CN112763837A - Double-end traveling wave ranging method for clock self-adaptive compensation - Google Patents
Double-end traveling wave ranging method for clock self-adaptive compensation Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/08—Locating faults in cables, transmission lines, or networks
- G01R31/081—Locating faults in cables, transmission lines, or networks according to type of conductors
- G01R31/085—Locating faults in cables, transmission lines, or networks according to type of conductors in power transmission or distribution lines, e.g. overhead
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/08—Locating faults in cables, transmission lines, or networks
- G01R31/088—Aspects of digital computing
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
- Y04S10/00—Systems supporting electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
- Y04S10/50—Systems or methods supporting the power network operation or management, involving a certain degree of interaction with the load-side end user applications
- Y04S10/52—Outage or fault management, e.g. fault detection or location
Abstract
The invention discloses a double-end traveling wave distance measurement method for clock self-adaptive compensation, which is realized by adopting integrated devices, wherein the integrated devices are respectively arranged at two sides of a pilot optical fiber channel, and the data interacted between the integrated devices at the two sides comprises the following steps: absolute time of an external clock, synchronous state of the external clock, time difference between the absolute time and sampling time, and time difference between arrival time of the initial traveling wave and the sampling time; the method comprises the following steps: calculating the time delay of the longitudinal optical fiber channels of the integrated devices on the two sides respectively to complete the ping-pong time synchronization of differential protection of the longitudinal optical fiber channels; when the ping-pong time ticks of the longitudinal optical fiber channel differential protection are in a synchronous state and the external clocks of the integrated devices on the two sides are also in the synchronous state, acquiring the sampling time deviation of the ping-pong time ticks of the integrated devices on the two sides during normal operation; based on the sampling time deviation of ping-pong time synchronization in normal operation, when the external synchronous clock is abnormal, the integrated device automatically compensates the sampling time deviation and calculates the traveling wave double-end ranging.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of relay protection of power systems, and particularly relates to a double-end clock self-adaptive compensation traveling wave distance measurement method of an integrated device integrating traveling wave distance measurement, in particular to a double-end traveling wave distance measurement method of clock self-adaptive compensation.
Background
The accurate distance measurement of the transmission line fault has very important significance for an operation department to quickly find a fault point, shorten the line power failure time and improve the system power supply reliability. Compared with impedance ranging, the traveling wave ranging has the characteristic of being not influenced by factors such as a system operation mode, system oscillation, line distribution capacitance, current transformer saturation, transition resistance and the like. The existing travelling wave distance measurement method mainly comprises a single-end distance measurement method and a double-end distance measurement method. The single-ended traveling wave distance measurement method does not depend on an external clock, and has the defects that dead zones exist in single-ended traveling wave distance measurement, attenuation exists in traveling wave reflection, and single-ended distance measurement cannot be carried out under the conditions of a plurality of line structures and faults, so that the single-ended traveling wave distance measurement precision is poor or the condition of failure possibly exists. The double-end traveling wave distance measurement can calculate the distance from a fault point to two ends of a line only by using the absolute time when the initial traveling wave of current or voltage generated by the line fault reaches the two ends of the line, and the accuracy and the reliability of the double-end traveling wave distance measurement are greatly improved compared with the accuracy and the reliability of the single-end traveling wave distance measurement.
The existing traveling wave distance measuring device is configured according to stations, and data processing between the stations of different manufacturers cannot be compatible, so that the double-end traveling wave distance measuring method cannot be well applied to the traveling wave distance measuring device. The integrated device (hereinafter referred to as integrated device) with the traveling wave ranging function provided by the invention can interact traveling wave data information at two sides by utilizing a pilot optical fiber channel protected by a line, thereby realizing the double-end ranging function.
Because double-end ranging captures the absolute time when the fault traveling wave in the line reaches the two ends of the line, the main factor influencing the double-end ranging function is the accuracy of the clock. Under the condition that any one of the two sides of the protection device is abnormal or lost, the double-end traveling wave distance measurement error is large or even fails, the fault position of the power transmission line cannot be quickly and accurately positioned, and the power supply recovery time is prolonged.
Chinese patent publication No. CN 108562829 a discloses a two-side clock synchronization monitoring method for a line protection and two-side traveling wave ranging integrated device, which can realize sampling time synchronization of two-side traveling wave ranging, and monitor deviation of two-side clocks in real time, thereby ensuring consistency of the two-side clocks.
