CN112765286A - Query method and device based on relational database - Google Patents
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- G06F16/00—Information retrieval; Database structures therefor; File system structures therefor
- G06F16/20—Information retrieval; Database structures therefor; File system structures therefor of structured data, e.g. relational data
- G06F16/28—Databases characterised by their database models, e.g. relational or object models
- G06F16/284—Relational databases
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
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- G06F16/00—Information retrieval; Database structures therefor; File system structures therefor
- G06F16/20—Information retrieval; Database structures therefor; File system structures therefor of structured data, e.g. relational data
- G06F16/24—Querying
- G06F16/245—Query processing
- G06F16/2453—Query optimisation
- G06F16/24534—Query rewriting; Transformation
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F16/00—Information retrieval; Database structures therefor; File system structures therefor
- G06F16/20—Information retrieval; Database structures therefor; File system structures therefor of structured data, e.g. relational data
- G06F16/24—Querying
- G06F16/245—Query processing
- G06F16/2455—Query execution
Abstract
The application provides a query method based on a relational database, which comprises the following steps: acquiring an input query instruction; determining a plurality of sub-query filtering conditions in an input query instruction; determining a target sub-query filtering condition according to the plurality of sub-query filtering conditions; and performing data query on the relational database according to the target sub-query filtering condition to obtain a query result. Therefore, the method provided by the application can be used for generating more strict target sub-query filtering conditions after combining the plurality of sub-query filtering conditions in the query stage of the relational database to replace the original plurality of sub-query filtering conditions so as to obtain more strict filtering conditions, so that the sub-query sentences generate a smaller number of result sets, the query times are reduced, the query execution efficiency is improved, and therefore the method provided by the application can greatly reduce the query times, improve the query efficiency and further improve the user experience.
Description
Technical Field
The present application relates to the field of relational database management, and in particular, to a relational database-based query method and apparatus.
Background
In the query process of the existing relational database, query results corresponding to the sub-query filtering conditions are queried according to the sub-query filtering conditions in the query instruction, the sub-query filtering conditions are reordered according to the query results corresponding to the sub-query filtering conditions, and data query is performed according to the reordered sub-query filtering conditions. Therefore, the relational database needs to be queried for many times in the query process, so that the query efficiency is low, and the user experience is poor.
Disclosure of Invention
The application provides a relational database-based query method, so that query times can be greatly reduced in the query process of a relational database, query efficiency is improved, and user experience is improved.
The application provides a query method based on a relational database, which comprises the following steps:
acquiring an input query instruction;
determining a number of sub-query filter conditions in the input query instruction;
determining a target sub-query filtering condition according to the plurality of sub-query filtering conditions;
and performing data query on the relational database according to all the subquery filtering conditions of the target subquery filtering conditions to obtain a query result.
The present application further provides a relational database-based query apparatus, the apparatus comprising:
the acquisition unit is used for acquiring an input query instruction;
the first determination unit is used for determining a plurality of sub-query filtering conditions in the input query instruction;
the second determining unit is used for determining a target sub-query filtering condition according to the plurality of sub-query filtering conditions;
and the third determining unit is used for performing data query on the relational database according to the target sub-query filtering condition to obtain a query result.
The application also provides a storage medium, which comprises stored instructions, wherein when the instructions are executed, the device where the storage medium is located is controlled to execute the query method based on the relational database
The present application also provides an electronic device comprising a memory, and one or more instructions, wherein the one or more instructions are stored in the memory and configured to be executed by the one or more processors to perform the relational database based query method as described in any one of the above.
According to the technical scheme, the application provides a query method based on a relational database, and the method comprises the following steps: acquiring an input query instruction; determining a number of sub-query filter conditions in the input query instruction; determining a target sub-query filtering condition according to the plurality of sub-query filtering conditions; and performing data query on the relational database according to the target sub-query filtering condition to obtain a query result. Thus, the method provided by the present application can determine the target sub-query filtering condition according to the plurality of sub-query filtering conditions in the input query instruction at the query stage of the relational database, that is, after merging the plurality of sub-query filtering conditions, a stricter target sub-query filtering condition is generated to replace the original plurality of sub-query filtering conditions, so that the query optimizer can generate a more optimized query plan, that is, the query frequency can be reduced, and the query of the relational database can more efficiently process intersection operation, that is, the method provided by the present application considers merging the filtering conditions in each sub-query to rewrite the sub-query, if the sub-query filtering conditions in each sub-query statement can be merged, and pushes down the merged target sub-query filtering condition to each sub-query statement, therefore, stricter filtering conditions can be obtained, a smaller number of result sets are generated by the sub-query sentences, the number of times of query is reduced, and the execution efficiency of query is improved.
