CN112760242A - Oil-producing saccharomycete for co-producing grease and gluconic acid and application thereof - Google Patents

Oil-producing saccharomycete for co-producing grease and gluconic acid and application thereof Download PDF

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CN112760242A
CN112760242A CN202011279006.9A CN202011279006A CN112760242A CN 112760242 A CN112760242 A CN 112760242A CN 202011279006 A CN202011279006 A CN 202011279006A CN 112760242 A CN112760242 A CN 112760242A
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信丰学
章文明
钱秀娟
周大伟
董维亮
周杰
姜岷
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Nanjing Tech University
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12PFERMENTATION OR ENZYME-USING PROCESSES TO SYNTHESISE A DESIRED CHEMICAL COMPOUND OR COMPOSITION OR TO SEPARATE OPTICAL ISOMERS FROM A RACEMIC MIXTURE
    • C12P7/00Preparation of oxygen-containing organic compounds
    • C12P7/40Preparation of oxygen-containing organic compounds containing a carboxyl group including Peroxycarboxylic acids
    • C12P7/58Aldonic, ketoaldonic or saccharic acids
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    • C12BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12PFERMENTATION OR ENZYME-USING PROCESSES TO SYNTHESISE A DESIRED CHEMICAL COMPOUND OR COMPOSITION OR TO SEPARATE OPTICAL ISOMERS FROM A RACEMIC MIXTURE
    • C12P7/00Preparation of oxygen-containing organic compounds
    • C12P7/64Fats; Fatty oils; Ester-type waxes; Higher fatty acids, i.e. having at least seven carbon atoms in an unbroken chain bound to a carboxyl group; Oxidised oils or fats
    • C12P7/6436Fatty acid esters
    • C12P7/6445Glycerides
    • C12P7/6463Glycerides obtained from glyceride producing microorganisms, e.g. single cell oil

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Abstract

The invention relates to an oil-producing yeast for co-producing grease and gluconic acid and application thereof, wherein the oil-producing yeast is named by classificationCryptococcus podzolicusOY-1 with the preservation number of CCTCC M2020732. The invention also provides application of the oil-producing saccharomycete in producing microbial oil and gluconic acid, and realizes high-efficiency co-production of intracellular oil and extracellular gluconic acid by optimizing strategies such as glucose concentration, dissolved oxygen level, fermentation time and the like, so that the economy of an oil synthesis system is improved. The obtained fatty acid composition of the grease is similar to that of olive oil, thereby providing high-quality energy for feed production and relieving the huge demand pressure of the feed production on grains.

