator max {. means take the maximum value; m and n are propagation modes of electromagnetic waves and have a value range of
Figure FDA0002801934530000025
Figure FDA0002801934530000026
Determining, wherein w represents the width of the tunnel; h represents the height of the tunnel; λ denotes the wavelength of the electromagnetic signal, CopmnIs the loss of antenna power coupling to the (m, n) mode;
2.2 comparing the near field boundaries of horizontally and vertically polarized electromagnetic waves
Figure FDA0002801934530000027
And
Figure FDA0002801934530000028
estimating the best antenna polarization for wireless communication, i.e. the antenna polarization with the lowest path loss:
if it is not
Figure FDA0002801934530000029
If it is true, in the interval
Figure FDA00028019345300000210
The optimal antenna polarization is vertical polarization; in the interval
Figure FDA00028019345300000211
The optimal antenna polarization is horizontal polarization; if it is not
Figure FDA00028019345300000212
The establishment is that the optimal antenna polarization is always horizontal polarization in the whole propagation field area of the wireless basic equipment;
2.3, dividing a propagation field area of the wireless basic equipment according to an estimation result of the optimal antenna polarization:
when the optimal antenna polarization of wireless communication is always horizontal polarization in the whole propagation field area of the wireless basic equipment, the propagation field area of the wireless basic equipment does not need to be divided; conversely, the propagation field of the wireless basic device is divided into a near field and a far field: the boundary point of the two field regions is set as
Figure FDA00028019345300000213
Wherein z ∈ [ z ]0-zDV,z0+zDV]The region of (A) is a near field region; z ∈ [ - ∞, z)0-zDV]∪[z0+zDV,+∞]The region of (a) is the far field region.
3. The method for optimizing coverage of wireless equipment in a tunnel environment based on multi-wave mode field division according to claim 2, wherein the specific solution for loss of coupling antenna power to (m, n) wave mode is as follows:
Figure FDA0002801934530000031
wherein, when m is an even number，φxEqual to 0, otherwise, phixPi/2; when n is an even number, phiyPi/2, conversely, #y＝0；Z0Is the wave impedance, taking the value of 120 pi omega;
Figure FDA0002801934530000032
the transmitting antenna is V in the regiontCurrent density in the space of (a);
Figure FDA0002801934530000033
the transmitting antenna is V in the regionrCurrent density in the space of (a);
the total number M of wave modes in the tunnel is calculated by the following formula:
M＝(2·2w/λ)·(2·2h/λ)＝16wh/λ2；
attenuation coefficient of horizontally and vertically polarized (m, n) wave mode
Figure FDA0002801934530000034
And
Figure FDA0002801934530000035
calculated from the following formula:
Figure FDA0002801934530000036
Figure FDA0002801934530000037
wherein k is02 pi/λ; k1 and K2 are the relative dielectric constants of the tunnel sidewalls and top bottom wall, respectively.
CN202011353441.1A 2020-11-27 2020-11-27 Wireless equipment coverage optimization method for tunnel environment based on multi-wave mode field division Pending CN112770332A (en)

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Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107359909A (en) * 2017-07-19 2017-11-17 中国矿业大学 Adaptive sparse array antenna module and battle array construction design method in one species waveguide tunnel communication environments

Patent Citations (1)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107359909A (en) * 2017-07-19 2017-11-17 中国矿业大学 Adaptive sparse array antenna module and battle array construction design method in one species waveguide tunnel communication environments

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