CN112759939A - High-modulus modified asphalt and production method thereof - Google Patents
High-modulus modified asphalt and production method thereof Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN112759939A CN112759939A CN202011602880.1A CN202011602880A CN112759939A CN 112759939 A CN112759939 A CN 112759939A CN 202011602880 A CN202011602880 A CN 202011602880A CN 112759939 A CN112759939 A CN 112759939A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- asphalt
- modified asphalt
- high modulus
- parts
- modulus modified
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L95/00—Compositions of bituminous materials, e.g. asphalt, tar, pitch
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2201/00—Properties
- C08L2201/08—Stabilised against heat, light or radiation or oxydation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2205/00—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features
- C08L2205/02—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing two or more polymers of the same C08L -group
- C08L2205/025—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing two or more polymers of the same C08L -group containing two or more polymers of the same hierarchy C08L, and differing only in parameters such as density, comonomer content, molecular weight, structure
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2205/00—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features
- C08L2205/03—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing three or more polymers in a blend
- C08L2205/035—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing three or more polymers in a blend containing four or more polymers in a blend
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
- Working-Up Tar And Pitch (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a high modulus modified asphalt and a production method thereof, wherein the high modulus modified asphalt comprises the following components in parts by weight: 70-80 parts of mixed road petroleum asphalt, 15-20 parts of anti-rutting master batch, 4-5 parts of SBS, 1-2 parts of polyethylene wax and 0.1-0.2 part of stabilizer; wherein the mixed road petroleum asphalt is straight-run asphalt with the penetration degree of 60-1000.1 mm at 25 ℃ and the ductility of more than 100cm at 10 ℃; the asphalt is prepared by mixing two kinds of asphalt, and the mixing weight ratio is 2: 1-2. The high-modulus modified asphalt is prepared by properly matching and mixing two kinds of road petroleum asphalt, selecting proper anti-rutting master batches, SBS and polyethylene wax as auxiliary materials and taking sulfur pieces as synergistic promotion effect among the components for the stabilizer, and has the characteristics of good high-temperature stability, good viscotoughness, toughness and anti-rutting performance, good low-temperature performance index, good fatigue resistance and aging resistance, high storage stability, low cost and simple preparation process.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to high modulus modified asphalt and a production method thereof.
Background
On the expressway in a mountain area with a long steep slope and a plurality of sharp bends, even if modified asphalt is adopted, early damage phenomena such as severe rutting and the like still occur due to the action of a large amount of heavy-load traffic, and the normal and safe running of the vehicle is seriously influenced. In order to prevent the early damage of the expressway and improve the anti-rutting capability of the pavement, increasing the modulus of the asphalt surface layer is one of effective ways. Generally, the improvement of the rutting factor, the dynamic modulus and the loss modulus of the high-modulus modified asphalt respectively shows that the rutting resistance of the modified asphalt is enhanced, the elastic deformation capability of the modified asphalt is improved, and the external force work is increased when the same deformation is generated. Optimization of the performance of high modulus modified asphalt is a major problem facing today.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the existing problems, the invention provides a high modulus modified asphalt and a production method thereof, and the high modulus modified asphalt is prepared by matching proper road petroleum asphalt and reasonably selecting the road petroleum asphalt and auxiliary material additives and utilizing the synergistic promotion effect among the components, so that the prepared product has good high-temperature stability, good viscotoughness, good toughness and good anti-rutting performance, and has low-temperature performance indexes. The specific technical scheme is as follows:
firstly, the invention provides high modulus modified asphalt which comprises the following components in parts by weight:
70-80 parts of mixed road petroleum asphalt,
15-20 parts of anti-rutting master batch,
4 to 5 parts of SBS (styrene butadiene styrene),
1-2 parts of polyethylene wax,
0.1-0.2 parts of a stabilizer;
wherein the mixed road petroleum asphalt is straight-run asphalt with the penetration degree of 60-1000.1 mm at 25 ℃ and the ductility of more than 100cm at 10 ℃; the asphalt is prepared by mixing two kinds of asphalt, and the mixing weight ratio is 2: 1-2.
