CN112760129A - Oil-gas separation and recovery device and method - Google Patents
Oil-gas separation and recovery device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN112760129A CN112760129A CN201911061988.1A CN201911061988A CN112760129A CN 112760129 A CN112760129 A CN 112760129A CN 201911061988 A CN201911061988 A CN 201911061988A CN 112760129 A CN112760129 A CN 112760129A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G53/00—Treatment of hydrocarbon oils, in the absence of hydrogen, by two or more refining processes
- C10G53/02—Treatment of hydrocarbon oils, in the absence of hydrogen, by two or more refining processes plural serial stages only
Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of petrochemical industry, and particularly discloses a device and a method for separating and recovering oil gas, wherein gasoline, components C4 and components below C4 are separated in advance before light hydrocarbon separation, so that gasoline is not required to be adopted to absorb liquefied gas components in the subsequent flow, the consumption of absorbent circulation is saved, and meanwhile, stream on the top of a light hydrocarbon-light gasoline separation tower is desulfurized, so that the stream does not contain H in the light hydrocarbon separation process2S, the material requirement of a light hydrocarbon separation and recovery system is reduced, and H is reduced2The risk possibly brought by S leakage ensures the safety of the whole process; meanwhile, the invention has simple process flow, mild operation condition and less energy consumption.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of oil refining and chemical engineering, and particularly relates to a device and a method for separating and recovering oil gas, and more particularly relates to a device and a method for separating and recovering oil gas in processes with high gas yield, such as catalytic cracking, delayed coking and the like.
Background
Light hydrocarbon refers to the components of methane, ethane, ethylene, propane, propylene, carbon and the like obtained in the petrochemical process, and the light hydrocarbon separation process is always the key point of attention of the petrochemical process. The existing process with high gas yield such as catalytic cracking, hydrocracking, delayed coking and the like usually adopts absorption stabilization to recover liquefied gas (C3/C4) components to realize liquefied gas components and dry gas (H)2/C1/C2) and stabilizing the gasoline to ensure the qualified vapor pressure of the gasoline.
The absorption stabilizing process mainly comprises four towers: the absorption tower, the reabsorption tower, the desorption tower and the stabilizing tower, wherein the recovery rate of the liquefied gas is controlled by the absorption tower and the reabsorption tower, and the specification of the liquefied gas is ensured by the desorption tower (controlling the content of carbon five) and the stabilizing tower (controlling the content of carbon five). The main characteristic is that under a certain pressure (1.3 MPaG-1.6 MPaG) and normal temperature, most of liquefied gas components and a small amount of carbon dioxide in the rich gas are absorbed, then the light components of carbon, etc. are desorbed under proper conditions, and after cooling, the light components are returned to the absorption tower. Thus, the carbon two and the carbon three are separated by adopting an absorption and desorption method under a mild operation condition, the carbon two and the carbon three are prevented from being separated by adopting a rectification method (the pressure is high, the temperature is low, refrigeration is required), and the investment and the energy consumption are reduced; the cost is that the top gas of the desorption tower contains a certain amount of heavy components such as liquefied gas and the like besides carbon dioxide, and the desorbed gas returns to the absorption tower again, so that the circulation of the components of the liquefied gas between absorption and desorption is caused, and the energy consumption of an absorption stabilizing system is increased.
The prior absorption stabilization process method has the following defects:
(1) the absorption stabilizing system adopts stable gasoline as an absorbent to recover liquefied gas components, the liquefied gas components are absorbed at the normal temperature of 40 ℃, refrigeration is not carried out, and the gasoline circulation amount is large in order to ensure the liquefied gas recovery rate.
(2) Gasoline circulates among the gasoline absorption tower, the desorption tower and the stabilizing tower, the temperature of the bottoms of the ethane desorption tower and the stabilizing tower is higher, the thermal load of a reboiler at the bottom of the tower is larger, and the energy consumption is higher.
(3) The stabilizing tower (debutanizer) is arranged at the tail end, the flow path of the gasoline is long, and the energy consumption is high;
(4) the desulfurization is arranged on a dry gas and liquefied gas product line, and an absorption stabilizing system contains H2S, the requirement on the material is high, and potential safety hazards may exist.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a device and a method for separating and recovering liquefied gas from oil gas, which have simple process flow and mild operation conditions, can realize the high-efficiency separation and recovery of C three and C four components, and does not contain H in the recovery process2S, the material requirement of the light hydrocarbon recovery system is reduced, and the method is safer.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a method for oil-gas separation and recovery, comprising:
(1) first gas-liquid separation: oil gas from an upstream device is condensed and cooled and then sent to a gas-liquid separation tank for gas-liquid separation, a liquid phase at the bottom of the tank is pressurized and sent to a light and heavy gasoline cutting tower, and a gas phase at the top of the tank is pressurized by a compressor and then sent to the light and heavy gasoline cutting tower;
(2) separating light gasoline and heavy gasoline: the material from the gas-liquid separation tank enters a light and heavy gasoline separation tower, the gas phase distilled from the tower top is condensed and enters a tower top reflux tank I, the gas phase at the top of the tower top reflux tank I is compressed and then sent to a light hydrocarbon-light gasoline separation tower, the liquid phase at the bottom of the tank is pressurized and then sent to the light hydrocarbon-light gasoline separation tower, and at least part of the liquid phase at the bottom of the light and heavy gasoline separation tower is taken as a heavy gasoline product to be extracted;