Chinese patent publication No. CN 109696603 a discloses a method for real-time monitoring of two-side external clocks for two-end traveling wave ranging, in which a two-end traveling wave ranging function and a line protection function are integrated inside a line protection and traveling wave ranging integrated device, and the line protection function calculates channel delay in real time and completes synchronization of the two-side internal clocks; the double-end traveling wave ranging function shares the internal clock and the channel delay information of the line protection function, realizes the synchronization of the external clocks at two sides of the double-end traveling wave ranging, and improves the reliability of the double-end traveling wave ranging.
The double-end traveling wave distance measurement method used by the existing traveling wave distance measurement device and the integrated device integrating the traveling wave function both depends on the clock precision of the devices at both sides, and the time setting precision and the working state of the device clock directly influence the performance and the precision of double-end distance measurement. The sampling time synchronization of two sides is realized by simply utilizing differential ping-pong time synchronization, the sampling time synchronization of two sides cannot achieve 1 us-level synchronization, the sampling time of two sides has synchronization error and is easily influenced by the difference of devices on two sides and communication messages, so the double-end ranging function cannot be realized by utilizing a synchronous clock with differential protection. In the prior art, under the condition that the synchronous clocks on the two sides are abnormal or lost, the error of the double-end ranging method based on the absolute time on the two sides is large or even fails, and the prior art does not have a corresponding solution.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a double-end traveling wave ranging method with clock self-adaptive compensation aiming at the problems in the prior art. The method combines the longitudinal differential protection ping-pong time synchronization principle to automatically compensate the absolute time difference of the sampling time of the devices at both sides of the line, and when the synchronous clocks at one side or both sides of the line protection of the integrated traveling wave ranging are abnormal or lost, the double-end traveling wave ranging function can still work correctly without depending on the synchronous clocks at both sides.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
a double-end traveling wave distance measurement method of clock self-adaptive compensation is realized by adopting an integrated device integrating traveling wave distance measurement functions in a line protection device, the integrated device is respectively arranged at two sides of a pilot optical fiber channel, and data interacted between the integrated devices at the two sides comprises the following steps: absolute time of an external clock, synchronous state of the external clock, time difference between the absolute time and sampling time, and time difference between arrival time of the initial traveling wave and the sampling time; the method comprises the following steps:
calculating the time delay of the longitudinal optical fiber channels of the integrated devices on the two sides respectively to complete the ping-pong time synchronization of differential protection of the longitudinal optical fiber channels;
when the ping-pong time ticks of the longitudinal optical fiber channel differential protection are in a synchronous state and the external clocks of the integrated devices on the two sides are also in the synchronous state, acquiring the sampling time deviation of the ping-pong time ticks of the integrated devices on the two sides during normal operation;
based on the sampling time deviation of ping-pong time synchronization in normal operation, when the external synchronous clock is abnormal, the integrated device automatically compensates the sampling time deviation and calculates the traveling wave double-end ranging.
Specifically, the external synchronous clock is in an abnormal state, which means that one or both of the two side integrated devices are lost.
Preferably, the integrated devices on the two sides are divided into a master and a slave, and after the master and the slave respectively calculate the pilot fiber channel delay, the slave adjusts the sampling time until the sampling time is synchronous with the master, so as to complete the sampling time synchronization of the differential protection on the two sides.
Preferably, the master and the slave respectively calculate time differences between respective pulse per second and sampling time, and perform real-time interaction on the time differences, and the master and the slave respectively determine the external clock synchronization states at both sides according to the time differences.
Preferably, after the host and the slave respectively determine the external clock synchronization states of the two sides, when the external clock synchronization states of the integrated devices on the two sides are in a normal synchronization state, the integrated devices on the two sides are calculated and protected at the same longitudinal differential sampling time tMi,tNiThe synchronous clock trigger time t of the corresponding integrated board cardMi_pps,tNi_ppsWherein M represents the M side of the two sides, N represents the N side of the two sides, and the sampling error delta t of the ping-pong time synchronization of longitudinal differential protection is further calculatedMN_sI.e. Δ tMN_sp＝tMi_gps-tNi_gps，ΔtMN_spAnd the sampling error is updated in real time when each sampling interruption occurs when the two side integrated devices are in a synchronous state.
