CN112768139B - High-conductivity aluminum wire cable core and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
High-conductivity aluminum wire cable core and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a high-conductivity aluminum wire cable core and a preparation method thereof. The invention comprises the following steps: taking a foamed aluminum rod as a raw material, continuously and uniformly plating a layer of copper on the surface of the foamed aluminum rod, wherein the thickness of the copper plating layer is 0.1-5.0 mu m; enabling the copper-plated foamed aluminum rod to grow a graphene layer in situ on the surface of the copper-plated foamed aluminum rod at the temperature of 500-650 ℃ under the action of mixed gas consisting of inert gas, hydrogen and methane, wherein the thickness of the graphene layer is 0.34-1.00nm, and obtaining the foamed aluminum rod with the graphene; and (4) hot rolling and molding to obtain the cable core. According to the invention, the copper films are uniformly and continuously plated on all the inner surfaces and the outer surfaces of the foamed aluminum rods, the graphene layers are uniformly and continuously grown on all the surfaces of the copper films, the obtained aluminum wire cable core realizes the continuous distribution of graphene in the aluminum wires, a continuous high-conductivity network is formed, the conductivity is high, and the graphene modified aluminum wire cable core with high conductivity is obtained.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of cables, and particularly relates to a high-conductivity aluminum wire cable core and a preparation method thereof.
Background
With the continuous improvement of the electrification degree of modern rail transit trains, the number of vehicle-mounted cables is gradually increased. The cable core is usually made of copper or aluminum, and the conventional copper conductor has a high density, so that the contradiction between the number and the weight of the cable cannot be met. The density of the aluminum conductor is only 1/3 for the copper conductor, but the aluminum conductivity is only 2/3 for the copper conductor. The use of aluminum conductors reduces the weight of the cable by about 50% for the same resistance, but also increases the volume of the cable by 50% to reduce the space available for the train. Therefore, on the premise of keeping the low density of the aluminum conductor, the conductivity of the aluminum conductor needs to be greatly improved, so that the requirements of future trains on light-weight high-conductivity high-performance conductive materials are met. The graphene has extremely excellent conductivity, the theoretical carrier migration rate of the graphene is 100 ten thousand times of that of copper, and the graphene is an ideal aluminum conductor modified material. The graphene modified aluminum conductor is expected to prepare a light high-conductivity material meeting the requirements of future trains.
In the prior art, methods for modifying an aluminum conductor by graphene mainly comprise a powder metallurgy method and a wire surface deposition method. The powder metallurgy method is the most conventional method for modifying an aluminum conductor by graphene, and mainly takes graphene powder as a raw material, the graphene powder is uniformly dispersed by mixing with aluminum powder, an ingot blank is obtained by sintering, and finally a graphene aluminum wire is obtained by drawing deformation. In the drawing deformation process, the material is greatly deformed due to elongation, and the low-content graphene is difficult to form a continuous high-conductivity network in an aluminum wire matrix; even if the networking of graphene is realized by adopting high-content graphene, the conductivity of graphene is greatly reduced due to a large number of interfaces between graphene sheets, and the high-conductivity characteristic of graphene cannot be fully exerted. In addition, although the method of depositing graphene on the surface of the aluminum wire can obtain a continuously distributed high-conductivity network, the method of modifying the aluminum wire with graphene also has two main problems: firstly, the thickness of the single-layer graphene is only 0.34nm, only 1 layer of graphene is deposited on the surface of the aluminum wire, the effective conductive section is still small, and the improvement on the conductive performance is limited; if multilayer graphene is deposited, the conductivity of the graphene is greatly reduced. Secondly, the graphene directly grown on the aluminum surface is generally low in quality, the difference between the conductivity and the conductivity of the graphene grown on the aluminum substrate is large, and the high conductivity of the graphene cannot be fully exerted.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a preparation method of a high-conductivity aluminum wire cable core and the aluminum wire cable core obtained by the preparation method, and aims to solve the problems that in the prior art, a graphene modified aluminum conductor used as a cable core has discontinuous graphene layers and thin single-layer graphene, the graphene layers cannot be compatible in thickness and conductivity, and the graphene layers have poor quality, so that the conductivity is low.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention is mainly realized by the following technical scheme:
