CN112759110A - Circulation method of uranium-containing fluorine-containing wastewater - Google Patents

Circulation method of uranium-containing fluorine-containing wastewater Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112759110A
CN112759110A CN202011350804.6A CN202011350804A CN112759110A CN 112759110 A CN112759110 A CN 112759110A CN 202011350804 A CN202011350804 A CN 202011350804A CN 112759110 A CN112759110 A CN 112759110A
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fluorine
uranium
value
potassium
potassium carbonate
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李帅
胡锦明
宋传令
王剑卫
罗一峰
江志文
李志雄
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China Nuclear 272 Uranium Industry Co ltd
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D53/00Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/74General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
    • B01D53/77Liquid phase processes
    • B01D53/78Liquid phase processes with gas-liquid contact
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D53/00Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/46Removing components of defined structure
    • B01D53/64Heavy metals or compounds thereof, e.g. mercury
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D53/00Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/46Removing components of defined structure
    • B01D53/68Halogens or halogen compounds
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F9/00Multistage treatment of water, waste water or sewage
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/001Processes for the treatment of water whereby the filtration technique is of importance
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/66Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by neutralisation; pH adjustment
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F2001/007Processes including a sedimentation step
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2101/00Nature of the contaminant
    • C02F2101/006Radioactive compounds
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2101/00Nature of the contaminant
    • C02F2101/10Inorganic compounds
    • C02F2101/12Halogens or halogen-containing compounds
    • C02F2101/14Fluorine or fluorine-containing compounds
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2101/00Nature of the contaminant
    • C02F2101/10Inorganic compounds
    • C02F2101/20Heavy metals or heavy metal compounds
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2103/00Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
    • C02F2103/18Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated from the purification of gaseous effluents
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02CCAPTURE, STORAGE, SEQUESTRATION OR DISPOSAL OF GREENHOUSE GASES [GHG]
    • Y02C20/00Capture or disposal of greenhouse gases
    • Y02C20/30Capture or disposal of greenhouse gases of perfluorocarbons [PFC], hydrofluorocarbons [HFC] or sulfur hexafluoride [SF6]

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
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  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
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Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of radioactive wastewater treatment, and particularly relates to a circulation method of uranium-containing fluorine-containing wastewater. Through the circulation process flow, the potassium carbonate solution of 200g/L is leached, acidified, precipitated and transformed to obtain the solution containing the potassium carbonate medium of 120 g/L. The method can recycle the wastewater by controlling the acidification pH value to be 4-5, the precipitation pH value to be 10-11, the defluorination pH value to be 11-12 and the potassium carbonate transformation pH value to be 8-9.