Preferably, if the clocks of the integrated devices on the two sides of the M side and the N side are in a synchronous state, the double-end ranging calculation formula of the integrated devices on the two sides after the line fault is as follows:
in the formula: l isMFor fault point to M side integrationDistance of arrangement, LNThe distance from the fault point to the N-side integrated device;
Lsetsetting a line length value, and upsilon is a linear mode wave velocity;
tM_gpsabsolute time, t, at which the initial travelling wave generated for the fault reaches the M-side integrated deviceN_gpsThe absolute moment at which the initial traveling wave generated for the fault reaches the N-side integrated device.
Preferably, if the clock of the M-side integrated device is in a synchronous clock state and the clock of the N-side integrated device is in an asynchronous state, the two-end ranging calculation formula of the two-side integrated device is as follows:
in the formula: t is tM_spThe traveling wave reaches the sampling moment corresponding to the M-side integrated device;
ΔtN(gps_sp)and the relative time difference between the traveling wave arrival time and the sampling time when the traveling wave reaches the N-side integrated device.
Preferably, if the clock of the M-side integrated device is in an asynchronous state and the clock of the N-side integrated device is in a synchronous clock state, the two-end ranging calculation formula of the two-side integrated device is as follows:
in the formula: t is tM_spThe traveling wave reaches the sampling moment corresponding to the M-side integrated device;
ΔtN(gps_sp)and the relative time difference between the traveling wave arrival time and the sampling time when the traveling wave reaches the N-side integrated device.
Preferably, if the clocks of the two integrated devices on the M side and the N side are in an asynchronous state, the two-end ranging calculation formula of the two integrated devices on the two sides is as follows:
compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention integrates the traveling wave distance measurement function in the line protection device, utilizes the combination of the external clock synchronization of the traveling wave integrated device and the synchronization method of the longitudinal differential protection sampling time adjustment, automatically compensates the absolute time difference of the sampling time of the integrated devices on two sides of the line in real time, and when the synchronous clock on one side or two sides of the line is abnormal or disappears, the double-end traveling wave distance measurement can still work correctly without being lazed to the synchronous clocks on two sides, and the distance measurement precision is not influenced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a double-ended traveling wave ranging method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of calculating a pilot fiber channel delay according to an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 3 is a timing diagram of protection clock and delay timing for two-side protection according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
If 1, a double-end traveling wave ranging method for clock adaptive compensation comprises the following steps:
step 1: a line protection device integrated with traveling wave ranging adds absolute time of external clocks at two sides, external clock synchronization state, time difference between Pulse Per Second (PPS) of GPS clock of the line protection device and sampling time (t _ sp), and time difference delta t between arrival time of traveling wave head of traveling wave ranging board card of the traveling wave ranging device and the sampling time in interactive data of optical fiber channels at two sides of differential protection of a pilot linegps_sp；
Step 2: the host and the slave respectively calculate the pilot fiber channel delay Td; as shown in fig. 2, the method for calculating the channel delay by the slave includes: (1) slave at time tn _ sSending a message to the host, (2) the host receives a message of the slave at tm _ r, sends the message to the slave at tm _ s, and the slave receives a message returned by the host at tn _ r. The formula for calculating the channel delay is as follows:
and step 3: the slave computer adjusts the sampling time until the sampling time is synchronous with the host computer;
and the slave calculates the sampling time deviation of the two sides according to the channel delay Td and the sampling time tn of the slave corresponding to the time tm of the master, adjusts the sampling interruption time according to the sampling time deviation, and sets the sampling time synchronization state of the differential protection of the two sides when the sampling time deviation of the master and the slave is close to 0.
And 4, step 4: when the external synchronous clock state of the two-side integrated device is normal (GPS _ M is 1, GPS _ N is 1), and the differential protection sampling time calculated in step 3 is also in a synchronous state (SYN _ DIF _ M is 1, SYN _ DIF _ N is 1). Respectively calculating the time difference between the Pulse Per Second (PPS) and the sampling time (t _ sp) of the host and the slave of the integrated device on the two sides, and carrying out real-time interaction on the data by the host and the slave;
and 5: the host and the slave respectively judge the synchronous clock states of the two sides, and when the synchronous clock states of the integrated devices on the two sides are in a normal synchronous state, the integrated devices on the two sides are calculated and protected at the same longitudinal differential sampling time tMi_sp,tNi_spThe synchronous clock trigger time t of the corresponding integrated board cardMi_ppsAnd tNi_ppsIn the case where the external synchronous clocks on both sides are in synchronization tMi_pps＝tNi_ppsAnd calculating to obtain the sampling time error delta t of the longitudinal differential protection at two sidesMN_spI.e. atMN_sp＝tMi_pps-tNi_pps，ΔtMN_spAnd the sampling time error is updated in real time when each sampling interruption is carried out when the integration devices on the two sides are in a synchronous state.