in one aspect, the invention provides a method for preparing a high-conductivity aluminum wire cable core, which comprises the following steps: 1) taking a foamed aluminum rod, wherein a plurality of pore passages are formed in the foamed aluminum rod, are communicated with one another and are connected with the outside atmosphere for later use; 2) continuously and uniformly plating a layer of copper on the surface of the foamed aluminum rod obtained in the step 1), wherein the thickness of the copper plating layer is 0.1-5 mu m, so as to obtain a copper plating foamed aluminum rod; 3) growing a graphene layer on the surface of the copper-plated foamed aluminum rod obtained in the step 2) in situ under the action of mixed gas consisting of inert gas, hydrogen and methane by adopting a plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition method at 650 ℃, wherein the volume ratio of the inert gas, the hydrogen and the methane in the mixed gas is 18-20:1-2:2-3, the flow rate of the mixed gas is 200-250SCCM, the action time of the copper-plated foamed aluminum rod and the mixed gas is 5-120min, and the thickness of the graphene layer is 0.34-1.00nm, so as to obtain the foamed aluminum rod with the graphene; 4) and 3) carrying out hot rolling and molding on the foamed aluminum rod with the graphene grown in the step 3) to obtain the cable core.
The preparation method of the high-conductivity aluminum wire cable core takes the foamed aluminum rod as a raw material, fully utilizes the mutually communicated pore structure of the foamed aluminum rod, firstly, copper is plated on the surface of the porous foamed aluminum rod, so that the surface of an inner hole and the outer surface of the foamed aluminum rod are plated with a layer of copper, and all the inner surface and the outer surface of the foamed aluminum rod are uniformly and continuously plated with a layer of copper; then, growing a graphene layer on the surface of the copper-plated foamed aluminum rod by adopting a Plasma Enhanced Chemical Vapor Deposition (PECVD) method, and ensuring that the graphene layer is uniformly and continuously grown on the surfaces of all copper films; finally, the foam aluminum rod is formed in a hot rolling mode, so that the densification from the foam aluminum rod to a wire material is effectively realized, the foam aluminum rod on which the graphene layer grows is mainly subjected to radial shrinkage and extends in the length direction as little as possible, and the graphene is ensured to be continuously distributed in a finished cable core in the length direction; the preparation method is simple, short in process flow, convenient to operate and easy to realize industrialization.
In a preferred embodiment, the copper plating method in step 2) is physical vapor deposition copper plating, electroless copper plating or electrodeposition copper plating. According to the invention, a layer of copper is plated on the outer surfaces of all inner hole surfaces of the foamed aluminum rod by various different methods, so that the copper plating layer permeates into the aluminum wire cable core, and the graphene can be directly grown on the surface of the copper plating layer in the follow-up process.
As a preferred embodiment, the physical vapor deposition copper plating method comprises the following steps: adopting a tubular cavity, wherein the length of the tubular cavity is 2.0-2.5m, and 3 physical vapor deposition devices are arranged on the periphery of the tubular cavity; the foamed aluminum rod adopts a roll-to-roll mode, a pay-off device and a take-up device are respectively arranged at the pay-off position and the take-up position, the running speed of the foamed aluminum rod in the tubular cavity is 1-20mm/min, and 3 physical vapor deposition devices continuously work at the same time. The physical vapor deposition copper plating method is preferably adopted, the method can effectively control the thickness of the copper plating layer, obtain a thinner copper plating layer, and can not introduce other impurities, so that the purity of the obtained copper plating layer is better.
