CN112760281A

CN112760281A - Culture medium for culturing primary cells of brain tumor solid tumors

Info

Publication number: CN112760281A
Application number: CN201911065555.3A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 尹申意; 张函槊
Original assignee: Beijing Genex Health Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Beijing cornerstone Jingzhun Diagnostic Technology Co.,Ltd.
Priority date: 2019-11-04
Filing date: 2019-11-04
Publication date: 2021-05-07
Anticipated expiration: 2039-11-04
Also published as: CN112760281B

Abstract

The invention discloses a culture medium for culturing primary cells of brain tumor solid tumors. The primary cell culture medium for culturing the brain tumor solid tumor provided by the invention is prepared with a special serum-free culture medium, and the culture medium is used for carrying out in-vitro suspension culture on the solid tumor cells derived from the brain tumor, so that the interference of normal cells can be eliminated to the maximum extent while the normal amplification of the tumor cells is ensured. The brain tumor solid tumor primary cell culture obtained by the method can be used for in vitro experiments of various cell levels, next generation sequencing, animal model construction, cell line construction and the like. The culture method has wide application prospect in the fields of research on brain tumor and clinical diagnosis and treatment.

Description

Culture medium for culturing primary cells of brain tumor solid tumors

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of biology, in particular to a culture medium for culturing primary cells of brain tumor solid tumors.

Background

Brain tumor is a new organism growing in cranial cavity, also called intracranial tumor and brain cancer, and can originate from brain, meninges, nerves, blood vessels and brain attachments, or be formed by metastasis of other tissues or organs of the body invading into the cranium, and can mostly produce headache, intracranial hypertension and focal symptoms. The incidence of brain tumors is about 1.9-5.4 people/(10 thousands of people per year), accounting for 5% of all tumors throughout the body. Brain gliomas are the most common brain tumors, accounting for about 60% of the incidence of brain tumors, with median survival of patients with glioblastoma (WHO4 grade) being only 14.6-17 months, with 5-year survival rates of less than 10%.

Although research on the etiology and development of brain tumors by scientific and medical institutions in various countries of the world is heavily invested, human beings are still poorly aware of the disease. Brain tumor is a kind of complex disease, the generation and development of which is a dynamic process, involving the interaction of many signal molecules, forming a complex molecular regulation network, and simultaneously affected by external environmental factors. The etiology, occurrence and development of brain tumor have strong individual differences, which cannot be considered in a whole. And partial brain tumors lack cell lines which can be used for basic research and drug development, so that the development of novel brain tumor diagnosis and treatment is greatly restricted. Therefore, the trend of individual accurate research by using the brain tumor solid tumor primary cell culture as a model is the brain tumor research field and even the brain tumor diagnosis and treatment field.

The existing primary tumor cell culture technology mainly comprises 2D culture, 3D culture, reprogramming culture and the like, and the methods all face the problems of extremely long culture period, low culture success rate, difficult removal of mixed cells and the like in different degrees.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to effectively solve the technical problems, the invention provides a novel brain tumor solid tumor primary cell culture technology and a matched reagent.

In a first aspect, the invention claims a medium for culturing primary cells of a brain tumor solid tumor.

The culture medium for culturing primary cells of solid tumors of brain tumor consists of antibacterial antifungal agent triantion (penicillin-streptomycin-amphotericin B), HEPES, GlutaMax, human recombinant protein bFGF, human recombinant protein HGF, human recombinant protein MSP, human recombinant protein VEGF, human recombinant protein BDNF, A83-01(3- (6-Methyl-2-pyridinyl) -N-phenyl-4- (4-quinolinyl) -1H-pyrazole-1-carbothioamide), N-acetyl-L-cysteine (N-acetyl-L-cysteine), N-2Supplement, SB431542, Y-27632, CHIR99021 and Advanced DMEM/F12 culture medium.

Wherein the final concentration of penicillin in the three-antibody of the antibacterial antifungal agent is 100-200U/mL (such as 100U/mL); the final concentration of streptomycin in the three-antibody of the antibacterial antifungal agent is 100-200 mu g/mL (such as 100 mu g/mL); the final concentration of amphotericin B in the three-antibody of the antibacterial antifungal agent is 250ng/mL (such as 250 ng/mL); the final concentration of HEPES is 8-12mM (e.g., 10 mM); the final concentration of GlutaMax is 0.8-1.2% (e.g., 1%,% represents volume percent); the final concentration of the human recombinant protein bFGF is 10-50 ng/mL; the final concentration of the human recombinant protein HGF is 5-25 ng/mL; the final concentration of the human recombinant protein MSP is 5-25 ng/mL; the final concentration of the human recombinant protein VEGF is 10-50 ng/mL; the final concentration of the human recombinant protein BDNF is 50-200 ng/mL; the final concentration of the A83-01 is 0.25-1.25 mu M; the final concentration of the N-acetyl-L-cysteine (N-acetyl-L-cysteine) is 0.5-2 mM; the final concentration of the N-2Supplement is 1 percent (volume percentage); the final concentration of the SB431542 is 1-5 μ M; the final concentration of the Y-27632 is 5-20 mu M; the final concentration of the CHIR99021 is 1-5 mu M; the balance is Advanced DMEM/F12 medium.

Further, the composition of the antibacterial antifungal agent triantion (penicillin-streptomycin-amphotericin B) is as follows: each ml contains 10000 units of penicillin (base), 10000. mu.g of streptomycin (base) and 25. mu.g of amphotericin B. The antimicrobial antifungal agent triantibody (penicillin-streptomycin-amphotericin B) is "antibacterial-antibacterial, 100X" (e.g., Gibco #15240062, or other products of the same composition). The "Antibiotic-Antibiotic, 100X" contained 10000 units of penicillin (base), 10000. mu.g of streptomycin (base) and 25. mu.g of amphotericin B per ml, using penicillin G (sodium salt), streptomycin sulfate and amphotericin B in the form of 0.85% saline as the active ingredients

