CN112767322B - Airport cement pavement FOD risk assessment method and device - Google Patents
Airport cement pavement FOD risk assessment method and device Download PDFInfo
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- CN112767322B CN112767322B CN202110007571.8A CN202110007571A CN112767322B CN 112767322 B CN112767322 B CN 112767322B CN 202110007571 A CN202110007571 A CN 202110007571A CN 112767322 B CN112767322 B CN 112767322B
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- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
- G06T7/00—Image analysis
- G06T7/0002—Inspection of images, e.g. flaw detection
- G06T7/0004—Industrial image inspection
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Abstract
The invention discloses an airport cement pavement FOD risk assessment method, which comprises the following steps: extracting a crack projection contour in a visible light image by image segmentation to obtain a crack projection region S 1 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Extracting depth h between crack and road surface and projection profile S of crack along horizontal direction by using horizontal, transverse and longitudinal three-dimensional view in ground penetrating radar image of three-dimensional ground penetrating radar 2 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the According to the detection position of the three-dimensional ground penetrating radar and the position of the image, the projection profile S of the crack along the horizontal direction 2 Projected to the crack projection area S 1 On the image in which it is located; obtaining projection profile S 2 And the crack projection area S 1 Is a minimum spacing d of (2); using depth h and depth threshold h 1 Depth threshold h 2 Is related to the minimum distance d and the minimum distance threshold d of the contour 1 Profile minimum distance threshold d 2 And (5) carrying out FOD risk judgment on the airport cement pavement. Through the scheme, the method and the device have the advantages of being simple in logic, reliable in estimation and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of airport pavement, in particular to an airport cement pavement FOD risk assessment method and device.
Background
FOD (Foreign Object Debris) can damage certain foreign substances, debris or objects of the aircraft (the source of airport FOD generation includes the pavement itself spall material in addition to the foreign substances). The cement concrete pavement is influenced by multiple factors such as construction process level, maintenance level, geological conditions and the like, and when an internal nearly horizontal crack appears on the shallow surface layer, the material above the crack is easily peeled off under the action of external force, so that the FOD is formed. Particularly, for the cracks and the internal near-horizontal cracks (the included angle between the cracks and the plate seams is smaller than 5 degrees) of the plate seams, the load transmission capacity is reduced due to discontinuous pavement structures, and the risk of FOD generation is higher. Currently, no method and apparatus for assessing airport cement pavement FOD risk by detecting pavement internal damage is known in the art. Currently, in the prior art, the airport can only detect the generated FOD through radar waves, vision, laser and the like, or evaluate the risk of generating the FOD through the crack width or the position of the crack in a manual experience mode, so that the operation safety of the airplane is difficult to ensure. At present, the FOD which is generated is easy to detect and known, and the unknown FOD part is generated after the crack of the pavement concrete bears the load of the airplane.
For example, the Chinese patent application number is 201910358360.1, namely the FOD detection method based on convolutional neural network, which is mainly based on a Faster R-CNN algorithm frame to generate target candidate regions for input images, and meanwhile, denseNet is adopted to replace the traditional VGG16-Net for feature extraction, so that network parameters can be greatly reduced, target features can be fully utilized, and the detection of small-size FOD is facilitated. The technique also improves the Loss function of classification in the RPN layer, uses Focal Loss to optimize the weights of positive and negative samples, and focuses the training results on small-sized FOD targets in the samples that are difficult to classify.
For example, the Chinese patent with the patent application number of 201711015466.9 and the name of an airport runway FOD foreign matter detection method consists of three steps of image quality evaluation, image quality correction enhancement and object identification; the technical scheme introduces a runway image quality evaluation and enhancement means, and evaluates the quality of images by analyzing the characteristics of runway images; and enhancing the images with different quality by using corresponding image enhancement technology, and finally carrying out object recognition analysis on the images to realize the detection of the runway FOD foreign matters.