Preferably, the mixed road petroleum asphalt is a mixture of two of Korean Bilong 70# asphalt, Korean SK70# asphalt, Korean GS70# asphalt, Dalixia 70# asphalt, Zhenhai 70# asphalt and Ningbo yuan 70# asphalt; the anti-rutting master batch is at least one of I type and II type anti-rutting master batches produced by the China petrochemical industry Limited company; the SBS is at least one of Zhongpetrochemical YH791H, Zhongpetroleum Dushan T6302, Ningbo Jinhaichenguang T7302 and Ningbo honggaokuan 1301; the polyethylene wax is at least one of BN500, BN500A and BN250 produced by Qingdao Bangni chemical Co Ltd; the stabilizer is a sulfur tablet purchased from Huacheng sulfur Co., Ltd, Anqing.
Secondly, the invention provides a production method of the high modulus modified asphalt, which comprises the following steps: heating the mixed road petroleum asphalt, adding SBS, and stirring for a period of time; then adding a stabilizer and stirring; adding the anti-rutting master batch and stirring; finally, adding polyethylene wax and continuing stirring; obtaining the high modulus modified asphalt.
According to the preferable technical scheme, the mixed road petroleum asphalt is heated from a raw material tank to 140-150 ℃ through a heat exchanger, then pumped into a high-temperature tank, stirred for 1 hour and then heated to 180-185 ℃ through the heat exchanger.
According to the preferable technical scheme, the SBS is added by pumping heated mixed road petroleum asphalt into a workshop reaction kettle, lifting the SBS into the reaction kettle through a variable frequency transmission pipe, and then stirring in a finished product tank for 2 hours.
As a further preferable technical solution, before entering the finished product tank, a grinding process is further performed, specifically: SBS is added into the reaction kettle and ground by two series German SIEFER colloid mills before entering the finished product tank. Preferably, the gap between the two serial German SIEFER colloid mills is 0.3 and 0.25 mu m respectively.
According to the preferable technical scheme, the stabilizer is slowly and uniformly added, the adding time is controlled to be 10-20 min, and the stirring time is 4 hours after the stabilizer is added.
According to the preferable technical scheme, the anti-rutting master batches are uniformly added into a finished product tank through a bucket elevator, the adding temperature is kept at 170-180 ℃, the feeding time is controlled at 3-4 hours, and the stirring time is 2 hours after the feeding is finished.
As a preferable technical scheme, the stirring time after the polyethylene wax is added is 4 hours.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the high-modulus modified asphalt is prepared by properly matching and mixing two kinds of road petroleum asphalt, selecting proper anti-rutting master batches, SBS and polyethylene wax as auxiliary materials and taking sulfur pieces as a synergistic promotion effect among the components for the stabilizer. The high-modulus modified asphalt disclosed by the invention is good in high-temperature stability, viscosity and toughness, toughness and anti-rutting performance, and also good in low-temperature performance indexes (low-temperature ductility, BBR test, 35 ℃ DSR and 60 ℃ DSR). Meanwhile, the high-modulus modified asphalt also has the characteristics of excellent low-temperature performance, good fatigue resistance and aging resistance, high storage stability, low cost and simple preparation process.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments. Examples 1 to 3 are examples of preparing high modulus modified asphalt and example 4 is an effect example.
Example 1
In this embodiment, a high modulus modified asphalt is prepared by the following specific operations:
50 tons of Korean Binglong 70# asphalt and 25 tons of Dalianxitai 70# asphalt are quickly heated to 140 ℃ from a raw material tank through a heat exchanger, pumped into a 150-ton high-temperature tank, stirred for 1 hour, then the heat exchanger is quickly heated to 180 ℃, pumped into a workshop reaction kettle, meanwhile, 4.8 tons of SBS of medium petrochemical YH791H is lifted into the reaction kettle through a variable frequency transmission pipe, and then enters a finished product tank once through two serially connected German SIEFER colloid mills (the clearance of the colloid mills is respectively adjusted to 0.3 and 0.25 unit), after the finished product tank is started to stir for 2 hours, 160kg of sulfur pieces are slowly and uniformly added, the adding time is controlled to be 10min, after the stirring is continued for 4 hours, 16 tons of I-type rutting master batches are uniformly added into the finished product tank through a bucket elevator, the temperature is kept at 170 ℃, the adding time is controlled to be 3 hours, after the adding is finished, the stirring is continued for 2 hours, 2 tons of BN500 PE is added, and the stirring, the high modulus modified asphalt is prepared.