An antifungal agent. The GlutaMAX is GlutaMAX^TMSupplement "(e.g., Gibco #35050061, or other products of the same composition). The "GlutaMAX^TMThe Supplement "was composed of L-allyl-L-glutamine as a substitute for L-glutamine at a concentration of 200nM in a 0.85% NaCl solution. The N-2Supplement is "N-2 Supplement (100X)" (e.g., Gibco #17502001, or consists of the sameOther products of (ii). The "N-2 Supplement (100X)" contained Human total Transferrin (Human Transferrin (Holo)) at a final concentration of 1mM, 500mg/L Recombinant Insulin Full Chain (Insulin Recombinant Full Chain), 0.63mg/L Progesterone (Progesterone), 10mM Putrescine (Putrescine), and 0.52mg/L Selenite (Selenite). The GlutaMAX is a high-grade cell culture additive and can directly replace L-glutamine in a cell culture medium. The GlutaMAX is GlutaMAX^TMSupplement "(e.g., Gibco #35050061, or other products of the same composition). Y-27632 is "Y-27632 dihydrochloride (an ATP-competitive ROCK-I and ROCK-II inhibitor with Ki of 220nM and 300nM, respectively)" (e.g. MCE #129830-38-2, or other products of the same composition). The SB431542 is a potent, selective ALK5 inhibitor with an IC50 of 94nM in a cell-free assay, acting 100-fold stronger on ALK5 than p38, MAPK and other kinases. The CHIR-99021 is specifically 'CHIR-99021 (CT99021) HCl' (such as Selleck # S2924, or other products with the same composition). The CHIR-99021(CT99021) HCl is hydrochloride of the CHIR-99021, is a GSK-3 alpha/beta inhibitor and has an IC50 of 10nM/6.7 nM. It has selectivity on GSK-3 over Cdc2 and ERK2 by over 500 times.

In a specific embodiment of the invention, the antibacterial antifungal agent triantion (penicillin-streptomycin-amphotericin B) is under the brand code Gibco # 15240062; the brand of HEPES is Gibco # 15630080; the brand name of GlutaMAX is Gibco # 35050061; the brand of the human recombinant protein bFGF is Peprotech AF-100-18B-50; the brand of the human recombinant protein HGF is Peprotech AF-100-39-100; the brand goods number of the human recombinant protein MSP is R & D # 352-MS-050; the brand cargo number of the human recombinant protein VEGF is R & D # 293-VE-050; the brand and cargo number of the human recombinant protein BDNF is Peprotech # 450-02; the brand name of A83-01 is Tocris # 2939; the brand and cargo number of the N-acetyl-L-cysteine is Sigma # A9165; the brand goods number of the N-2Supplement is Gibco # 17502001; the brand name of the SB431542 is Selleck # S1067; the brand goods number of the Y-27632 is MCE # 129830-38-2; the brand name of the CHIR99021 is Selleck # S2924; the brand of the Advanced DMEM/F12 medium is Gibco # 12634010.

Further, the culture medium for culturing the brain tumor solid tumor primary cells may exist in two forms:

the culture medium for culturing primary cells of solid tumors in brain is a solution containing the antibacterial antifungal agent tris (penicillin-streptomycin-amphotericin B), the HEPES, the GlutaMax, the human recombinant protein bFGF, the human recombinant protein HGF, the human recombinant protein MSP, the human recombinant protein VEGF, the human recombinant protein BDNF, the a83-01, the N-acetyl-L-cysteine, the N-2Supplement, the SB431542, the Y-27632, the CHIR99021, and the Advanced DMEM/F12 culture medium.

The media was prepared and sterilized by filtration through a 0.22 μ M needle filter (Millipore SLGP033RS) and stored at 4 ℃ for two weeks.

Secondly, each component in the culture medium for culturing the primary cells of the brain tumor solid tumor exists independently and is prepared according to a formula when in use.

Furthermore, the human recombinant protein bFGF, the human recombinant protein HGF, the human recombinant protein MSP, the human recombinant protein VEGF and the human recombinant protein BDNF can be stored in a stock solution (mother solution) form (long-term storage at the temperature of minus 80 ℃), and particularly can be 1000 times of the stock solution (mother solution). A83-01 can be stored in stock solution (mother liquor) (long-term storage at-20 deg.C), specifically 100000 times of stock solution (mother liquor). N-acetyl-L-cysteine and Y-27632 can be stored in stock solution (mother liquor) form (long-term storage at 20 ℃), specifically 1000 times of stock solution (mother liquor). SB431542 and CHIR99021 can be stored in stock solution (mother solution) (long-term storage at-20 deg.C), specifically 10000 times of stock solution (mother solution).

The stock solution of 1000 Xhuman recombinant protein bFGF consists of human recombinant protein bFGF, BSA and PBS, wherein the final concentration of the human recombinant protein bFGF is 20 mu g/mL, the final concentration of the BSA is 0.01g/mL, and the balance is PBS.

The 1000 Xhuman recombinant protein HGF stock solution consists of human recombinant proteins HGF, BSA and PBS, wherein the final concentration of the human recombinant proteins HGF is 20 mu g/mL, the final concentration of the BSA is 0.01g/mL, and the balance is PBS.

The stock solution of 1000 Xhuman recombinant protein MSP consists of human recombinant protein MSP, BSA and PBS, wherein the final concentration of the human recombinant protein MSP is 20 μ g/mL, the final concentration of the BSA is 0.01g/mL, and the balance is PBS.

The 1000 Xhuman recombinant protein VEGF stock solution is composed of human recombinant protein VEGF, BSA and PBS, wherein the final concentration of the human recombinant protein VEGF is 20 mu g/mL, the final concentration of the BSA is 0.01g/mL, and the balance is PBS.

The 1000 Xhuman recombinant protein BDNF stock solution consists of human recombinant proteins BDNF, BSA and PBS, wherein the final concentration of the human recombinant protein BDNF is 100 mu g/mL, the final concentration of the BSA is 0.01g/mL, and the balance is PBS.

In the five 1000-fold stock solutions, the BSA can be present (ready for formulation) in the form of 100-fold stock solution (mother liquor), and specifically consists of BSA and PBS, wherein the final concentration of BSA (Sigma # A1933) is 0.1g/mL, and the balance is PBS.

In addition, the 100000 XA 83-01 stock solution consisted of A83-01 and DMSO, wherein the concentration of A83-01 was 25mM, and the balance was DMSO.

The 1000 XN-acetyl-L-cysteine stock solution consists of N-acetyl-L-cysteine and ultrapure water, wherein the concentration of the N-acetyl-L-cysteine is 0.5M, and the balance is the ultrapure water.

The 1000 XY-27632 stock solution consists of Y-27632 and ultrapure water, wherein the final concentration of Y-27632 is 10mM, and the balance is ultrapure water.