As a preferred embodiment, in the step 1), the porosity of the aluminum foam rod is 60 to 90%. The foamed aluminum rod has no closed pores inside, all the pores are communicated with each other and directly connected with the outside atmosphere, so that the copper-plated layer and the graphene layer grown in situ are fully ensured to permeate into the pore canal of the foamed aluminum rod, all the inner surfaces of the foamed aluminum rod can be uniformly plated with the copper layer and grow with the graphene layer, and a continuous high-conductivity network is formed.
In a preferred embodiment, in the step 4), the total elongation of the aluminum foam rod with the graphene grown thereon in the length direction is less than or equal to 20%. According to the invention, the foamed aluminum rod mainly radially contracts in the hot rolling process, the foamed aluminum rod extends in the length direction as little as possible, the total elongation in the length direction is required to be less than or equal to 20%, and the graphene is fully ensured to be continuously distributed in the aluminum wire cable core in the length direction.
As a preferred embodiment, the temperature of the hot rolling in the step 4) is 400-550 ℃. The invention has proper hot rolling temperature and can effectively realize the densification from the foamed aluminum rod to the wire.
In a preferred embodiment, in step 3), a tubular cavity is also adopted, the copper-plated aluminum foam rod is also in a roll-to-roll manner, the length of the tubular cavity is 2.5-5.0m, and the running speed of the copper-plated aluminum foam rod is 10-500 mm/min. The method comprises the steps of growing a graphene layer on the surface of a copper-plated foamed aluminum rod by adopting a PECVD method, introducing mixed gas of hydrogen and methane into a tubular cavity, and diluting by adopting inert gas; the copper-plated foamed aluminum rod slowly advances in the middle of the tubular cavity by adopting a roll-to-roll structure, so that the graphene layer can be fully and continuously grown on the surfaces of all copper films; graphene is plated only one layer, but multiple layers of graphene can be grown on the surface of the copper-plated foamed aluminum rod, and in general, the thickness of one layer of graphene is 0.34nm, the thickness of two layers of graphene is 0.67nm, and the thickness of three layers of graphene is 1.0 nm.
In another aspect, the invention provides a high-conductivity aluminum wire cable core, which is prepared according to the preparation method of the high-conductivity aluminum wire cable core.
The high-conductivity aluminum wire cable core obtained by the invention takes the foamed aluminum rod as the core, a copper-plated layer is continuously plated on all the inner surfaces and the outer surfaces of the foamed aluminum rod, graphene layers are uniformly and continuously grown on the surfaces of all the copper-plated layers, and continuous distribution of graphene in the aluminum wire is realized through the control of hot rolling, so that a continuous high-conductivity network is formed, and the high-conductivity aluminum wire cable core has high conductivity.
As a preferred embodiment, the electrical conductivity of the cable core is 65-70% IACS, and the tensile strength of the cable core is 188-. The high-conductivity aluminum wire cable core obtained by the invention is an ideal aluminum wire cable core material, and can meet the requirements of modern rail transit trains on light weight and high conductivity of the cable core.
