CN112769616A - CAN network transient link fault positioning method based on information association - Google Patents
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- H04L41/00—Arrangements for maintenance, administration or management of data switching networks, e.g. of packet switching networks
- H04L41/06—Management of faults, events, alarms or notifications
- H04L41/0677—Localisation of faults
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L12/00—Data switching networks
- H04L12/28—Data switching networks characterised by path configuration, e.g. LAN [Local Area Networks] or WAN [Wide Area Networks]
- H04L12/40—Bus networks
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- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L41/00—Arrangements for maintenance, administration or management of data switching networks, e.g. of packet switching networks
- H04L41/06—Management of faults, events, alarms or notifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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Abstract
The invention relates to a CAN network transient link fault positioning method based on information association, which is technically characterized by comprising the following steps: defining an error event and extracting the error event; establishing alarm types and deducing possible faults, declaring the meaning of an alarm by sorting and inducing discrete error events, and deducing a possible fault source set corresponding to each alarm type through CFG; a fault is positioned through a fault positioning algorithm based on minimum information cost, and a front information algorithm PIA capable of isolating a real fault source is designed. The invention adopts the algorithm of discrete digital signals to be applied to the field of CAN network transient connection fault positioning, provides a set of parameterized fault positioning method based on information association, fills the blank of related research in China, is suitable for subsystems such as ship navigation, power stations and the like, has universality, and CAN be used when other field industrial buses carry out transient link fault positioning.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of automatic fault diagnosis, and particularly relates to a CAN network transient link fault positioning method based on information association.
Background
The CAN bus belongs to a field bus, has the outstanding advantages of strong real-time performance, high reliability, perfect functions, reasonable cost and the like, and is widely applied to ship equipment, including subsystems of navigation information acquisition, power station data monitoring and the like.
The factors causing the CAN network fault are many, such as improper configuration, electromagnetic pulse interference, unreasonable grounding, aging of an information transmission medium and the like, and the factors include three types of hardware malfunction, software malfunction and medium failure. In a ship environment, since the CAN bus is connected with the interconnection of a plurality of electronic devices in a plurality of cabins, electromagnetic interference, power disturbance or high-energy particle flow may exist in the bus, and the normal communication of the bus is affected. The most obvious influence of electromagnetic interference can bring about the influences of bit flipping, CRC (cyclic redundancy check) errors and the like in the communication process.
Of the many types of faults, failure of the medium (i.e., so-called cable), also known as link failure, is a fault that is difficult to diagnose and locate. Links are of less interest in the overall system than other components of the network, but the effectiveness of the communication must be established over a reliable link connection. The ISO/DIS-11898 protocol makes standardized regulation on physical media, regulates the service life characteristics, the branch connection length, the impedance characteristic and the like, and is a link which is not negligible in the design of a CAN bus network system. When the impedance characteristics of the physical medium change, the signal output capability of the node is affected, and when the impedance characteristics change seriously, the dynamic on-off of the line is also caused, so that the normal conversation flow in the network is affected.
Transient Connections (ICs), an unreliable connection phenomenon of a medium, are used to describe a random Intermittent transient on-off state of a line. CAN networks belong to Carrier Sense Multiple Access (CSMA) communication networks and when an IC failure is active, it interferes with the transmission bit stream information in the session, causing it to fail. Although the fault-tolerant mechanism of the CAN protocol allows retransmission of data packets, it wastes bandwidth resources to some extent, causing delay in information transmission. When transient connection occurs continuously and information transmission delay reaches a limit, the quality of the network is suddenly reduced, and unexpected consequences are caused.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art, provides a CAN network transient link fault positioning method based on information association, and realizes the rapid positioning of CAN network transient link faults.
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme:
a CAN network transient link fault positioning method based on information association comprises the following steps:
step 1, defining an error event and extracting the error event;
step2, establishing an alarm type and deducing possible faults;
and 3, positioning the fault through a fault positioning algorithm based on the minimum information cost.
Moreover, the method for defining the error event in step 1 is as follows:
using source node ID NmAnd an observation position TnSum signal characteristic E0/1Three dimensions define the error event, and the recorded sample points are marked as { Nm,Tn,E0/1}，
Wherein N ismSending the ID information of the source node for the CAN network at the current moment; t isnThe values of the observation positions are {0,1}, and the observation positions are respectively positioned at terminal resistors at the head side and the tail side of the CAN network; e0/1Error frame condition recorded for the current observed position, E1In order that the interrupted data packet is affected by a link failure, E0The packets are not affected by the link failure for the interrupted packets.
