CN112758291A

CN112758291A - High-power sealed rim propeller

Info

Publication number: CN112758291A
Application number: CN202110110556.6A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王前进
Original assignee: Wuhan Boymai Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Wuhan Boymai Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2021-01-27
Filing date: 2021-01-27
Publication date: 2021-05-07

Abstract

The invention discloses a high-power sealing rim propeller, which comprises a rotating shaft, a shell, a stator and a rotor, wherein the rotating shaft is in a hollow and horn-shaped structure, is movably connected in the shell through a bearing and comprises a large end part, a small end part and a gradual change part; the large end part is fixed with a propeller, and the small end part is fixed with a rotor; the stator is fixed on the shell and corresponds to the rotor; the side edge of the bearing is provided with a sealing component, the sealing component comprises a concave pole and a convex pole, and one of the concave pole and the convex pole is fixed on a rotating shaft; the permanent magnet is arranged on the outer side of the concave pole, and the U-shaped groove is arranged on the inner side of the concave pole; the top of the salient pole is arranged in the groove, and a U-shaped gap is formed between the salient pole and the groove; magnetic fluid is filled in the gap; the magnetic fluid is accumulated at the bottom of the groove under the action of a magnetic field provided by the magnetic poles at the inner side of the permanent magnet, and a U-shaped sealing belt is formed between the salient pole and the concave pole by utilizing the principle of static pressure balance of the fluid in the U-shaped pipe. The invention provides a high-power sealing rim propeller with low friction coefficient and high propelling efficiency.

Description

High-power sealed rim propeller

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of power engineering machinery, and particularly relates to a high-power sealing rim propeller with low friction coefficient and high propelling efficiency.

Technical Field

In recent years, with the development of maritime work and water entertainment, the performance requirements on the propeller are higher and higher, the traditional shaft-driven propeller has the disadvantages of multiple parts, complex structure, large cabin occupied space, large energy loss, difficult vibration and noise control, high construction and maintenance cost and the like, and the inferior factors are gradually highlighted, so that the working requirements cannot be better met, and people gradually turn the eyes to a more advanced shaftless propulsion system.

Shaftless drive propeller divide into does not have the hub and has two kinds of forms in the hub, and the propeller mainly is cylindrical including the stator and the rotor that have the motor, and the rotor is built-in the rotor, and the magnetic pole equipartition in the rotor is at the radial circumference of screw, and the stator then directly arranges the screw outer lane in, and is corresponding with the magnetic pole, and the drive rotor drives the screw rotation after the circular telegram, and shaftless propeller has a lot of advantages, but also exists not enoughly: 1. the rim propeller is structurally not difficult to find, the installation space of a stator and a rotor of a motor is extremely limited, the power of the motor has a direct relation with the volume, and in order to reduce water resistance, the thickness between the rotor and a shell is required to be as thin as possible, so that the installation space of the motor part is further limited, the power of the propeller is greatly limited, and the rim propeller becomes one of key technical bottlenecks for limiting the high power of a rim propulsion system; 2. the bearing is used as a main part for supporting the rotating shaft, so that the extremely strong load capacity is provided, the rotation precision of the rotating shaft is guaranteed, however, when the motor runs underwater, in order to prevent water and other impurities from entering the bearing and the motor and prevent the lubricant from running off, the bearing is generally sealed in a contact manner, the friction coefficient of the sealing manner is large, the power ratio of extra loss is high, and a large amount of heat is generated to extremely influence the conversion efficiency of the motor.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a high-power sealing rim propeller with low friction coefficient and high propelling efficiency.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:

a high-power sealed rim propeller comprises a rotating shaft, a shell, a stator and a rotor, wherein the rotating shaft is of a hollow and horn-shaped structure and is movably connected in end covers at two sides of the shell through bearings, and the rotating shaft comprises a large end part, a small end part and a gradual change part for connecting the large end part and the small end part; the large end part is used for fixedly mounting a propeller, and the small end part is used for fixedly mounting a rotor; the stator is fixedly arranged on the shell and corresponds to the rotor; the side edge of the bearing is provided with a sealing assembly, and the sealing assembly comprises a concave pole and a convex pole, wherein one of the concave pole and the convex pole is fixed on a rotating shaft; the permanent magnet is arranged on the outer side of the concave pole, and the U-shaped or V-shaped groove is arranged on the inner side of the concave pole; the tops of the salient poles are arranged in the grooves, and U-shaped or V-shaped gaps are formed between the salient poles and the grooves; magnetic fluid is filled in the gap; the magnetic fluid is accumulated at the bottom of the groove under the action of a magnetic field provided by the magnetic poles at the inner side of the permanent magnet, and a U-shaped or V-shaped sealing strip is formed between the salient pole and the concave pole by utilizing the principle of static pressure balance of the fluid in the U-shaped pipe; the beneficial effects are that: the rotating shaft is of a hollow and horn-shaped structure, in the operation process, fluid enters from the large end part and passes through the gradual change part, the speed is increased due to the relation of changing of the inrush cross section area, the speed reaches the maximum value at the narrowest part, the static pressure reaches the minimum value, so that the fluid is sprayed out from the small end part at high speed, the spraying speed of the water outlet is increased by utilizing the Venturi effect, the propelling efficiency is improved, particularly in combination with the horn-shaped structural characteristics of the rotating shaft, the installation space of the motor is greatly improved by the small end part after gradual change, the motor part can be arranged at the small end part, as is well known, the power of the motor has a great relation with the volume of the motor, the larger the power can be provided when the volume of the motor is larger, the rim propeller breaks through the conventional design and is reasonably arranged, the contradiction between the high-power stator and rotor in the rim propeller, the small volume of the rim propeller is ensured, and the propelling power and the propelling efficiency are greatly improved; the structural forms of the salient poles and the concave poles jointly create a gap with a U-shaped section, and magnetic fluid is filled in the gap; the magnetic poles on the inner side of the permanent magnet provide a radial magnetic field for the magnetic fluid in a close distance, so that the two ends of the magnetic fluid generate a potential energy moving radially outwards, the magnetic fluid is further promoted to be accumulated at the bottom of the groove to form a sealing strip, the static pressure balance of the fluid in the U-shaped pipe is realized, the sealing strip is wholly deviated to achieve new balance under the condition that the pressure difference exists between the two ends of the magnetic fluid, the sealing surface cannot be damaged, and the sealing effect is not influenced; when the salient pole or the concave pole in a rotating state drives the magnetofluid to rotate, the magnetofluid can generate centrifugal force, the direction of the centrifugal force is also outward in the radial direction, the magnetofluid enhances the potential accumulated to the bottom of the concave pole under the equidirectional superposition effect of the magnetic force and the centrifugal force, according to the principle of static pressure balance of the fluid in the U-shaped tube, the pressure difference between two ends of the magnetofluid is zero, when the pressure difference is not zero, the magnetofluid can be wholly deviated in a gap to form liquid level height difference between two ends, so that the balanced pressure difference is realized, the higher the rotating speed is, the larger the centrifugal force is, the extremely small liquid level height difference can resist extremely strong external pressure difference, the extremely good dynamic sealing effect can be ensured, the problem that the sealing thickness is stretched and thinned and punctured due to the influence of the centrifugal force of the magnetofluid in a high-speed state is not worried about, the stronger the capacity of resisting the external pressure difference, the more suitable the working condition that the external pressure difference increases along with the increase of the rotating speed, and the self-regulation capacity is strong; if the distance between the outer ring and the inner ring of the bearing is large enough, the sealing assembly can be directly integrated between the outer ring and the inner ring of the bearing to form the sealing bearing for use in order to simplify the structure.

Preferably, a carrier liquid strip for increasing the contact area with the magnetic fluid is arranged in the gap and is fixed on the rotating part; the beneficial effects are that: the liquid carrying bar is used as an extension part of the concave pole or the convex pole, so that the surface contact area of the concave pole or the convex pole and the magnetic fluid is indirectly increased, the capacity of the concave pole or the convex pole for driving the magnetic fluid to rotate is enhanced, the magnetic fluid can obtain more energy to rotate, and a larger centrifugal force is generated; the carrier liquid bar can be made of a material with a sponge structure, such as high-density sponge, and is mainly characterized by flexibility and porosity, fluid can freely shuttle in pores of the carrier liquid bar without affecting the fluidity of the carrier liquid bar and further without affecting the sealing effect of the fluid, and more importantly, the sponge structure of the carrier liquid bar is criss-cross, so that the capacity of the rotating part for driving the magnetic fluid to rotate is greatly increased; in general, the carrier strip may be replaced with batt fiber or down for cost savings.

Furthermore, the permanent magnet is of an annular structure, is magnetized by radiation and is a single-pole radiation ring, magnetic poles are respectively positioned at the inner side and the outer side, as is known, the magnetic poles are the parts with the strongest magnetic force in the magnet, magnetic induction lines are distributed most densely, magnetic field lines which are closer to the inner side magnetic poles of the annular permanent magnet are in a radial distribution state, the grooves are tightly attached to the inner side magnetic poles of the annular permanent magnet and are positioned in the middle position, so that the whole magnetic fluid sealing strip is positioned in the optimal position where the magnetic poles provide the magnetic field in a short distance, the maximum radial magnetic force can be obtained, the magnetic fluid is further promoted to be accumulated at the bottom of the grooves to form the sealing strip, the static pressure balance of. The permanent magnet can be formed by combining a plurality of fan-shaped permanent magnets in a staggered manner, a radiation ring can be adopted for the annular permanent magnet with a small radius, the processing is easy, but the processing is not easy for the annular permanent magnet with a large diameter, and the processing difficulty can be reduced by adopting a combined manner; in order to make the magnetic field distribution more uniform, the sector permanent magnets are arranged in a staggered manner, and a radiation magnetizing or radial magnetizing mode is adopted.

