CN112756083A

CN112756083A - Dredging crushing head at bottom of drilling mud tank

Info

Publication number: CN112756083A
Application number: CN201910999000.XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 董怀荣; 李琴; 郭振; 陈志礼; 李亚伟
Original assignee: Sinopec Oilfield Service Corp; Sinopec Shengli Petroleum Engineering Corp; Drilling Technology Research Institute of Sinopec Shengli Petroleum Engineering Corp
Current assignee: Sinopec Oilfield Service Corp; Sinopec Shengli Petroleum Engineering Corp; Drilling Technology Research Institute of Sinopec Shengli Petroleum Engineering Corp
Priority date: 2019-10-21
Filing date: 2019-10-21
Publication date: 2021-05-07

Abstract

The invention provides a dredging and crushing head at the bottom of a well drilling mud tank, which comprises a reamer disc, rotor blades, a reamer shaft, a connecting bolt, a throttling annular sealing cover, a framework oil seal, a spacer ring, an oil seal box, a back-to-back double bearing, a straight-through type pressure injection oil cup, an O-shaped rubber sealing ring, a shaft sleeve, an end cover, a shaft, a bolt plug, a valve core, a spring, a check ring, a spring cover plate and a shell, wherein high-pressure fluid flows in from a liquid inlet of the shell, flows into a flow channel in the shell through a hole in the valve core and is ejected through an axial straight nozzle and a radial inclined nozzle on the shell: the high-pressure fluid ejected by the axial straight nozzle directly acts on the sludge body needing dredging in the drilling mud tank, thereby hydraulically breaking the sludge body. High-pressure fluid ejected by the radial inclined nozzles acts on the rotor blades to drive the reamer shaft and the reamer disc to rotate, the rotating reamer disc mechanically breaks a hard sludge body needing dredging in the drilling mud tank, and a solid-liquid mixture is formed after breaking and is pumped out of the tank body by a pump.

Description

Dredging crushing head at bottom of drilling mud tank

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of drilling engineering technology and equipment, in particular to a dredging crushing head at the bottom of a drilling mud tank.

Background

The mud tank is one of necessary drilling equipment, is an important part of a drilling machine solid control system, and is mainly used for storing and circulating drilling fluid after solid-liquid separation of solid control equipment such as a vibrating screen, a centrifugal machine and the like. In the process of petroleum drilling, the rock debris crushed by a drill bit at the bottom of a well is mixed and circularly carried to solid-liquid separation and purification equipment such as a ground vibrating screen, a sand remover, a mud remover, a centrifugal machine and the like through drilling fluid, the separated rock debris is discharged, and the drilling fluid after purification and separation is discharged into a mud tank to be continuously recycled. However, the separation precision and separation capacity of solid-liquid mixtures containing rock debris returning from the bottom of a well cannot be completely separated within a certain range by the solid-liquid separation devices such as the vibrating screen, the sand remover, the mud remover and the centrifuge, particularly, only the vibrating screen in the ground solid-liquid separation device is used for processing the solid-liquid mixtures returning from the bottom of the well in a full flow mode, the vibrating screen is used for filtering by adopting a screen with a certain mesh number, a plurality of fine rock debris solid phases flow into a mud tank along with well drilling fluid through the screen, and the sand remover, the mud remover and the centrifuge solid-liquid separation device are used for partially processing partial mixtures pumped out of the mud tank. Therefore, although most rock debris in the solid-liquid mixture returning from the bottom of the well is purified and separated out, a small part of the rock debris remains in the mud tank and is deposited to form hard sludge, particularly four corners at the bottom of the mud tank and places where a stirrer can not stir, the sludge in the mud tank is larger and more hardened and hard along with the lapse of drilling time, the volume of the tank body and the mud performance are affected, the sludge occupies about one third or even half of the volume of the mud tank, the volume of the mud tank is reduced, the mud performance is unstable, the weight of the mud tank is increased, large-tonnage hoisting equipment is needed, the installation of a mover is difficult, and the like, and the safe production is not facilitated.

