CN112763490A - Probe and method for high-temperature water-cooled wall coking detection - Google Patents
Probe and method for high-temperature water-cooled wall coking detection Download PDFInfo
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- CN112763490A CN112763490A CN202110076694.7A CN202110076694A CN112763490A CN 112763490 A CN112763490 A CN 112763490A CN 202110076694 A CN202110076694 A CN 202110076694A CN 112763490 A CN112763490 A CN 112763490A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/84—Systems specially adapted for particular applications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
- F22B37/00—Component parts or details of steam boilers
- F22B37/02—Component parts or details of steam boilers applicable to more than one kind or type of steam boiler
- F22B37/38—Determining or indicating operating conditions in steam boilers, e.g. monitoring direction or rate of water flow through water tubes
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/01—Arrangements or apparatus for facilitating the optical investigation
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/01—Arrangements or apparatus for facilitating the optical investigation
- G01N2021/0106—General arrangement of respective parts
- G01N2021/0112—Apparatus in one mechanical, optical or electronic block
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Abstract
The invention discloses a probe for detecting coking of a high-temperature water-cooled wall, which comprises a laser light source, a light guide arm, a light path system and an image recording unit which are sequentially arranged, wherein laser generated by the laser light source is introduced into the light path system through the light guide arm to form divergent incident light and then irradiates on a water-cooled wall to be detected and water-cooled wall ash coke through an observation window, and light reflected by the water-cooled wall and the water-cooled wall ash coke is filtered out of stray light through the light path system through the observation window and then is recorded by the image recording unit. The invention also provides a method for detecting the coking of the high-temperature water-cooled wall. The probe and the method can realize the rapid and accurate measurement of the coking position and the severity of the water wall.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a high-temperature water-cooled wall coking detection diagnosis technology, in particular to a probe and a method for high-temperature water-cooled wall coking detection.
Background
In the operation of coal-fired industrial boilers, when molten ash particles leave the flame heating surfaces and encounter the water-cooled walls, they adhere to the heated surfaces of the walls or walls of the tubes by cooling, a phenomenon known as coking. Coking of a water-cooled wall of a hearth of a coal-fired boiler is one of important problems influencing the combustion process of the boiler, the coking can worsen the combustion state of the boiler, reduce the efficiency of the boiler, destroy the normal working medium operation, cause equipment damage accidents such as a water-cooled wall of the boiler, a superheater and the like, and cause the boiler to be shut down due to the accident that coke blocks are accumulated to the hearth and cannot be discharged under severe conditions.
In order to effectively relieve the coking condition of the boiler, on one hand, the quality and the characteristics of the fire coal can be adjusted, the coking characteristic of the raw materials is improved, and on the other hand, the coking of the boiler can be slowed down through combustion adjustment optimization, air volume adjustment, good investment of soot blowing equipment and the like. However, in order to optimize the coking in a targeted manner, the location and extent of coking on the water-cooled walls of the boiler must be known in practice.
The stereoscopic vision technology can acquire three-dimensional geometric information from a two-dimensional image, and has been widely applied in the fields of industrial measurement, object modeling, visual navigation, object identification and the like. The multi-view stereoscopic vision technology is characterized in that a plurality of images are shot at different viewpoints to recover three-dimensional information of a scene, a single camera can continuously move to shoot the same scene, the position and posture information and a sparse scene structure of the camera can be recovered through a motion recovery structure algorithm, and dense reconstruction of the scene can be performed by combining the multi-view stereoscopic vision algorithm. The method has the characteristics of high measurement efficiency, simple system structure and low equipment cost, and has great application potential in the field of three-dimensional measurement in complex environments.
At present, the coking position can be judged in the boiler only by visual observation through fire observation holes around a water-cooled wall of a hearth, or the coking degree of the boiler can be roughly judged by observing indirect factors such as the temperature of the hearth, the temperature of outlet smoke, the slag distribution and the like. A method and a device capable of comprehensively and accurately judging the coking position and the coking severity of the water wall of the boiler are lacked. Therefore, how to realize rapid, comprehensive and accurate measurement of high-temperature water wall coking detection is a technical problem which needs to be solved urgently in the field at present.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a probe and a method for detecting high-temperature water wall coking, which can realize the rapid and accurate measurement of the coking position and severity of the water wall.