Preferably, the salient pole is fixed on the outer ring through a support ring, and the concave pole and the permanent magnet are connected into a whole and fixed on the inner ring through a rotating ring; the beneficial effects are that: the permanent magnet and the concave pole are connected into a whole to further shorten the distance between the magnetic pole and the magnetic fluid, so that the magnetic fluid can obtain larger magnetic force and generate stronger sealing performance; the concave pole is fixed on the rotating component, on one hand, the magnetic fluid is accumulated towards the bottom of the groove under the action of a magnetic field, the magnetic particles in the magnetic fluid are distributed unevenly under the action of the magnetic field, the concentration of the magnetic particles is denser at the part closer to the magnetic pole, and further the part closer to the magnetic pole is, the viscosity of the magnetic fluid is higher, compared with the salient pole, the concave pole rotates to drive the magnetic fluid to obtain centrifugal force, so that the sealing performance is higher in a dynamic sealing state, and the viscosity of the magnetic fluid close to the salient pole is small, the friction force between the magnetic fluid and the salient pole is small during rotation, and the heat generated during operation is relatively small; on the other hand, in the sealing structure, the concave part is arranged at the outer ring of the salient pole, the surface contact area of the concave pole and the magnetic fluid is larger than that of the salient pole and the magnetic fluid, the generated static friction force is large, the transmitted energy is large, the capacity of driving the magnetic fluid to rotate is better than that of the salient pole, and in the rotating process, the speed of the concave pole line at the outer ring is larger than that of the salient pole at the inner ring, the generated centrifugal force is larger, and the resistance to external pressure difference is better facilitated; the concave pole is preferably made of flexible materials, such as high-elasticity polymers with strong plasticity, more specifically polytetrafluoroethylene, which is resistant to high temperature and low temperature, and when the concave pole is made of flexible materials, the annular permanent magnet can be used as a support to provide powerful support for the concave pole, so that the concave pole is ensured not to deform during high-speed operation, the sealing effect is further ensured, and the number of parts is reduced; it is especially pointed out that, because the magnetic poles of the permanent magnet are respectively positioned at the inner side and the outer side, the inner side magnetic pole provides a magnetic field for the magnetic fluid, and the outer side magnetic pole can also provide a magnetic field, if a U-shaped gap is formed in the outer space of the permanent magnet, the magnetic grease can be filled in the non-Newtonian magnetic fluid with high viscosity and low cost, and an auxiliary sealing strip is formed under the action of centrifugal force.

The salient pole is arranged on the outer ring through the supporting ring, the concave pole is arranged on the inner ring through the rotating ring, for a small-radius ground bearing, the wall thickness of the outer ring is small, the salient pole is directly machined on the outer ring with high difficulty, the thickness of the magnetic pole is limited by narrow space, the magnetic force of the magnetic pole on the magnetic fluid is reduced, the sealing performance is affected, the supporting ring and the rotating ring are used as extension parts of the outer ring and the inner ring, the machining difficulty is reduced, the installation space of the magnetic pole is increased, and the supporting ring and the salient pole can be integrally designed.

Preferably, the outer end of the rotating ring is provided with an isolation plate, the isolation plate is fixed on the outer ring, and lubricating grease is filled between the rotating ring and the outer ring; the beneficial effects are that: the labyrinth type sealing structure is formed, a U-shaped gap is formed at the periphery of the permanent magnet, lubricating grease, preferably magnetic lubricating grease, can be filled in the gap, and auxiliary sealing is formed by fully utilizing the centrifugal effect generated when the rotating ring operates and the strong magnetic attraction of the magnetic pole of the permanent magnet to the magnetic lubricating grease, so that the sealing performance is improved.

Preferably, the outer end of the isolation plate is provided with a mud throwing ring which is fixed on the inner ring; the beneficial effects are that: the high-speed rotatory mud ring of getting rid of can utilize the effect of centrifugal force to throw away large granule impurity such as silt of aquatic, avoids impurity to get into the fluid seal area in, influences sealing performance.

Preferably, the female pole rim contacts the salient pole to form a seal, the magnetic fluid being confined in a "U" or "V" shaped gap formed between the salient pole and the female pole; the beneficial effects are that: on one hand, the magnetic fluid can be prevented from being greatly leaked out when the magnetic fluid is separated from the constraint of magnetic force during violent vibration; on the other hand, the magnetic fluid sealing device can prevent external impurities from entering the magnetic fluid to influence the characteristics of the magnetic fluid and ensure the sealing effect.

Preferably, the salient pole is arranged on the inner ring, and the permanent magnet and the concave pole are connected into a whole and fixed on the outer ring; the beneficial effects are that: the magnetic field generator is suitable for occasions where the exciting body needs to be arranged on the outer side of the permanent magnet, the connection of a winding coil on the exciting body is convenient, the rotating salient poles drive the magnetic fluid to rotate, and the fluid generates centrifugal force.

Preferably, an exciter is arranged on the outer side of the permanent magnet, a coil is wound on the exciter, and a magnetic field is generated after the coil is electrified; the excitation body is fixed on the outer sleeve; the beneficial effects are that: the exciter with the coil generates a magnetic field after being electrified, the intensity change of the magnetic field generated by the exciter can be controlled by changing the current, so that the sealing intensity is controllable, the exciter is suitable for working occasions with special requirements, and further, the exciter with the coil is fixedly arranged on a static part outside the concave pole, thereby facilitating the connection of a circuit.

Furthermore, the excitation body comprises excitation columns and excitation rings, and the excitation columns wound with coils are uniformly distributed on the excitation rings; the excitation column wound with the coil is electrified to provide a magnetic field, and the excitation ring distributes the magnetic field along the circumference, so that the distribution uniformity of the magnetic fluid is ensured, and the sealing effect is further ensured; the excitation body with large radius can be manufactured in a mode of split combination and staggered arrangement.