(3) light hydrocarbon-light gasoline separation: feeding the material flow from the top reflux tank I of the light and heavy gasoline separation tower into a light hydrocarbon-light gasoline separation tower, feeding the gas phase distilled from the top of the tower into a top reflux tank II, feeding the gas phase at the top of the top reflux tank II into a gas phase for impurity removal, pressurizing the liquid phase at the bottom of the tower, feeding the gas phase into a liquid phase for impurity removal, and extracting the liquid phase at the bottom of the tower as light gasoline;
(4) gas-phase impurity removal: tank for separating light and heavy gasoline separation tower top reflux tank IIThe top gas phase is sequentially subjected to H removal in a rich gas desulfurization tower by taking lean amine liquid as an absorbent2S and CO2Removing mercaptan in a rich gas alkaline tower by taking alkali liquor as an absorbent, and then sending the rich gas alkaline tower to a cooler;
(5) liquid phase impurity removal: the liquid phase at the bottom of the tank separated by the reflux tank II at the top of the light and heavy gasoline separation tower is sequentially subjected to H removal in a liquid hydrocarbon desulfurization tower2S and CO2After mercaptan is removed in the liquid hydrocarbon mercaptan removal reactor, the liquid hydrocarbon mercaptan removal reactor is sent to a cooler;
(6) and (3) cooling: mixing and cooling the gaseous light hydrocarbon and the liquid light hydrocarbon which are subjected to impurity removal in a cooler, and then sending the mixture to a feeding tank;
(7) feeding: after the gas-liquid equilibrium of the material flow from the cooler is carried out in the feeding tank, the gas phase at the top of the tank is sent to the absorption tower, and the liquid phase at the bottom of the tank is sent to the demethanizer;
(8) absorption: in the absorption tower, the mixed C4 is used as an absorbent to absorb components above C3 and C3 in a gas phase from the top of a feed tank, meanwhile, light components below C2 and C2 are co-absorbed, the gas phase at the top of the absorption tower is sent to a downstream device, and a liquid phase at the bottom of the absorption tower is returned to a cooler;
(9) demethanization: further separating methane hydrogen components from the liquid phase from the bottom of the feed tank in the demethanizer, extracting the separated methane hydrogen from the top of the demethanizer and returning the methane hydrogen to the cooler, and sending the liquid phase components at the bottom of the demethanizer to the deethanizer;
(10) deethanizing: further separating C2 components from the liquid phase at the bottom of the demethanizer in a deethanizer, extracting the separated mixed C2 components from the top of the deethanizer or returning the components to a cooler, and distributing the liquid phase components at the bottom of the deethanizer, wherein the liquid phase components are C3 and above C3;
(11) depropanizing: the liquid phase component from the bottom of the deethanizer is further separated in the depropanizer, the separated C3 component is extracted from the top of the depropanizer, at least part of the bottom component is sent to the absorption tower as the mixed C4 absorbent, and the rest is extracted as the mixed C4 product.
As a preferred aspect of the present application, the method further comprises: (12) and (3) propylene rectification: the extracted mixed C3 product is further rectified in a propylene rectifying tower, the gas phase at the top of the propylene rectifying tower is extracted as a propylene product, and the liquid phase at the bottom of the propylene rectifying tower is extracted as a propane product. Further preferably, the temperature of the top of the propylene rectifying tower is 45-50 ℃, the pressure is 1.7-2.0 MPaG, and the temperature of the bottom of the propylene rectifying tower is 55-60 ℃.
As a preferable scheme for further recovering the components C4 and C4, the method further comprises the following steps: (13) and (3) recovering the absorbent: the gas phase from the top of the absorption tower absorbs components of C4 and above C4 in the gas phase from the top of the absorption tower by taking heavy gasoline from debutanization as an absorbent in an absorbent recovery tower, simultaneously absorbs part of the components of C2/C3, the gas phase at the top of the absorption tower is taken out as dry gas, and the liquid phase at the bottom of the absorption tower returns to a light and heavy gasoline separation tower or returns to a catalytic cracking unit fractionating tower as top circulation, further preferably, the pressure of the absorbent recovery tower is 0.85-1.35 MPaG, and the temperature is 5-25 ℃.
The invention has wide application range, and the oil gas (including H) in the common processes with higher gas yield such as catalytic cracking, delayed coking and the like in chemical production2C1-C4, gasoline components and minor amounts of non-hydrocarbon components) can be separated and recovered using the apparatus of the present invention.
Firstly, separating light gasoline and heavy gasoline from components of C4 and below C4 by using a light and heavy gasoline separating tower and a light hydrocarbon-light gasoline separating tower, preferably, the temperature of the top of the light and heavy gasoline separating tower is 55-85 ℃, the temperature of the bottom of the light and heavy gasoline separating tower is 120-180 ℃, and the pressure is 0.3-0.6 MPaG; the temperature of the light hydrocarbon-light gasoline separation tower is 50-80 ℃, and the pressure is 1.0-1.5 MPaG; the initial boiling point of the heavy gasoline is 60-80 ℃, and the dry point of the light gasoline is 58-78 ℃.
As a preferred scheme of the invention, in order to meet the requirement of related product recovery, gas-liquid phase impurity removal is carried out on the light hydrocarbon-light gasoline separation overhead stream before the next separation, and the gas-liquid phase impurity removal mainly comprises amine elution H2S and alkali washing to remove mercaptan, preferably, the temperature of gas phase impurity removal is 35-45 ℃, and the pressure is 0.95-1.45 MPaG; the temperature of the liquid phase impurity removal is 35-45 ℃, and the pressure is 1.6-2.2 MPaG. In the present invention, amine elution H2S can be a complex amine liquid solvent (i.e. a modified solvent based on MDEA), andis on H2S and CO2In which H is2S can be removed to less than 20ppmw, CO2The removal efficiency can reach 90-99 wt%, and CO in material flow entering the alkaline washing mercaptan removal reactor is effectively reduced2And further reducing the consumption of alkali liquor. After the gas-liquid phase is washed out from amine, H can be further washed by alkali2S is reduced to less than 10ppmw, CO2To below 200 ppmw.