As a preferred embodiment, the diameter of the cable core is 0.2-0.6 mm. The aluminum wire formed by hot rolling has proper diameter, just meets the requirement of a cable core, and can be directly used as the cable core.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention takes the foamed aluminum rod as the raw material, fully utilizes the mutually communicated pore channel structure of the foamed aluminum rod, firstly, plates copper on the surface of the porous foamed aluminum rod, so that the surface of an inner hole and the outer surface of the foamed aluminum rod are both plated with a layer of copper, and all the inner surface and the outer surface of the foamed aluminum rod are ensured to be uniformly and continuously plated with a layer of copper; then, growing a graphene layer on the surface of the copper-plated foamed aluminum rod by adopting a Plasma Enhanced Chemical Vapor Deposition (PECVD) method, and ensuring that the graphene layer is uniformly and continuously grown on the surfaces of all copper films; finally, the foam aluminum rod is formed in a hot rolling mode, so that the densification from the foam aluminum rod to a wire material is effectively realized, the foam aluminum rod on which the graphene layer grows is mainly subjected to radial shrinkage and extends in the length direction as little as possible, and the graphene is ensured to be continuously distributed in a finished cable core in the length direction; the preparation method is simple, short in process flow, convenient to operate and easy to realize industrialization. The high-conductivity aluminum wire cable core obtained by the invention realizes the continuous distribution of graphene in aluminum wires, forms a continuous high-conductivity network, has high conductivity and high tensile strength, is an ideal aluminum wire cable core material, and can meet the requirements of modern rail transit trains on light weight and high conductivity of the cable core.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to specific embodiments of the present invention, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The invention relates to a preparation method of a high-conductivity aluminum wire cable core, which comprises the following steps:
1) taking a foamed aluminum rod, wherein a plurality of pore passages are formed in the foamed aluminum rod, and are communicated with each other and directly connected with the outside atmosphere for later use;
2) continuously and uniformly plating a layer of copper on the surface of the foamed aluminum rod obtained in the step 1), wherein the thickness of the copper plating layer is 0.1-5 mu m, so as to obtain a copper-plated foamed aluminum rod;
3) growing a graphene layer on the surface of the copper-plated foamed aluminum rod obtained in the step 2) in situ under the action of mixed gas consisting of inert gas, hydrogen and methane by adopting a plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition method at 650 ℃, wherein the volume ratio of the inert gas, the hydrogen and the methane in the mixed gas is 18-20:1-2:2-3, the flow rate of the mixed gas is 200-plus-250 SCCM, the action time of the copper-plated foamed aluminum rod and the mixed gas is 5-120min, and the thickness of the graphene layer is 0.34-1.00nm to obtain the graphene-grown foamed aluminum rod;
4) and 3) carrying out hot rolling and molding on the foamed aluminum rod with the graphene grown in the step 3) to obtain the cable core.
Preferably, in the step 2), the copper plating method is a physical vapor deposition copper plating method, an electroless copper plating method or an electrodeposition copper plating method.
Further, the physical vapor deposition copper plating method comprises the following steps: adopting a tubular cavity, wherein the length of the tubular cavity is 2.0-2.5m, and 3 physical vapor deposition devices are arranged on the periphery of the tubular cavity; the foamed aluminum rod is coiled, a pay-off device and a take-up device are respectively arranged at the pay-off position and the take-up position, the running speed of the foamed aluminum rod in the tubular cavity is 1-20mm/min, and 3 physical vapor deposition devices continuously work at the same time.
Preferably, in the step 1), the porosity of the foamed aluminum rod is 60 to 90%.
Preferably, in the step 4), the total elongation of the foamed aluminum rod with the graphene grown thereon in the length direction is less than or equal to 20%.
Preferably, the temperature of the hot rolling in the step 4) is 400-550 ℃.
Preferably, in the step 3), a tubular cavity is also adopted, the copper-plated foamed aluminum rod is also in a roll-to-roll mode, the length of the tubular cavity is 2.5-5.0m, and the running speed of the copper-plated foamed aluminum rod is 10-500 mm/min.
The high-conductivity aluminum wire cable core is prepared according to the preparation method of any one of the high-conductivity aluminum wire cable cores.
Preferably, the electrical conductivity of the cable core is 65-70% IACS, and the tensile strength of the cable core is 188-210 MPa.
Preferably, the cable core has a diameter of 0.2-0.6 mm.