In order to solve the technical problem, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
a probe for detecting coking of a high-temperature water-cooled wall comprises a laser source, a light guide arm, a light path system and an image recording unit which are sequentially arranged, wherein laser generated by the laser source is introduced into the light path system through the light guide arm to form divergent incident light and then irradiates on a water-cooled wall to be detected and ash coke of the water-cooled wall through an observation window, and light reflected by the water-cooled wall and the ash coke of the water-cooled wall is filtered out of stray light through the light path system through the observation window and then is recorded by the image recording unit.
The light guide arm is a high-precision light guide arm system with multi-joint rotation and high structural flexibility, the light inlet end is connected with the laser light source outlet, and the light outlet end is connected with the probe light path system.
The optical path system comprises a collimation beam expander, a reflecting mirror and a plano-concave cylindrical lens which are arranged below the observation window; the laser is introduced by the light guide arm, then sequentially passes through the collimation beam expander, the reflector and the planoconvex lens and then irradiates on the water-cooled wall and the water-cooled wall ash coke to be detected through the observation window, and the light reflected by the water-cooled wall and the water-cooled wall ash coke is recorded by the image recording unit after passing through the observation window.
In the invention, the collimation beam expander expands and collimates the laser transmitted by the light guide arm to form parallel light, thereby effectively reducing the influence of tube wall reflection in long-distance transmission.
The image recording unit comprises a narrow-band filter and an amorphous silicon infrared microbolometer; and light reflected by the water-cooled wall and the water-cooled wall ash coke passes through the observation window, then passes through the narrow-band filter and then is recorded by the amorphous silicon infrared micro-bolometer. The two can adjust the orientation angle according to the needs.
The reflecting mirror is a reflecting mirror with an adjustable reflecting angle, the rotating angle of the reflecting mirror is adjusted by controlling a driving device through an external control signal, and the light reflectivity with the wavelength of 10.6 mu m is larger than 95%.
The resolution ratio of the amorphous silicon infrared microbolometer is 640 multiplied by 480, and the acquisition frame rate can reach 50 Hz; the narrow-band filter is arranged in front of the amorphous silicon infrared micro-bolometer, the central wavelength is 10.6 mu m, the transmittance is more than 70%, and the bandwidth is less than 300 nm.
The laser generation unit comprises a carbon dioxide laser and a cooler; the carbon dioxide laser generates a mid-infrared wavelength laser beam, beam mass M2The power is less than or equal to 1.2 and can be adjusted within the range of 2W to 100W.
The cooler uses water as a cooling working medium and is used for cooling the laser, the refrigerating capacity is 50W-150W, the temperature control precision is +/-1 ℃, and the laser can be ensured to operate at a normal temperature; the laser light source is arranged outside the open end of the probe.
The probe comprises a long tubular hollow shell with an opening end and a closed end, and a laser light source and a light guide arm are arranged at the opening end; a high-temperature resistant glass window is arranged on the shell to be used as an observation window; and a cooling jacket is laid on the inner wall of the hollow shell, and a coolant inlet and a coolant outlet are arranged near the opening end.
The size of the shell from the open end of the probe to the observation window is uniform, and any position of the shell can be matched with the boiler ignition hole.
The cooling jacket is of a double-layer cooling structure, the outer layer is a coolant inlet channel, and the inner layer is a coolant outlet channel.