As a preferable scheme of the invention, the temperature of the feeding tank is 5-25 ℃, and the pressure is 0.9-1.4 MPaG; the pressure of the absorption tower is 0.85-1.35 MPaG, and the temperature is 5-25 ℃.
Because the main recovery target of the invention is C3/C4 components, and propylene with the purity not lower than 99.6 v% is further separated, and the C2 component is not required to be recovered, according to the principle that the saturated vapor pressure of the C3/C4 components is lower, under the process operation condition adopted by the invention, a larger part of C3/C4 components can be condensed by directly adopting one-time gas-liquid separation, and then demethanization, deethanization and depropanization processes are carried out on the condensate in sequence, and finally propane and propylene products can be obtained by further rectification.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, when it is desired to recover the carbon dioxide product, the carbon dioxide product obtained from the top of the deethanizer can be directly taken out, subjected to impurity removal and sent to a downstream ethylene plant for further recovery, the carbon dioxide product being mainly ethylene and ethane and containing about 20 v% propylene, wherein the recovery of the carbon dioxide component is 50-60 wt%.
As a preferable scheme of the invention, the circulating carbon four is taken as an absorbent, the carbon four components circulate among the absorption tower, the deethanizer and the depropanizer, and the boiling point of the carbon four components is low, so that the temperature of the bottoms of the deethanizer and the depropanizer is low, the load of a reboiler at the bottom of the tower is reduced, and the energy is saved, wherein the temperature at the top of the demethanizer is 10-30 ℃, the pressure is 1.1-1.7 MPaG, and the temperature at the bottom of the tower is 50-80 ℃; the temperature of the top of the deethanizer is 5-25 ℃, the pressure is 2.0-3.2 MPaG, and the temperature of the bottom of the deethanizer is 80-110 ℃; the tower top temperature of the depropanizing tower is 45-60 ℃, the pressure is 1.6-2.0 MPaG, and the tower bottom temperature is 85-110 ℃.
In the invention, the demethanizer is only provided with a stripping section and is not provided with a rectifying section, the tower top is not provided with a condenser, and the liquid phase from the upstream gas-liquid separation tank directly enters the first tower plate at the tower top of the demethanizer, so that the consumption of the whole process on cold energy is reduced.
In the invention, the deethanizer is provided with a rectifying section and a stripping section simultaneously, so that the propylene and heavier components taken away from the gas at the top of the deethanizer are reduced as much as possible, and the circulating amount of the propylene and heavier components is reduced, thereby reducing the flow of the circulating C4 and reducing the energy consumption.
In another aspect, the present invention provides an oil-gas separation and recovery apparatus, comprising: the system comprises an oil gas feeding pipeline, a gas-liquid separation tank, a compressor I, a light and heavy gasoline separation tower, a compressor II, a light hydrocarbon-light gasoline separation tower, a rich gas desulfurization tower, a rich gas alkaline washing tower, a liquid hydrocarbon desulfurization tower, a liquid hydrocarbon sweetening reactor, a cooler, a feeding tank, an absorption tower, a demethanizer, a deethanizer and a depropanizer;
the oil-gas feeding pipeline is connected with an inlet of a gas-liquid separation tank, the top of the gas-liquid separation tank is sequentially connected with a compressor I and a light-heavy gasoline separation tower, and the bottom of the gas-liquid separation tank is connected with the light-heavy gasoline separation tower;
the top of the light and heavy gasoline separation tower is provided with a reflux tank I, the top of the reflux tank I is sequentially connected with a compressor II and a light hydrocarbon-light gasoline separation tower, the bottom of the reflux tank I is connected with a booster pump and then connected with the light hydrocarbon-light gasoline separation tower, and the bottom of the light and heavy gasoline separation tower is provided with a heavy gasoline extraction pipeline;
the top of the light hydrocarbon-light gasoline separation tower is provided with a reflux tank II, the top of the reflux tank II is sequentially connected with a rich gas desulfurization tower, a rich gas alkaline washing tower and a cooler, and the bottom of the reflux tank II is connected with a booster pump and then sequentially connected with a liquid hydrocarbon desulfurization tower, a liquid hydrocarbon sweetening reactor and the cooler;
the upper part of the rich gas desulfurization tower is provided with a lean amine liquid feeding pipeline, and the upper part of the rich gas caustic tower is provided with an alkali liquid feeding pipeline;
the cooler is connected with the feeding tank;
the top of the feeding tank is connected with the absorption tower, and the bottom of the feeding tank is connected with the demethanizer;
the top of the absorption tower is connected with a downstream device, the bottom of the absorption tower is connected with a cooler, and the upper part of the absorption tower is provided with a mixed C4 absorbent feeding pipeline;
the top of the demethanizer is connected with a cooler, and the bottom of the demethanizer is connected with a deethanizer;
a carbon dioxide extraction pipeline is arranged at the top of the deethanizer, the carbon dioxide extraction pipeline is optionally connected with a cooler, and the bottom of the deethanizer is connected with a depropanizer;
the upper part of the depropanizing tower is provided with a mixed C3 product extraction pipeline, the bottom of the depropanizing tower is provided with a mixed C4 product extraction pipeline, the mixed C4 product extraction pipeline is divided into two branches, and one branch is used as a mixed C4 absorbent feeding pipeline.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the downstream apparatus comprises a propylene rectification column; the mixed C3 product extraction pipeline is connected with the propylene rectifying tower; and a propylene product extraction pipeline is arranged at the top of the propylene rectifying tower, and a propane product extraction pipeline is arranged at the bottom of the propylene rectifying tower.