Example one
The invention relates to a preparation method of a high-conductivity aluminum wire cable core, which comprises the following steps:
1) taking a foamed aluminum rod, wherein a plurality of pore channels are formed in the foamed aluminum rod, the pore channels are mutually communicated and directly connected with the external atmosphere, and the void ratio of the foamed aluminum rod is 60% for later use;
2) continuously and uniformly plating a layer of copper on the surface of the foamed aluminum rod obtained in the step 1) by adopting a solution chemical copper plating method, wherein the thickness of the copper plating layer is 0.1 mu m, so as to obtain a copper-plated foamed aluminum rod;
3) growing a layer of graphene on the surface of the copper-plated foamed aluminum rod obtained in the step 2) in situ under the action of mixed gas consisting of argon, hydrogen and methane by adopting a plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition method at 500 ℃, wherein the volume ratio of the argon, the hydrogen and the methane in the mixed gas is 18:1:2, the flow rate of the mixed gas is 200SCCM, the action time of the copper-plated foamed aluminum rod and the mixed gas is 5min, and the thickness of the graphene layer is 0.34nm, so as to obtain the foamed aluminum rod on which the graphene grows;
4) and 3) forming the foamed aluminum rod with the grown graphene obtained in the step 3) into a cable core with the diameter of 0.2mm by adopting a hot rolling mode.
Example two
The invention relates to a preparation method of a high-conductivity aluminum wire cable core, which comprises the following steps:
1) taking a foamed aluminum rod, wherein a plurality of pore channels are formed in the foamed aluminum rod, the pore channels are mutually communicated and directly connected with the external atmosphere, and the void ratio of the foamed aluminum rod is 90% for later use;
2) continuously and uniformly plating a layer of copper on the surface of the foamed aluminum rod obtained in the step 1) by adopting a solution electrodeposition copper plating method, wherein the thickness of the copper plating layer is 5 mu m, and thus obtaining the copper-plated foamed aluminum rod;
3) growing three layers of graphene on the surface of the copper-plated foamed aluminum rod obtained in the step 2) in situ under the action of mixed gas consisting of helium, hydrogen and methane at 650 ℃ by adopting a plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition method, wherein the volume ratio of inert gas, hydrogen and methane in the mixed gas is 20:2:3, the flow rate of the mixed gas is 250SCCM, the action time of the copper-plated foamed aluminum rod and the mixed gas is 120min, and the thickness of the graphene layer is 1.00nm, so as to obtain the foamed aluminum rod on which the graphene grows;
4) and 3) forming the foamed aluminum rod with the graphene grown in the step 3) into a cable core with the diameter of 0.6mm by adopting a hot rolling mode.
EXAMPLE III
The invention relates to a preparation method of a high-conductivity aluminum wire cable core, which comprises the following steps:
1) taking a foamed aluminum rod, wherein a plurality of pore channels are arranged on the foamed aluminum rod, the pore channels are mutually communicated and directly connected with the external atmosphere, and the void ratio of the foamed aluminum rod is 75% for later use;
2) continuously and uniformly plating a layer of copper on the surface of the foamed aluminum rod obtained in the step 1) by a physical vapor deposition copper plating method, placing the foamed aluminum rod in a tubular cavity, wherein the length of the tubular cavity is 2.0m, and arranging 3 physical vapor deposition devices around the tubular cavity; the foamed aluminum rod adopts a roll-to-roll mode, a pay-off device and a take-up device are respectively arranged at the pay-off position and the take-up position, the running speed of the foamed aluminum rod in the tubular cavity is 1mm/min, 3 physical vapor deposition devices continuously work at the same time, and the thickness of a copper plating layer is 4 microns, so that the copper-plated foamed aluminum rod is obtained;
3) placing the copper-plated foamed aluminum rod obtained in the step 2) in a tubular cavity, wherein the length of the tubular cavity is 2.5m, introducing mixed gas consisting of neon, hydrogen and methane at 600 ℃ by adopting a plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition method, wherein the volume ratio of the neon, the hydrogen and the methane in the mixed gas is 19:1:2, the flow rate of the mixed gas is 220SCCM, the running speed of the copper-plated foamed aluminum rod is 100mm/min, growing double-layer graphene on the surface of the copper-plated foamed aluminum rod in situ, and the thickness of the graphene layer is 0.67nm to obtain the foamed aluminum rod with the graphene;
4) and 3) hot rolling the foamed aluminum rod with the graphene grown in the step 3) at 400 ℃, wherein the foamed aluminum rod mainly shrinks radially in the hot rolling process and is elongated in the length direction as little as possible, the total elongation in the length direction is required to be less than or equal to 20%, and the foamed aluminum rod is formed into a cable core with the diameter of 0.4 mm.