Therefore, the tank cleaning is needed after one well is completed and before the equipment is moved, and the tank cleaning is increased for 1-2 times even in the midway process of drilling one well. The method that at present generally adopts is that the manual work gets into from mud tank top, utilizes instrument such as spade to break the siltation body of deposiing and digs out, and reuse spade shovels out to ground or mud pit from the sand discharge door, especially can appear serious sediment phenomenon along with the well drilling time extension or heavy phase and detritus in the mud tank pouring process and when standing for a long time, and sedimentary siltation body thickness is bigger and bigger, causes mud tank's sand discharge door can't open, can only lift the tank face with the bucket by the manual work and empty.

Generally, a well team has 4-5 mud slurry tanks 50m in length, 5-6 persons are needed in one-time manual tank cleaning operation, the tank cleaning time is about 24-48 hours, the time for difficult cleaning and required dredging is even longer, pungent slurry pharmaceutical material smell is diffused in the tanks during tank cleaning, toxic and harmful hydrogen sulfide is also accompanied in the stratum of some regions and enters the mud slurry tanks along with drilling fluid, great harm is caused to the health of human bodies, a gas mask must be worn to work, the persons cannot work in the tanks for a long time, but alternately enter the tanks to work, the tank cleaning time is long, the work is heavy, the labor intensity is high, the efficiency is low, and the physical health of the workers and the safety work of the well team are influenced.

At present, the drilling mud tank dredging mode has extremely bad manual work environment, long time consumption in the cleaning process, high labor intensity of personnel, potential safety hazards and environmental protection hazards, does not meet the requirements of a health, safety and environmental protection management system seriously, and has inevitable trend of replacing manual mud tank cleaning and improving the mud tank.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the problems of safety, environmental protection, health and efficiency in the dredging process of the mud tank in the field of petroleum drilling, and provides a dredging and crushing head for the bottom of the mud tank for drilling.

In order to solve the problems, the technical solution of the invention is as follows:

a desilting crushing head at the bottom of a drilling mud tank comprises a shell 23 and a reamer disk 1; a liquid inlet 24 is arranged at the connecting end of the shell 23, a plurality of axial straight nozzles 30 distributed at intervals in the circumferential direction are arranged on the front end face of the shell 23, a radial inclined nozzle 31 and a shaft seat are arranged on the outer periphery of the shell 23 corresponding to the axial straight nozzles 30, and the axial straight nozzles 30 and the radial inclined nozzle 31 are communicated with the liquid inlet 24 through a flow passage 29; the cutterhead 1 corresponds to the shaft seat, each cutterhead 1 is installed in the shaft seat of the shell 23 through a cutterhead shaft 3 and a shaft seat assembly, cutting blades are arranged on the cutterhead 1, a plurality of rotor blades 2 are circumferentially arranged on the cutterhead shaft 3 at equal intervals, and the positions of the blades 2 are opposite to the radial inclined nozzles 31.

The above scheme further comprises:

the casing 23 is of a hollow structure, a valve core 19 is arranged in the casing, a radial hole 25 and an axial hole 26 are formed in the valve core 19, a valve seat, a central cavity 27, a radial hole 28 and a flow channel 29 are arranged in the casing 23, a liquid inlet 24 is sequentially communicated with the axial hole 26, the radial hole 25, the central cavity 27, the radial hole 28, the flow channel 29, an axial straight nozzle 30 and a radial inclined nozzle 31, and the front end face of the valve core 19 is in dynamic sealing fit with the valve seat.

The axle seat assembly comprises: the shaft 17 is supported in a shaft seat of the shell 23 through a back-to-back double bearing 10 and is fixed on the shaft seat at the periphery of the shell 23 through a connecting bolt A4, a throttling annular sealing cover A5, a framework oil seal A6, a spacer ring 7, a framework oil seal B8, an oil seal box 9, an O-shaped rubber sealing ring 12, a shaft sleeve 13, a throttling annular sealing cover B14, an end cover 15 and a connecting bolt B16; the reamer shafts 3 on each set of cutterheads 1 are connected to a shaft 17.

The reamer shaft 3 is screwed onto the shaft 17 in a direction opposite to the direction of rotation of the rotor blades 2.

The seal of the back-to-back double bearing 10 adopts a bidirectional seal combining a mechanical dynamic seal and a static seal

The quantity of the cutterheads 1 is three, the three groups of cutterheads 1 are annularly arranged on the periphery of the shell 23 at equal intervals, and each group of cutterheads 1 is provided with three cutting blades which are uniformly arranged.