The invention also provides a method for detecting coking of the high-temperature water wall, which comprises the following steps:
(1) inserting a probe into the ignition hole;
(2) the middle infrared wavelength laser beam generated by the laser source is converted into parallel light through the collimation beam expander, forms divergent incident light through the reflecting mirror and the flat concave cylindrical mirror, and irradiates on the measured water-cooling wall through the observation window;
(3) the incident light illuminates the area of the water-cooled wall to be detected, and the object light reflected and scattered back by the water-cooled wall to be detected is filtered by the narrow-band filter to remove the stray light and then recorded by the amorphous silicon infrared micro-bolometer;
(4) by changing the depth of the probe into the ignition hole, obtaining a plurality of image data of different viewpoints of the same water-cooled wall area to be detected at different viewpoint coordinates; the orientation of the observation window is controlled by controlling the rotary probe, so that the measurement of different water-cooled wall areas is realized;
(5) and transmitting the recorded data of a plurality of images to a computer, processing by a multi-view three-dimensional reconstruction method to obtain the surface three-dimensional morphology of the water-cooled wall to be detected, and further judging the coking condition of the high-temperature water-cooled wall of the hearth.
In the step (1), the design size of the probe refers to a boiler ignition oil gun, and when the boiler runs or is in a temporary stop, the probe device is inserted into an ignition hole, so that the measurement of the coking position and the severity of the water wall in the hearth is realized; the shell from the open end of the probe to the observation window is uniform in size, any position of the shell can be matched with a boiler ignition hole, and the probe probing depth can be freely adjusted.
In the step (4), according to the change of the probe penetration depth, the adjustable reflector, the plano-concave cylindrical mirror and the image recording unit of the probe can correspondingly change the angle, so that the probe can record the image data protruding the same measured water-cooled wall area at a plurality of viewpoints.
In the step (5), the multi-view three-dimensional reconstruction process includes feature extraction and matching, motion structure restoration, multi-view stereo matching and surface reconstruction. Selecting an image matching method based on SIFT characteristics to realize the matching of each view; then, the position and attitude estimation of the sensor is realized by utilizing a motion structure recovery technology, and a sparse point cloud model is recovered; constructing a target space point cloud by combining the obtained sensor orientation information and a dense matching method; and finally, carrying out grid construction by using the point cloud to obtain the surface three-dimensional appearance.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention can probe into the hearth through the ignition hole to carry out multi-view measurement of the water-cooled wall, and realizes image measurement of different viewpoints of the water-cooled wall by controlling the insertion depth and angle of the probe; in consideration of the severe environment inside the hearth, high-energy mid-infrared laser is adopted to irradiate the surface of the water-cooled wall, and the filter is combined, so that the influence of strong radiation of the hearth is overcome, the rapid and accurate measurement of the coking position and severity of the water-cooled wall is realized, an important reference basis is provided for subsequent units to perform operations such as targeted combustion adjustment optimization, soot blowing equipment investment and the like, and the method is favorable for relieving the coking of the water-cooled wall of the hearth.
The invention provides an invasive probe and a method by combining a multi-view stereoscopic vision technology, which can realize the measurement of the coking position and the severity of a high-temperature water-cooled wall, can protect main parts from being damaged by high temperature, and is suitable for engineering sites.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a probe according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the method for detecting coking on a water wall according to the present invention;
wherein: 1. the device comprises a carbon dioxide laser, 2 a cooler, 3 a light guide arm, 4 a coolant inlet, 5 a coolant outlet, 6 a coolant inlet channel, 7 a coolant outlet channel, 8 a light path system, 9 a collimation beam expander, 10 a plano-concave column lens, 11 an adjustable reflector, 12 an observation window, 13 a narrow-band filter, 14 an amorphous silicon infrared micro-bolometer, 15 a water-cooled wall, 16 an ignition hole and 17 water-cooled wall grey coke.
Detailed Description
The following describes in detail a specific embodiment of the present invention by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The probe for detecting the coking of the high-temperature water-cooled wall comprises a carbon dioxide laser 1, a cooler 2, a light guide arm 3, a light path system 8 and an amorphous silicon infrared microbolometer 14, wherein high-energy laser generated by the laser is introduced into the light path system 8 through the light guide arm 3; the device also comprises a long tubular hollow shell with an opening end and a closing end, wherein the shell is provided with an observation window 12 made of high-temperature-resistant glass; an adjustable reflector 11, a plano-concave cylindrical lens 10, a narrow-band filter 13 and an amorphous silicon infrared micro-bolometer 14 which form an image recording unit of the optical path system 8 are arranged in a probe cavity below the observation window; a cooling jacket is laid on the inner wall of the shell, and a coolant inlet 4 and a coolant outlet 5 are arranged near the opening end.