Example four
The invention relates to a preparation method of a high-conductivity aluminum wire cable core, which comprises the following steps:
1) taking a foamed aluminum rod, wherein a plurality of pore passages are formed in the foamed aluminum rod, the pore passages are mutually communicated and directly connected with the external atmosphere, and the void ratio of the foamed aluminum rod is 80% for later use;
2) continuously and uniformly plating a layer of copper on the surface of the foamed aluminum rod obtained in the step 1) by a physical vapor deposition copper plating method, placing the foamed aluminum rod in a tubular cavity, wherein the length of the tubular cavity is 2.5m, and arranging 3 physical vapor deposition devices around the tubular cavity; the foamed aluminum rod adopts a roll-to-roll mode, a pay-off device and a take-up device are respectively arranged at the pay-off position and the take-up position, the running speed of the foamed aluminum rod in the tubular cavity is 20mm/min, 3 physical vapor deposition devices continuously work at the same time, and the thickness of a copper plating layer is 1 mu m, so that the copper-plated foamed aluminum rod is obtained;
3) placing the copper-plated foamed aluminum rod obtained in the step 2) in a tubular cavity, wherein the length of the tubular cavity is 5.0m, introducing mixed gas consisting of argon, hydrogen and methane at 550 ℃ by adopting a roll-to-roll mode and adopting a plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition method, wherein the volume ratio of the argon, the hydrogen and the methane in the mixed gas is 19:1:2, the flow rate of the mixed gas is 220SCCM, the running speed of the copper-plated foamed aluminum rod is 300mm/min, growing double-layer graphene on the surface of the copper-plated foamed aluminum rod in situ, and the thickness of the graphene layer is 0.67nm to obtain the foamed aluminum rod with the graphene;
4) and 3) hot rolling the foamed aluminum rod with the graphene grown in the step 3) at 550 ℃, wherein the foamed aluminum rod is mainly radially contracted and is elongated in the length direction as little as possible, the total elongation in the length direction is required to be less than or equal to 20%, and the foamed aluminum rod is formed into a cable core with the diameter of 0.4 mm.
EXAMPLE five
The invention relates to a preparation method of a high-conductivity aluminum wire cable core, which comprises the following steps:
1) taking a foamed aluminum rod, wherein a plurality of pore channels are arranged on the foamed aluminum rod, the pore channels are mutually communicated and directly connected with the external atmosphere, and the void ratio of the foamed aluminum rod is 70% for later use;
2) continuously and uniformly plating a layer of copper on the surface of the foamed aluminum rod obtained in the step 1) by a physical vapor deposition copper plating method, placing the foamed aluminum rod in a tubular cavity, wherein the length of the tubular cavity is 2.2m, and arranging 3 physical vapor deposition devices around the tubular cavity; the foamed aluminum rod adopts a roll-to-roll mode, a pay-off device and a take-up device are respectively arranged at the pay-off position and the take-up position, the running speed of the foamed aluminum rod in the tubular cavity is 10mm/min, 3 physical vapor deposition devices continuously work at the same time, and the thickness of a copper plating layer is 3 mu m, so that the copper-plated foamed aluminum rod is obtained;
3) placing the copper-plated foamed aluminum rod obtained in the step 2) in a tubular cavity, wherein the length of the tubular cavity is 4.0m, introducing mixed gas consisting of argon, hydrogen and methane at 600 ℃ by adopting a roll-to-roll mode and a plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition method, wherein the volume ratio of the argon, the hydrogen and the methane in the mixed gas is 19:1:2, the flow rate of the mixed gas is 220SCCM, the running speed of the copper-plated foamed aluminum rod is 50mm/min, growing three layers of graphene on the surface of the copper-plated foamed aluminum rod in situ, and the thickness of the graphene layer is 1.0nm to obtain the foamed aluminum rod with the graphene;
4) and 3) hot rolling the foamed aluminum rod with the graphene grown in the step 3) at 500 ℃, wherein the foamed aluminum rod mainly shrinks radially in the hot rolling process and is elongated in the length direction as little as possible, the total elongation in the length direction is required to be less than or equal to 20%, and the foamed aluminum rod is formed into a cable core with the diameter of 0.4 mm.