Preferably, the shell is provided with an air pressure adjusting device for balancing the internal and external pressure difference; the beneficial effects are that: for extreme environments, the air pressure adjusting device is used for balancing the pressure difference between the outside and the inside of the motor or the generator, reducing the pressure difference between the inside and the outside, reaching the range capable of being borne by the sealing assembly, ensuring the sealing effect, and being controllably adjusted by adopting an air compressor.

Furthermore, the air pressure adjusting device comprises a cylinder body and a piston, wherein the two ends of the cylinder body are provided with openings, and the piston is arranged in the cylinder body; the beneficial effects are that: the cylinder body is fixed on a static component, the openings at two ends of the cylinder body are communicated with the outside and the atmosphere in the motor or the generator, the piston is arranged in the cylinder body and slides under the action of the internal and external pressure difference to balance the pressure difference, and the purpose of self-adjusting the internal and external pressure difference is realized.

Preferably, the sealed bearing enables the inner space of the propeller to be made into a closed state, the inner space can be filled with insulating liquid, preferably insulating oil, so as to exhaust gas in the inner space, when the external pressure of the sealed bearing changes, the strong compression resistance of the inner liquid enables the liquid level difference of the sealing strip not to change basically, the high-strength sealing effect is ensured, and the insulating liquid can also play a role in lubricating the moving part and dissipating heat.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: 1. the high-power sealed rim propeller increases the jet speed of a water outlet by utilizing the Venturi effect, improves the propelling efficiency, and simultaneously skillfully utilizes the structural characteristics of the rotating shaft to arrange the motor part at the small end part, thereby greatly increasing the installation space of the motor and improving the power of the propeller; 2. the sealing breaks through the method that the magnetic fluid is bound in the air gap of the magnetic circuit for sealing through axial magnetic pulling force in the conventional method, but a magnetic force which faces outwards in the radial direction is applied to the magnetic fluid, and the magnetic fluid is promoted to form a U-shaped sealing strip by utilizing the principle of static pressure balance of the fluid in a U-shaped pipe, so that the sealing strip not only ensures the characteristic of a low friction pair of the magnetic fluid, but also eliminates the risk of sealing failure caused by the action of centrifugal force of the magnetic fluid; 3. the centrifugal force is changed from the harmful surface to the beneficial surface, the higher the rotating speed is, the larger the centrifugal force is, the stronger the sealing effect is, and the self-regulation capability is extremely strong; 4. the self-regulating capacity of the internal and external pressure difference can make the device used in extreme environment.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a high-power sealed rim thruster according to a first embodiment;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the rotating shaft according to the first embodiment;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a seal assembly according to one embodiment;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the recess and carrier bar according to one embodiment;

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a monopole radiation ring of the first embodiment;

FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a permanent magnet according to a first embodiment;

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of an equilibrium state of the seal assembly according to the first embodiment in the presence of a pressure differential;

FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a high power sealed rim thruster according to a second embodiment;

FIG. 9 is a schematic structural view of the seal assembly according to the second embodiment;

FIG. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of a high power sealed rim thruster according to the third embodiment;

FIG. 11 is a schematic structural view of the seal assembly according to the third embodiment;

FIG. 12 is a structural view showing the integrated design of the exciter body according to the third embodiment;

FIG. 13 is a structural view showing the exciter body of the third embodiment in a combined form;

FIG. 14 is a schematic structural diagram of a high power sealed rim thruster according to the fourth embodiment;

FIG. 15 is a schematic structural view of a seal assembly according to the fourth embodiment;

in the figure: 1. a stator; 2. a rotor; 2-1, a rotating shaft; 2-1-1, big end; 2-1-2, small end; 2-1-3, a transition section; 3. a propeller; 4. salient poles; 5. a magnetic fluid; 6. a concave pole; 61. a half-arc ring; 7. carrying a liquid bar; 8. a rotating ring; 9. a permanent magnet; 91. permanent magnetic tiles; 10. a separator plate; 11. lubricating grease; 12. a support ring; 13. a bearing; 14. an end cap; 15. a shaft sleeve; 16. a housing; 17. throwing mud rings; 18. a piston; 19. a cylinder body; 20. a stuffing box; 21. a sealing groove; 22. an exciter body; 22-1, excitation column; 22-2, a coil; 22-3, exciting a magnetic ring; 23. a positioning frame; 24. a lead slot; 25. a protective filter screen; 26. a water inlet; 27. and (4) insulating oil.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Example one