Description

Oil-producing saccharomycete for co-producing grease and gluconic acid and application thereof
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of biological fermentation, and particularly relates to an oil-producing yeast for co-producing grease and gluconic acid and application thereof.
Background
Microbial oil refers to glyceride synthesized by oil microorganisms under certain conditions and stored in the body, and the fatty acid composition of the glyceride is similar to that of general vegetable oil, mainly comprises palmitic acid, stearic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid and the like, and also contains a trace amount of functional oil such as gamma-linolenic acid, arachidonic acid, eicosapentaenoic acid and the like. Therefore, microbial oils can be used as a substitute for feed oils.
Gluconic acid (C)6H12O7) Is saccharic acid generated by oxidizing aldehyde group of glucose, and is widely applied to industries such as medicine, food, chemical industry, building and the like. In the pharmaceutical industry, gluconic acid and metal ions such as calcium, zinc, iron and the like form soluble salts, such as calcium gluconate, zinc gluconate, ferrous gluconate, and can be used as nutritional agents and medicaments. In the food industry, gluconic acid can be used as a food additive to enhance the sour taste of white wine, fruit juice and other products, and gluconolactone can be used as a protein coagulant, a stabilizer, an acidulant, an antistaling agent and a preservative. The gluconic acid also has important application value in feed production, improves the acid binding force of the feed, proliferates beneficial bacteria and inhibits harmful bacteria by reducing the pH value of the intestinal tract, and the low pH value can promote the intestinal tract to wriggle and improve the utilization rate of nutrient substances.
Compared with other oleaginous microorganisms, the oleaginous yeast has the advantages of simple culture, large biomass, high oil content, wide substrate utilization spectrum, strong adaptability in industrialization and the like. Therefore, oleaginous yeast becomes a research hotspot for microbial oil production.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an oil-producing yeast strain for co-producing grease and gluconic acid.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
oil-producing saccharomycete for co-producing grease and gluconic acid, which is classified and named cryptococcus (A) (Cryptococcus podzolicus) OY-1 with the preservation number of CCTCC M2020732.
The invention also aims to provide the application of the oil-producing yeast in producing microbial oil and gluconic acid. Inoculating the oleaginous yeast to a YM solid culture medium for culture, activating the strain, inoculating a single colony to a seed culture medium for two-generation seed culture, and inoculating a seed solution obtained by the seed culture to a fermentation culture medium for culture to obtain microbial oil and a gluconic acid product.
Further, the seed culture medium and the fermentation culture medium are MM culture media, and the components are as follows: glucose 50 g/L, KH2PO4 8.99g/L,Na2HPO4·2H2O 0. 12 g/L,sodium citrate·2H2O0.1 g/L, yeast powder 0.1 g/L, MgSO4·7H2O 0.2 g/L、(NH4)2SO44.72 g/L, and additionally supplementing 2 percent of salt solution and 2 percent of trace element solution by volume percentage;
the salt solution component is 20 g/L MgSO4·7 H2O, 10 g/L yeast powder;
the trace element solution comprises 4 g/L CaCl2·2H2O、0.55 g/L FeSO4·7H2O, 0.475 g/L citric acid, 0.1 g/L ZnSO4·7H2O、0.076 g/L MnSO4·H2O、100 μL/L H2SO4 (96 %)。
Further, the temperature for activating the strain is 20 ℃, and the time is 2-3 days.
Further, the two-generation seed culture mode is as follows:
1) first-generation seed culture: taking a single colony from the YM solid culture medium, and inoculating the single colony to a seed culture medium for constant-temperature culture;