Example 2
This example also prepared a high modulus modified asphalt, the specific operation was consistent with example 1:
50 tons of Korean SK70# asphalt and 26 tons of Zhehai 70# asphalt are quickly heated to 150 ℃ from a raw material tank through a heat exchanger, pumped into a 150-ton high-temperature tank, stirred for 1 hour, then the heat exchanger is quickly heated to 185 ℃, pumped into a workshop reaction kettle, meanwhile, 4.5 tons of SBS of Sinkiang Dushan T6302H is lifted into the reaction kettle through a frequency conversion conveying pipe, and enters a finished product tank once through two series-connected German SIEFER colloid mills (the clearance of the colloid mills is respectively adjusted to 0.3 and 0.25 unit), after the finished product tank is started to stir for 2 hours, 150kg of sulfur pieces are slowly and uniformly added, the feeding time is controlled to be 15 minutes, after the stirring is continued for 4 hours, 18 tons of II type ruts are uniformly added into the finished product tank through a bucket elevator, the temperature is kept to be 175 ℃, the feeding time is controlled to be 3.5 hours, after the feeding is ended, the stirring is continued for 2 hours, 1.5 tons of BN500A PE is added, the stirring is continued for 4 hours, the high modulus modified asphalt is prepared.
Example 3
This example also prepares a high modulus modified asphalt, and the specific operation is the same as that of example 1:
50 tons of Korean GS70# asphalt and 26 tons of Keyuan 70# asphalt are quickly heated to 150 ℃ from a raw material tank through a heat exchanger and pumped into a 150 tons high-temperature tank, stirring for 1 hour, rapidly heating to 185 deg.C with heat exchanger, pumping into reaction kettle, meanwhile, SBS of 4.5 tons of Jinhaichenguang T7302H is lifted to the reaction kettle through a frequency conversion conveying pipe, the mixture enters a finished product tank once through two German SIEFER colloid mills connected in series (the clearance of the colloid mill is respectively adjusted to 0.3 unit and 0.25 unit), opening the finished product tank, stirring for 2h, slowly and uniformly adding 180kg of sulfur pieces, controlling the feeding time at 20min, continuously stirring for 4 h, uniformly adding 15 tons of I-type rut master batches into the finished product tank by a bucket elevator, keeping the temperature at 180 ℃, controlling the feeding time at 4 h, and after the addition is finished, continuing stirring for 2 hours, adding 2 tons of BN250 polyethylene wax PE, and stirring for 4 hours to obtain the high-modulus modified asphalt.
Example 4 Effect example
In this example, a performance measurement test was performed on the high modulus modified asphalt prepared in examples 1 to 3, and a comparative example was used as a control. The modified asphalt of this comparative example is the same as example 3, except that no anti-rutting masterbatch is added, as follows:
50 tons of Korean GS70# asphalt and 26 tons of Keyuan 70# asphalt are quickly heated to 150 ℃ from a raw material tank through a heat exchanger, and are pumped into a 150-ton high-temperature tank, after the mixture is stirred for 1 hour, the heat exchanger is quickly heated to 185 ℃, and the mixture is pumped into a workshop reaction kettle, meanwhile, 4.5 tons of SBS of Jinhaichenguang T7302H are lifted into the reaction kettle through a variable-frequency conveying pipe, and enter a finished product tank once through two German SIEFER colloid mills (the gaps of the colloid mills are respectively adjusted to 0.3 and 0.25 unit), after the finished product tank is started to stir for 2 hours, 180kg of sulfur pieces are slowly and uniformly added, and after the stirring is continued for 4 hours, the modified asphalt is prepared.
The results of the performance measurement tests are shown in table 1:
TABLE 1 Performance test conditions of the high-strength modified asphalts prepared in the examples
As can be seen from the table, the high modulus modified asphalt produced by the method of the invention reaches the standard in all aspects, is superior to the modified asphalt of the comparative case, has improved kinematic viscosity, softening point, storage stability and the like, and is suitable for the highways in mountain areas with long steep slopes and more sharp bends.
It will be evident to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential attributes thereof. The present embodiments are, therefore, to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive. Furthermore, it should be understood that although the present specification describes embodiments, this does not include only one embodiment, and such description is for clarity only, and those skilled in the art should be able to make the specification as a whole, and the embodiments may be appropriately combined to form other embodiments understood by those skilled in the art.