As shown in fig. 1 to 7, a high-power sealed rim propeller comprises a rotating shaft 2-1, a stator 1, a rotor 2, a shell 16 and an end cover 14, wherein the rotating shaft 2-1 is of a hollow and horn-shaped structure and comprises a large end part 2-1-1, a small end part 2-1-2 and a transition gradual change part 2-1-3 between the large end part and the small end part; the large end part 2-1-1 is used for fixedly mounting a propeller 3, the small end part 2-1-2 is used for fixedly mounting a rotor 2, and the rotor 2 comprises a rotor iron core and magnetic steel substrates uniformly distributed on the rotor iron core; the rotating shaft 2-1 with the end part provided with the shaft sleeve 15 is fixed in end covers 14 at two sides of a shell 16 through a bearing 13, and a stator 1 is fixed on the shell 16 to provide a rotating magnetic field for the rotor 2; a sealing assembly is arranged on the outer side of the bearing 13, the sealing assembly comprises a concave pole 6 and a convex pole 4, the concave pole 6 and a permanent magnet 9 are connected into a whole and are fixed at the end part of a shaft sleeve 15 through a rotating ring 8, a U-shaped groove is formed in the concave pole 6, and the concave pole 6 is formed by pouring flexible materials such as silica gel, polytetrafluoroethylene and the like; the salient poles 4 are fixed at the end parts of the end covers 14 through support rings 12, the tops of the salient poles are arranged in the grooves, and U-shaped gaps are formed between the salient poles and the grooves; the gap is filled with magnetic fluid 5; the permanent magnet 9 is an annular permanent magnet, is magnetized in a radiation mode and is a monopole radiation ring; the magnetic fluid 5 overcomes the gravity and accumulates towards the bottom of the groove under the action of a radial magnetic field provided by a permanent magnet 9 on the outer side of the concave pole 6, and a U-shaped sealing strip is formed between the salient pole 4 and the concave pole 6 by utilizing the principle of static pressure balance of fluid in a U-shaped pipe; when the magnetic fluid generating device runs, the rotating ring 8 drives the permanent magnet 9 to rotate together with the concave pole 6, and the concave pole 6 in a rotating state drives the magnetic fluid 5 to rotate, so that the magnetic fluid 5 generates a radial outward centrifugal force; the magnetic fluid 5 is accumulated at the bottom of the groove of the concave 6-shaped groove under the combined action of centrifugal force and magnetic force; in order to increase the capacity of the concave electrode 6 for driving the magnetic fluid 5 to rotate, a liquid carrying strip 7 is bonded on the concave electrode 6, and the liquid carrying strip 7 is made of fine sponge; a stuffing box 20 is arranged at the gap between the salient pole 4 and the shaft sleeve 15 and is used for preventing lubricating grease from entering the magnetic fluid sealing tape; an isolation plate 10 is arranged at the outer end of the rotating ring 8, the isolation plate 10 is fixed on an end cover 14, and magnetic lubricating grease 11 is filled in a U-shaped gap formed among the rotating ring 8, the isolation plate 10, the support ring 12 and the end cover 14; the outer end of the isolation plate is provided with a mud throwing ring 17, and granular impurities can be thrown out by utilizing centrifugal force; the end cover 14 is provided with a sealing groove 21.

According to the principle of static pressure balance of fluid in the U-shaped pipe, when the sealing belt is in a static sealing state, the magnetic fluid 5 keeps balance under the action of a magnetic pole above the concave pole 6; when there is no pressure difference between the two ends of the magnetic fluid 5, the height difference h of the liquid level at the two ends is zero, when the pressure at any end is increased, the magnetic fluid 5 will move to the side with low pressure integrally until the height difference h of the liquid level reaches a certain value, and a new balance is reached under the action of the magnetic force under the external pressure difference; when the sealing strip is in a dynamic sealing state, the rotating concave pole 6 drives the magnetic fluid 5 to rotate, the magnetic fluid 5 is under the action of magnetic force and centrifugal force, the magnetic fluid and the centrifugal force are superposed in the same direction, a force field is provided together to balance pressure difference, the higher the rotating speed is, the larger the centrifugal force is, the extremely small liquid level height difference h can resist extremely strong external pressure difference change, the excellent dynamic sealing effect is ensured, and the problem that the sealing failure is caused by the fact that the fluid is broken down due to the stretching and thinning of the sealing thickness caused by the influence of the centrifugal force under the high-speed state is not worrie.

It should be noted that the magnetic grease 11 is filled in the gap between the rotating ring 8, the isolation plate 10 and the support ring 12 to form a simple U-shaped groove, the magnetic grease 11 is attracted by the permanent magnet 9 and is not easy to leak, so as to effectively prevent the impurities from entering, and during operation, the magnetic grease 11 has an enhanced sealing effect under the centrifugal force of the rotating ring, so as to further isolate the liquid and further improve the sealing effect; the permanent magnet 9 with the annular structure can be designed integrally, and can also be formed by combining a plurality of fan-shaped permanent magnet tiles 91, so that the distribution of the magnetic field is more uniform and the installation is more convenient, the permanent magnet tiles 91 can be arranged in a staggered manner, and the processing cost can be greatly reduced for a large-diameter bearing.

It is necessary to supplement that the sealing assembly makes the internal space of the motor or generator be in a closed state, in order to increase the sealing performance of the underwater motor or generator, the internal space can be filled with insulating liquid, preferably insulating oil 27, to exhaust the gas in the internal space, when the external pressure of the sealing assembly changes, the strong compression resistance of the internal liquid makes the liquid level difference of the sealing belt not change basically, the sealing effect in extreme environment is ensured, and the insulating liquid can also play a role in lubricating the moving part and dissipating heat.