It can be seen that the above techniques detect the FOD that has been generated, and cannot predict the non-generated substances, chips or objects, and the crack spalling material is an important source of the FOD on the cement concrete pavement. The visible light image technology can effectively identify the cracks and plate joints of the pavement, and the high-frequency three-dimensional ground penetrating radar can image the internal structure of the pavement with high definition, and can effectively capture the appearance of the cracks in the shallow surface layer of the pavement. Therefore, there is an urgent need to provide a method and a device for risk assessment of FOD of an airport cement pavement, which are simple in logic and reliable in estimation.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems, the invention aims to provide an airport cement pavement FOD risk assessment method, which adopts the following technical scheme:
a method for evaluating the risk of FOD on cement pavement of airport features that a visible camera is used to shoot the visible image of crack on cement pavement vertically downward; and a three-dimensional ground penetrating radar which adopts a ground penetrating radar image which is detected and collected along the horizontal direction; the method comprises the following steps:
extracting a crack projection contour in a visible light image by image segmentation to obtain a crack projection region S 1 ；
Preprocessing a ground penetrating radar image, and extracting depth h between a crack and the surface of a pavement and projection profile S of the crack along the horizontal direction by utilizing horizontal, transverse and longitudinal three-dimensional views in the ground penetrating radar image of the three-dimensional ground penetrating radar 2 ；
According to the detection position of the three-dimensional ground penetrating radar and the position of the image, the projection profile S of the crack along the horizontal direction 2 Projected to the crack projection area S 1 On the image in which it is located;
obtaining projection profile S 2 And the crack projection area S 1 Is a minimum spacing d of (2);
if the depth h is smaller than or equal toEqual to a preset depth threshold h 1 The area where the cement pavement crack is located is a high FOD risk;
if the depth h is greater than the preset depth threshold h 1 And is smaller than a preset depth threshold h 2 When (1):
(1) If the minimum distance d is smaller than the preset profile minimum distance threshold d 1 The area where the crack of the cement pavement is located is a high FOD risk;
(2) If the minimum distance d is greater than or equal to the preset profile minimum distance threshold d 1 And is smaller than a preset profile minimum distance threshold d 2 The area where the crack of the cement pavement is located is the medium FOD risk;
(3) If the minimum distance d is greater than or equal to the preset profile minimum distance threshold d 2 The area where the crack of the cement pavement is positioned is low in FOD risk;
if the depth h is greater than the preset depth threshold h 2 And when the cement pavement crack is located, the area where the cement pavement crack is located is FOD risk-free.
Further, preprocessing is carried out on the ground penetrating radar image, wherein the preprocessing comprises zero offset correction, zero removal and digital filtering.
Preferably, the depth threshold h 1 The value is 1-1.5 cm; the depth threshold h 2 The value is 3-4 cm.
Preferably, the profile minimum distance threshold d 1 The value is 1-2 cm; the minimum distance threshold d of the profile 2 The value is 4-5 cm.
An apparatus adopting an airport cement pavement FOD risk assessment method comprises a visible light camera which adopts a visible light image of a cement pavement crack vertically and downwards, a three-dimensional ground penetrating radar which adopts a ground penetrating radar image which is used for detecting and collecting the cement pavement along the horizontal direction, and a readable storage medium which is connected with the visible light camera and the three-dimensional ground penetrating radar and is used for acquiring the visible light image and the ground penetrating radar image and carrying out airport cement pavement FOD risk assessment.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) The invention skillfully utilizes the visible light camera to collect the visible light image, which can directly identify the crack and distinguish the crack and the cement concrete area under the projection view; in addition, the invention adopts the three-dimensional ground penetrating radar to detect and collect the ground penetrating radar image of the cement pavement, and the shape and the size of the internal damage can be obtained according to the ground penetrating radar data. When the cement concrete inside of the crack edge is broken, the crack is at risk of peeling, and therefore, by detecting the cement concrete crack and the inside breakage, the risk of FOD generation by the crack edge peeling can be effectively evaluated.
(2) The method utilizes the horizontal, transverse and longitudinal three-dimensional views in the ground penetrating radar image to extract the depth between the crack and the surface of the road surface and the projection profile of the crack along the horizontal direction, and has the advantages that the real influence range of the internal damage on the spatial scale is extracted for the fusion correlation evaluation of the crack in space.
(3) The invention utilizes depth h and projection profile S 2 And the crack projection area S 1 The minimum distance d of the FOD is used for carrying out risk judgment, and the method has the advantages that the association degree of the two data is fully utilized, the risk situation of structural exfoliation is pre-judged from the aspect of road surface structural damage, the unilateral property of single data evaluation is avoided, and the FOD risk evaluation confidence is improved.
In conclusion, the method has the advantages of simple logic, reliable estimation and the like, and has high practical value and popularization value in the technical field of airport pavement.
Drawings
For a clearer description of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it being understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present invention and should not be considered as limiting the scope of protection, and other related drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without the need of inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of image acquisition according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 shows a slit projection area S according to the present invention 1 And an internal damaged area S 2 Is a picture of the image of (a).
In the above figures, the reference numerals correspond to the component names as follows:
1. a visible light camera; 2. three-dimensional ground penetrating radar; 3. a road surface; 4. cracking; 5. the interior is damaged.
Detailed Description
For the purposes, technical solutions and advantages of the present application, the present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, and embodiments of the present invention include, but are not limited to, the following examples. All other embodiments, which can be made by one of ordinary skill in the art without undue burden from the present disclosure, are within the scope of the present application based on the embodiments herein.
Examples
As shown in fig. 1 to 2, the present embodiment provides a method and apparatus for risk assessment of FOD of cement pavement in an airport, which includes a visible light camera for taking a visible light image of a crack of cement pavement vertically downward, a three-dimensional ground penetrating radar for detecting and collecting a ground penetrating radar image of cement pavement traveling in a horizontal direction, and a readable storage medium connected to the visible light camera and the three-dimensional ground penetrating radar for acquiring the visible light image and the ground penetrating radar image and performing risk assessment of FOD of cement pavement in the airport.