2) culturing second-generation seeds: taking culture solution for first generation seed culture according to initial OD600Inoculating 0.5-1.0 of the strain in a new seed culture medium, and culturing at constant temperature under the same conditions as the step 1) to obtain the strain for fermentation cultureSeed liquid.
Further, the constant temperature culture condition is 20 ℃, and the culture is carried out for 24 hours at 200 rpm.
Further, the fermentation culture conditions are fermentation at 20 ℃ for 8-10 days, 600-1000 rpm and 1 vvm.
Further, during fermentation culture, glucose was supplemented to a concentration of 90 or 150 g/L every day from the next day, and 2% of a salt solution and 2% of trace elements were simultaneously supplemented in terms of volume percentage.
Further, after the fermentation liquor is centrifuged, yeast fermentation supernatant containing gluconic acid is obtained, and the obtained yeast thallus is quickly frozen by liquid nitrogen and is placed in a fermentation tank for freeze drying until the weight is constant, so that a microbial oil product is obtained.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and effects:
the invention provides an oil-producing yeast strain for co-producing grease and gluconic acid and application thereof. According to the product obtained by the strain fermentation, the content of microbial oil is 36-52%, the yield of gluconic acid is 9-20 g/L, and the composition of the obtained oil fatty acid is similar to that of olive oil, so that a new oil source and a nutrient element gluconic acid are provided for feed production, the quality of feed processing is improved, and the huge demand pressure of the feed production on grains is relieved.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to examples, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto. Furthermore, the examples are described only to illustrate the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the invention as detailed in the claims.
The biological material is classified and named Cryptococcus nodulis OY-1, is preserved in China Center for Type Culture Collection (CCTCC) in 11 months and 12 days in 2020, has a preservation number of CCTCC M2020732, and has an address of: wuhan, Wuhan university.
The media used in the examples are as follows:
YM medium: 10 g/L of glucose, 5g/L of peptone, 3 g/L of yeast powder, 3 g/L of malt extract and the balance of water; 20 g/L of agar powder is additionally added into the YM solid culture medium. The preparation method comprises the following steps: weighing glucose 1g, peptone 0.5 g, yeast powder 0.3 g, and malt extract 0.3 g, dissolving in 100 mL distilled water, adding 5M NaOH and 5M H3PO4The pH was adjusted to 6.2. + -. 0.2. Adding 2 g agar powder into YM solid culture medium, shaking, and sterilizing at 115 deg.C for 20 min.
The seed culture medium and the fermentation culture medium are MM culture media:
glucose 50 g/L, KH2PO4 8.99g/L、Na2HPO4·2H2O 0. 12 g/L,sodium citrate·2H2O0.1 g/L, yeast powder 0.1 g/L, MgSO4·7H2O 0.2 g/L,(NH4)2SO44.72 g/L, and is supplemented with 2 percent by volume of salt solution and 2 percent by volume of trace elements.
The salt solution component is 20 g/L MgSO4·7 H2O, 10 g/L yeast powder;
the trace element solution comprises 4 g/L CaCl2·2H2O、0.55 g/L FeSO4·7H2O, 0.475 g/L citric acid, 0.1 g/L ZnSO4·7H2O、0.076 g/L MnSO4·H2O、100 μL/L H2SO4 (96 %)。
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
glucose mother liquor: weighing 500g of glucose, dissolving in a certain amount of distilled water, diluting to 1L, and sterilizing at 115 deg.C for 20 min;
main culture medium: weighing 8.99 g KH2PO4、 0.12 g Na2HPO4·2 H2O was dissolved in 1L of distilled water, the pH was checked, and the pH was adjusted to 5 using phosphoric acid or sodium hydroxide solution, if necessary. Weighing 0.1 g sodium citrate dihydrate, 0.1 g yeast powder, 0.2 g MgSO4·7H2O, and 4.72 g (NH)4)2SO4Dissolving in waterDissolving in phosphate buffer prepared before, and sterilizing at 121 deg.C for 15 min;
salt solution: 2 g of MgSO are weighed out4·7 H2Dissolving O and 1g yeast powder in 100 mL distilled water, and sterilizing at 121 ℃ for 15 min;