The 10000 XSB 431542 stock solution consists of SB431542 and ultrapure water, wherein the final concentration of SB431542 is 10mM, and the balance is ultrapure water.

The 10000 XCHIR 99021 stock solution consists of CHIR99021 and ultrapure water, wherein the final concentration of the CHIR99021 is 10mM, and the balance is the ultrapure water.

In a second aspect, the invention claims a kit for culturing primary cells of a brain tumor solid tumor.

The kit for culturing primary cells of solid tumors of brain provided by the invention comprises the culture medium and at least one of the following reagents: digestion stop solutions and the cell cryopreservation solution described below.

In a third aspect, the invention claims the use of the culture medium or the kit of reagents for culturing primary cells of a brain tumor solid tumor.

In a fourth aspect, the invention claims a method of culturing primary cells of a brain tumor solid tumor.

The method for culturing the primary cells of the brain tumor solid tumor provided by the invention specifically comprises the following steps: using a culture container with a low-adsorption surface (low-adsorption surface), performing suspension culture on the brain tumor solid tumor primary cells by using the culture medium at 37 ℃ and 5% CO₂Culturing is carried out under conditions in which the medium is changed every 2-4 days (e.g., 3 days) until the cells form clumps of 80-120 μm (e.g., 100 μm) in diameter.

Wherein the initial seeding density may be 10⁵Per cm²Bottom area of the container, e.g. six-well plate, 10 per well⁶Density of individual cells was plated.

Further, the method may further comprise the steps of: passaging the primary brain tumor solid tumor cells when the primary brain tumor solid tumor cells form a mass with a diameter of 80-120 μm (such as 100 μm).

Wherein, the digestion stop solution adopted during the passage (can be stored for one month at 4 ℃ after being prepared) consists of fetal calf serum, double-antibody P/S (penicillin-streptomycin) and DMEM culture medium; wherein the final concentration of fetal calf serum is 8-12% (such as 10%,% represents volume percentage content); the final concentration of penicillin in the double-resistant P/S is 100-200U/mL (such as 100U/mL); the final concentration of streptomycin in the double-antibody P/S is 100-200 mug/mL (such as 100 mug/mL); the balance is DMEM medium.

In a specific embodiment of the invention, the brand of the double antibody P/S is Gibco # 15140122; the PBS was branded under Gibco # 21-040-CVR.

More specifically, the step of performing said passaging is carried out: collecting cell mass to be passaged, washing the cell mass with sterile PBS solution after centrifugation, then centrifuging again, then resuspending the cell mass with the cell digestive juice, digesting at 37 ℃ until the cell mass is digested into single cells,terminating the digestion reaction with the digestion stop solution (which may be used in an amount of 5-10 times, e.g., 10 times, volume), and collecting a cell suspension; resuspending the cell pellet with the brain tumor solid tumor primary cell culture medium after centrifugation, counting, and then suspension culturing the cells using a culture vessel with a low adsorption surface (initial seeding density can be 10)⁵Per cm²Bottom area of the container, e.g. six-well plate, 10 per well⁶Density plating of individual cells), culture conditions were 37 ℃ and 5% CO₂. All the centrifugation in the above-mentioned passaging step may be specifically 800-1000g (e.g., 800g) at room temperature for 10-20 minutes (e.g., 10 minutes).

Further, the method can also comprise the step of performing cryopreservation and/or resuscitation on the brain tumor solid tumor primary cells after the expansion of the brain tumor solid tumor primary cells for 2-3 times of passage.

Wherein the cell freezing solution adopted during freezing is composed of Advanced DMEM/F12 culture medium, DMSO and 1% methylcellulose solution; wherein the volume ratio of the Advanced DMEM/F12 culture medium to the DMSO to the 1% methylcellulose solution is 20:2 (0.8-1.2), such as 20:2: 1; the 1% methylcellulose solution is an aqueous solution of methylcellulose having a concentration of 1g/100 ml.

In a specific embodiment of the invention, the Advanced DMEM/F12 medium is under the brand code Gibco # 12634010; the brand code of the DMSO is Sigma # D2438; the brand of methylcellulose is Sigma # M7027.

Further, the specific steps of the cryopreservation are as follows: collecting cell mass to be frozen, centrifuging, washing the cell mass with sterile PBS solution, centrifuging, suspending the cell mass with the cell digestive juice, digesting at 37 deg.C until the cell mass is digested into single cell, terminating the digestion reaction with the digestion terminating solution (the dosage can be 5-10 times, such as 10 times of volume), and collecting cell suspension; centrifuging, and freezing the cells at 0.5-2 × 10⁶/mL (e.g., 10)⁶mL), and transferring the cell sediment to liquid nitrogen for long-term storage after the cell sediment is frozen and stored overnight by a gradient cooling box. All the centrifugation in the freezing step can be specifically 800-1000g (such as 800g) for 10-20 minutes at room temperature (Such as 10 minutes).

Further, the specific steps of performing the resuscitation are: taking out the freezing tube containing the cells to be rescued from the liquid nitrogen, and rapidly thawing the cells in sterile water at 37-39 deg.C (such as 37 deg.C); suspending the cell pellet with the brain tumor solid tumor primary cell culture medium after centrifugation (e.g. 800-⁵Per cm²Bottom area of container), cells per tube (10)⁶Respectively) reviving to 3.5cm culture dish), culturing at 37 deg.C and 5% CO₂。

In each of the above aspects, the solid brain tumor may be a primary solid brain tumor. The pathological type is glioma (such as glioblastoma, oligodendroastrocytoma, degenerative oligoastrocytoma or oligodendroglioma), and meningioma.

In each of the above aspects, the brain tumor solid tumor primary cells are isolated from a surgical sample of a brain tumor solid tumor patient. Wherein, the brain tumor solid tumor tissue specimen obtained from the operation sample preferably has the weight of more than 20 mg.

In a particular embodiment of the invention, the brain tumor is in particular a glioblastoma (e.g. grade II-IV), an oligoastrocytoma, a degenerative oligoastrocytoma, an oligodendroglioma or a meningioma.