Further effects of the above-mentioned unconventional preferred modes will be described below in conjunction with specific embodiments.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments or prior art solutions of the present application, the drawings needed for describing the embodiments or prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments described in the present application, and that other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without inventive exercise.
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a relational database-based query method according to the present application;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an inquiry apparatus based on a relational database according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more apparent, the technical solutions of the present application will be described in detail and completely with reference to the following embodiments and accompanying drawings. It should be apparent that the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present application, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.
The inventor finds that in the query process of the existing relational database, query results corresponding to the sub-query filtering conditions according to the sub-query filtering conditions in the query instruction, reorder the sub-query filtering conditions according to the query results corresponding to the sub-query filtering conditions, and perform data query according to the reordered sub-query filtering conditions; for example, suppose that an equivalent SQL is obtained, such as (subquery1x) intersec (subquery 2x) intersec (subqyery3 x.).. intec (subquerynx), so that the output result set of subqueryAx is less than or equal to subqueryBx, if A > B, then the sub-query with the smallest output result set needs to be preferentially executed by using an iterator model in the query execution phase; by way of further example, for SQL as follows: (Select a1, a2 from X where x.a1 ═ 1) interstertec (Select a1, a2 from Y where y.a2 ═ 2), existing query plan rewrite rules, are based on statistical information to calculate the output result sets of two sub-queries (Select a1, a2 from X where x.a1 ═ 1) and (Select a1, a2 from Y where y.a2 ═ 2), then, if the output result set of the former is less than the latter, rewriting is performed to obtain the following equivalent SQL: (Select a1, a2 from Y where y.a2 ═ 2) interstertec (Select a1, a2 from X where x.a1 ═ 1), in this way, during execution, the sub-query plan with the small number of the result set recording lines is executed first, and then intersection is performed with the subsequent query plan, obviously, query operation needs to be repeatedly performed for many times in the query process. Therefore, the relational database needs to be queried for many times in the query process, so that the query efficiency is low, and the user experience is poor.
Therefore, the present application provides a query method based on a relational database, the method comprising: acquiring an input query instruction; determining a number of sub-query filter conditions in the input query instruction; determining a target sub-query filtering condition according to the plurality of sub-query filtering conditions; and performing data query on the relational database according to the target sub-query filtering condition to obtain a query result. Thus, the method provided by the present application can determine the target sub-query filtering condition according to the plurality of sub-query filtering conditions in the input query instruction at the query stage of the relational database, that is, after merging the plurality of sub-query filtering conditions, a stricter target sub-query filtering condition is generated to replace the original plurality of sub-query filtering conditions, so that the query optimizer can generate a more optimized query plan, that is, the query frequency can be reduced, and the query of the relational database can more efficiently process intersection operation, that is, the method provided by the present application considers merging the filtering conditions in each sub-query to rewrite the sub-query, if the sub-query filtering conditions in each sub-query statement can be merged, and pushes down the merged target sub-query filtering condition to each sub-query statement, therefore, stricter filtering conditions can be obtained, a smaller number of result sets are generated by the sub-query sentences, the number of times of query is reduced, and the execution efficiency of query is improved.
Various non-limiting embodiments of the present application are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Referring to fig. 1, a relational database-based query method in an embodiment of the present application is shown, where the method may be fully applied to a terminal device (e.g., a mobile device such as a mobile phone, a notebook, an electronic communication watch, and the like), or may be fully applied to a server, or may be applied to a terminal device in partial steps, and be applied to a server in partial steps. Next, a relational database-based query method in an embodiment of the present application will be described, and specifically, the method may include the following steps, for example:
s101: and acquiring an input query instruction.
In this embodiment, the query input instruction may be an instruction input by a user to query data in a relational database. It should be noted that, in an implementation manner, the input query instruction may be an SQL query instruction.
It should be noted that, in an implementation manner of this embodiment, the input query instruction may include a plurality of sub-query statements, where each sub-query statement may include at least one sub-query filtering condition, and the sub-query filtering condition may be understood as a condition for filtering the filtering data. For example, assume that the input query instruction is "(Select a1, a2 from X where x.a1 ═ 1)" interstersec (Select a1, a2 from Y where y.a2 ═ 2) ", and the input query instruction includes two sub query statements, respectively" (Select a1, a2 from X where x.a1 ═ 1) "and" (Select a1, a2 from Y where y.a2 ═ 2) ", where the sub query filter condition in" (Select a1, a2 from X where x.a1 ═ 1) "is" a1 ═ 1 "," (Select a1, a 2Y where y.a2 ═ 2) "is" a2 ═ 2 ".