Moreover, the device used for extracting the error event in the step 1 is deployed at the observation position T0And an observation position T1CAN bus analyzer or CAN bus oscilloscope.
And when the CAN bus analyzer or the CAN bus oscilloscope detects an error frame, the rising edge sampling trigger is immediately carried out, and a physical waveform signal is recorded and stored until the transmission of the last data packet of the current message is finished.
Moreover, the specific implementation method for establishing the alarm type in the step2 is as follows: describing by using a context-free grammar CFG, defining the CFG as (V, T, P, S), where V is a CAN network logical communication path; t is a logical connection; p is a communication logic path and is formed by logic connection combination; s is a root variable.
Moreover, the specific implementation method for deducing the possible faults in the step2 is as follows: adopting a front information algorithm PIA, wherein the input of the front algorithm PIA is as follows: a newly arrived alarm, a set of events and alarms associated therewith, information about the network topology described by the CFG and the set of possible failure sources for alarm inference; the front algorithm PIA output is: a new set of events indicates possible faulty source locations.
Further, the step3 includes the steps of:
step 3.1, given new alarms and description of network topology through information cost, identifying alarms and reasoning out possible faults;
and 3.2, associating the information of the three aspects for each event:
a possible IC fault logical connection in a network that triggers numerous alarms;
secondly, the information cost of the logic connection is given according to the prior probability;
and thirdly, the inferred possible fault sources contain the logic connection and all corresponding alarms in a set.
And 3.3, searching an event set, wherein the information cost corresponding to the event set is minimum, all alarms are associated to at least one event in the event set, and finally, the most possible fault source set and the corresponding CAN network link fault position are given.
The invention has the advantages and positive effects that:
defining an error event, extracting the error event, and providing that the error event is defined by three dimensions of a source node ID, an observation position and a signal characteristic according to the combination of a CAN network topological structure and a transient connection characteristic, wherein the extraction of error event information is derived from bit stream information sampled and transmitted at terminal resistors at the head side and the tail side of a CAN network by using a CAN analyzer; establishing alarm types and deducing possible faults, declaring the meaning of an alarm by sorting and inducing discrete error events, and deducing a possible fault source set corresponding to each alarm type through CFG; a fault is positioned through a fault positioning algorithm based on minimum information cost, and a front information algorithm PIA capable of isolating a real fault source is designed. The invention adopts the algorithm of discrete digital signals to be applied to the field of CAN network transient connection fault positioning, provides a set of parameterized fault positioning method based on information association, fills the blank of related research in China, is suitable for subsystems such as ship navigation, power stations and the like, has universality, and CAN be used when other field industrial buses carry out transient link fault positioning.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a process of transient link fault location based on information association according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic and error event definition diagram of the CAN network abstraction of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a flow chart of the physical waveform signal capturing based on the error frame triggering according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
A method for locating a transient link fault of a CAN network based on information association, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, includes the following steps:
step 1, defining an error event and extracting the error event. The specific implementation method of the step is as follows:
defining an error event:
using source node ID NmAnd an observation position TnSum signal characteristic E0/1Three dimensions define the error event, and the recorded sample points are marked as { Nm,Tn,E0/1In which N ismSending the ID information of the source node for the CAN network at the current moment; t isnThe values of the observation positions are {0,1}, and the observation positions are respectively positioned at terminal resistors at the head side and the tail side of the CAN network; e0/1Error frame condition recorded for the current observed position, E1For interrupted data packetInfluence of a link failure, E0The packets are not affected by the link failure for the interrupted packets.
The device for extracting error event usage is deployed at T0、T1CAN bus analyzer or CAN bus oscilloscope. The CAN bus analyzer or the CAN bus oscilloscope has the CAN bus protocol analysis function, when an error frame is detected, rising edge sampling triggering is immediately carried out, and a physical waveform signal is recorded and stored until the transmission of the last data packet of the current message is finished.
And 2, establishing an alarm type and deducing possible faults. The specific implementation method of the step is as follows:
the alarm type is cluster information from discrete sample points, and is described by adopting a context-free grammar CFG, and the CFG is defined as G ═ V, T, P and S, wherein V is a CAN network logic communication path; t is a logical connection; p is a communication logic path and is formed by logic connection combination; s is a root variable.
The reasoning of the possible fault source set adopts a front information algorithm PIA, wherein the input of the front algorithm PIA is as follows: a newly arrived alarm, a set of events and alarms associated therewith, information about the network topology described by the CFG and the set of possible failure sources for alarm inference; the front algorithm PIA output is: a new set of events indicates possible faulty source locations.