As a preferred aspect of the present invention, the downstream apparatus comprises an absorbent recovery column; the top of the absorbent recovery tower is provided with a dry gas extraction pipeline, the bottom of the absorbent recovery tower is connected with a light and heavy gasoline separation tower, the upper part of the absorbent recovery tower is provided with a heavy gasoline absorbent feeding pipeline, the heavy gasoline product extraction pipeline of the light and heavy gasoline separation tower is divided into two branches, and one branch is used as a heavy gasoline absorbent feeding pipeline; alternatively, the first and second electrodes may be,
the top of the absorbent recovery tower is provided with a dry gas extraction pipeline, the bottom of the absorbent recovery tower is connected with the catalytic cracking unit, and the upper part of the absorbent recovery tower is provided with a heavy gasoline absorbent feeding pipeline which is connected with a heavy gasoline extraction pipeline of the catalytic cracking unit.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
(1) according to the invention, by selecting appropriate process parameters, most of the liquefied gas components are recovered by direct condensation instead of using gasoline as an absorbent, and the gasoline circulation amount is greatly reduced, so that the energy consumption is greatly reduced. ppmw
(2) In the invention, the gasoline and the components below C4 and C4 are separated in advance before the light hydrocarbon is separated, so that the subsequent flow path is realizedThe method does not need to adopt gasoline to absorb the components of the liquefied gas, saves the consumption of the circulating absorbent, simultaneously, the method independently carries out desulfurization on the gaseous hydrocarbon and the liquid hydrocarbon at the top of the light hydrocarbon-light gasoline separation tower, and the material flow does not contain H in the light hydrocarbon separation process2S, the material requirement of the light hydrocarbon separation and recovery system is reduced, and the safety of the process is ensured.
(3) In the invention, the circulating C4 is used as the absorbent, so that the temperature of the bottoms of the demethanizer and the deethanizer is low, the circulating amount of C4 is small, the load of a reboiler at the bottom of the tower is reduced, and the energy is saved.
(4) The invention adopts the process flow of demethanization and deethanization for the material flow at the bottom of the feed tank, the gas phase flow at the top of the demethanizer and the deethanizer is low, the gas returned to the absorption tower is small, the carbon four-cycle quantity can be effectively reduced, and the energy consumption is low.
(5) In the invention, heavy gasoline and light gasoline are sequentially separated at proper positions, the temperatures of the bottoms of the light and heavy gasoline cutting tower and the light hydrocarbon-light gasoline separating tower are lower, the energy consumption is greatly reduced, and the energy utilization is reasonable.
Additional features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the detailed description which follows.
Drawings
The above and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent by describing in more detail exemplary embodiments thereof with reference to the attached drawings, in which like reference numerals generally represent like parts throughout.
FIG. 1 shows a process flow diagram for the separation and recovery of catalytically cracked oil and gas in example 1 of the present invention.
FIG. 2 shows a process flow diagram for the separation and recovery of catalytically cracked oil and gas in example 2 of the present invention.
Description of reference numerals:
1. a gas-liquid separation tank; 2. a compressor I; 3. a light and heavy gasoline separation tower; 4. a compressor II; 5. a light hydrocarbon-light gasoline separation tower; 6. a rich gas desulfurization tower; 7. a rich gas caustic wash tower; 8. a liquid hydrocarbon desulfurization tower; 9. a liquid hydrocarbon sweetening reactor; 10. a cooler; 11. a feed tank; 12. an absorption tower; 13. a demethanizer; 14. a deethanizer; 15. a depropanizer; 16. a propylene rectification column; 17. an absorbent recovery column;
s1, oil gas from an upstream device; s2, crude gasoline; s3, lean amine liquid; s4, an amine-rich solution; s5, alkali liquor; s6, alkali liquor to be regenerated; s7, a carbon four absorbent; s8, dry gas; s9, propylene products; s10, propane product; s11, light gasoline; s12, heavy gasoline; s13, preparing a carbon four product; s14, a carbon two product.
Detailed Description
Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail below. While the following describes preferred embodiments of the present invention, it should be understood that the present invention may be embodied in various forms and should not be limited by the embodiments set forth herein.