Claims (10)
1. A high modulus modified asphalt is characterized in that: the coating comprises the following components in parts by weight:
70-80 parts of mixed road petroleum asphalt,
15-20 parts of anti-rutting master batch,
4 to 5 parts of SBS (styrene butadiene styrene),
1-2 parts of polyethylene wax,
0.1-0.2 parts of a stabilizer;
wherein the mixed road petroleum asphalt is straight-run asphalt with the penetration degree of 60-1000.1 mm at 25 ℃ and the ductility of more than 100cm at 10 ℃; the asphalt is prepared by mixing two kinds of asphalt, and the mixing weight ratio is 2: 1-2.
2. The high modulus modified asphalt of claim 1, wherein: the mixed road petroleum asphalt is prepared by mixing two of Korean Bilong No. 70 asphalt, Korean SK70 asphalt, Korean GS70 asphalt, Dalixitai No. 70 asphalt, Zhenhai No. 70 asphalt and Ningbo Keyuan No. 70 asphalt; the anti-rutting master batch is at least one of I type and II type anti-rutting master batches produced by the China petrochemical industry Limited company; the SBS is at least one of Zhongpetrochemical YH791H, Zhongpetroleum Dushan T6302, Ningbo Jinhaichenguang T7302 and Ningbo honggaokuan 1301; the polyethylene wax is at least one of BN500, BN500A and BN250 produced by Qingdao Bangni chemical Co Ltd; the stabilizer is a sulfur tablet purchased from Huacheng sulfur Co., Ltd, Anqing.
3. A process for producing a high modulus modified asphalt according to any one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that: heating the mixed road petroleum asphalt, adding SBS, and stirring for a period of time; then adding a stabilizer and stirring; adding the anti-rutting master batch and stirring; finally, adding polyethylene wax and continuing stirring; obtaining the high modulus modified asphalt.
4. The high modulus modified asphalt production process of claim 3, wherein: the mixed road petroleum asphalt is heated from a raw material tank to 140-150 ℃ through a heat exchanger, then pumped into a high-temperature tank to be stirred for 1 hour, and then heated to 180-185 ℃ through the heat exchanger.
5. The high modulus modified asphalt production process of claim 3, wherein: and the SBS is added, namely heated mixed road petroleum asphalt is pumped into a workshop reaction kettle, SBS is lifted into the reaction kettle through a variable frequency transmission pipe, and then the SBS enters a finished product tank for stirring, wherein the stirring time is 2 hours.
6. The high modulus modified asphalt production process of claim 5, wherein: still carry out the grinding process before getting into the finished product jar, specifically do: SBS is added into the reaction kettle and ground by two series German SIEFER colloid mills before entering the finished product tank.
7. The high modulus modified asphalt production process of claim 6, wherein: the gap between the two serial German SIEFER colloid mills is 0.3 and 0.25 mu m respectively.
8. The high modulus modified asphalt production process of claim 3, wherein: the stabilizer is slowly and uniformly added, the adding time is controlled to be 10-20 min, and the stirring time is 4 hours after the stabilizer is added.
9. The high modulus modified asphalt production process of claim 3, wherein: the anti-rutting master batches are uniformly added into a finished product tank through a bucket elevator, the adding temperature is kept at 170-180 ℃, the feeding time is controlled at 3-4 hours, and the stirring time is 2 hours after the feeding is finished.