In the present invention, all of the above PBS's may be 1 XPBS, pH 7.3-7.5. The concrete composition is as follows: the solvent is water, and the solute and the concentration are as follows: KH (Perkin Elmer)₂PO₄ 144mg/L，NaCl 9000mg/L，Na₂HPO₄·7H₂O 795mg/L。

The invention provides a method for extracting primary cells for culturing brain tumor solid tumors from a fresh brain tumor solid tumor operation sample and a matched reagent, and the method has the following advantages:

1. the dosage of the tissue sample is less, and only about 20mg of brain tumor solid tumor operation sample is needed;

2. the culture period is short, and only 3-10 days are needed to obtain 10⁷Order of magnitude of primary tumorA cell;

3. the culture stability is high, and the success rate of in vitro culture of qualified brain tumor solid tumor operation specimens by using the method is up to 70 percent;

4. the cell purity is high, the proportion of the tumor cells in the primary cell culture of the brain tumor solid tumor obtained by the method can reach 70-95%, and the interference of the mixed cells is less.

The brain tumor solid tumor primary cell culture obtained by the method can be used for in vitro experiments, next generation sequencing, animal model construction, cell line construction and the like of various cell levels. It is expected that the culture method has wide application prospect in the fields of research on brain tumor solid tumors and clinical diagnosis and treatment.

Drawings

FIG. 1 shows single cells obtained after treatment of brain tumor tissue. The scale is 100 μm, 100 times magnification.

FIG. 2 shows the cell mass obtained after primary culture of brain tumor tissue. The scale is 100 μm, 100 times magnification.

FIG. 3 is a HE staining pattern of brain tumor cells obtained after primary culture of brain tumor tissues. The scale is 100 μm, 40 times magnification.

FIG. 4 is a photograph of immunohistochemical staining of paraffin sections of tumor cell masses obtained after primary culture of brain tumor tissues. The scale is 100 μm, 200 times magnification.

FIG. 5 is a diagram of a microplate chip design of the invention.

Detailed Description

The experimental procedures used in the following examples are all conventional procedures unless otherwise specified.

Materials, reagents and the like used in the following examples are commercially available unless otherwise specified.

Example 1 preparation of reagents for culturing Primary cells of solid tumors of brain tumors

1. Sample preservation solution (100mL)

The specific formulation of the specimen preservation solution (100mL) is shown in table 1.

TABLE 1 sample preservation solution (100mL)

After the preparation of the sample preservation solution is completed, the sample preservation solution is subpackaged by 15mL centrifuge tubes, and each tube is 5 mL. Can be stored at 4 deg.C for 1 month after subpackaging.

2. Sample cleaning solution (100mL)

The specific formulation of the sample rinse (100mL) is shown in table 2.

TABLE 2 sample rinse (100mL)

The sample cleaning solution needs to be prepared for use.

3. Sample dissociation liquid (10mL)

The specific formulation of the sample dissociation solution (10mL) is shown in table 3.

TABLE 3 sample dissociation solution (10mL)

Note: the sample dissociation liquid is prepared for use.

In table 3, the formulation of collagenase stocks is shown in tables 4 and 5.

TABLE 410 collagenase I stock solution (100mL)

After preparing the 10 Xcollagenase I stock solution, the solution was dispensed into 1.5mL sterile centrifuge tubes, 1mL each. The stock solution can be stored at-20 deg.C for a long period.

TABLE 510 collagenase IV stock solution (100mL)

After preparing the 10 Xcollagenase IV stock solution, the solution was dispensed into 1.5mL sterile centrifuge tubes, 1mL each. The stock solution can be stored at-20 deg.C for a long period.

In tables 4 and 5, the unit U of collagenase (said collagenase I or said collagenase IV) is defined by the enzymatic activity of the protease: 1 μmol of L-leucine can be released by treating collagenase (said collagenase I or said collagenase IV) with 1U of protease at 37 ℃ and pH 7.5 for 5 hours.

4. Cell digestive juice (10mL)

The specific formulation of the cell digest (10mL) is shown in Table 6.

TABLE 6 cell digest (10mL)

The cell digestive juice is prepared for use.

5. Digestive stop solution (100mL)

The specific formulation of the digestion-stopping solution (100mL) is shown in Table 7.

TABLE 7 digestive stop solution (100mL)

The digestion stop solution can be stored for one month at 4 ℃ after being prepared.

6. Brain tumor solid tumor primary cell culture medium (100mL)

The specific formulation of brain tumor solid tumor primary cell culture medium (100mL) is shown in table 8.

TABLE 8 brain tumor solid tumor Primary cell culture Medium (100mL)

After preparation of the brain tumor solid tumor primary cell culture medium, the cells were sterilized by filtration using a 0.22 μ M syringe filter (Millipore SLGP033RS) and stored at 4 ℃ for two weeks.

In Table 8, the preparation of human recombinant protein stocks is shown in tables 10 to 14, the preparation of A83-01 stock is shown in Table 15, the preparation of N-acetyl-L-cysteine stock is shown in Table 16, the preparation of SB431542 stock is shown in Table 17, and the preparation of Y-27632 stock is shown in Table 18; the formulation of CHIR99021 stock solution is shown in Table 19. The 100 × BSA solutions required to formulate these stocks are shown in table 9.

TABLE 9100 XBSA solution (1mL)

The 100 × BSA solution is ready for use.

TABLE 101000 × stock solution of human recombinant protein bFGF (2.5mL)

After 1000 Xhuman recombinant protein bFGF stock solution is prepared, the stock solution is subpackaged by a sterile centrifuge tube with the volume of 1.5mL, and the stock solution can be preserved at the temperature of minus 80 ℃ for a long time.

TABLE 111000 Xhuman recombinant protein HGF stock solution (5mL)

1000 Xthe human recombinant protein HGF stock solution is prepared and subpackaged by a sterile centrifuge tube of 1.5mL, and the stock solution can be preserved for a long time at the temperature of minus 80 ℃.

TABLE 121000 × human recombinant protein MSP stock solution (2.5mL)

1000 Xthe human recombinant protein MSP stock solution is prepared and then subpackaged by a sterile centrifuge tube with 1.5mL, and the stock solution can be preserved for a long time at the temperature of minus 80 ℃.

TABLE 131000 Xhuman recombinant protein VEGF stock solution (2.5mL)

1000 Xthe human recombinant protein VEGF stock solution is prepared and then subpackaged by a sterile centrifuge tube with 1.5mL, and the stock solution can be preserved at the temperature of minus 80 ℃ for a long time.

TABLE 141000 × human recombinant protein BDNF stock solution (1mL)

1000 Xthe human recombinant protein BDNF stock solution is prepared and then subpackaged by a 1.5mL sterile centrifuge tube, and the stock solution can be preserved for a long time at the temperature of minus 80 ℃.