The properties of the feed oil and gas in the following examples are shown in table 1, and the properties of the C5+ component in the oil and gas are shown in table 2:
TABLE 1
TABLE 2
Example 1
An oil-gas separation and recovery device comprises: the system comprises an oil gas feeding pipeline, a gas-liquid separation tank 1, a compressor I2, a light and heavy gasoline separation tower 3, a compressor II 4, a light hydrocarbon-light gasoline separation tower 5, a rich gas desulfurization tower 6, a rich gas alkaline washing tower 7, a liquid hydrocarbon desulfurization tower 8, a liquid hydrocarbon sweetening reactor 9, a cooler 10, a feeding tank 11, an absorption tower 12, a demethanizer 13, a deethanizer 14, a depropanizer 15, a propylene rectifying tower 16 and an absorbent recovery tower 17;
the oil-gas feeding pipeline is connected with an inlet of the gas-liquid separation tank 1, the top of the gas-liquid separation tank 1 is sequentially connected with the compressor I2 and the light and heavy gasoline separation tower 3, and the bottom of the tank is connected with the light and heavy gasoline separation tower 3;
a reflux tank I is arranged at the top of the light and heavy gasoline separation tower 3, the top of the reflux tank I is sequentially connected with a compressor II 4 and a light hydrocarbon-light gasoline separation tower 5, the bottom of the reflux tank I is connected with a booster pump and then connected with the light hydrocarbon-light gasoline separation tower 5, and a heavy gasoline extraction pipeline is arranged at the bottom of the light and heavy gasoline separation tower 5; the heavy gasoline product extraction pipeline is divided into two branches, wherein one branch is used as a heavy gasoline absorbent feeding pipeline;
the top of the light hydrocarbon-light gasoline separation tower 5 is provided with a reflux tank II, the top of the reflux tank II is sequentially connected with a rich gas desulfurization tower 6, a rich gas alkaline washing tower 7 and a cooler 10, and the bottom of the reflux tank II is connected with a booster pump and then sequentially connected with a liquid hydrocarbon desulfurization tower 8, a liquid hydrocarbon sweetening reactor 9 and the cooler 10;
the upper part of the rich gas desulfurization tower 6 is provided with a lean amine liquid feeding pipeline, and the upper part of the rich gas caustic wash tower 7 is provided with an alkali liquid feeding pipeline;
the cooler 10 is connected with the feeding tank 11;
the top of the feed tank 11 is connected with the absorption tower 12, and the bottom of the tank is connected with the demethanizer 13;
the top of the absorption tower 12 is connected with an absorbent recovery tower 17, the bottom of the absorption tower 12 is connected with a cooler 10, and the upper part of the absorption tower 12 is provided with a mixed C4 absorbent feeding pipeline;
the top of the absorbent recovery tower 17 is provided with a dry gas extraction pipeline, the bottom of the tower is connected with a light and heavy gasoline separation tower 3, the upper part of the tower is provided with a heavy gasoline absorbent feeding pipeline,
the top of the demethanizer 13 is connected with the cooler 10, and the bottom of the demethanizer is connected with the deethanizer 14;
the top of the deethanizer 14 is connected with the cooler 10, and the bottom of the deethanizer is connected with the depropanizer 15;
the upper part of the depropanizing tower 15 is connected with the propylene rectifying tower 16, the bottom of the depropanizing tower is provided with a mixed C4 product extraction pipeline, the mixed C4 product extraction pipeline is divided into two branches, and one branch is used as a mixed C4 absorbent feeding pipeline;
a propylene product extraction pipeline is arranged at the top of the propylene rectifying tower 16, and a propane product extraction pipeline is arranged at the bottom of the tower.
The light hydrocarbon is separated by adopting the device, and the separation flow is shown in figure 1:
(1) first gas-liquid separation: oil gas from an upstream device is condensed and cooled and then sent to a gas-liquid separation tank 1 for gas-liquid separation, a liquid phase at the bottom of the tank is pressurized and sent to a light and heavy gasoline cutting tower 3, and a gas phase at the top of the tank is pressurized by a compressor and then sent to the light and heavy gasoline cutting tower 3;
(2) separating light gasoline and heavy gasoline: the material from the gas-liquid separation tank 1 enters a light and heavy gasoline separation tower 3, the overhead distillate gas phase is condensed and enters an overhead reflux tank I, the gas phase at the top of the overhead reflux tank I is compressed and then sent to a light hydrocarbon-light gasoline separation tower 5, the liquid phase at the bottom of the tank is pressurized and then sent to the light hydrocarbon-light gasoline separation tower 5, part of the liquid phase at the bottom of the light and heavy gasoline separation tower is extracted as a heavy gasoline product S12, and the rest part of the liquid phase is sent to an absorption tower recovery tower 17 as an absorbent; the temperature of the top of the light and heavy gasoline separating tower 3 is 55-85 ℃, the temperature of the bottom of the tower is 120-180 ℃, the pressure is 0.3-0.6 MPaG, and the initial boiling point of heavy gasoline is 60-80 ℃;
(3) light hydrocarbon-light gasoline separation: the material flow from the top reflux tank of the light and heavy gasoline separation tower 3 enters a light hydrocarbon-light gasoline separation tower 5, the gas phase distilled from the top of the tower enters a top reflux tank II, the gas phase at the top of the top reflux tank II is sent to a gas phase for impurity removal, the liquid phase at the bottom of the tank is sent to a liquid phase for impurity removal after being pressurized, and the liquid phase at the bottom of the tank is taken as a light gasoline product S11 for extraction; the temperature of the light hydrocarbon-light gasoline separation tower 5 is 55-85 ℃, the pressure is 1.0-1.5 MPaG, and the dry point of the light gasoline is 58-78 ℃;