S102: a number of sub-query filter conditions in the input query instruction are determined.
After an input query is obtained, all sub-query filter conditions in the input query may be determined. As an example, the manner of determining the number of sub-query filter conditions in the input query instruction may be: firstly, analyzing the input query instruction to obtain a syntax analysis tree, for example, assuming that the input query instruction is an SQL query instruction, the input query instruction can be converted into an internal data structure, generally called a syntax analysis tree, in one implementation mode, after the input query instruction is converted into the syntax analysis tree, the correctness of syntax in the syntax analysis tree can be verified, and if the syntax in the syntax analysis tree is correct, the syntax analysis tree capable of expressing SQL can be considered to be obtained; then, all sub-query filter conditions in the syntax parse tree can be determined, that is, all sub-query filter conditions in the syntax parse tree are used as a plurality of sub-query filter conditions in the input query instruction.
S103: and determining a target sub-query filtering condition according to the plurality of sub-query filtering conditions.
After determining all the sub-query filtering conditions in the input query instruction, a target sub-query filtering condition may be determined according to the plurality of sub-query filtering conditions, and specifically, all the sub-query filtering conditions in the input query instruction may be optimized based on rules and based on physical costs to generate an optimal target sub-query filtering condition, where in an implementation manner, the target sub-query filtering condition may include all the sub-query filtering conditions in the input query instruction, and all the sub-query filtering conditions are in an and relationship.
As an example, the determining the target sub-query filter condition according to the plurality of sub-query filter conditions may be: and performing conjunction processing on the plurality of sub-query filtering conditions to obtain the target sub-query filtering condition. Specifically, the and operation processing is performed on the plurality of sub-query filtering conditions to obtain target sub-query filtering conditions which include the plurality of sub-query filtering conditions and are all in an and relationship, for example, a conjunction mode (and) is adopted to generate one target sub-query filtering condition. For example, assume that the input query command is SQL (Select a1, a2 from X where X. a1 ═ 1) intersec (Select a1, a2 from Y where Y. a2 ═ 2), the all query filtering conditions are determined to be "a 1 ═ 1" and "a 2 ═ 2", and the all query filtering conditions are and-operated to obtain the target sub query filtering condition "a 1 ═ 1and a2 ═ 2".
S104: and performing data query on the relational database according to the target sub-query filtering condition to obtain a query result.
After the target sub-query filter condition is determined, the data query can be performed on the relational database by using the target sub-query filter condition to obtain a query result.
As an example, the input query instruction may be adjusted according to the target sub-query filtering condition to obtain an adjusted input query instruction. In an implementation manner, the sub-query filtering conditions of each sub-query statement in the input query instruction may be adjusted according to the target sub-query filtering condition (for example, the sub-query filtering conditions of each sub-query statement in the input query instruction may be arbitrarily replaced by the target sub-query filtering conditions), so as to obtain the adjusted input query instruction. Assuming that the target sub-query filtering condition is "a 1 ═ 1and a2 ═ 2", the input query instruction is SQL (Select a1, a2 from X where x.a1 ═ 1) interstersecs (Select a1, a2 from Y where y.a2 ═ 2), the sub-query filtering condition of each sub-query sentence in the input query instruction is adjusted according to the target sub-query filtering condition "a 1 ═ 1and a2 ═ 2", resulting in adjusted input query instructions "(Select a1, a2 from X where x.a1 ═ 1and x.a2 ═ 2) interstervals (Select a1, a2 from Y where y.a2 ═ 2and y.a1 ═ 1)"; specifically, assume that there are two tables X and Y, each having two attributes a 1and a2, and the original SQL (Select a1, a2 from X where X is 1) is selected a1, a2 from Y where Y is 2, and is obtained from the database as a tuple with attribute a1 of 1 in X, and is merged with a tuple with attribute a2 of 2 in Y, so that the final result must satisfy attribute a1 of 1and a2 of 2, and thus, this SQL is actually equivalent to (Select a1, a2 from X where X is X where x.a1 of 1and x.a2 of 2) erss (Select a1, a2 from Y where y.a2 of 2and y.a1 of 1) and a 2)
Then, the adjusted input query instruction can be used for carrying out data query on the relational database to obtain a query result corresponding to the adjusted input query instruction. For example, the adjusted input query instruction may be executed in an iterator manner, data query is performed on the relational database to obtain a query result, and the query result is returned to the terminal, so that the query result is displayed to the user.