TABLE 15100000 XA 83-01 stock solution (1.05mL)

After preparing a stock solution of 1000 XA 83-01, the stock solution can be stored for a long time at-20 ℃ by dispensing with a 0.5mL sterile centrifuge tube.

TABLE 161000 XN-acetyl-L-cysteine stock solutions (5mL)

After preparing a stock solution of 1000 XN-acetyl-L-cysteine, subpackaging the stock solution by using a sterile centrifuge tube with the volume of 0.5mL, and storing the stock solution at the temperature of 20 ℃ below zero for a long time.

TABLE 171000 XYY-27632 stock solution (3.125mL)

After preparing the stock solution of 1000 XY-27632, the stock solution is subpackaged by a sterile centrifuge tube of 0.5mL and can be stored for a long time at the temperature of minus 20 ℃.

TABLE 1810000 XSB 431542 stock solution (1.30mL)

10000 XSB 431542 stock solution is prepared and then is subpackaged by a sterile centrifuge tube of 0.5mL, and the stock solution can be preserved for a long time at the temperature of minus 20 ℃.

TABLE 1910000 XCHIR 99021 stock solutions (0.996mL)

10000 XCHIR 99021 stock solution is prepared and then subpackaged by a sterile centrifuge tube of 0.5mL, and the stock solution can be preserved for a long time at the temperature of 20 ℃ below zero.

7. Cell cryopreservation liquid

The specific formulation of the cell culture medium is shown in Table 20.

TABLE 20 cell cryopreservation solution

The cell frozen stock solution is prepared for use at present.

In table 20, the preparation of the 1% methylcellulose solution is shown in table 21.

TABLE 211% methylcellulose solution (10mL)

The 1% methyl cellulose solution can be stored for a long time at 4 ℃ after being prepared.

8. 1% CYTOP solution

TABLE 221% CYTOP solution (100mL)

After the 1% CYTOP solution is prepared, the product can be stored for a long time at normal temperature.

Example 2 obtaining of post-operation/biopsy puncture specimen for brain tumor solid tumor

1. In cooperation with the Hospital, the cooperative development passed a formal medical ethical examination.

2. The attending physician selects patients to be grouped according to clinical indications specified by medical guidelines and selects appropriate samples for in vitro culture according to the clinical indications in surgery, the selection criteria of the samples are as follows: primary brain tumor, the pathological type is glioma, meningioma, the sample weight of the brain tumor exceeds 20 mg.

3. The primary physician provides basic clinical information such as sex, age, medical history, family history, smoking history, pathological staging, clinical diagnosis, etc. of the patient. The name, the identification card number and other information of the patient related to the privacy of the patient are hidden and replaced by a uniform experiment number, and the naming principle of the experiment number is eight-digit numerical date of the collected sample plus four digits after the patient is hospitalized. For example, if the sample is provided on 1/2018, the hospitalization number of the patient is T001512765, and the sample experiment number is 201801012765.

4. During the operation, fresh specimens are collected by the surgeon in a sterile environment in the operating room and placed in a previously prepared specimen preservation solution (see example 1). The samples were kept temporarily on ice after being isolated and transported to the laboratory within two hours for further processing.

Example 3 pretreatment of brain tumor solid tumor tissue sample dissociation

The following operations required working on ice and the entire procedure required completion within 10 minutes.

The surgical instruments used in the following operations all need to be sterilized in advance at high temperature and high pressure and can be used after being dried.

1. The samples were weighed.

2. The sample surface was rinsed with 75% (volume percent) ethanol for 10 to 30 seconds.

3. The samples were washed 5 times with sample wash and 5 times with sterile PBS solution.

4. The fat tissue, connective tissue and necrotic tissue in the sample are carefully stripped off with the aid of an ophthalmic scissors, an ophthalmic forceps, a scalpel and the like.

Example 4 brain tumor solid tumor tissue sample dissociation

The surgical instruments used in the following examples were sterilized at high temperature and high pressure in advance and dried before use.

1. Cutting the tissue into pieces of 1mm by using an ophthalmic scissors³The left and right small blocks.

2. The minced tissue samples were treated with a sample dissociation solution preheated at 37 ℃ in advance at a dose of 0.1mL of the sample dissociation solution (see example 1) per mg of tissue, and dissociation was carried out at 37 ℃ for 15 minutes to 3 hours. The dissociation of the samples was observed under the microscope every 15 minutes until a large number of single cells were observed.

3. The dissociation reaction was stopped with 10 volumes of a digestion stop solution (see example 1) and the cell suspension was collected.

4. The cell suspension was filtered through a 100 μm sterile cell strainer to remove tissue debris and adherent cells.

5. 800g were centrifuged at room temperature for 10 minutes and the supernatant discarded.

6. The cells were resuspended in 5mL sterile PBS, centrifuged at 800g for 10 minutes at room temperature, and the supernatant discarded.

7. The cell pellet was resuspended in brain tumor solid tumor primary cell culture medium (see example 1), and the cell status was observed under a microscope for cell counting.

As shown in FIG. 1, the dissociated single cell suspension contains a large amount of various types of cells, such as erythrocytes, lymphocytes, and fibroblasts, in addition to tumor cells. One of the advantages of the method is that in the subsequent culture process, only cancer cells can be greatly amplified, and the proportion of other cells is gradually reduced or even disappears, so that the brain tumor solid tumor primary tumor cells with higher purity are finally obtained.

Example 5 brain tumor solid tumor Primary cell culture

1. Using low-adsorption surface (low-adsorption-surface) to make suspension culture of brain tumor solid tumor primary cells,the used culture medium was the brain tumor solid tumor primary cell culture medium of example 1 (wherein the final concentration of human recombinant protein bFGF was 30ng/mL, the final concentration of human recombinant protein HGF was 20ng/mL, the final concentration of human recombinant protein MSP was 20ng/mL, the final concentration of human recombinant protein VEGF was 40ng/mL, the final concentration of human recombinant protein BDNF was 100ng/mL, the final concentration of A83-01 was 1. mu.M, the final concentration of N-acetyl-L-cysteine was 1mM, the final concentration of SB431542 was 2. mu.M, the final concentration of Y-27632 was 10. mu.M, and the final concentration of CHIR99021 was 4. mu.M), and a six-well plate was used as an example, with 10 μ M per well⁶Individual cells were plated at 37 ℃ in density with 5% CO₂The culture was carried out in a cell culture incubator under the conditions.