solution of trace elements: weighing 4 g of CaCl2·2H2O,0.55 g FeSO4·7H2O, 0.475 g citric acid, 0.1 g ZnSO4·7H2O, 0.076 g MnSO4·H2O, 100 μL H2SO4(96%), dissolved in 1L of deionized water, and filter sterilized.
The inorganic salt culture medium is prepared by mixing 10% of glucose mother liquor, 86% of main culture medium, 2% of salt solution and 2% of trace elements by volume.
In the examples, the determination method of the contents of microbial oil and gluconic acid is as follows:
microbial oil: obtaining a fatty acid methyl ester sample for gas phase detection by adopting a one-step extraction and transesterification method, weighing about 20 mg of freeze-dried yeast in S5, placing the yeast in a 15 mL glass tube, adding 1.5 mL of n-hexane and 0.5 mL of n-hexane containing 2 mg/mL of methyl benzoate for oil extraction, and then adding 2 mL of n-hexane containing 15% of H2SO4The methanol is used for transesterification of the grease, the mixed sample is vibrated and heated to 100 ℃, kept for 2 hours and then taken out and put on ice for cooling. And then adding 1 mL of deionized water, centrifuging the fully mixed sample at 4000 rpm for 5min, detecting the fatty acid composition by using the upper layer liquid in a gas phase, and finally calculating the ratio of the weight of the oil to the weight of the dry yeast, namely the oil content (%) of the yeast.
The detection conditions of the fatty acid methyl ester are as follows: the high performance gas chromatography was configured with a capillary column DBWAx column (Length: 30m, dia: 0.25mm, film: 0.25 μm; Agilent Technologies Deutschland GmbH, baby, Germany; 122. sup. 7032), a flame ionization detector (FID, Agilent 6890 GC), operating at a pressure of 1.083 bar. Nitrogen was used as a carrier gas at a flow rate of 1 mL/min. The temperature program of the gas chromatography is as follows: the injection port temperature was 250 deg.C, the column temperature was increased from 40 deg.C to 250 deg.C at a rate of 8 deg.C/min, maintained at 250 deg.C for 10 min, and then decreased back to 40 deg.C. The fatty acid methyl ester standard was RM3 FAME Mix (Sigma Aldrich, Taufkirchen, Germany; 07256-1 AMP), which was prepared as a 10 mg/L GC standard solution in n-hexane and assayed by the same procedure. Fatty acids with a content of less than 1% are classified as trace fatty acids.
The detection conditions of the gluconic acid are as follows: high performance liquid chromatography (Agilent 1100) with HPLC column of 150 × 4.6 mM at 30 deg.C and mobile phase A of 20 mM KH2PO4(pH 2.5), B100% methanol, gradient elution procedure: and (3) 100% of the mobile phase A in 0-0.5 min, increasing the mobile phase B from 0 to 10% in 0.5-10 min, and reducing the mobile phase B from 10% to 0 in 10-12 min, wherein 100% of the mobile phase A is 12-14 min. The flow rate is 1 mL/min, 10 mu L of sample is used for detection, and the ultraviolet absorbance is 220 nm.
EXAMPLE 1 screening of Cryptococcus OY-1
The method comprises the steps of utilizing soil taken from Nanjing old mountain forest park to carry out microbial resuspension, scribing on YM plates containing ampicillin organisms, carrying out culture and separation at 20 ℃ to obtain yeast single colonies, transferring the colonies from agar plates to filter paper, drying at 60 ℃ for 15min, dyeing for 20 min by 0.08% Sudan black B, and washing twice by 96% ethanol solution, wherein the bacterial colonies of the strain rich in grease can be dyed into blue. Separating and purifying to obtain the oleaginous yeast. And (3) performing fermentation measurement on 6 strains of yeast with high oil yield to obtain the yeast strain OY-1 capable of co-producing oil and gluconic acid.
Example 2 application of oleaginous yeast in co-production of grease and gluconic acid
Inoculating cryptococcus laurentii OY-1 to YM solid culture medium, culturing at 20 deg.C for 2-3 days, and storing at 4 deg.C;
taking a ring of YM solid medium activated seeds preserved at 4 ℃ to be cultured in a triangular flask containing 20 mL of seed medium, and culturing for 24 h in a constant temperature shaking table at 20 ℃ and 200 rpm to obtain a first-generation seed solution;