Step 6: if the clocks of the integrated devices on the M side and the N side are in a synchronous state, the absolute time t of the initial traveling wave generated in the line fault to reach the integrated devices on the M side and the N side respectively is directly utilizedM_gpsAnd tN_gpsThe double-end distance measurement calculation formula of the two-side integrated device is as follows:
and 7: if the M-side integrated device clock is in a synchronous state (GPS _ M is 1) and the N-side integrated device clock is in an asynchronous state (GPS _ N is 0), the time from the initial traveling wave generated by the line fault to the M-side integrated device still uses the absolute time tM_gps. As shown in fig. 3: n-side sampling time tN_spCorresponding to sampling time t of M sideM_spPrecise time t of sampling instant on the N sideN_spThe error delta t of the sampling time when the clock state is synchronized between the sampling time of the M side and the N sideMN_spTo obtain
Then according to the time t of the traveling wave reaching the traveling wave board card of the N-side integrated deviceN_gpsSampling time t with N-side deviceN_spRelative time difference Δ t ofN(gps_sp)And calculating to obtain the precise time of the traveling wave reaching the N-side device
The double-end distance measurement calculation formula of the two-side integrated device is as follows:
in the formula: t is tM_spThe traveling wave reaches the sampling moment corresponding to the M-side integrated device;
ΔtN(gps_sp)and the relative time difference between the traveling wave arrival time and the sampling time when the traveling wave reaches the N-side integrated device.
And 8: if the M-side integrated device clock is in an asynchronous state (GPS _ M is 0) and the N-side integrated device clock is in a synchronous state (GPS _ N is 1), the time from the initial traveling wave generated by the line fault to the N-side integrated device still uses the absolute time tN_gps. As shown in fig. 3Shown in the figure: m-side sampling time tM_spCorresponding to sampling time t of N sideN_spPrecise time t of sampling instant on the N sideN_spThe error delta t of the sampling time of the sampling value of the M side and the sampling time of the N side synchronous clock state can be obtainedMN_spFind tM_sp＝tN_sp+ΔtMN_sp(ii) a Then according to the time t of the traveling wave reaching the traveling wave board card of the M-side integrated deviceM_gpsSampling time t with M side deviceM_spRelative time difference Δ t ofM(gps_sp)And calculating to obtain the precise time t of the traveling wave reaching the M-side deviceM_gps＝tM_sp+ΔtMN_sp+ΔtM(gps_sp)(ii) a The double-end distance measurement calculation formula of the two-side integrated device is as follows:
in the formula: t is tM_spThe traveling wave reaches the sampling moment corresponding to the M-side integrated device;
ΔtN(gps_sp)and the relative time difference between the traveling wave arrival time and the sampling time when the traveling wave reaches the N-side integrated device.
And step 9: if the M-side ic clock is in an asynchronous state (GPS _ M is 0), the N-side ic clock is also in an asynchronous state (GPS _ N is 0). As shown in fig. 3, the traveling wave arrives at the sampling time t of the M-side integrated deviceM_spCorresponding to sampling time t of N sideN_spTime t of traveling wave board card of M-side integrated deviceM_gpsSampling time t with M side deviceM_spRelative time difference Δ t ofM(gps_sp)，tM_gps＝tM_sp+ΔtM(gps_sp)(ii) a Traveling wave arriving at N side integrated device, sampling time tN_spCorresponding to sampling time t of M sideM_spTime t of N-side integrated device traveling wave board cardN_gpsSampling time t with N-side deviceN_spRelative time difference Δ t ofN(gps_sp)，tN_gps＝tN_sp+ΔtN(gps_sp)(ii) a The double-end distance measurement calculation formula of the two-side integrated device is as follows:
although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (8)
1. A double-end traveling wave distance measurement method of clock self-adaptive compensation is characterized in that the method is realized by adopting an integrated device integrating traveling wave distance measurement function in a line protection device, the integrated device is respectively arranged at two sides of a pilot optical fiber channel, and the data for interaction between the integrated devices at the two sides comprises the following steps: absolute time of an external clock, synchronous state of the external clock, time difference between the absolute time and sampling time, and time difference between arrival time of the initial traveling wave and the sampling time; the method comprises the following steps:
calculating the time delay of the longitudinal optical fiber channels of the integrated devices on the two sides respectively to complete the ping-pong time synchronization of differential protection of the longitudinal optical fiber channels;
when the ping-pong time ticks of the longitudinal optical fiber channel differential protection are in a synchronous state and the external clocks of the integrated devices on the two sides are also in the synchronous state, acquiring the sampling time deviation of the ping-pong time ticks of the integrated devices on the two sides during normal operation;
based on the sampling time deviation of ping-pong time synchronization in normal operation, when the external synchronous clock is abnormal, the integrated device automatically compensates the sampling time deviation and calculates the traveling wave double-end ranging.