The five aluminum wire cable cores obtained in the first to fifth embodiments of the present invention, the graphene modified aluminum wire prepared by the powder metallurgy method in the prior art (comparative sample one), the graphene modified aluminum wire prepared by the wire surface deposition method (comparative sample two), and the pure aluminum wire (comparative sample three) are respectively subjected to performance tests, including electrical conductivity and tensile strength, wherein the electrical conductivity is measured according to the electrical property test method of GB/T3048.2-2007 electric wire and cable, the resistivity of the metal material is tested in part 2, the tensile strength is measured according to the tensile test in part 3 of the test method of GB/T4909.3-2009 bare wire, and the test results are listed in table 1.
Table 1 results of performance tests of different cable cores
| Sample name | Density (g/cm) 3 ) | Conductivity (IACS) | Tensile Strength (MPa) |
| Example one | 2.69 | 65％ | 188 |
| Example two | 2.71 | 70％ | 210 |
| EXAMPLE III | 2.70 | 67％ | 201 |
| Example four | 2.69 | 68％ | 190 |
| EXAMPLE five | 2.69 | 66％ | 195 |
| Comparison sample one | 2.69 | 61.5％ | 185 |
| Control 2 | 2.69 | 62％ | 85 |
| Control sample three | 2.69 | 62％ | 165 |
As can be seen from Table 1, the density of the aluminum wire cable core obtained by the method of the present invention is 2.69 to 2.71g/cm 3 However, the density of a cable core of the control was 2.69g/cm 3 The density of the two cable cores of the control sample was 2.69g/cm 3 The density of the three cable cores of the control sample was 2.69g/cm 3 (ii) a Therefore, the aluminum wire cable core obtained by the invention has the same density and light weight as the commercially available aluminum wire cable core. The conductivity of the aluminum wire cable core obtained by the method is 65-70% IACS, however, the conductivity of the first cable core of the comparison sample is 61.5% IACS, the conductivity of the second cable core of the comparison sample is 62% IACS, and the conductivity of the third cable core of the comparison sample is 62% IACS; therefore, the aluminum wire cable core obtained by the invention has high conductivity. The tensile strength of the aluminum wire cable core obtained by the method is 188-210MPa, however, the tensile strength of the first cable core of the comparison sample is 185MPa, the tensile strength of the second cable core of the comparison sample is 85MPa, and the tensile strength of the third cable core of the comparison sample is 165 MPa; therefore, the aluminum wire cable core obtained by the invention has high tensile strength.