2. The cell status was observed every day, and the medium was changed every 3 days until the cells formed clumps of about 100 μm in diameter.

As shown in figure 2, after 3-10 days of culture, the tumor cells are greatly expanded to form cell masses with the diameter of 100 μm, and the total number of the tumor cells can exceed 10⁷The number of other types of cells is significantly reduced or even eliminated. Through a large number of sample tests, the success rate of the in vitro culture of the primary tumor cells of the brain tumor solid tumor can reach 70 percent.

Example 6 passaging of Primary cells of solid tumor of brain tumor

1. The cell pellet was collected from the dish, centrifuged at 800g at room temperature for 10 minutes, and the supernatant was discarded.

2. The cell pellet was washed with sterile PBS solution, centrifuged at 800g at room temperature for 10 minutes, and the supernatant was discarded.

3. The cell pellet was resuspended in cell digest (see example 1) and digested at 37 ℃. The digestion of the cell pellet was observed under a microscope every 5 minutes until the cell pellet was digested into single cells.

4. The dissociation reaction was stopped with 10 volumes of a digestion stop solution (see example 1) and the cell suspension was collected.

6. Resuspend the cell pellet with brain tumor solid tumor primary cell culture medium (see example 1) and count the cells.

7. Culturing the primary brain tumor solid tumor cells by using a low-adsorption surface (low-adsorption-surface), wherein the culture medium is the culture medium of the primary brain tumor solid tumor cells in example 1, and the culture medium is a six-well plate, and each well is 10⁶Individual cells were plated at 37 ℃ in density with 5% CO₂The culture was carried out in a cell culture incubator under the conditions.

Example 7 cryopreservation of brain tumor solid tumor Primary cells

After the primary cells of the brain tumor solid tumor cultured in suspension are subjected to passage amplification for 2-3 times, the cells can be frozen:

3. The cell pellet was resuspended in cell digest (see example 1) and digested at 37 ℃. The digestion of the cell pellet was observed under a microscope every 15 minutes until the cell pellet was digested into single cells.

4. The dissociation reaction was stopped with 10 volumes of digestion stop solution (see example 1), and the cell suspension was collected and counted.

6. Cell cryopreservation (see example 1) at 10⁶Resuspending the cell sediment at a density of/mL, freezing 1mL of cell suspension in each tube of a 2mL freezing tube, freezing overnight by using a gradient cooling box, and transferring the cell sediment into liquid nitrogen for long-term storage.

Example 8 recovery of brain tumor solid tumor Primary cells

The brain tumor solid tumor primary cells preserved in liquid nitrogen can be recovered:

1. sterile water at 37 ℃ was prepared five minutes in advance.

2. The vial was removed from the liquid nitrogen and the cells were rapidly thawed in sterile water at 37 ℃.

3. 800g were centrifuged at room temperature for 10 minutes and the supernatant discarded.

4. Resuspending cell pellets with brain tumor solid tumor Primary cell Medium (see example 1)Culturing primary brain tumor solid tumor cells with low adsorption surface, recovering each cell tube to 3.5cm culture dish, 37 deg.C, and 5% CO₂The culture was carried out in a cell culture incubator under the conditions.

Example 9 HE staining identification of brain tumor solid tumor Primary cells

The reagent consumables used in the following examples are illustrated:

HE staining kit (beijing solibao biotechnology limited, # G1120);

cation anticreep slide (Beijing China fir Jinqiao Biotech limited);

xylene, methanol, acetone (Beijing chemical reagent company, analytical pure);

neutral resin adhesive (fine chemicals, GmbH, Beijing).

1. Suspension cells were made to a concentration of 10⁴And dripping 10 mu L of cell suspension on the cation anti-falling glass slide, and naturally drying.

2. 50 μ L of a methanol/acetone mixture (volume ratio 1:1) pre-cooled at 4 ℃ was carefully added dropwise to the air-dried cells, and then the slide was fixed in a refrigerator at 4 ℃ for 10 mins.

3. And taking out the cell-fixed slide, and naturally drying at room temperature.

4. Slides were washed twice with 200 μ L PBS.

5. When the water on the slide is slightly dry, 100 mu L of hematoxylin staining solution is added for staining for 1 mins.

6. The hematoxylin stain was aspirated and the slides were washed 3 times with 200 μ L of tap water.

7. 100 mu L of differentiation solution is added dropwise for differentiation for 1 mins.

8. The differentiation medium was aspirated off, and the slides were washed sequentially 2 times with tap water and 1 time with distilled water.

9. The water on the surface of the slide is sucked off, and 200 mu L of eosin dye solution is dripped to stain the slide for 40 s.

10. Absorbing eosin dye solution, rinsing and dehydrating with 75%, 80%, 90% and 100% ethanol for 20s, 40s and 40 s.

11. After the ethanol was dried, 50. mu.L of xylene was added dropwise for cell permeation.

12. After xylene is completely dried, a drop of neutral resin adhesive is added dropwise, and the piece is mounted by a cover glass, observed under a microscope and photographed.

FIG. 3 shows the HE staining effect of primary tumor cells of brain tumors obtained by in vitro culture, and it can be seen that these cells generally have the characteristics of tumor cells such as high nuclear-mass ratio, deep nuclear staining, chromatin condensation in nuclei, multinuclear, and uneven cell size.

Example 10 immunohistochemical staining identification of brain tumor solid tumor Primary cells

The reagents used in the following examples are illustrative:

paraformaldehyde (Beijing chemical reagent company, analytical pure) was dissolved in ultrapure water to prepare a 4% (4g/100mL) paraformaldehyde solution;

hydrogen peroxide (beijing chemicals, 35%);

blocking with normal goat serum (Solarbio, SL 038);

immunohistochemical primary anti-antibodies (Abcam, ab 7260);

immunohistochemical secondary antibodies (Abcam, ab 205719);

EDTA repair solution (Abcam, ab 93684);

DAB color-developing liquid (

DAB Substrate Kit，8059S)

The brain tumor solid tumor cell mass obtained by culturing the brain tumor solid tumor cell mass of example 1 (wherein the final concentration of human recombinant protein bFGF is 30ng/mL, the final concentration of human recombinant protein HGF is 20ng/mL, the final concentration of human recombinant protein MSP is 20ng/mL, the final concentration of human recombinant protein VEGF is 40ng/mL, the final concentration of human recombinant protein BDNF is 100ng/mL, the final concentration of A83-01 is 1. mu.M, the final concentration of N-acetyl-L-cysteine is 1mM, the final concentration of SB431542 is 2. mu.M, the final concentration of Y-27632 is 10. mu.M, and the final concentration of CHIR 02199 is 4. mu.M) was collected and paraffin sections were taken, and the cells of primary glioblastoma were characterized by GFAP antibody according to the following procedure.