5-8 annular rotor blades 2 which are arranged axially at equal intervals are arranged on the reamer shaft 3.

A spring 20 is also included, the spring 20 urging the poppet 19 against a poppet-to-seat contact surface 32 within the housing 23.

And a protective cover is arranged on the outer periphery of the cutterhead 1.

The working principle of the invention is as follows: high-pressure fluid flows in from the inlet of casing, flows in the inside runner of casing through the hole on the case, and axial straight nozzle and radial oblique nozzle on the rethread casing erupt: the high-pressure fluid ejected by the axial straight nozzle directly acts on the sludge body needing dredging in the drilling mud tank, thereby hydraulically breaking the sludge body. High-pressure fluid ejected by the radial inclined nozzles acts on the rotor blades to drive the reamer shaft and the reamer disc to rotate, the rotating reamer disc directly and mechanically breaks a hard sludge body needing dredging in the drilling mud tank, and a solid-liquid mixture is formed after breaking and is pumped out of the tank body by a pump.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the method has the advantages that the high-pressure fluid is used as power to simultaneously carry out hydraulic crushing and mechanical cutting crushing to break up hard siltation at the bottom of the drilling mud tank, so that the problems of large workload, high labor intensity, environmental pollution, unhealthy condition, limited operation space and harm of volatile gas to human bodies in manual dredging at the bottom of the drilling mud tank are solved, the risk of manual tank cleaning operation in a closed space is avoided, and the tank cleaning efficiency is improved; the invention has simple, convenient and quick operation, easy manufacture, assembly, disassembly, maintenance, low cost, high automation degree, and good economy, practicability, safety and environmental protection; the invention can also be applied to the field of pipeline and river channel dredging.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the whole structure of the dredging and crushing head at the bottom of the drilling mud tank of the invention.

Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line a-a of fig. 1.

FIG. 3 is an enlarged schematic view of the reamer shaft bearing assembly of FIG. 1.

Reference numerals:

1. a cutterhead; 2. a rotor blade; 3. a reamer shaft; 4. a connecting bolt A; 5. a throttling annular sealing cover A; 6. a framework oil seal A; 7. a spacer ring; 8. a framework oil seal B; 9. an oil seal box; 10. back-to-back duplex bearings; 11. a straight-through type pressure injection oil cup; 12. an O-shaped rubber sealing ring; 13. a shaft sleeve; 14. a throttling annular sealing cover B; 15. an end cap; 16. a connecting bolt B; 17. a shaft; 18. plugging the bolt; 19. a valve core; 20. a spring; 21. a circlip for a hole; 22. a spring cover plate; 23. a housing; 24. a liquid inlet; 25. a radial bore in the spool; 26. an axial bore in the valve core; 27. a central bore of the housing; 28. a radial bore of the housing; 29. an axial flow passage inside the housing; 30. an axial straight nozzle; 31. a radially inclined nozzle; 32. the contact surface of the valve core and the valve seat; 33. and (7) an outlet.

Detailed Description

The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the figures and the detailed description.

Example 1

Example 2

The method further comprises the following steps on the basis of the embodiment 1:

Example 3

The method further comprises the following steps on the basis of the embodiment 2:

In the above embodiments 1 to 3, it is preferable that:

And a protective cover is arranged on the outer periphery of the cutterhead 1.

Exemplary embodiment 4

Referring to fig. 1, 2 and 3, the dredging crushing head for the bottom of a drilling mud tank comprises a reamer disc 1, rotor blades 2, a reamer shaft 3, a connecting bolt A4, a throttling annular sealing cover A5, a framework oil seal A6, a spacer ring 7, a framework oil seal B8, an oil seal box 9, back-to-back double bearings 10, a straight-through pressure injection oil cup 11, an O-shaped rubber sealing ring 12, a shaft sleeve 13, a throttling annular sealing cover B14, an end cover 15, a connecting bolt B16, a shaft 17, a bolt plug 18, a valve core 19, a spring 20, a hole elastic retainer ring 21, a spring cover plate 22 and a shell 23.