taking a generation of seed liquid according to the initial OD600Inoculating the seed into a triangular flask containing 100 mL of seed culture medium at the temperature of 20 ℃ and in a constant-temperature shaking table at 200 rpm for 24 hours to obtain a second-generation seed solution, wherein the volume of the seed solution is 0.5-1.0;
taking the second generation seed liquid according to the initial OD600Is inoculated to 0.5-1.02.5L of fermentation medium in a 5L fermenter, 20 ℃, 600 rpm, 1 vvm. And (3) supplementing glucose to the concentration of 90 g/L every day from the next day of fermentation, supplementing a salt solution with the volume ratio of 2% and trace elements with the volume ratio of 2%, and culturing for 5-8 days to obtain fermentation liquor.
Centrifuging the fermentation liquor at 5000 rpm for 5min to obtain yeast fermentation supernatant rich in gluconic acid; and (3) quickly freezing the obtained yeast cell by using liquid nitrogen, and freeze-drying the yeast cell to constant weight at the temperature of-40 ℃ and under the condition of 0.370 mbar to obtain a microbial oil product with rich oil content.
Examples 3 to 5 study on simultaneous production of microbial oil and glucose acid by the oleaginous yeast OY-1 under different fermentation conditions using glucose, the results of which are shown in table 1:
TABLE 1 yield of biomass, oil and gluconic acid in different fermentation conditions of oleaginous yeast OY-1
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
Note: example 2: fermenting to supplement glucose to 90 g/L at constant rotation speed of 600 rpm and 1vvm at 20 ℃; example 3: fermenting to supplement glucose concentration to 150 g/L, at constant rotation speed of 600 rpm and 1vvm, at 20 ℃; example 4: fermenting to supplement glucose concentration to 90 g/L, 1vvm, 20 deg.C, and controlling pO by controlling stirring speed2>40%, when the dissolved oxygen level of the fermentation system is less than 40%, automatically controlling the stirring speed, and increasing by 10 r per minute; example 5: fermenting to supplement glucose concentration to 150 g/L, 1vvm, 20 deg.C, and controlling pO by controlling stirring speed2>40 percent, when the dissolved oxygen level of the fermentation system is less than 40 percent, the stirring speed is automatically controlled, and 10 r is increased every minute.
Wherein, pO2>40% means 600 rpm of initial stirring speed, when the dissolved oxygen level of the fermentation system is less than 40%, the stirring speed is automatically controlled, and the stirring speed is increased by 10 r per minute.
Biomass means the dry weight of cells obtained per liter of fermentation broth.
The oil yield refers to the mass of oil contained in each liter of fermentation liquor.
Example 6 analysis of intracellular oil and fat of oleaginous yeast OY-1
The intracellular lipid composition of oleaginous yeast OY-1 was analyzed by high performance gas chromatography, and the results are shown in Table 2:
TABLE 2 intracellular lipid composition of oleaginous yeast OY-1
Composition of fat (%) OY-1 Olive oil Palm oil Soybean oil Corn oil Rapeseed oil Peanut oil
Myristic acid C14:0 Nd Nd 0.92 Nd Nd Nd 0.04
Palmitic acid C16:0 20.0 16.5 36.84 10.6 10.2 4.6 7.5
Stearic acid C18:0 5.5 2.3 4.77 3.8 1.9 1.7 2.1
Oleic acid C18:1 62.9 66.4 44.51 23.1 28.7 63.3 71.1
Linoleic acid C18:2 7.7 16.4 11.12 53.7 57.1 19.6 18.2
Arachidic acid C20:0 0.7 Nd 0.39 0.25 Nd Nd 1.01
Linolenic acid C18:3 2.2 1.6 0.24 5.8 0.9 1.2 Nd
Behenic acid C22:0 1.1 0.43 0.08 Nd 0.4 Nd Nd
Erucic acid C22:1 Nd 0.3 0.16 Nd Nd 9.1 Nd
Xylonic acid C24:0 Nd Nd Nd Nd Nd Nd Nd
Saturated fatty acid 27.3 19.4 0.10 Nd 0.3 Nd Nd
Monounsaturated fatty acid 62.9 68.2 43.81 14.65 12.8 6.3 10.65
Polyunsaturated fatty acids 9.9 18.0 44.83 23.1 28.7 72.4 71.1
The component analysis finds that the oil composition of the oleaginous yeast OY-1 is similar to the components of olive oil, the oleaginous yeast OY-1 contains rich unsaturated fatty acid-oleic acid, and the oil of the oleaginous yeast OY-1 is supplied as the oil material of the feed, so that the feed quality is improved.