Example two

As shown in fig. 8-9, a high-power sealed rim propeller comprises a rotating shaft 2-1, a stator 1, a rotor 2, a shell 16 and an end cover 14, wherein the rotating shaft 2-1 is of a hollow and horn-shaped structure and comprises a large end part 2-1-1, a small end part 2-1-2 and a transition gradual change part 2-1-3 between the large end part and the small end part; the large end part 2-1-1 is used for fixedly mounting a propeller 3, the small end part 2-1-2 is used for fixedly mounting a rotor 2, and the rotor 2 comprises a rotor iron core and magnetic steel substrates uniformly distributed on the rotor iron core; the rotating shaft 2-1 with the end part provided with the shaft sleeve 15 is fixed in end covers 14 at two sides of a shell 16 through a bearing 13, and a stator 1 is fixed on the shell 16 to provide a rotating magnetic field for the rotor 2; sealing components are arranged at two side ends of the bearing 13, each sealing component comprises a concave pole 6 and a convex pole 4, the concave poles 6 and the permanent magnets 9 are connected into a whole and fixed at the end parts of the end covers 14, U-shaped grooves are formed in the concave poles 6, and the concave poles 6 are formed by pouring flexible materials such as silica gel, polytetrafluoroethylene and the like; the salient pole 4 is fixed at the end part of the shaft sleeve 15, the top part of the salient pole is arranged in the groove, and a V-shaped gap is formed between the salient pole and the groove; the gap is filled with magnetic fluid 5; the permanent magnet 9 is an annular permanent magnet, is magnetized in a radiation mode and is a monopole radiation ring; the magnetic fluid 5 overcomes the gravity and accumulates towards the bottom of the groove under the action of a radial magnetic field provided by a permanent magnet 9 on the outer side of the concave pole 6, and a V-shaped sealing strip is formed between the salient pole 4 and the concave pole 6 by utilizing the principle of static pressure balance of fluid in a U-shaped pipe; when the magnetic fluid generating device runs, the rotating ring 8 drives the permanent magnet 9 to rotate together with the concave pole 6, and the concave pole 6 in a rotating state drives the magnetic fluid 5 to rotate, so that the magnetic fluid 5 generates a radial outward centrifugal force; the magnetic fluid 5 is accumulated at the bottom of the groove of the concave 6-shaped groove under the combined action of centrifugal force and magnetic force; in order to increase the capacity of the salient pole 4 for driving the magnetic fluid 5 to rotate, a liquid carrying strip 7 is bonded on the salient pole 4, and the liquid carrying strip 7 is made of fine sponge; the edge part of the concave pole 6 is slightly contacted with the salient pole 4 to form a closed space, and the magnetic fluid 5 is sealed in the closed space between the salient pole 4 and the concave pole 6 to effectively prevent external impurities from entering the magnetic fluid and also prevent the magnetic fluid from leaking out when the magnetic fluid is violently collided; the outer end of the permanent magnet 9 is provided with a rotating ring 8 and an isolation plate 10, the isolation plate 10 is fixed on an end cover 14, the rotating ring is fixed on a shaft sleeve 15, and magnetic lubricating grease 11 is filled among the rotating ring 8, the isolation plate 10 and the permanent magnet 9; the outer end of the isolation plate is provided with a mud throwing ring 17, and granular impurities can be thrown out by utilizing centrifugal force; the end cover 14 is provided with a sealing groove 21.

It should be pointed out that, because the edge of the concave pole 6 slightly contacts the convex pole 4 to form a closed space, when the external pressure changes, the edge contact part can form a first protection, if the first protection fails, a magnetic fluid sealing tape implements a second protection, and the sealing effect is ensured under the double action; and the magnetic fluid sealing strips at the two sides of the sealed bearing wrap the bearing to form a closed space, a water inlet 26 can be arranged on the end cover, a protective filter screen 25 is arranged outside the water inlet, the water inlet 26 enables liquid to enter the inside of the motor or the generator, so that the two sides of the sealed bearing are under the same pressure, the two magnetic fluid sealing strips are subjected to the same external pressure and are deflected inwards, gas in the closed space is compressed, the air pressure is increased, the pressure balance is finally achieved, the liquid is prevented from entering the inside of the bearing, the self-adaptive sealing effect is realized, the bearing can not be subjected to the resistance of the liquid when moving, the power loss is reduced, and if the bearing is in seawater, the stator and the rotor are subjected to anticorrosion treatment such as protective coating, the contact with the seawater is.