When the dredging and crushing head at the bottom of the drilling mud tank works, external high-pressure fluid flows into an axial hole 26 on a valve core 19 from a liquid inlet 24 of a shell 23, then flows into a central cavity 27 of the shell 23 from a radial hole 25 on the valve core 19, flows into 6 radial holes 28 on the shell 23 communicated with the central cavity 27 from the central cavity 27, flows into 6 flow channels 29 in the shell 23 from the radial holes 28, and is respectively sprayed out from 6 axial straight nozzles 30 and 3 radial inclined nozzles 31 on the shell 23. High-pressure fluid ejected by 6 axial straight nozzles 30 directly acts on a sludge body needing dredging in the drilling mud tank, so that the sludge body is broken hydraulically, and meanwhile, high-pressure fluid ejected by 3 radial inclined nozzles 31 continuously and directly acts on the rotor blade 2, so that the reamer shaft 3 and the reamer disc 1 are driven to rotate. The rotating reamer disk 1 directly and mechanically cuts siltation bodies needing dredging in the drilling mud tank, the crushed siltation bodies and inflow high-pressure fluid are mixed to form a solid-liquid mixture, and the solid-liquid mixture is pumped out of the tank body by a pump for further treatment, so that automatic dredging of the drilling mud tank is realized.

When high-pressure fluid flows in from the liquid inlet 24 of the shell 23, the valve core 19 is pressed on the contact surface 32 of the valve core and the valve seat in the shell 23 by the hydraulic pressure and the spring force, the high-pressure fluid can not flow out from the outlet 33 and can only be sprayed out from 6 axial straight nozzles 30 and 3 radial inclined nozzles 31 at high pressure to form high-pressure water jet so as to break the sludge body in the tank and simultaneously drive the rotor blades 2, the reamer shaft 3 and the reamer disc 1 to rotate so as to cut and crush the sludge body.

The quantity of the cutterheads 1 is three, the three groups of cutterheads 1 are annularly and equidistantly arranged on the periphery of the shell 23, each group of cutterheads 1 is provided with 3 uniformly arranged cutting blades, each reamer shaft 3 is provided with 6 annular and equidistantly axially arranged rotor blades 2, and the positions of the rotor blades are opposite to the radial inclined nozzles 31. The reamer shaft 3 is connected to the shaft 17 through threads, and the rotation direction of the threads is opposite to the rotation direction of the rotor blades 2, the reamer shaft 3 and the reamer head 1, so that the reamer shaft 3 is prevented from rotating and falling off.

The periphery of the shell 23 is provided with three annular bearing holes with equal intervals for mounting the cutterhead 1, the reamer shaft 3, the shaft 17 and bearing assemblies for supporting and rotating the cutterhead, the bearing assemblies comprise 3 groups in total, and each group of bearing assemblies comprises a connecting bolt A4, a throttling annular sealing cover A5, a framework oil seal 6, a spacer ring 7, a framework oil seal 8, an oil seal box 9, back-to-back double bearings 10, a straight-through pressure injection oil cup 11, an O-shaped rubber sealing ring 12, a shaft sleeve 13, a throttling annular sealing cover B14, an end cover 15 and a connecting bolt B16. The shaft 17 is supported in the housing 23 through back-to-back double bearings 10, and is fixed on the outer periphery of the housing 23 through a connecting bolt a4, a throttling annular seal cover a5, a framework oil seal 6, a spacer ring 7, a framework oil seal 8, an oil seal box 9, an O-shaped rubber seal ring 12, a shaft sleeve 13, a throttling annular seal cover B14, an end cover 15 and a connecting bolt B16.

The sealing of the bearing assembly of the reamer shaft adopts a bidirectional sealing structure combining mechanical dynamic sealing and static sealing, along with the rotation of the shaft 17, radial dynamic sealing is formed among the throttling annular sealing cover A5, the framework oil seal 6, the spacer ring 7, the framework oil seal 8 and the shaft 17, static sealing is formed on the end face, and a static sealing structure of an O-shaped rubber sealing ring 12 is adopted between the shaft sleeve 13 and the shaft 17.

Lubricant is injected into the cavity through the oil seal box 9 and the lubricating oil hole of the spacer ring 7 through the straight-through type pressure injection oil cup 11, so that the throttling annular seal cover A5, the framework oil seal 8 and the back-to-back double bearings 10 are lubricated.