(4) gas-phase impurity removal: the gas phase on the top of the light and heavy gasoline separation tower 3 separated by the top reflux tank II is sequentially subjected to H removal in a rich gas desulfurization tower 6 by taking lean amine liquid S3 as an absorbent2S and CO2In the rich gas caustic tower 7, mercaptan is removed by taking alkali liquor S5 as an absorbent, and then the gas is sent to a cooler 10; the temperature of gas phase impurity removal is 35-45 ℃, and the pressure is 0.95-1.45 MPaG;
(5) liquid phase impurity removal: light and heavy gasoline separating tower3 the liquid phase at the bottom of the tank separated by the tower top reflux tank II is sequentially subjected to H removal in a liquid hydrocarbon desulfurization tower 82S and CO2After mercaptan is removed in a liquid hydrocarbon mercaptan removal reactor 9, the liquid hydrocarbon mercaptan removed liquid is sent to a cooler 10; the temperature of liquid phase impurity removal is 35-45 ℃, and the pressure is 1.6-2.2 MPaG;
(6) and (3) cooling: the gaseous light hydrocarbon and the liquid light hydrocarbon after impurity removal are mixed and cooled in a cooler 10 and then are sent to a feeding tank 11;
(7) feeding: after the gas-liquid equilibrium of the material flow from the cooler 10 is carried out in the feeding tank 11, the gas phase at the top of the tank is sent to the absorption tower 12, and the liquid phase at the bottom of the tank is sent to the demethanizer 13; the temperature of the feeding tank 11 is 5-25 ℃, and the pressure is 0.9-1.4 MPaG;
(8) absorption: in the absorption tower 12, the mixed C4 is used as an absorbent to absorb components above C3 and C3 in a gas phase from the top of the feed tank 11, meanwhile, light components below C2 and C2 are absorbed together, the gas phase at the top of the absorption tower 12 is sent to an absorbent recovery tower 17, and a liquid phase at the bottom of the absorption tower is returned to the cooler 10; the temperature of the absorption tower 12 is 5-25 ℃, and the pressure is 0.85-1.35 MPaG;
(9) demethanization: the liquid phase from the bottom of the feed tank 11 is further separated into methane hydrogen components in a demethanizer 13, the separated methane hydrogen is extracted from the top of the demethanizer 14 and returned to the cooler 10, and the liquid phase components at the bottom are sent to a deethanizer; the temperature at the top of the demethanizer 13 is 10-30 ℃, the pressure is 1.1-1.7 MPaG, and the temperature at the bottom of the demethanizer is 50-80 ℃;
(10) deethanizing: the liquid phase at the bottom of the demethanizer 13 is further separated into C2 components in the deethanizer 14, the separated mixed C2 components are extracted from the top of the deethanizer 14 and returned to the cooler 10, and the liquid phase components at the bottom of the deethanizer 15 are respectively sent to C3 and C3; the temperature at the top of the deethanizer 14 is 5-25 ℃, the pressure is 2.0-3.2 MPaG, and the temperature at the bottom of the deethanizer is 80-110 ℃;
(11) depropanizing: the liquid phase component from the bottom of the deethanizer 14 is further separated in the depropanizer 15, the separated C3 component is extracted from the top of the depropanizer 15, part of the bottom component is taken as a carbon four absorbent S7 and sent to the absorption tower 12, and the rest is taken as a carbon four product S13; the temperature at the top of the depropanizing tower 15 is 45-60 ℃, the pressure is 1.6-2.0 MPaG, and the temperature at the bottom of the depropanizing tower is 85-110 ℃;
(12) and (3) propylene rectification: the extracted mixed C3 product is further rectified in the propylene rectifying tower 16, the gas phase at the top of the propylene rectifying tower 16 is extracted as a propylene product S9, and the liquid phase at the bottom of the propylene rectifying tower is extracted as a propane product S10; the temperature of the top of the propylene rectifying tower 16 is 45-50 ℃, the pressure is 1.7-2.0 MPaG, and the temperature of the bottom of the tower is 55-60 ℃;
(13) and (3) recovering the absorbent: the gas phase at the top of the absorption tower 12 absorbs components of C4 and above C4 in the gas phase at the top of the absorption tower 12 in an absorbent recovery tower 17 by taking heavy gasoline from a light and heavy gasoline separation tower as an absorbent, and simultaneously absorbs part of the components of C2/C3, the gas phase at the top of the absorbent recovery tower 17 is taken out as dry gas S8, and the liquid phase at the bottom of the tower returns to the light and heavy gasoline separation tower 3; the temperature of the absorbent recovery tower 17 is 5-25 ℃, and the pressure is 0.85-1.35 MPaG.
The light hydrocarbons in the catalytic cracking reaction were separated by the above method, and the composition and properties of each product were separated as shown in tables 3 to 4.
TABLE 3
TABLE 4 Properties of gasoline products
Example 2
The separation scheme is shown in fig. 2, and only differs from example 1 in that:
(10) deethanizing: the liquid phase from the bottom of the demethanizer 13 is further separated into C2 components in the deethanizer 14, the separated mixed C2 component is extracted from the top of the deethanizer 14, a carbon dioxide product S14 is obtained as a byproduct, and the liquid phase components at the bottom of the deethanizer 15 containing C3 and C3 are distributed.
The light hydrocarbons in the catalytic cracking reaction were separated by the above-described method, and the composition and properties of each product were separated as shown in tables 5 and 6.
TABLE 5
TABLE 6 gasoline product Properties
| Item | Gasoline (gasoline) |
| Flow rate, kg/h | 64252 |
| Density, 20 deg.C | 0.742 |
| Percent distilled off, v% | En-type distillation (D-86) and C |
| 0 | 44 |
| 10 | 57 |
| 30 | 89 |
| 50 | 107 |
| 70 | 137 |
| 90 | 157 |
| 100 | 182 |
Therefore, the method has the advantages of simple flow, mild operation conditions and low energy consumption, and can realize the recovery of the liquefied gas in the oil gas of catalytic cracking, catalytic cracking and delayed coking by using less equipment, wherein the recovery rates of the recovered three-carbon component and four-carbon component are both more than 99 wt%, and the content of C2 in the propylene product obtained by further separation is not more than 200 ppmv. Meanwhile, as can be seen from example 2, the present invention also allows a carbon dioxide product to be obtained as a by-product, and the recovery rate of the carbon dioxide product is 50 to 60%.