According to the technical scheme, the application provides a query method based on a relational database, and the method comprises the following steps: acquiring an input query instruction; determining a number of sub-query filter conditions in the input query instruction; determining a target sub-query filtering condition according to the plurality of sub-query filtering conditions; and performing data query on the relational database according to the target sub-query filtering condition to obtain a query result. Thus, the method provided by the present application can determine the target sub-query filtering condition according to the plurality of sub-query filtering conditions in the input query instruction at the query stage of the relational database, that is, after merging the plurality of sub-query filtering conditions, a stricter target sub-query filtering condition is generated to replace the original plurality of sub-query filtering conditions, so that the query optimizer can generate a more optimized query plan, that is, the query frequency can be reduced, and the query of the relational database can more efficiently process intersection operation, that is, the method provided by the present application considers merging the filtering conditions in each sub-query to rewrite the sub-query, if the sub-query filtering conditions in each sub-query statement can be merged, and pushes down the merged target sub-query filtering condition to each sub-query statement, therefore, stricter filtering conditions can be obtained, a smaller number of result sets are generated by the sub-query sentences, the number of times of query is reduced, and the execution efficiency of query is improved.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a device for querying a relational database according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The apparatus of this embodiment is a physical apparatus for executing the method of the above embodiment. The technical solution is essentially the same as that in the above embodiment, and the corresponding description in the above embodiment is also applicable to this embodiment. The device in this embodiment includes:
an acquisition unit 201, configured to acquire an input query instruction;
a first determining unit 202, configured to determine a number of sub-query filter conditions in the input query instruction;
a second determining unit 203, configured to determine a target sub-query filter condition according to the plurality of sub-query filter conditions;
and the third determining unit 204 is configured to perform data query on the relational database according to the target sub-query filtering condition to obtain a query result.
Optionally, the first determining unit 202 is specifically configured to:
analyzing the input query instruction to obtain a syntax analysis tree;
determining all sub-query filter conditions in the parse tree.
Optionally, the second determining unit 203 is specifically configured to:
and performing conjunction processing on the plurality of sub-query filtering conditions to obtain the target sub-query filtering condition.
Optionally, the second determining unit 203 is specifically configured to:
and operating the sub-query filtering conditions to obtain target sub-query filtering conditions which comprise the sub-query filtering conditions and are in an AND relationship.
Optionally, the third determining unit 204 is specifically configured to:
adjusting the input query instruction according to the target sub-query filtering condition to obtain an adjusted input query instruction;
and utilizing the adjusted input query instruction to perform data query on a relational database to obtain a query result corresponding to the adjusted input query instruction.
Optionally, the third determining unit 204 is specifically configured to:
and adjusting the sub-query filtering conditions of each sub-query statement in the input query instruction according to the target sub-query filtering conditions to obtain the adjusted input query instruction.
Optionally, the input query instruction is an SQL query instruction.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present application. On the hardware level, the electronic device comprises a processor and optionally an internal bus, a network interface and a memory. The Memory may include a Memory, such as a Random-Access Memory (RAM), and may further include a non-volatile Memory, such as at least 1 disk Memory. Of course, the electronic device may also include hardware required for other services.
The processor, the network interface, and the memory may be connected to each other via an internal bus, which may be an ISA (Industry Standard Architecture) bus, a PCI (Peripheral Component Interconnect) bus, an EISA (Extended Industry Standard Architecture) bus, or the like. The bus may be divided into an address bus, a data bus, a control bus, etc. For ease of illustration, only one double-headed arrow is shown in FIG. 3, but this does not indicate only one bus or one type of bus.
And the memory is used for storing the execution instruction. In particular, a computer program that can be executed by executing instructions. The memory may include both memory and non-volatile storage and provides execution instructions and data to the processor.
In a possible implementation manner, the processor reads the corresponding execution instruction from the nonvolatile memory to the memory and then runs the corresponding execution instruction, and may also obtain the corresponding execution instruction from other devices, so as to form the query method device based on the relational database on the logic level. The processor executes the execution instructions stored in the memory, so that the relational database-based query method provided by any embodiment of the application is realized through the executed execution instructions.