Example 1:
laser with the wavelength of 10.6 microns emitted by the carbon dioxide laser 1 is introduced into the optical path system 8 through the light guide arm 3, and the laser forms parallel light through the collimation beam expander 9, so that the influence of tube wall reflection is effectively reduced in long-distance transmission. The parallel light forms divergent incident light after passing through the adjustable reflector 11 and the plano-concave cylindrical mirror 10, and irradiates on the water cooling wall 15 and the water cooling wall ash coke 17 to be measured through the observation window 12. The light reflected by the water-cooled wall 15 to be measured and the attached ash coke 17 passes through the observation window 12, and after the stray light is filtered by the narrow-band filter 13, the light is recorded by the amorphous silicon infrared micro-bolometer 14.
As shown in fig. 2, by changing the depth of the probe into the ignition hole 16, recording the coordinates of different viewpoints of the image recording unit, and repeating the above measurement steps, a plurality of image data of different viewpoints of the same measured water-cooled wall region can be obtained; and (3) carrying out multi-view three-dimensional reconstruction algorithm processing such as noise reduction, restoration and matching on the plurality of images by using a computer, reducing the three-dimensional appearance of the measured water-cooled wall 15, and analyzing to obtain the coking position and severity of the water-cooled wall of the hearth. By controlling the rotary probe, the orientation of the observation window 12 is controlled, and different water wall areas around the ignition hole 16 are realized.
Instructions for use of the probe:
the coolant is first caused to enter from the coolant inlet 4, flow from the coolant inlet passage 6 to the coolant outlet passage 7, and finally flow out from the coolant outlet 5 to protect the probe apparatus. The probe is placed in an ignition hole 16 of a boiler burner, the probe is in severe environments such as high temperature of a hearth and the like, and the carbon dioxide laser 1, the cooler 2 and the light guide arm 3 are placed at proper positions according to actual measurement requirements. The medium infrared laser irradiates a water-cooled wall area to be detected through an observation window 12 by passing through a light path system 8, object light formed by scattering on the surface of the water-cooled wall or a coking surface 17 penetrates through the observation window and is recorded by an amorphous silicon infrared micro bolometer 14, an output signal is connected to a computer for storage through a data line, and after a plurality of images are obtained by changing the measurement depth and angle of a probe, the coking condition of the water-cooled wall to be detected can be obtained through multi-view three-dimensional reconstruction of the computer.
Finally, it is noted that the above-mentioned preferred embodiments illustrate rather than limit the invention, and that, although the invention has been described in detail with reference to the above-mentioned preferred embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and detail may be made therein without departing from the scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. The probe for detecting the coking of the high-temperature water-cooled wall is characterized by comprising a laser light source, a light guide arm, a light path system and an image recording unit which are sequentially arranged, wherein laser light generated by the laser light source is introduced into the light path system through the light guide arm to form divergent incident light and then irradiates on a water-cooled wall to be detected and water-cooled wall ash coke through an observation window, and light reflected by the water-cooled wall and the water-cooled wall ash coke is filtered out of stray light through the light path system through the observation window and then is recorded by the image recording unit.
2. The probe for high temperature water wall coking detection according to claim 1, wherein the optical path system includes a collimating beam expander, a mirror and a plano-concave cylindrical lens disposed below the observation window; the laser is introduced by the light guide arm, then sequentially passes through the collimation beam expander, the reflector and the planoconvex lens and then irradiates on the water-cooled wall and the water-cooled wall ash coke to be detected through the observation window, and the light reflected by the water-cooled wall and the water-cooled wall ash coke is recorded by the image recording unit after passing through the observation window.
3. The probe for detecting coking on high-temperature water-cooled wall according to claim 2, wherein the image recording unit comprises a narrow-band filter and an amorphous silicon infrared microbolometer; and light reflected by the water-cooled wall and the water-cooled wall ash coke passes through the observation window, then passes through the narrow-band filter and then is recorded by the amorphous silicon infrared micro-bolometer.