1. The slices were sequentially immersed in xylene I for 10min and xylene II (10 min).

2. Soaking in anhydrous ethanol I (5min) -anhydrous ethanol II (5min) -95% ethanol (5min) -80% ethanol (5min) -70% ethanol (5min), and washing with deionized water for 2 times, each for 2 min.

3. The tissue slices were placed in a repair box, and then a suitable amount of diluted EDTA repair solution (pH 9.0) was added, the surface of the solution being submerged in the tissue.

4. Microwave medium-grade repair for 10min (time is started when liquid boils), during which time no tissue dry-slices are allowed.

5. The repairing box is taken out of the microwave oven, naturally cooled and cooled, when the repairing liquid is cooled to room temperature, the slide is taken out, and the PBS (pH 7.4) is washed for 3 times and 3min each time (the tissue is not washed against the tissue during the washing process so as to avoid breaking the tissue).

6. Prepared 3% hydrogen peroxide (30% hydrogen peroxide diluted with deionized water) was added dropwise to the sliced tissue to block endogenous peroxidase, incubated at room temperature for 15min, and washed 3 times with PBS, 3min each.

7. The PBS was blotted on absorbent paper, 10% goat serum (from the same or similar source as the secondary antibody species) was added dropwise to the slide, and the slide was blocked at 37 ℃ for 60 min.

8. The liquid surrounding the slide tissue was wiped dry with absorbent paper, a circle was drawn around the tissue with an oil pen, then diluted primary antibody was added dropwise and incubated overnight in a wet box at 4 ℃.

And 9, washing the slices with PBS for 3 times, each time for 3min, wiping the slices with absorbent paper, dripping horseradish peroxidase-labeled secondary antibody, and incubating at room temperature for 60 min.

And (10) washing the slices with PBS for 3 times, 3min each time, throwing away PBS liquid, wiping the slices with absorbent paper, dripping a freshly prepared DAB color developing solution into each slice, observing under a microscope, and washing the slices with tap water after positive signals to stop color development.

11. And (3) performing hematoxylin counterstaining for 1min, washing with water, then differentiating with an acidic ethanol differentiation solution, and washing with tap water to turn blue.

12. Placing the slices into water for washing, and then sequentially placing the slices into: dehydrating 70% ethanol-80% ethanol-90% ethanol-95% ethanol-absolute ethanol I-absolute ethanol II-xylene I-xylene II, standing each reagent for 2min, and air drying in a fume hood.

13. The slides were mounted using neutral gum and covered with a coverslip. Placing in a fume hood for air drying.

14. The dried sections can be viewed under a microscope or photographed.

FIG. 4 shows the effect of immunohistochemical staining of primary tumor cell masses of brain tumor solid tumors cultured in vitro, and it can be seen that the cells constituting the cell masses are all GFAP positive, consistent with the pathological results of patients, confirming that the tumor cells cultured by the method have higher purity.

Example 11 in vitro culture of Primary cells of solid tumors of different types of pathological brain tumors

The procedures of all primary culture procedures of the samples in this example are completely identical (see the above description), and only the pathological types of the samples are different. The samples tested are shown in Table 23.

TABLE 23 in vitro culture of primary tumor cells of various pathological brain tumors

It can be seen that the method can achieve very high success rate for the primary tumor cell in vitro culture of various brain tumor solid tumor samples.

Example 12 brain tumor solid tumor Primary tumor cell culture with CYTOP-modified cell culture consumables

In this example, the procedures of all primary cultures were identical (see the above description), the CYTOP modification method was identical, and only the materials of the cell culture consumables were different (table 24).

The CYTOP modification method comprises the following steps: firstly, pure oxygen etching is carried out on the cell culture container, the etching condition is 20W, and the etching time is 3 minutes. Then, the surface of the culture dish or the culture plate is covered with an appropriate amount of 1% CYTOP solution (taking a 96-well plate as an example, 20 mu L of each well, and the appropriate amount refers to the condition of completely covering the bottom of the culture dish), and the CYTOP solution can be used after being completely dried.

TABLE 24 Effect of CYTOP modified consumables on brain tumor solid tumor Primary tumor cell culture

Note: polystyrene (Polystyrene, abbreviated PS).

As can be seen from table 24: it can be seen that the success rate of sample culture can be greatly improved after CYTOP modification.

Example 13 microplate chip processing

In this example, a method of injection molding is used, and a PMMA material (or PS, PC, COC, COP, LAS, etc.) is used to process a microplate chip for culturing the primary cells of brain tumor solid tumors of the present invention. The chip can be used for primary brain tumor cell culture and in-vitro drug sensitivity detection experiments. The microplate chip design is shown in FIG. 5.

In the practical application process, the structure of the microplate chip shown in fig. 5 in the design drawing is prepared by adopting a PMMA material (or materials such as PS, PC, COC, COP, LAS, etc.), and then the surface of the microplate chip is subjected to CYTOP modification by the CYTOP modification method (see example 11), so that the microplate chip for culturing primary cells of brain tumor solid tumors is obtained.

Claims

1. A culture medium for culturing primary cells of a solid tumor of the brain, characterized in that: the culture medium consists of three antibacterial antifungal agents, HEPES, GlutaMax, human recombinant protein bFGF, human recombinant protein HGF, human recombinant protein MSP, human recombinant protein VEGF, human recombinant protein BDNF, A83-01, N-acetyl-L-cysteine, N-2Supplement, SB431542, Y-27632, CHIR99021 and Advanced DMEM/F12 culture medium; wherein the final concentration of penicillin in the three-antibody of the antibacterial antifungal agent is 100-200U/mL; the final concentration of streptomycin in the three-antibody of the antibacterial antifungal agent is 100-; the final concentration of amphotericin B in the three-antibody of the antibacterial antifungal agent is 250 ng/mL; the final concentration of the HEPES is 8-12 mM; the final concentration of the GlutaMax is 0.8-1.2% (volume percentage); the final concentration of the human recombinant protein bFGF is 10-50 ng/mL; the final concentration of the human recombinant protein HGF is 5-25 ng/mL; the final concentration of the human recombinant protein MSP is 5-25 ng/mL; the final concentration of the human recombinant protein VEGF is 10-50 ng/mL; the final concentration of the human recombinant protein BDNF is 50-200 ng/mL; the final concentration of the A83-01 is 0.25-1.25 mu M; the final concentration of the N-acetyl-L-cysteine is 0.5-2 mM; the final concentration of the N-2Supplement is 1 percent (volume percentage); the final concentration of the SB431542 is 1-5 μ M; the final concentration of the Y-27632 is 5-20 mu M; the final concentration of the CHIR99021 is 1-5 mu M; the balance is Advanced DMEM/F12 medium.