Specifically, the airport cement pavement FOD risk assessment method of the present embodiment includes the steps of:
firstly, extracting a crack projection contour in a visible light image by image segmentation to obtain a crack projection region S 1 ；
Secondly, preprocessing (zero offset correction, zero removal and digital filtering, conventional technology) the ground penetrating radar image, and extracting depth h between the crack and the pavement surface and projection profile S of the crack along the horizontal direction by utilizing horizontal, transverse and longitudinal three-dimensional views in the ground penetrating radar image of the three-dimensional ground penetrating radar 2 (horizontal projection of internal damage);
thirdly, according to the detection position of the three-dimensional ground penetrating radar and the position of the image, the projection profile S of the crack along the horizontal direction 2 Projected to the crack projection area S 1 On the image in which it is located;
fourth, calculate the projection profile S 2 And the crack projection area S 1 Is a minimum spacing d of (2);
(I) If the depth h is smaller than or equal to a preset depth threshold value of 1cm, the area where the crack of the cement pavement is positioned is at high FOD risk;
if the depth h is greater than the preset depth threshold value by 1cm and less than the preset depth threshold value by 3.5 cm:
(1) If the minimum distance d is smaller than a preset profile minimum distance threshold value of 1.5cm, the area where the crack of the cement pavement is positioned is at high FOD risk;
(2) If the minimum distance d is larger than or equal to a preset minimum distance threshold value of the profile and smaller than 4.5cm, the area where the crack of the cement pavement is located is a medium FOD risk;
(3) If the minimum distance d is larger than or equal to a preset profile minimum distance threshold value of 4.5cm, the area where the crack of the cement pavement is positioned is at low FOD risk;
if the depth h is larger than the preset depth threshold value by 3.5cm, the area where the crack of the cement pavement is positioned is FOD risk-free.
The above embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, but all changes made by adopting the design principle of the present invention and performing non-creative work on the basis thereof shall fall within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. The airport cement pavement FOD risk assessment method is characterized in that a visible light camera which vertically shoots a visible light image of a cement pavement crack downwards is adopted; and a three-dimensional ground penetrating radar which adopts a ground penetrating radar image which is detected and collected along the horizontal direction; the method comprises the following steps:
extracting a crack projection contour in a visible light image by image segmentation to obtain a crack projection region S 1 ；
Preprocessing a ground penetrating radar image, and extracting cracks and tracks by utilizing horizontal, transverse and longitudinal three-dimensional views in the ground penetrating radar image of the three-dimensional ground penetrating radarDepth h between the face surfaces and projected profile S of the crack in the horizontal direction 2 ；
According to the detection position of the three-dimensional ground penetrating radar and the position of the image, the projection profile S of the crack along the horizontal direction 2 Projected to the crack projection area S 1 On the image in which it is located;
obtaining projection profile S 2 And the crack projection area S 1 Is a minimum spacing d of (2);
if the depth h is less than or equal to the preset depth threshold h 1 The area where the cement pavement crack is located is a high FOD risk;
if the depth h is greater than the preset depth threshold h 1 And is smaller than a preset depth threshold h 2 When (1):
(1) If the minimum distance d is smaller than the preset profile minimum distance threshold d 1 The area where the crack of the cement pavement is located is a high FOD risk;
(2) If the minimum distance d is greater than or equal to the preset profile minimum distance threshold d 1 And is smaller than a preset profile minimum distance threshold d 2 The area where the crack of the cement pavement is located is the medium FOD risk;
(3) If the minimum distance d is greater than or equal to the preset profile minimum distance threshold d 2 The area where the crack of the cement pavement is positioned is low in FOD risk;
if the depth h is greater than the preset depth threshold h 2 And when the cement pavement crack is located, the area where the cement pavement crack is located is FOD risk-free.
2. The airport cement pavement FOD risk assessment method of claim 1, wherein preprocessing the ground penetrating radar image comprises zero offset correction, zero removal and digital filtering.
3. The airport cement pavement FOD risk assessment method of claim 1, wherein the depth threshold h 1 The value is 1-1.5 cm; the depth threshold h 2 The value is 3-4 cm.
4. The method for risk assessment of FOD on an airport cement pavement according to claim 1, wherein said profile minimum distance threshold d 1 The value is 1-2 cm; the minimum distance threshold d of the profile 2 The value is 4-5 cm.
5. An apparatus for performing the risk assessment of the FOD of the cement pavement of the airport by adopting the method of any one of claims 1 to 4, which is characterized by comprising a visible light camera for taking the visible light image of the crack of the cement pavement vertically downwards, a three-dimensional ground penetrating radar for detecting and collecting the ground penetrating radar image of the cement pavement in the horizontal direction, and a readable storage medium connected with the visible light camera and the three-dimensional ground penetrating radar for obtaining the visible light image and the ground penetrating radar image and performing the risk assessment of the FOD of the cement pavement of the airport.
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