Description

Circulation method of uranium-containing fluorine-containing wastewater
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of radioactive wastewater treatment, and particularly relates to a circulation method of uranium-containing fluorine-containing wastewater.
Background
At present, domestic related enterprises mainly adopt two process flows for treating the wastewater.
1. Resin adsorption process
Absorbing tail gas containing uranium and fluorine by adopting about 5 percent of sodium carbonate as leacheate, recovering uranium by using an ion exchange method and an extraction method when the concentration of uranium and fluorine ions in the leacheate reaches a specified value, treating tail water after adsorption by using calcium hydroxide, removing fluorine ions and trace uranium, and discharging after reaching the standard.
2. Alkaline precipitation process
Absorbing tail gas containing uranium and fluorine by adopting about 5 percent of sodium carbonate as leacheate, acidifying the leacheate by using production waste acid after the concentration of fluorine ions in the leacheate reaches a specified value and adding sodium hydroxide to form sodium diuranate precipitate and recover uranium, removing fluorine from precipitated mother liquor by using carbide slag (calcium hydroxide), and performing deep fluorine removal and uranium removal according to the content of fluorine and uranium in waste water and then discharging the tail gas up to the standard.
The leaching medium adopted in the two process flows has the concentration of 5% sodium carbonate, the content of the effective carbonate is low, the leaching solution is frequently replaced, the amount of generated wastewater is large, and the wastewater needs to be discharged after final treatment.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects, the invention aims to provide a recycling method of uranium-containing fluorine-containing wastewater, wherein leaching media of the uranium-containing fluorine-containing radioactive wastewater are replaced by potassium carbonate, and the leached wastewater is transformed into potassium carbonate solution through carbon dioxide after uranium and fluorine are removed and then is returned to a production line for re-leaching, so that wastewater recycling is realized, and the amount of discharged wastewater is reduced.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a circulation method of uranium-containing fluorine-containing wastewater comprises the steps of first step, alkali leaching, second step, acidification, third step, precipitation, fourth step, fluoride removal of carbide slag, and fifth step, regeneration of potassium carbonate;
firstly, leaching with alkali;
the leaching medium is potassium carbonate solution, 200g/L potassium carbonate solution is prepared according to the concentration of the returned regenerated potassium carbonate solution, uranium and fluorine-containing waste gas is leached to generate uranyl potassium tricarbonate and potassium fluoride, the replacement pH value of leaching liquid is controlled within the range of 7-8, and the following reactions are involved:
UF6+2H2O=UO2F2+4HF
2F2+2H2O=4HF+O2
2HF+K2CO3=2KF+CO2↑+H2O
UO2F2+3K2CO3=K4[UO2(CO3)3]+2KF
step two, acidification;
the waste hydrofluoric acid of the production line is reacted with the wastewater to be treated to remove carbonate in the wastewater, the pH value is controlled to be 4-5, and the method relates to the following reaction:
K4[UO2(CO3)3]+6HF=UO2F2+4KF+3CO2↑+3H2O
K2CO3+2HF=2KF+CO2↑+H2O
step three, precipitation;
adding potassium hydroxide into the waste liquid after the carbonate radical is removed to precipitate uranium in a potassium diuranate form, controlling the pH value to be 10-11, and relating to the following reaction:
2UO2F2+6KOH=K2U2O7↓+3H2O+4KF
step four, removing fluorine from the carbide slag;
adding carbide slag into the precipitation mother liquor, precipitating fluorine in a calcium fluoride form, filtering and removing the fluorine, controlling the pH value to be 11-12, and involving the following reactions:
KF+Ca(OH)2=CaF2↓+KOH
step five, regenerating potassium carbonate;
and introducing carbon dioxide gas into the defluorinated mother liquor to convert potassium hydroxide into potassium carbonate, returning to leaching, and controlling the pH value to be 8-9, wherein the method relates to the following reaction:
2KOH+CO2=K2CO3+H2O。
the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. through the circulation process flow, the potassium carbonate solution of 200g/L is leached, acidified, precipitated and transformed to obtain the solution containing the potassium carbonate medium of 120 g/L.
2. The wastewater can be recycled by controlling the acidification pH value to be 4-5, the precipitation pH value to be 10-11, the defluorination pH value to be 11-12 and the potassium carbonate transformation pH value to be 8-9.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow diagram of the process of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
A circulation method of uranium-containing fluorine-containing wastewater comprises the steps of first step, alkali leaching, second step, acidification, third step, precipitation, fourth step, fluoride removal of carbide slag, and fifth step, regeneration of potassium carbonate;
step one, alkaline leaching;
leaching medium is potassium carbonate solution, preparing about 200g/L potassium carbonate solution according to the concentration of the returned regenerated potassium carbonate solution, leaching uranium-containing and fluorine-containing waste gas to generate uranyl potassium tricarbonate and potassium fluoride, controlling the replacement pH value of leaching solution to be in the range of 7-8, and relating to the following reaction:
UF6+2H2O=UO2F2+4HF
2F2+2H2O=4HF+O2
2HF+K2CO3=2KF+CO2↑+H2O
UO2F2+3K2CO3=K4[UO2(CO3)3]+2KF
step two, acidification;
the waste hydrofluoric acid of the production line is reacted with the wastewater to be treated to remove carbonate in the wastewater, the pH value is controlled to be 4-5, and the method relates to the following reaction:
K4[UO2(CO3)3]+6HF=UO2F2+4KF+3CO2↑+3H2O
K2CO3+2HF=2KF+CO2↑+H2O
step three, precipitation;
adding potassium hydroxide into the waste liquid after the carbonate radical is removed to precipitate uranium in a potassium diuranate form, controlling the pH value to be 10-11, and relating to the following reaction:
2UO2F2+6KOH=K2U2O7↓+3H2O+4KF
step four, removing fluorine from the carbide slag;
adding carbide slag into the precipitation mother liquor, precipitating fluorine in a calcium fluoride form, filtering and removing the fluorine, controlling the pH value to be 11-12, and involving the following reactions:
KF+Ca(OH)2=CaF2↓+KOH
step five, regenerating potassium carbonate;
and introducing carbon dioxide gas into the defluorinated mother liquor to convert potassium hydroxide into potassium carbonate, returning to leaching, and controlling the pH value to be 8-9, wherein the method relates to the following reaction:
2KOH+CO2=K2CO3+H2O
in the drawings of the disclosed embodiments of the invention, only methods related to the disclosed embodiments are referred to, other methods can refer to common design, and the same embodiment and different embodiments of the invention can be combined with each other without conflict;
the above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that are within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. A circulation method of uranium-containing fluorine-containing wastewater comprises the steps of first step, alkali leaching, second step, acidification, third step, precipitation, fourth step, fluoride removal of carbide slag, and fifth step, regeneration of potassium carbonate;
the method is characterized in that:
step one, alkaline leaching;
leaching the regenerated potassium carbonate solution to obtain a 200g/L potassium carbonate solution, leaching the uranium-containing and fluorine-containing waste gas to generate uranyl potassium tricarbonate and potassium fluoride, wherein the leaching medium is a potassium carbonate solution, and the reaction is as follows:
UF6+2H2O=UO2F2+4HF
2F2+2H2O=4HF+O2
2HF+K2CO3=2KF+CO2↑+H2O
UO2F2+3K2CO3=K4[UO2(CO3)3]+2KF
step two, acidification;
the waste hydrofluoric acid in the production line is reacted with the waste water to be treated to remove carbonate in the waste water, and the method relates to the following reaction:
K4[UO2(CO3)3]+6HF=UO2F2+4KF+3CO2↑+3H2O
K2CO3+2HF=2KF+CO2↑+H2O
step three, precipitation;
adding potassium hydroxide into the waste liquid after the carbonate radical is removed to precipitate uranium in a form of potassium diuranate, and relating to the following reactions:
2UO2F2+6KOH=K2U2O7↓+3H2O+4KF
step four, removing fluorine from the carbide slag;
adding carbide slag into the precipitation mother liquor to precipitate fluorine in the form of calcium fluoride, and filtering to remove fluorine, wherein the reaction comprises the following steps:
KF+Ca(OH)2=CaF2↓+KOH
step five, regenerating potassium carbonate;
introducing carbon dioxide gas into the defluorinated mother liquor to convert potassium hydroxide into potassium carbonate, returning to leaching, and relating to the following reactions:
2KOH+CO2=K2CO3+H2O。
2. the recycling method of uranium-containing fluorine-containing wastewater according to claim 1, characterized in that: and step one, alkaline leaching, and controlling the replacement pH value of the leacheate to be 7-8.
3. The recycling method of uranium-containing fluorine-containing wastewater according to claim 1, characterized in that: and step two, acidifying, and controlling the pH value to be 4-5.
4. The recycling method of uranium-containing fluorine-containing wastewater according to claim 1, characterized in that: and step three, precipitating, and controlling the pH value to be 10-11.
5. The recycling method of uranium-containing fluorine-containing wastewater according to claim 1, characterized in that: and step four, removing fluorine from the carbide slag, and controlling the pH value to be 11-12.
6. The recycling method of uranium-containing fluorine-containing wastewater according to claim 1, characterized in that: and fifthly, regenerating potassium carbonate, and controlling the pH value to be 8-9.
7. The recycling method of uranium-containing fluorine-containing wastewater according to claim 1, characterized in that: firstly, leaching with alkali;
the leaching medium is potassium carbonate solution, 200g/L potassium carbonate solution is prepared according to the concentration of the returned regenerated potassium carbonate solution, uranium and fluorine-containing waste gas is leached to generate uranyl potassium tricarbonate and potassium fluoride, the replacement pH value of leaching liquid is controlled within the range of 7-8, and the following reactions are involved:
UF6+2H2O=UO2F2+4HF
2F2+2H2O=4HF+O2
2HF+K2CO3=2KF+CO2↑+H2O
UO2F2+3K2CO3=K4[UO2(CO3)3]+2KF
step two, acidification;
the waste hydrofluoric acid of the production line is reacted with the wastewater to be treated to remove carbonate in the wastewater, the pH value is controlled to be 4-5, and the method relates to the following reaction:
K4[UO2(CO3)3]+6HF=UO2F2+4KF+3CO2↑+3H2O
K2CO3+2HF=2KF+CO2↑+H2O
step three, precipitation;
adding potassium hydroxide into the waste liquid after the carbonate radical is removed to precipitate uranium in a potassium diuranate form, controlling the pH value to be 10-11, and relating to the following reaction:
2UO2F2+6KOH=K2U2O7↓+3H2O+4KF
step four, removing fluorine from the carbide slag;
adding carbide slag into the precipitation mother liquor, precipitating fluorine in a calcium fluoride form, filtering and removing the fluorine, controlling the pH value to be 11-12, and involving the following reactions:
KF+Ca(OH)2=CaF2↓+KOH
step five, regenerating potassium carbonate;
and introducing carbon dioxide gas into the defluorinated mother liquor to convert potassium hydroxide into potassium carbonate, returning to leaching, and controlling the pH value to be 8-9, wherein the method relates to the following reaction:
2KOH+CO2=K2CO3+H2O。
CN202011350804.6A 2020-11-26 2020-11-26 Circulation method of uranium-containing fluorine-containing wastewater Pending CN112759110A (en)