2. The culture medium according to claim 1, wherein: the culture medium is a solution containing the antimicrobial antifungal agent triantion, the HEPES, the GlutaMax, the human recombinant protein bFGF, the human recombinant protein HGF, the human recombinant protein MSP, the human recombinant protein VEGF, the human recombinant protein BDNF, the A83-01, the N-acetyl-L-cysteine, the N-2Supplement, the SB431542, the Y-27632, the CHIR99021 and the Advanced DMEM/F12 culture medium.

3. The culture medium according to claim 1, wherein: the components of the medium are present separately.

4. The culture medium of claim 3, wherein: the human recombinant protein bFGF, the human recombinant protein HGF, the human recombinant protein MSP, the human recombinant protein VEGF, the human recombinant protein BDNF, the A83-01, the N-acetyl-L-cysteine, the Y-27632, the SB431542, and the CHIR99021 are present in stock solution;

specifically, the mother liquor is 1000-100000 times of mother liquor;

the stock solution of 1000 multiplied human recombinant protein bFGF consists of human recombinant protein bFGF, BSA and PBS, wherein the final concentration of the human recombinant protein bFGF is 20 mu g/mL, the final concentration of the BSA is 0.01g/mL, and the balance is PBS;

the 1000 Xhuman recombinant protein HGF stock solution consists of human recombinant proteins HGF, BSA and PBS, wherein the final concentration of the human recombinant protein HGF is 20 mu g/mL, the final concentration of the BSA is 0.01g/mL, and the balance is PBS;

the 1000 Xhuman recombinant protein MSP stock solution consists of human recombinant protein MSP, BSA and PBS, wherein the final concentration of the human recombinant protein MSP is 20 mu g/mL, the final concentration of the BSA is 0.01g/mL, and the balance is PBS;

the 1000 Xhuman recombinant protein VEGF stock solution consists of human recombinant protein VEGF, BSA and PBS, wherein the final concentration of the human recombinant protein VEGF is 20 mu g/mL, the final concentration of the BSA is 0.01g/mL, and the balance is PBS;

the 1000 multiplied human recombinant protein BDNF stock solution consists of human recombinant proteins BDNF, BSA and PBS, wherein the final concentration of the human recombinant protein BDNF is 100 mu g/mL, the final concentration of the BSA is 0.01g/mL, and the balance is PBS;

the 100000 XA 83-01 stock solution consists of A83-01 and DMSO, wherein the concentration of the A83-01 is 25mM, and the balance is DMSO;

the 1000 XN-acetyl-L-cysteine stock solution consists of N-acetyl-L-cysteine and water, wherein the concentration of the N-acetyl-L-cysteine is 0.5M, and the balance is water;

the 1000 XY-27632 stock solution consists of Y-27632 and water, wherein the final concentration of Y-27632 is 10mM, and the balance is water;

10000 times SB431542 stock solution is composed of SB431542 and water, wherein the final concentration of SB431542 is 10mM, and the rest is water;

10000 XCHIR 99021 stock solution consists of CHIR99021 and water, wherein the final concentration of CHIR99021 is 10mM, and the balance is water.

5. The culture medium according to claim 4, wherein: in the stock of 1000 × human recombinant protein bFGF, the stock of 1000 × human recombinant protein HGF, the stock of 1000 × human recombinant protein MSP, the stock of 1000 × human recombinant protein VEGF and the stock of 1000 × human recombinant protein BDNF, the BSA is present in stock;

specifically, the BSA exists in the form of 100 times of mother liquor; 100 × BSA solution consisted of BSA and PBS; wherein the final concentration of BSA was 0.1g/mL, and the balance was PBS.

6. A kit for culturing primary cells of a solid tumor of the brain, comprising the culture medium of any one of claims 1-5 and at least one of the following reagents: the digestion stopping solution and the cell culture solution according to claim 9.

7. Use of the culture medium of any one of claims 1-5 or the kit of claim 6 for culturing primary cells of a solid tumor of the brain.

8. A method for culturing primary cells of brain tumor solid tumor comprises the following steps: using a culture vessel with a low adsorption surface, suspension culturing the brain tumor solid tumor primary cells with the culture medium at 37 ℃ and 5% CO₂Culturing under the condition, and replacing the culture medium every 2-4 days.

9. The method of claim 8, wherein: the method further comprises the steps of: when the brain tumor solid tumor primary cells form a mass with the diameter of 80-120 mu m, carrying out passage on the brain tumor solid tumor primary cells;

specifically, the digestion stop solution adopted during the passage consists of fetal calf serum, double-antibody P/S and DMEM culture medium; wherein the final concentration of the fetal calf serum is 8-12%; the final concentration of penicillin in the double-resistant P/S is 100-200U/mL; the final concentration of streptomycin in the double-antibody P/S is 100-200 mug/mL; the rest is DMEM culture medium;

and/or

The method also comprises the step of performing cryopreservation and/or resuscitation on the brain tumor solid tumor primary cells after passage expansion for 2-3 times;

specifically, the cell cryopreservation solution adopted in the cryopreservation process consists of an Advanced DMEM/F12 culture medium, DMSO and a 1% methylcellulose solution; wherein the volume ratio of the Advanced DMEM/F12 culture medium to the DMSO to the 1% methylcellulose solution is 20:2 (0.8-1.2); the 1% methylcellulose solution is an aqueous solution of methylcellulose having a concentration of 1g/100 ml.

10. A medium or kit of parts or a use or method according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein: the brain tumor is glioblastoma, oligodendroastrocytoma, degenerative oligoastrocytoma, oligodendroglioma or meningioma.