And 3, positioning the fault through a fault positioning algorithm based on the minimum information cost. The method comprises the following steps:
step 3.1, given new alarms and description of network topology through information cost, identifying alarms and reasoning out possible faults;
and 3.2, associating the information of the three aspects for each event:
a possible IC fault logical connection in the network that triggers numerous alarms;
secondly, the information cost of the logic connection is given according to the prior probability;
and thirdly, the inferred possible fault sources contain the logic connection and all corresponding alarms in a set.
And 3.3, searching an event set, wherein the information cost corresponding to the event set is minimum, all alarms are associated to at least one event in the event set, and finally, the most possible fault source set and the corresponding CAN network link fault position are given.
Through the CAN network transient link fault positioning method based on information association, a certain CAN network is tested to verify the correctness of the method provided by the invention:
the tested CAN network has 8 nodes, the baud rate is 125Kbps, a trunk-branch linear topological mode is adopted, two terminals of a trunk are both connected with a 120-ohm terminal resistor, and the CAN bus analyzer adopts a remote electronic CANScope analyzer.
Step 1, defining and extracting error events.
First, a CAN network is abstracted into a corresponding straight line structure diagram, as shown in fig. 3.
Fig. 3 is an abstract line graph of a CAN network in which 7 child nodes and 1 master node are connected. Respectively using tiMarking a certain section of logical connection of trunk cables in the network; bjA certain section of logical connection of the branch cable is formed; pkIs an observation position arranged at a certain node; t is1And T2Is an observation position arranged on the terminal resistors at two sides; n is a radical ofmThe method is characterized in that the method is a unique identifier for the node participating in bus communication for attaching the physical address of the node.
Source node ID NmAnd an observation position TnSignal characteristic E0/1Three dimensions define the error event, and the recorded sample points are marked as { Nm,Tn,E0/1}; wherein N ismID information indicating a transmission source node of the CAN network at the current moment; t isnRepresenting an observation position, taking a value of {0,1}, and respectively locating at terminal resistors at the head and the tail of the CAN network; e0/1Indicating the condition of the erroneous frame recorded at the current observed position, E1In order that the interrupted data packet is affected by a link failure, E0The packets are not affected by the link failure for the interrupted packets.
And thirdly, capturing the error event triggered based on the error frame.
As shown in fig. 4, the CAN bus analyzer is used to trigger recording of the interrupted physical waveform of the data packet when detecting an error frame.
And fourthly, extracting the error event.
Triggering at a group of observation locations T with an erroneous frame1And T2And simultaneously acquiring and recording a large number of physical waveforms of the interrupted data packets, extracting dimension information of the physical waveforms, and regarding the obtained discrete error events as samples.
The recording needs to span a certain length of time, in the example, the recording time is 2 hours. The corresponding error events collected during the time period are classified and account for a certain proportion in number, and such classified error events are defined as alarms.
In an embodiment, there are 100 packets of interrupt from node N18Corresponding error event { N }18，E0，E167 of them, { N }18，E1，E0There are 3, { N }18，E0，E030, then N18，E0，E1}，{N18，E0，E0Is called alarm, and N18，El，E0And (4) considering the event as a small probability event, belonging to unreliable information, and discarding the corresponding sample point when performing overall estimation.
And step two, establishing an alarm type and reasoning a possible fault source set.
The method includes the steps of describing alarm types by using a context free grammar CFG. CFG is defined as G ═ (V, T, P, S), V is a CAN network logical communication path, T is a logical connection, P means that the communication logical path CAN be composed of logical connections, and S is a special variable called root variable;
and reasoning of a possible fault source set adopts a positive information algorithm PIA, and the algorithm input is as follows: a newly arrived alarm, a set of events and alarms associated therewith, information about the network topology described by the CFG and the set of possible failure sources for alarm inference; the output is: a new set of events indicates possible faulty source locations.
And step three, operating a fault positioning algorithm based on the minimum information cost.
The method comprises the steps of identifying a possible fault inferred by an alarm given a new alarm and a description of a network topology by using information cost;
secondly, for each event, information of three aspects needs to be correlated:
failure, i.e., one possible IC failing logical connection in the network that triggers numerous alarms;
according to the prior probability, giving the information cost of the logic connection;
the inferred set of possible failure sources contains all alarms corresponding to this logical connection.
Then, an event set is searched, the information cost corresponding to the event set is minimum, all alarms are associated to at least one event in the event set, and finally, the most possible fault source set and the corresponding CAN network link fault position are given.