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113373681A (en) * 2021-05-11 2021-09-10 西南科技大学 Method for treating nuclear fuel element process wastewater by using polyamine functionalized fiber
CN114853208A (en) * 2022-04-27 2022-08-05 中陕核工业集团综合分析测试有限公司 Method for harmless treatment and resource utilization of associated mine radioactive acidic wastewater
CN117551894A (en) * 2023-10-31 2024-02-13 湖南中核金原新材料有限责任公司 Method for improving uranium leaching rate in extraction residues of tantalum-niobium ores

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106508071B (en) * 2008-05-30 2011-12-07 中核兰州铀浓缩有限公司 Uranium-bearing, the drip washing of fluorine tail gas and leacheate regeneration technology
CN103280612A (en) * 2013-05-23 2013-09-04 蔡意中 Energy-saving and environment-friendly method for recycling waste acid storage batteries

Patent Citations (2)

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CN103280612A (en) * 2013-05-23 2013-09-04 蔡意中 Energy-saving and environment-friendly method for recycling waste acid storage batteries

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Title
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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113373681A (en) * 2021-05-11 2021-09-10 西南科技大学 Method for treating nuclear fuel element process wastewater by using polyamine functionalized fiber
CN114853208A (en) * 2022-04-27 2022-08-05 中陕核工业集团综合分析测试有限公司 Method for harmless treatment and resource utilization of associated mine radioactive acidic wastewater
CN117551894A (en) * 2023-10-31 2024-02-13 湖南中核金原新材料有限责任公司 Method for improving uranium leaching rate in extraction residues of tantalum-niobium ores
CN117551894B (en) * 2023-10-31 2024-04-09 湖南中核金原新材料有限责任公司 Method for improving uranium leaching rate in extraction residues of tantalum-niobium ores

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