Therefore, compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention takes the foamed aluminum rod as the raw material, fully utilizes the mutually communicated pore channel structure of the foamed aluminum rod, firstly, plates copper on the surface of the porous foamed aluminum rod, plates a layer of copper on the surface of an inner hole of the foamed aluminum rod, and ensures that all inner surfaces of the foamed aluminum rod are uniformly and continuously plated with a layer of copper; then, growing a graphene layer on the surface of the copper-plated foamed aluminum rod by adopting a Plasma Enhanced Chemical Vapor Deposition (PECVD) method, and ensuring that the graphene layer is uniformly and continuously grown on the surfaces of all copper films; finally, the foam aluminum rod is formed in a hot rolling mode, so that the densification from the foam aluminum rod to a wire material is effectively realized, the foam aluminum rod on which the graphene layer grows is mainly subjected to radial shrinkage and extends in the length direction as little as possible, and the graphene is ensured to be continuously distributed in a finished cable core in the length direction; the preparation method is simple, short in process flow, convenient to operate and easy to realize industrialization. The high-conductivity aluminum wire cable core obtained by the invention realizes the continuous distribution of graphene in aluminum wires, forms a continuous high-conductivity network, has high conductivity and high tensile strength, is an ideal aluminum wire cable core material, and can meet the requirements of modern rail transit trains on light weight and high conductivity of the cable core.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (6)
1. A preparation method of a high-conductivity aluminum wire cable core is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) taking a foamed aluminum rod, wherein a plurality of pore passages are formed in the foamed aluminum rod, and are communicated with each other and connected with the outside atmosphere for later use;
2) continuously and uniformly plating a layer of copper on the surface of the foamed aluminum rod obtained in the step 1), wherein the copper plating method is a physical vapor deposition copper plating method, and the physical vapor deposition copper plating method comprises the following steps: adopting a tubular cavity, wherein the length of the tubular cavity is 2.0-2.5m, and 3 physical vapor deposition devices are arranged on the periphery of the tubular cavity; the foamed aluminum rod adopts a roll-to-roll mode, a pay-off device and a take-up device are respectively arranged at the pay-off position and the take-up position, the running speed of the foamed aluminum rod in the tubular cavity is 1-20mm/min, 3 physical vapor deposition devices continuously work at the same time, and the thickness of a copper plating layer is 0.1-5.0 mu m, so that the copper-plated foamed aluminum rod is obtained;
3) adopting a tubular cavity, wherein the length of the tubular cavity is 2.5-5.0m, the copper-plated foamed aluminum rod is in a roll-to-roll mode, the running speed of the copper-plated foamed aluminum rod is 10-500mm/min, the copper-plated foamed aluminum rod obtained in the step 2) is subjected to a plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition method at the temperature of 650 ℃, under the action of mixed gas consisting of inert gas, hydrogen and methane, a graphene layer grows in situ on the surface of the copper-plated foamed aluminum rod, the volume ratio of the inert gas, the hydrogen and the methane in the mixed gas is 18-20:1-2:2-3, the flow rate of the mixed gas is 200-doped 250SCCM, the action time of the copper-plated foamed aluminum rod and the mixed gas is 5-120min, and the thickness of the graphene layer is 0.34-1.00nm, so as to obtain the foamed aluminum rod with the graphene;
4) and 3) carrying out hot rolling and molding on the foamed aluminum rod with the graphene grown in the step 3), wherein the total elongation of the foamed aluminum rod with the graphene grown in the length direction is less than or equal to 20%, and thus obtaining the cable core.
2. The method for preparing the high-conductivity aluminum wire cable core according to claim 1, wherein:
in the step 1), the porosity of the foamed aluminum rod is 60-90%.
3. The method for preparing the high-conductivity aluminum wire cable core according to claim 1, wherein:
in the step 4), the temperature of the hot rolling is 400-550 ℃.
4. A high-conductivity aluminum wire cable core, characterized in that the cable core is prepared by the preparation method of the high-conductivity aluminum wire cable core according to any one of claims 1 to 3.
5. The high conductivity aluminum wire cable core of claim 4, wherein:
the electric conductivity of the cable core is 65-70% IACS, and the tensile strength of the cable core is 188-210 MPa.
6. The high conductivity aluminum wire cable core of claim 4, wherein:
the diameter of the cable core is 0.2-0.6 mm.
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| JP2014224290A (en) * | 2013-05-16 | 2014-12-04 | アイシン精機株式会社 | Aluminum alloy wire having excellent bendability and method for producing the same |
| CN108242277A (en) * | 2018-01-10 | 2018-07-03 | 济南大学 | The graphene of a kind of N doping/conductive metal composite cable and preparation method thereof |
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