2. The clock adaptive compensation double-end traveling wave distance measuring method according to claim 1, wherein the integrated devices on both sides are divided into a master and a slave, and after the master and the slave respectively calculate the pilot fiber channel delay, the slave adjusts the sampling time until the sampling time is synchronized with the master, thereby completing the synchronization of the sampling time of the differential protection on both sides.
3. The double-ended traveling wave distance measuring method of clock adaptive compensation of claim 2, wherein the master and the slave respectively calculate the time difference between the pulse per second and the sampling time, and perform real-time interaction on the time difference, and the master and the slave respectively determine the external clock synchronization status on both sides according to the time difference.
4. The double-ended traveling wave distance measuring method of clock adaptive compensation of claim 3, wherein after the master and the slave respectively determine the external clock synchronization status of the two sides, when the external clock synchronization status of the integrated devices on the two sides is in a normal synchronization status, the integrated devices on the two sides are calculated and protected at the same longitudinal differential sampling time tMi,tNiThe synchronous clock trigger time t of the corresponding integrated board cardMi_pps,tNi_ppsWherein M represents the M side of the two sides, N represents the N side of the two sides, and the sampling error delta t of the ping-pong time synchronization of longitudinal differential protection is further calculatedMN_spI.e. Δ tMN_sp＝tMi_gps-tNi_gps，ΔtMN_spAnd the sampling error is updated in real time when each sampling interruption occurs when the two side integrated devices are in a synchronous state.
5. The clock self-adaptive compensation double-end traveling wave ranging method according to claim 4, wherein if the clocks of the integrated devices on the two sides of the M side and the N side are in a synchronous state, the double-end ranging calculation formula of the integrated devices on the two sides after the line fault is as follows:
in the formula: l isMDistance from fault point to M-side integrated device, LNThe distance from the point of failure to the N-side integrated device,
Lsetis a line length setting value, upsilon is a linear mode wave velocity,
tM_gpsthe absolute moment at which the initial traveling wave generated for the fault reaches the M-side integrated device,tN_gpsthe absolute moment at which the initial traveling wave generated for the fault reaches the N-side integrated device.
6. The clock-adaptive-compensation double-ended traveling wave ranging method according to claim 4, wherein if the M-side integrated device clock is in a synchronous clock state and the N-side integrated device clock is in an asynchronous state, the double-ended ranging calculation formula of the two-side integrated device is as follows:
in the formula: t is tM_spIn order for the traveling wave to reach the sampling moment corresponding to the M-side integrated device,
ΔtN(gps_sp)and the relative time difference between the traveling wave arrival time and the sampling time when the traveling wave reaches the N-side integrated device.
7. The clock-adaptive-compensation double-ended traveling wave ranging method according to claim 4, wherein if the M-side integrated device clock is in an asynchronous state and the N-side integrated device clock is in a synchronous clock state, the double-ended ranging calculation formula of the two-side integrated devices is as follows:
in the formula: t is tM_spIn order for the traveling wave to reach the sampling moment corresponding to the M-side integrated device,
ΔtN(gps_sp)and the relative time difference between the traveling wave arrival time and the sampling time when the traveling wave reaches the N-side integrated device.
8. The clock adaptive compensation double-ended traveling wave ranging method according to claim 4, wherein if the clocks of the integrated devices on both sides of the M side and the N side are in an asynchronous state, the double-ended ranging calculation formula of the integrated devices on both sides is as follows:
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