The method executed by the device for querying based on the relational database according to the embodiment shown in fig. 1 of the present application may be applied to a processor, or may be implemented by a processor. The processor may be an integrated circuit chip having signal processing capabilities. In implementation, the steps of the above method may be performed by integrated logic circuits of hardware in a processor or instructions in the form of software. The Processor may be a general-purpose Processor, including a Central Processing Unit (CPU), a Network Processor (NP), and the like; but also Digital Signal Processors (DSPs), Application Specific Integrated Circuits (ASICs), Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs) or other Programmable logic devices, discrete Gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components. The various methods, steps, and logic blocks disclosed in the embodiments of the present application may be implemented or performed. A general purpose processor may be a microprocessor or the processor may be any conventional processor or the like.
The steps of the method disclosed in connection with the embodiments of the present application may be directly implemented by a hardware decoding processor, or implemented by a combination of hardware and software modules in the decoding processor. The software module may be located in ram, flash memory, rom, prom, or eprom, registers, etc. storage media as is well known in the art. The storage medium is located in a memory, and a processor reads information in the memory and completes the steps of the method in combination with hardware of the processor.
The embodiment of the present application further provides a readable storage medium, where the readable storage medium stores an execution instruction, and when the stored execution instruction is executed by a processor of an electronic device, the electronic device can execute the method for querying based on a relational database provided in any embodiment of the present application, and is specifically configured to execute the method for querying based on a relational database.
The electronic device described in the foregoing embodiments may be a computer.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that embodiments of the present application may be provided as a method or computer program product. Accordingly, the present application may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects.
The embodiments in the present application are described in a progressive manner, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments can be referred to each other, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from the other embodiments. In particular, as for the apparatus embodiment, since it is substantially similar to the method embodiment, the description is relatively simple, and for the relevant points, reference may be made to the partial description of the method embodiment.
It should also be noted that the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other like elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
The above description is only an example of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application. Various modifications and changes may occur to those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application should be included in the scope of the claims of the present application.
Claims (10)
1. A relational database-based query method, the method comprising:
acquiring an input query instruction;
determining a number of sub-query filter conditions in the input query instruction;
determining a target sub-query filtering condition according to the plurality of sub-query filtering conditions;
and performing data query on the relational database according to all the subquery filtering conditions of the target subquery filtering conditions to obtain a query result.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein determining a number of sub-query filter conditions in the input query instruction comprises:
analyzing the input query instruction to obtain a syntax analysis tree;
determining all sub-query filter conditions in the parse tree.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein determining a target sub-query filter term from the plurality of sub-query filter terms comprises:
and performing conjunction processing on the plurality of sub-query filtering conditions to obtain the target sub-query filtering condition.
4. The method according to claim 3, wherein the performing a conjunction process on the plurality of sub-query filter criteria to obtain the target sub-query filter criteria comprises:
and operating the sub-query filtering conditions to obtain target sub-query filtering conditions which comprise the sub-query filtering conditions and are in an AND relationship.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein performing a data query on a relational database according to the target sub-query filtering condition to obtain a query result comprises:
adjusting the input query instruction according to the target sub-query filtering condition to obtain an adjusted input query instruction;
and utilizing the adjusted input query instruction to perform data query on a relational database to obtain a query result corresponding to the adjusted input query instruction.
6. The method of claim 5, wherein the adjusting the input query according to the target sub-query filter criteria to obtain an adjusted input query comprises:
and adjusting the sub-query filtering conditions of each sub-query statement in the input query instruction according to the target sub-query filtering conditions to obtain the adjusted input query instruction.
7. The method of any of claims 1-5, wherein the input query is an SQL query.
8. An apparatus for querying based on a relational database, the apparatus comprising:
the acquisition unit is used for acquiring an input query instruction;
the first determination unit is used for determining a plurality of sub-query filtering conditions in the input query instruction;
the second determining unit is used for determining a target sub-query filtering condition according to the plurality of sub-query filtering conditions;
and the third determining unit is used for performing data query on the relational database according to the target sub-query filtering condition to obtain a query result.
9. A storage medium comprising stored instructions, wherein the instructions, when executed, control a device on which the storage medium is located to execute the relational database-based query method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.
10. An electronic device comprising a memory, and one or more instructions stored in the memory and configured to be executed by the one or more processors to perform the relational database based query method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.
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| CN114490724A (en) * | 2022-04-15 | 2022-05-13 | 北京奥星贝斯科技有限公司 | Method and device for processing database query statement |
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| CN114490724A (en) * | 2022-04-15 | 2022-05-13 | 北京奥星贝斯科技有限公司 | Method and device for processing database query statement |
| CN114490724B (en) * | 2022-04-15 | 2022-06-14 | 北京奥星贝斯科技有限公司 | Method and device for processing database query statement |
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