EXAMPLE III

As shown in fig. 10 to 13, a high-power sealed rim propeller comprises a rotating shaft 2-1, a stator 1, a rotor 2, a shell 16 and an end cover 14, wherein the rotating shaft 2-1 is of a hollow and horn-shaped structure and comprises a large end part 2-1-1, a small end part 2-1-2 and a transition gradual change part 2-1-3 between the large end part and the small end part; the large end part 2-1-1 is used for fixedly mounting a propeller 3, the small end part 2-1-2 is used for fixedly mounting a rotor 2, and the rotor 2 comprises a rotor iron core and magnetic steel substrates uniformly distributed on the rotor iron core; the rotating shaft 2-1 with the end part provided with the shaft sleeve 15 is fixed in end covers 14 at two sides of a shell 16 through a bearing 13, and a stator 1 is fixed on the shell 16 to provide a rotating magnetic field for the rotor 2; a sealing assembly is arranged on the outer side of the bearing 13, the sealing assembly comprises a concave pole 6 and a convex pole 4, the concave pole 6, a permanent magnet 9 and an excitation body 22 are sequentially connected into a whole from inside to outside and are fixed on a positioning frame 23, the positioning frame 23 is fixed at the end part of an end cover 14, a V-shaped groove is formed in the concave pole 6, and the concave pole 6 is formed by combining semi-arc rings 61 made of hard materials; the salient pole 4 is fixed at the end part of the shaft sleeve 15, the top part of the salient pole is arranged in the groove, and a V-shaped gap is formed between the salient pole and the groove; the gap is filled with magnetic fluid 5; the permanent magnet 9 is an annular permanent magnet and is magnetized in a radiation mode; the magnetic fluid 5 overcomes the gravity and accumulates towards the bottom of the groove under the action of a radial magnetic field provided by a permanent magnet 9 on the outer side of the concave pole 6, and a U-shaped sealing strip is formed between the salient pole 4 and the concave pole 6 by utilizing the principle of static pressure balance of fluid in a U-shaped pipe; when the magnetic fluid generating device runs, the rotating ring 8 drives the permanent magnet 9 to rotate together with the concave pole 6, and the concave pole 6 in a rotating state drives the magnetic fluid 5 to rotate, so that the magnetic fluid 5 generates a radial outward centrifugal force; the magnetic fluid 5 is accumulated at the bottom of the groove of the concave 6-shaped groove under the combined action of centrifugal force and magnetic force; in order to increase the capacity of the salient pole 4 for driving the magnetic fluid 5 to rotate, a liquid carrying strip 7 is bonded on the salient pole 4, and the liquid carrying strip 7 is made of fine sponge; a stuffing box 20 is arranged at the gap between the cathode 6 and the shaft sleeve 15 and is used for preventing lubricating grease from entering the magnetic fluid sealing tape; the outer end of the permanent magnet 9 is provided with a rotating ring 8 and an isolation plate 10, the isolation plate 10 is fixed on an end cover 14, the rotating ring is fixed on a shaft sleeve 15, and magnetic lubricating grease 11 is filled among the rotating ring 8, the isolation plate 10 and the permanent magnet 9; the outer end of the isolation plate is provided with a mud throwing ring 17, and granular impurities can be thrown out by utilizing centrifugal force; the end cover 14 is provided with a sealing groove 21.

It should be pointed out that the said exciter 22 is a ring structure, adopt the integrated design, including the excitation column 22-1, coil 22-2 and magnetic ring 22-3, the excitation column 22-1 with coil 22-2 is distributed on the excitation ring 22-3, the magnetic field that the said coil 22-2 is electrified and produced is superposed with the magnetic field of the permanent magnet in the same direction, make the total intensity of magnetic field exerted on magnetic fluid increase with the increase of the electric current, and then make the sealing performance become controllable as required; the end cap 14 is provided with a lead groove 24 for the coil 22-2.

It should be noted that the exciter 22 may also be formed by combining a plurality of exciter units, where the exciter unit includes an exciter post 22-1, a coil 22-2 and an exciter shoe 22-4, and the exciter post 22-1 wound with the coil 22-2 is fixed on the exciter shoe 22-4.

Example four

As shown in fig. 14-15, a high-power sealed rim propeller comprises a rotating shaft 2-1, a stator 1, a rotor 2, a shell 16 and an end cover 14, wherein the rotating shaft 2-1 is of a hollow and horn-shaped structure and comprises a large end part 2-1-1, a small end part 2-1-2 and a transition gradual change part 2-1-3 between the large end part and the small end part; the large end part 2-1-1 is used for fixedly mounting a propeller 3, the small end part 2-1-2 is used for fixedly mounting a rotor 2, and the rotor 2 comprises a rotor iron core and magnetic steel substrates uniformly distributed on the rotor iron core; the rotating shaft 2-1 with the end part provided with the shaft sleeve 15 is fixed in end covers 14 at two sides of a shell 16 through a bearing 13, and a stator 1 is fixed on the shell 16 to provide a rotating magnetic field for the rotor 2; a sealing assembly is arranged on the outer side of the bearing 13, the sealing assembly comprises a concave pole 6 and a convex pole 4, the concave pole 6 is fixed at the end part of a shaft sleeve 15 through a rotating ring 8, a U-shaped groove is formed in the concave pole 6, and the concave pole 6 is formed by pouring flexible materials such as silica gel and polytetrafluoroethylene; the salient poles 4 are fixed at the end parts of the end covers 14 through support rings 12, the tops of the salient poles are arranged in the grooves, and U-shaped gaps are formed between the salient poles and the grooves; the gap is filled with magnetic fluid 5; the permanent magnet 9 is an annular permanent magnet, is magnetized in a radiation mode, is a monopole radiation ring, is fixed in the mounting groove of the end cover on the outer side of the concave pole 6, and forms a gap between the concave poles 6; the magnetic fluid 5 overcomes the gravity and accumulates towards the bottom of the groove under the action of a radial magnetic field provided by a magnetic pole at the inner side of the permanent magnet 9, and a U-shaped sealing strip is formed between the salient pole 4 and the concave pole 6 by utilizing the principle of static pressure balance of fluid in a U-shaped pipe; when the magnetic fluid generating device runs, the rotating ring 8 drives the permanent magnet 9 to rotate together with the concave pole 6, and the concave pole 6 in a rotating state drives the magnetic fluid 5 to rotate, so that the magnetic fluid 5 generates a radial outward centrifugal force; the magnetic fluid 5 is accumulated at the bottom of the groove of the concave 6-shaped groove under the combined action of centrifugal force and magnetic force; in order to increase the capacity of the concave electrode 6 for driving the magnetic fluid 5 to rotate, a liquid carrying strip 7 is bonded on the concave electrode 6, and the liquid carrying strip 7 is made of fine sponge; a stuffing box 20 is arranged at the gap between the salient pole 4 and the shaft sleeve 15 and is used for preventing lubricating grease from entering the magnetic fluid sealing tape; an isolation plate 10 is arranged at the outer end of the rotating ring 8, the isolation plate 10 is fixed on an end cover 14, and magnetic lubricating grease 11 is filled in a U-shaped gap formed among the rotating ring 8, the isolation plate 10, the support ring 12 and the permanent magnet 9; the outer end of the isolation plate is provided with a mud throwing ring 17, and granular impurities can be thrown out by utilizing centrifugal force; a sealing groove 21 is formed in the end cover 14; the shell is fixedly provided with an air pressure adjusting device, the air pressure adjusting device comprises a cylinder body 19 and a piston 18, two ends of the cylinder body 19 are opened and respectively communicated with the inside and the outside environment of the propeller, the piston 18 is arranged in the cylinder body to self-adjust the inside and outside pressure difference, balance between the propeller and the outside pressure difference is ensured, the burden of a sealing bearing is reduced, the sealing performance of the whole propeller is further ensured, and the air pressure adjusting device is particularly suitable for being used in the environment with large inside and outside pressure difference.