The invention has the advantages that: the invention adopts high-pressure fluid as power to simultaneously carry out hydraulic crushing and mechanical cutting crushing to crush hard siltation at the bottom of a drilling mud tank, solves the problems of large workload, high labor intensity, environmental pollution, unhealthy condition, limited operation space, harmful volatile gas and the like of manual dredging at the bottom of the drilling mud tank, avoids the risk of manual tank cleaning operation in a closed space, improves the tank cleaning efficiency, has simple, convenient and quick operation, easy manufacture, assembly, disassembly, maintenance, low cost, high automation degree and good economical efficiency, practicability, safety and environmental protection, adopts a bidirectional sealing structure combining mechanical dynamic sealing and static sealing to seal a bearing assembly of a reamer shaft, ensures the reliability of sealing and lubrication of the bearing, and has longer service life.

Claims

1. A desilting crushing head at the bottom of a drilling mud tank comprises a shell (23) and a cutterhead (1); the method is characterized in that: a liquid inlet (24) is formed in the connecting end of the shell (23), a plurality of axial straight nozzles (30) distributed at intervals in the circumferential direction are arranged on the front end face of the shell (23), a radial inclined nozzle (31) and a shaft seat are arranged on the periphery of the shell (23) corresponding to the axial straight nozzles (30), and the axial straight nozzles (30) and the radial inclined nozzle (31) are communicated with the liquid inlet (24) through a flow passage (29); the reamer heads (1) correspond to the shaft seats, each reamer head (1) is installed in the shaft seat of the shell (23) through a reamer shaft (3) and the shaft seat assembly, cutting blades are arranged on the reamer heads (1), a plurality of rotor blades (2) are circumferentially arranged on the reamer shaft (3) at equal intervals, and the positions of the blades (2) are opposite to the radial inclined nozzles (31).

2. The drilling mud tank bottom dredging crushing head of claim 1, characterized in that: the shell (23) is of a hollow structure, a valve core (19) is arranged in the shell, a radial hole (25) and an axial hole (26) are formed in the valve core (19), a valve seat, a central cavity (27), a radial hole (28) and a flow channel (29) are arranged in the shell (23), a liquid inlet (24) is sequentially communicated with the axial hole (26), the radial hole (25), the central cavity (27), the radial hole (28), the flow channel (29), an axial straight nozzle (30) and a radial inclined nozzle (31), and the front end face of the valve core (19) is in dynamic sealing fit with the valve seat.

3. The drilling mud tank bottom desilting crushing head of claim 2, characterized in that the axle seat assembly comprises: the shaft (17) is supported in a shaft seat of the shell (23) through back-to-back double bearings (10) and is fixed on the shaft seat at the periphery of the shell (23) through a connecting bolt A (4), a throttling annular sealing cover A (5), a framework oil seal A (6), a spacer ring (7), a framework oil seal B (8), an oil seal box (9), an O-shaped rubber sealing ring (12), a shaft sleeve (13), a throttling annular sealing cover B (14), an end cover (15) and a connecting bolt B (16); the reamer shafts (3) on each set of cutterheads (1) are connected to a shaft (17).

4. The drilling mud tank bottom dredging crushing head of claim 3, characterized in that: the reamer shaft (3) is connected to the shaft (17) by means of a screw thread, the direction of rotation of which is opposite to the direction of rotation of the rotor blades (2).

5. The drilling mud tank bottom dredging crushing head of claim 3, characterized in that: the back-to-back duplex bearing (10) is sealed by a bidirectional sealing structure combining mechanical dynamic seal and static seal, and a lubricant is injected and lubricated by the straight-through type pressure injection oil cup (11).

6. A drilling mud tank bottom dredging crushing head according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that: the quantity of the cutterheads (1) is three, the three groups of cutterheads (1) are annularly and equidistantly arranged on the periphery of the shell (23), and three cutting blades are uniformly arranged on each group of cutterheads (1).

7. A drilling mud tank bottom dredging crushing head according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that: 5-8 annular rotor blades (2) which are arranged axially at equal intervals are arranged on the reamer shaft (3).

8. A drilling mud tank bottom dredging crushing head according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that: the valve core (19) is pressed on a valve core and valve seat contact surface (32) in the shell (23) by the spring (20).

9. A drilling mud tank bottom dredging crushing head according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that: the outer periphery of the cutterhead (1) is provided with a protective cover.