And thirdly, converting the event set with the minimum information cost into a nondeterministic polynomial to solve the optimal solution problem. The polynomial expression is described as follows:
firstly, a front information algorithm:
inputting: a limited set of possible failure sources F, an information cost I (F) e Z+For any F ∈ F, a is a set of subsets of the set F, i.e., a ∈ 2F. A contains an element
Where n represents the number of observed alarm types. Each AjA set of possible fault sources inferred for the jth alarm.
And (3) outputting: a subset
So that it is possible to
Wherein, for all AjE.g. A, if and only if
And
g ∈ e. It is stated that F' is the set G that both minimizes the cost of information and interprets all alarms.
Secondly, solving an optimal solution method:
step1：
step 2: set A assigned to element F' with the most FjComprising, here AjE.g. A. If there is more than one such element f, the one with the lowest information cost is selected.
step 3: all elements containing f' are deleted from A so that A is progressively reduced. If A is an empty set, F' is output, otherwise step2 is repeated.
Solving suspected fault node PkThen, the observation node is changed into PkRepeating the first step to the third step for two adjacent nodes, adopting the same event definition and fault type to establish, and finally solving the optimal solution of the polynomial, if the optimal solution is still PkThe location of the CAN network transient link fault is located.
It should be emphasized that the embodiments described herein are illustrative rather than restrictive, and thus the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described in the detailed description, but also includes other embodiments that can be derived from the technical solutions of the present invention by those skilled in the art.
Claims (7)
1. A CAN network transient link fault positioning method based on information association is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, defining an error event and extracting the error event;
step2, establishing an alarm type and deducing possible faults;
and 3, positioning the fault through a fault positioning algorithm based on the minimum information cost.
2. The CAN network transient link fault location method based on information association according to claim 1, characterized in that: the method for defining the error event in the step 1 comprises the following steps:
using source node ID NmAnd an observation position TnSum signal characteristic E0/1Three dimensions define the error event, and the recorded sample points are marked as { Nm,Tn,E0/1}，
Wherein N ismSending the ID information of the source node for the CAN network at the current moment; t isnThe values of the observation positions are {0,1}, and the observation positions are respectively positioned at terminal resistors at the head side and the tail side of the CAN network; e0/1Error frame condition recorded for the current observed position, E1In order that the interrupted data packet is affected by a link failure, E0The packets are not affected by the link failure for the interrupted packets.
3. The CAN network transient link fault location method based on information association according to claim 1, characterized in that: the equipment used for extracting the error event in the step 1 is deployed at an observation position T0And an observation position T1CAN bus analyzer or CAN bus oscilloscope.
4. The CAN network transient link fault location method based on information association according to claim 3, characterized in that: and when the CAN bus analyzer or the CAN bus oscilloscope detects an error frame, immediately carrying out rising edge sampling triggering, recording a physical waveform signal and storing the physical waveform signal until the transmission of the last data packet of the current message is finished.
5. The CAN network transient link fault location method based on information association according to claim 1, characterized in that: the specific implementation method for establishing the alarm type in the step2 comprises the following steps: describing by using a context-free grammar CFG, defining the CFG as (V, T, P, S), where V is a CAN network logical communication path; t is a logical connection; p is a communication logic path and is formed by logic connection combination; s is a root variable.
6. The CAN network transient link fault location method based on information association according to claim 1, characterized in that: the specific implementation method for deducing the possible faults in the step2 comprises the following steps: adopting a front information algorithm PIA, wherein the input of the front algorithm PIA is as follows: a newly arrived alarm, a set of events and alarms associated therewith, information about the network topology described by the CFG and the set of possible failure sources for alarm inference; the front algorithm PIA output is: a new set of events indicates possible faulty source locations.
7. The CAN network transient link fault location method based on information association according to claim 1, characterized in that: the step3 comprises the following steps:
step 3.1, given new alarms and description of network topology through information cost, identifying alarms and reasoning out possible faults;
and 3.2, associating the information of the three aspects for each event:
a possible IC fault logical connection in a network that triggers numerous alarms;
secondly, the information cost of the logic connection is given according to the prior probability;
thirdly, all the corresponding alarms and the logical connection are contained in the inferred possible fault sources;
and 3.3, searching an event set, wherein the information cost corresponding to the event set is minimum, all alarms are associated to at least one event in the event set, and finally, the most possible fault source set and the corresponding CAN network link fault position are given.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2011198156A (en) * | 2010-03-19 | 2011-10-06 | Fujitsu Ltd | Device, method and program for detecting extraction error of event information |
| CN103259686A (en) * | 2013-05-31 | 2013-08-21 | 浙江大学 | CAN bus network fault diagnosis method based on disperse error events |
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