4. The probe for detecting coking on the high-temperature water-cooled wall according to claim 3, wherein the reflector is a reflector with an adjustable reflection angle, the driving device is controlled by an external control signal to adjust the rotation angle of the reflector, and the light reflectivity with a wavelength of 10.6 μm is greater than 95%.
5. The probe for detecting coking on the high-temperature water-cooled wall according to claim 3, wherein the resolution of the amorphous silicon infrared microbolometer is 640 x 480, and the acquisition frame rate can reach 50 Hz; the narrow-band filter is arranged in front of the amorphous silicon infrared micro-bolometer, the central wavelength is 10.6 mu m, the transmittance is more than 70%, and the bandwidth is less than 300 nm.
6. The probe for high temperature water wall coking detection according to claim 1, wherein the laser generation unit includes a carbon dioxide laser and a cooler; the carbon dioxide laser generates a mid-infrared wavelength laser beam, beam mass M2The power is less than or equal to 1.2 and can be adjusted within the range of 2W to 100W.
7. The probe for high temperature water wall coking detection according to claim 1, wherein the probe includes an elongated tubular hollow housing having an open end and a closed end, the open end having a laser light source and a light guide arm disposed therein; a high-temperature resistant glass window is arranged on the shell to be used as an observation window; and a cooling jacket is laid on the inner wall of the hollow shell, and a coolant inlet and a coolant outlet are arranged near the opening end.
8. The probe for detecting coking on a high-temperature water-cooled wall according to claim 7, wherein the cooling jacket has a double-layer cooling structure, the outer layer is a coolant inlet channel, and the inner layer is a coolant outlet channel.
9. A method for detecting coking of a high-temperature water wall is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) inserting a probe into the ignition hole;
(2) the middle infrared wavelength laser beam generated by the laser source is converted into parallel light through the collimation beam expander, forms divergent incident light through the reflecting mirror and the flat concave cylindrical mirror, and irradiates on the measured water-cooling wall through the observation window;
(3) the incident light illuminates the area of the water-cooled wall to be detected, and the object light reflected and scattered back by the water-cooled wall to be detected is filtered by the narrow-band filter to remove the stray light and then recorded by the amorphous silicon infrared micro-bolometer;
(4) by changing the depth of the probe into the ignition hole, obtaining a plurality of image data of different viewpoints of the same water-cooled wall area to be detected at different viewpoint coordinates; the orientation of the observation window is controlled by controlling the rotary probe, so that the measurement of different water-cooled wall areas is realized;
(5) and transmitting the recorded data of a plurality of images to a computer, processing by a multi-view three-dimensional reconstruction method to obtain the surface three-dimensional morphology of the water-cooled wall to be detected, and further judging the coking condition of the high-temperature water-cooled wall of the hearth.
10. The method for high temperature water wall coking detection according to claim 9, wherein in step (5), the multi-view three-dimensional reconstruction method includes feature extraction and matching, kinematic structure restoration, multi-view stereo matching, and surface reconstruction: matching each view by using an image matching method based on SIFT features; then, the position and attitude estimation of the sensor is realized by utilizing a motion structure recovery technology, and a sparse point cloud model is recovered; constructing a target space point cloud by combining the obtained sensor orientation information and a dense matching method; and finally, carrying out grid construction by using the point cloud to obtain the surface three-dimensional appearance.
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| CN202110076694.7A CN112763490A (en) | 2021-01-20 | 2021-01-20 | Probe and method for high-temperature water-cooled wall coking detection |
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| CN202110076694.7A CN112763490A (en) | 2021-01-20 | 2021-01-20 | Probe and method for high-temperature water-cooled wall coking detection |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113960035A (en) * | 2021-09-29 | 2022-01-21 | 北京科林佰德环保有限公司 | Hearth detection equipment and hearth detection method |
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2021
- 2021-01-20 CN CN202110076694.7A patent/CN112763490A/en active Pending
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113960035A (en) * | 2021-09-29 | 2022-01-21 | 北京科林佰德环保有限公司 | Hearth detection equipment and hearth detection method |
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