Having described embodiments of the present invention, the foregoing description is intended to be exemplary, not exhaustive, and not limited to the embodiments disclosed. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the described embodiments.
Claims (10)
1. A method for separating and recovering oil gas is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) first gas-liquid separation: oil gas from an upstream device is condensed and cooled and then sent to a gas-liquid separation tank for gas-liquid separation, a liquid phase at the bottom of the tank is pressurized and sent to a light and heavy gasoline cutting tower, and a gas phase at the top of the tank is pressurized by a compressor and then sent to the light and heavy gasoline cutting tower;
(2) separating light gasoline and heavy gasoline: the material from the gas-liquid separation tank enters a light and heavy gasoline separation tower, the gas phase distilled from the tower top is condensed and enters a tower top reflux tank I, the gas phase at the top of the tower top reflux tank I is compressed and then sent to a light hydrocarbon-light gasoline separation tower, the liquid phase at the bottom of the tank is pressurized and then sent to the light hydrocarbon-light gasoline separation tower, and at least part of the liquid phase at the bottom of the light and heavy gasoline separation tower is taken as a heavy gasoline product to be extracted;
(3) light hydrocarbon-light gasoline separation: feeding the material flow from the top reflux tank I of the light and heavy gasoline separation tower into a light hydrocarbon-light gasoline separation tower, feeding the gas phase distilled from the top of the tower into a top reflux tank II, feeding the gas phase at the top of the top reflux tank II into a gas phase for impurity removal, pressurizing the liquid phase at the bottom of the tower, feeding the gas phase into a liquid phase for impurity removal, and extracting the liquid phase at the bottom of the tower as light gasoline;
(4) gas-phase impurity removal: the tank top gas phase separated by the tower top reflux tank II of the light and heavy gasoline separation tower is sequentially subjected to H removal in a rich gas desulfurization tower by taking lean amine liquid as an absorbent2S and CO2Removing mercaptan in a rich gas alkaline tower by taking alkali liquor as an absorbent, and then sending the rich gas alkaline tower to a cooler;
(5) liquid phase impurity removal: the liquid phase at the bottom of the tank separated by the reflux tank II at the top of the light and heavy gasoline separation tower is sequentially subjected to H removal in a liquid hydrocarbon desulfurization tower2S and CO2After mercaptan is removed in the liquid hydrocarbon mercaptan removal reactor, the liquid hydrocarbon mercaptan removal reactor is sent to a cooler;
(6) and (3) cooling: mixing and cooling the gaseous light hydrocarbon and the liquid light hydrocarbon which are subjected to impurity removal in a cooler, and then sending the mixture to a feeding tank;
(7) feeding: after the gas-liquid equilibrium of the material flow from the cooler is carried out in the feeding tank, the gas phase at the top of the tank is sent to the absorption tower, and the liquid phase at the bottom of the tank is sent to the demethanizer;
(8) absorption: in the absorption tower, the mixed C4 is used as an absorbent to absorb components above C3 and C3 in a gas phase from the top of a feed tank, meanwhile, light components below C2 and C2 are co-absorbed, the gas phase at the top of the absorption tower is sent to a downstream device, and a liquid phase at the bottom of the absorption tower is returned to a cooler;
(9) demethanization: further separating methane hydrogen components from the liquid phase from the bottom of the feed tank in the demethanizer, extracting the separated methane hydrogen from the top of the demethanizer and returning the methane hydrogen to the cooler, and sending the liquid phase components at the bottom of the demethanizer to the deethanizer;
(10) deethanizing: further separating C2 components from the liquid phase at the bottom of the demethanizer in a deethanizer, extracting the separated mixed C2 components from the top of the deethanizer or returning the mixed C2 components to an aftercooler, and delivering the liquid phase components at the bottom of the deethanizer, wherein the liquid phase components are C3 and more than C3;
(11) depropanizing: the liquid phase component from the bottom of the deethanizer is further separated in the depropanizer, the separated C3 component is extracted from the top of the depropanizer, at least part of the bottom component is sent to the absorption tower as the mixed C4 absorbent, and the rest is extracted as the mixed C4 product.
2. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
(12) and (3) propylene rectification: the extracted mixed C3 product is further rectified in a propylene rectifying tower, the gas phase at the top of the propylene rectifying tower is extracted as a propylene product, and the liquid phase at the bottom of the propylene rectifying tower is extracted as a propane product.
3. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
(13) and (3) recovering the absorbent: the gas phase from the top of the absorption tower absorbs components of C4 and above C4 in the gas phase from the top of the absorption tower by taking heavy gasoline from a light and heavy gasoline separation tower as an absorbent in an absorbent recovery tower, simultaneously absorbs partial components of C2/C3, the gas phase at the top of the absorbent recovery tower is extracted as dry gas, and the liquid phase at the bottom of the absorption tower returns to the light and heavy gasoline separation tower or returns to a catalytic cracking unit fractionating tower as top circulation.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the hydrocarbons of the upstream plant contain H2And C1-C4 light hydrocarbon, gasoline, diesel oil and heavy oil, wherein the upstream device is at least one of a catalytic cracking device, a catalytic cracking device and a delayed coking device.