Claims (10)

1. The oil-producing saccharomycete for co-producing grease and gluconic acid is characterized by being named in classificationCryptococcus podzolicusOY-1 with the preservation number of CCTCC M2020732.
2. The use of the oleaginous yeast of claim 1 to produce microbial oils and fats and gluconic acid.
3. The use of claim 2, wherein the oleaginous yeast is inoculated to YM solid culture medium for culture, after strain activation, a single colony is inoculated to seed culture medium for two-generation seed culture, and the seed solution is inoculated to fermentation culture medium for fermentation culture to obtain microbial oil and gluconic acid product.
4. The use according to claim 3, wherein the seed medium and the fermentation medium are MM medium, and the composition is as follows: glucose 50 g/L, KH2PO4 8.99g/L,Na2HPO4·2H2O 0. 12 g/L,sodium citrate·2H2O0.1 g/L, yeast powder 0.1 g/L, MgSO4·7H2O 0.2 g/L、(NH4)2SO44.72 g/L, and additionally supplementing 2 percent of salt solution and 2 percent of trace element solution by volume percentage;
the salt solution component is 20 g/L MgSO4·7 H2O, 10 g/L yeast powder;
the trace element solution comprises 4 g/L CaCl2·2H2O、0.55 g/L FeSO4·7H2O, 0.475 g/L citric acid, 0.1 g/L ZnSO4·7H2O、0.076 g/L MnSO4·H2O、100 μL/L H2SO4 (96 %)。
5. The use according to claim 3 or 4, wherein the temperature for activating the bacterial strain is 20 ℃ and the time is 2-3 days.
6. The use according to claim 3 or 4, wherein the two generations of seeds are cultured in such a way that:
1) first-generation seed culture: taking a single colony from the YM solid culture medium, and inoculating the single colony to a seed culture medium for constant-temperature culture;
2) culturing second-generation seeds: taking culture solution for first generation seed culture according to initial OD600Inoculating the seed culture medium to a new seed culture medium for 0.5-1.0, and culturing at constant temperature under the same conditions as the step 1) to obtain a seed solution for fermentation culture.
7. The use according to claim 6, wherein the incubation conditions are 20 ℃ and 200 rpm for 24 h.
8. The use according to claim 3, wherein the conditions of the fermentation culture are fermentation at 20 ℃ for 8-10 days at 600-1000 rpm and 1 vvm.
9. The use according to claim 4, characterized in that during the fermentation culture, glucose is supplemented to a concentration of 90 or 150 g/L every day from the next day, while 2% saline solution and 2% trace elements are supplemented in volume percentage.
10. The application of claim 3, wherein the fermentation broth is centrifuged to obtain a yeast fermentation supernatant containing gluconic acid, the obtained yeast cells are subjected to liquid nitrogen quick freezing, and the yeast cells are placed in a fermentation tank to be freeze-dried to constant weight to obtain the microbial oil product.
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Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106754440A (en) * 2017-01-20 2017-05-31 华南理工大学 A kind of method that utilization oleaginous yeast produces single cell protein and microbial grease simultaneously
CN107988104A (en) * 2017-12-12 2018-05-04 温州大学 The method of the cryptococcus and crude glycerine culture Lipid-producing of one plant of production Unicell Oils and Fats

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106754440A (en) * 2017-01-20 2017-05-31 华南理工大学 A kind of method that utilization oleaginous yeast produces single cell protein and microbial grease simultaneously
CN107988104A (en) * 2017-12-12 2018-05-04 温州大学 The method of the cryptococcus and crude glycerine culture Lipid-producing of one plant of production Unicell Oils and Fats

Non-Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
INES SCHULZE ET AL.,: ""Characterization of newly isolated oleaginous yeasts - Cryptococcus podzolicus, Trichosporon porosum and Pichia segobiensis"", 《AMB EXPRESS》 *
XIUJUAN QIAN ET AL.,: ""Co-production of single cell oil and gluconic acid using oleaginous Cryptococcus podzolicus DSM 2719"", 《BIOTECHNOL BIOFUELS》 *

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