It should be pointed out that, at this time, the inner side and the outer side of the concave pole 6 both form a "U" shaped sealing band, when the concave pole 6 rotates, the inner and outer sealing bands resist external pressure difference under the same direction superposition of centrifugal force and magnetic force, and sealing performance is dually ensured; the rotating ring 8 is preferably made of a magnetic conductive material so as to reduce magnetic leakage and indirectly improve the magnetic force of the permanent magnet 9 on the magnetic fluid 5; the magnetic grease 11 can be replaced by the magnetic fluid 5, if the cost is not counted.

Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A high-power sealed rim propeller is characterized in that: the rotor comprises a rotating shaft, a shell, a stator and a rotor, wherein the rotating shaft is of a hollow and horn-shaped structure and is movably connected in end covers at two sides of the shell through bearings, and the rotating shaft comprises a large end part, a small end part and a gradual change part for connecting the large end part and the small end part; the large end part is used for fixedly mounting a propeller, and the small end part is used for fixedly mounting a rotor; the stator is fixedly arranged on the shell and corresponds to the rotor; the side edge of the bearing is provided with a sealing assembly, and the sealing assembly comprises a concave pole and a convex pole, wherein one of the concave pole and the convex pole is fixed on a rotating shaft; the permanent magnet is arranged on the outer side of the concave pole, and the U-shaped or V-shaped groove is arranged on the inner side of the concave pole; the tops of the salient poles are arranged in the grooves, and U-shaped or V-shaped gaps are formed between the salient poles and the grooves; magnetic fluid is filled in the gap; the magnetic fluid is accumulated at the bottom of the groove under the action of a magnetic field provided by the magnetic poles at the inner side of the permanent magnet, and a U-shaped or V-shaped sealing belt is formed between the salient pole and the concave pole by utilizing the principle of static pressure balance of the fluid in the U-shaped pipe.

2. A high power sealed rim propulsor according to claim 1, wherein: and a liquid carrying bar for increasing the contact area with the magnetic fluid is arranged in the gap and is fixed on the rotating part.

3. A high power sealed rim propulsor according to claim 1, wherein: the salient pole is fixed on the end cover through the support ring, and the concave pole and the permanent magnet are connected into a whole and fixed on the shaft sleeve through the rotating ring.

4. A high power sealed rim propulsor according to claim 3, wherein: the outer end of the rotating ring is provided with an isolation plate, the isolation plate is fixed on the end cover, and lubricating grease is filled in a gap formed among the support ring, the rotating ring and the isolation plate.

5. A high power sealed rim propulsor according to claim 4, wherein: and a mud throwing ring is arranged at the outer end of the isolation plate and fixed on the shaft sleeve.

6. A high power sealed rim propulsor according to claim 1, wherein: the salient pole is arranged on the shaft sleeve, and the permanent magnet and the concave pole are connected into a whole and fixed on the end cover.

7. A high power sealed rim propulsor according to claim 1, wherein: the female pole rim contacts the salient pole to form a seal, and the magnetic fluid is confined in a "U" or "V" gap formed between the salient pole and the female pole.

8. A high power sealed rim propulsor according to claim 1, wherein: an exciter body is arranged on the outer side of the permanent magnet, a coil winds on the exciter body, and a magnetic field is generated after the coil is electrified; the exciter body is fixed to the end cap of the housing.

9. A high power sealed rim propulsor according to claim 1, wherein: the shell is provided with an air pressure adjusting device for balancing the internal and external pressure difference.

10. A high power sealed rim propulsor according to claim 9, wherein: the air pressure adjusting device comprises a cylinder body and a piston, the cylinder body is fixed on the shell, openings are formed in two ends of the cylinder body, and the piston is arranged in the cylinder body.