5. The method according to claim 1, wherein the temperature at the top of the light and heavy gasoline separation tower is 55-85 ℃, the temperature at the bottom of the light and heavy gasoline separation tower is 120-180 ℃, and the pressure is 0.3-0.6 MPaG; the temperature of the light hydrocarbon-light gasoline separation tower is 55-85 ℃, and the pressure is 1.0-1.5 MPaG;
the initial boiling point of the heavy gasoline is 60-80 ℃, and the dry point of the light gasoline is 58-78 ℃;
the temperature of the gas phase impurity removal is 35-45 ℃, and the pressure is 0.95-1.45 MPaG;
the temperature of the liquid phase impurity removal is 35-45 ℃, and the pressure is 1.6-2.2 MPaG;
the temperature of the feeding tank is 5-25 ℃, and the pressure is 0.9-1.4 MPaG;
the temperature of the absorption tower is 5-25 ℃, and the pressure is 0.85-1.35 MPaG;
the temperature of the top of the demethanizer is 10-30 ℃, the pressure is 1.1-1.7 MPaG, and the temperature of the bottom of the demethanizer is 50-80 ℃;
the temperature at the top of the deethanizer is 5-25 ℃, the pressure is 2.0-3.2 MPaG, and the temperature at the bottom of the deethanizer is 80-110 ℃;
the temperature at the top of the depropanizing tower is 45-60 ℃, the pressure is 1.6-2.0 MPaG, and the temperature at the bottom of the depropanizing tower is 85-110 ℃.
6. The method according to claim 2, wherein the temperature of the top of the propylene rectifying tower is 45-50 ℃, the pressure is 1.7-2.0 MPaG, and the temperature of the bottom of the propylene rectifying tower is 55-60 ℃.
7. The method according to claim 3, wherein the temperature of the absorbent recovery tower is 5 to 25 ℃ and the pressure is 0.85 to 1.35 MPaG.
8. The utility model provides a device of oil-gas separation and recovery, its characterized in that, the device includes: the system comprises an oil gas feeding pipeline, a gas-liquid separation tank, a compressor I, a light and heavy gasoline separation tower, a compressor II, a light hydrocarbon-light gasoline separation tower, a rich gas desulfurization tower, a rich gas alkaline washing tower, a liquid hydrocarbon desulfurization tower, a liquid hydrocarbon sweetening reactor, a cooler, a feeding tank, an absorption tower, a demethanizer, a deethanizer and a depropanizer;
the oil-gas feeding pipeline is connected with an inlet of a gas-liquid separation tank, the top of the gas-liquid separation tank is sequentially connected with a compressor I and a light-heavy gasoline separation tower, and the bottom of the gas-liquid separation tank is connected with the light-heavy gasoline separation tower;
the top of the light and heavy gasoline separation tower is provided with a reflux tank I, the top of the reflux tank I is sequentially connected with a compressor II and a light hydrocarbon-light gasoline separation tower, the bottom of the reflux tank I is connected with a booster pump and then connected with the light hydrocarbon-light gasoline separation tower, and the bottom of the light and heavy gasoline separation tower is provided with a heavy gasoline extraction pipeline;
the top of the light hydrocarbon-light gasoline separation tower is provided with a reflux tank II, the top of the reflux tank II is sequentially connected with a rich gas desulfurization tower, a rich gas alkaline washing tower and a cooler, and the bottom of the reflux tank II is connected with a booster pump and then sequentially connected with a liquid hydrocarbon desulfurization tower, a liquid hydrocarbon sweetening reactor and the cooler;
the upper part of the rich gas desulfurization tower is provided with a lean amine liquid feeding pipeline, and the upper part of the rich gas caustic tower is provided with an alkali liquid feeding pipeline;
the cooler is connected with the feeding tank;
the top of the feeding tank is connected with the absorption tower, and the bottom of the feeding tank is connected with the demethanizer;
the top of the absorption tower is connected with a downstream device, the bottom of the absorption tower is connected with a cooler, and the upper part of the absorption tower is provided with a mixed C4 absorbent feeding pipeline;
the top of the demethanizer is connected with a cooler, the bottom of the demethanizer is connected with a deethanizer,
a carbon dioxide extraction pipeline is arranged at the top of the deethanizer, the carbon dioxide extraction pipeline is optionally connected with a cooler, and the bottom of the deethanizer is connected with a depropanizer;
the upper part of the depropanizing tower is provided with a mixed C3 product extraction pipeline, the bottom of the depropanizing tower is provided with a mixed C4 product extraction pipeline, the mixed C4 product extraction pipeline is divided into two branches, and one branch is used as a mixed C4 absorbent feeding pipeline.
9. The apparatus of claim 8, wherein the downstream apparatus comprises a propylene rectification column;
the mixed C3 product extraction pipeline is connected with the propylene rectifying tower; and a propylene product extraction pipeline is arranged at the top of the propylene rectifying tower, and a propane product extraction pipeline is arranged at the bottom of the propylene rectifying tower.
10. The apparatus of claim 8, wherein the downstream apparatus comprises an absorbent recovery column;
the top of the absorbent recovery tower is provided with a dry gas extraction pipeline, the bottom of the absorbent recovery tower is connected with a light and heavy gasoline separation tower, the upper part of the absorbent recovery tower is provided with a heavy gasoline absorbent feeding pipeline, the heavy gasoline product extraction pipeline of the light and heavy gasoline separation tower is divided into two branches, and one branch is used as the heavy gasoline absorbent feeding pipeline; alternatively, the first and second electrodes may be,
the top of the absorbent recovery tower is provided with a dry gas extraction pipeline, the bottom of the absorbent recovery tower is connected with the catalytic cracking unit, and the upper part of the absorbent recovery tower is provided with a heavy gasoline absorbent feeding pipeline which is connected with a heavy gasoline extraction pipeline of the catalytic cracking unit.
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