10. The high modulus modified asphalt production process of claim 3, wherein: the stirring time after the polyethylene wax is added is 4 hours.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011602880.1A CN112759939A (en) | 2020-12-29 | 2020-12-29 | High-modulus modified asphalt and production method thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011602880.1A CN112759939A (en) | 2020-12-29 | 2020-12-29 | High-modulus modified asphalt and production method thereof |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN112759939A true CN112759939A (en) | 2021-05-07 |
Family
ID=75697261
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011602880.1A Pending CN112759939A (en) | 2020-12-29 | 2020-12-29 | High-modulus modified asphalt and production method thereof |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN112759939A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114836051A (en) * | 2022-06-02 | 2022-08-02 | 江苏亿虎沥青材料有限公司 | PG82-22 grade modified asphalt and its production method |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1493619A (en) * | 2002-11-02 | 2004-05-05 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Modified asphalt for road and its preparation method |
| CN1952002A (en) * | 2005-10-20 | 2007-04-25 | 上海群康沥青科技有限公司 | Composite modified asphalt for pavement |
| CN107382151A (en) * | 2017-07-30 | 2017-11-24 | 扬州大学 | A kind of asphalt of high anti-rut behavior and preparation method thereof |
| CN111117270A (en) * | 2020-01-08 | 2020-05-08 | 南通通沙沥青科技有限公司 | High-strength asphalt and preparation method thereof |
-
2020
- 2020-12-29 CN CN202011602880.1A patent/CN112759939A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1493619A (en) * | 2002-11-02 | 2004-05-05 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Modified asphalt for road and its preparation method |
| CN1952002A (en) * | 2005-10-20 | 2007-04-25 | 上海群康沥青科技有限公司 | Composite modified asphalt for pavement |
| CN107382151A (en) * | 2017-07-30 | 2017-11-24 | 扬州大学 | A kind of asphalt of high anti-rut behavior and preparation method thereof |
| CN111117270A (en) * | 2020-01-08 | 2020-05-08 | 南通通沙沥青科技有限公司 | High-strength asphalt and preparation method thereof |
Non-Patent Citations (4)
| Title |
|---|
| 柴志杰 等: ""调合法生产50号道路沥青工艺研究及其产品评价"", 《石油沥青》 * |
| 胡思维: "抗车辙剂在山区长陡坡沥青混凝土路面中的应用研究", 《公路交通科技(应用技术版)》 * |
| 韩青英等: "中石化抗车辙沥青母粒性能研究", 《石油沥青》 * |
| 黑龙江商学院: "《商品养护学 下》", 31 May 1983 * |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114836051A (en) * | 2022-06-02 | 2022-08-02 | 江苏亿虎沥青材料有限公司 | PG82-22 grade modified asphalt and its production method |
| CN114836051B (en) * | 2022-06-02 | 2024-01-23 | 江苏亿虎沥青材料有限公司 | PG82-22 grade modified asphalt and production method thereof |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN105038279B (en) | Modified asphalt and preparing method thereof | |
| CN102131857A (en) | Bitumen composition | |
| CN105038280A (en) | SBS modified asphalt and preparation method thereof | |
| CN105801006B (en) | Asphalt for heavy traffic road and preparation method thereof | |
| PL182706B1 (en) | Polymer-modified asphalt compositions of acidic reactivity and their production | |
| CN112210222B (en) | Epoxy asphalt material for roads and bridges and preparation method thereof | |
| CN112724695A (en) | Composite modified asphalt and preparation method thereof | |
| CN103360774A (en) | Asphaltized rubber modified asphalt and preparation method thereof | |
| CN113896458A (en) | High-performance cold-patch asphalt mixture and preparation method thereof | |
| CN101439946B (en) | Preparation of modified rubber asphalt mixture | |
| CN101348350A (en) | Waste rubber powder composite modified asphalt and preparation thereof | |
| CN112759939A (en) | High-modulus modified asphalt and production method thereof | |
| CN111454581A (en) | High-temperature-resistant asphalt formula and preparation method thereof | |
| CN105778530A (en) | SBS-rubber composite modified asphalt and preparation method thereof | |
| CN109593371A (en) | Road asphalt modifier and modified pavement asphalt and preparation method thereof and asphalt | |
| CN105017782A (en) | High-grade road asphalt and preparation method thereof | |
| CN108440977B (en) | Modified asphalt for high-modulus anti-rutting concrete, modifier and preparation method | |
| CN105111755A (en) | Chemically-modified asphalt cement and preparation method thereof | |
| CN106032438B (en) | Road asphalt modifier and modified pavement asphalt and preparation method thereof and asphalt | |
| CN101629021B (en) | High-quality pavement petroleum asphalt material and preparation method thereof | |
| CN106032437A (en) | Road asphalt modifier and modified road asphalt, a preparation method thereof and asphalt mixture | |
| CN115491047B (en) | Segregation-free waste PE/EVA modified asphalt and preparation method thereof | |
| CN114958017B (en) | Modified matrix asphalt and preparation method thereof | |
| CN103804937A (en) | Preparation method of warm-mixing wet process TOR (Vestenamer) rubber asphalt | |
| CN114479491A (en) | High-modulus asphalt containing coal liquefied asphalt and preparation method and application thereof |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication | ||
| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |
Application publication date: 20210507 |