CN112755367A

CN112755367A - Control and monitoring device for cerebrospinal fluid external drainage

Info

Publication number: CN112755367A
Application number: CN202110249114.XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 阮雪红; 阮东耀; 张丹; 崔伟伟
Original assignee: Xi'an Winziss Medical Group Co ltd
Current assignee: Xi'an Winziss Medical Group Co ltd
Priority date: 2021-03-08
Filing date: 2021-03-08
Publication date: 2021-05-07

Abstract

A control and monitoring device for cerebrospinal fluid external drainage mainly comprises a host (1) and a fixed adjusting device, wherein: the main machine (1) mainly comprises a core processing module, a flow rate control device (4), a flow sensor (5), a pressure sensor (6), a communication module, a man-machine interaction interface and a medical information identification device (8). According to the drainage control method and the drainage control device, different drainage modes can be quickly selected on a man-machine operation interface according to individual differences of patients, the drainage state is intelligently controlled according to the autonomously set drainage parameters, and the safety and the metering accuracy of cerebrospinal fluid drainage are improved.

Description

Control and monitoring device for cerebrospinal fluid external drainage

Technical Field

The embodiment of the disclosure relates to a control and monitoring device for cerebrospinal fluid external drainage, belonging to the technical field of research and development and production of medical instruments used by medical units.

Background

In the current clinical practice, the external drainage of cerebrospinal fluid is mainly divided into two types, i.e., external ventricular drainage and lumbar cisterna drainage. The ventricular external drainage is a clinical technique of puncturing a lateral ventricle through a skull, placing a drainage tube, and externally draining cerebrospinal fluid into an external collection bottle; the lumbar cisterna magna drainage refers to a method of continuously draining cerebrospinal fluid into an external collection bottle through a special drainage tube, wherein one end of the drainage tube is placed into the lumbar cisterna magna of a patient, and the other end of the drainage tube. Cerebrospinal fluid external drainage is widely applied, and is generally applied to hydrocephalus and the like caused by brain ventricle operation, intracerebroventricular tumor resection, intracerebroventricular hemorrhage broken and entering the ventricles and inappropriate operation, and ventricular system lesion or other reasons. Cerebrospinal fluid external drainage has higher clinical risk, and has strict requirements on intracranial pressure, drainage speed, drainage quantity, drainage time and the like in addition to strict aseptic operation and infection prevention in the drainage process. Too fast drainage speed and excessive drainage can cause intracranial hemorrhage, low intracranial pressure, air skull and the like; insufficient drainage quantity and overlong drainage interval time can cause the intracranial pressure to be increased, induce the formation of cerebral hernia and cause the illness to be worsened and even die. The existing cerebrospinal fluid external drainage is highly dependent on visual measurement and manual nursing of medical staff, the monitoring means is backward, a measuring ruler is generally used for measuring the hanging height of a drainage bottle (suspended above the auditory canal of a patient by about 15 cm), and the flow velocity and the drainage quantity are visually measured. It can be seen that the existing monitoring method has the disadvantages of low metering precision, difficult control of flow rate, high monitoring labor intensity and the like. With the continuous development of medical technology and electronic measurement technology, drainage monitoring instruments with high measurement and control automation degree are clinically needed to be researched, developed and marketed, and the defects of the cerebrospinal fluid external drainage monitoring technology are overcome.

Disclosure of Invention

The embodiment of the disclosure provides a control and monitoring device for cerebrospinal fluid external drainage, which mainly comprises a host and a fixed adjusting device, wherein: the main machine mainly comprises a core processing module, a flow rate control device, a flow sensor, a pressure sensor, a communication module, a human-computer interaction interface and a medical information identification device; the fixed adjusting device is a matching component of the host machine and is mainly used for bearing fixation and adjusting the installation height of the host machine, and the fixed adjusting device mainly comprises a reference adjusting light source, a height adjuster, a height scale and a fixing piece. In clinical application, the host machine is matched with a special drainage catheter for cerebrospinal fluid, so that dynamic monitoring and flow rate control of cerebrospinal fluid drainage are realized.

The core processing module is an integrated circuit constructed by electronic elements such as a micro core processor (such as an MCU, a CPU and the like), a signal processing unit, a power management unit, a memory, a PCB and the like, and the flow rate control device, the flow sensor, the pressure sensor, the communication module, the human-computer interaction interface and the medical information identification device are communicated with and cooperatively work with the core processing module.

The flow rate control device is used for controlling the drainage rate of cerebrospinal fluid and the opening state (such as opening or closing of a pipeline) of the drainage pipeline, the flow rate control device mainly comprises a direct current motor, a driving component and a throttling component, the flow rate control device is communicated with the core processing module and works in a cooperative mode, the direct current motor drives the throttling component to act according to an instruction of the core processing module, and the adjustment and control of the drainage rate are achieved by changing the size of an internal passage of the drainage pipeline. And the flow rate control device controls the opening or closing of the drainage pipeline according to the instruction of the core processing module. The specific mode is that, for example, the periphery of the drainage pipeline is provided with a roller, an intercepting piece and other throttling components, the direct current motor drives the throttling components to extrude the outer wall of the drainage pipeline according to the instruction of the core processing module, and the drainage speed and the opening or closing of the drainage pipeline are controlled by changing the size of an internal passage of the drainage pipeline; the more simple implementation scheme is that a peristaltic pump can also be directly adopted as the flow rate control device, the control mode of the peristaltic pump is basically consistent with that of an infusion pump, one section of elastic pump pipe is arranged in the drainage pipeline, the elastic pump pipe is placed in a peristaltic cavity of the peristaltic pump, according to the instruction of the core processing module, a direct current motor of the peristaltic pump drives a cam shaft to rotate slowly, the cam presses the elastic pump pipe in sequence like a wave, and therefore cerebrospinal fluid in the elastic pump pipe flows out slowly according to the set drainage speed.

The flow sensor is used for monitoring the drainage quantity and the drainage speed of cerebrospinal fluid in the drainage pipeline. The flow sensor adopts a liquid flow metering element, including but not limited to an infrared liquid drop sensor, a laser liquid drop sensor or an ultrasonic flow sensor, and is communicated with and cooperated with the core processing module. Specifically, for example, an optical flow sensor such as an infrared droplet sensor or a laser droplet sensor is used, and the flow measuring drip chamber is arranged in the drainage pipeline and is similar to a Murphy drip chamber structure of an infusion apparatus. Meanwhile, a dropping funnel limiting device is arranged in an effective scanning area of an optical flow sensor of the host, and the optical flow sensor is arranged on the periphery of the dropping funnel limiting device and generally consists of a pair of infrared transmitting tubes and a pair of receiving tubes. During clinical application, fix the flow measurement drip chamber of drainage pipeline in the drip chamber stop device, have the liquid drop to fall down in the drip chamber, when effective scanning region between launching tube and the receiver tube, because the liquid drop pierces through light and can lead to the light intensity decay in the twinkling of an eye, and make the detection signal of telecommunication change, just can calculate the number of drops of cerebrospinal fluid in the unit interval, the volume through number of drops multiply each liquid drop just can calculate the drainage volume of cerebrospinal fluid, flow through in the unit interval just can calculate with drainage speed. If when adopting ultrasonic flow sensor, can directly set up ultrasonic flow sensor in the drainage pipeline periphery, ultrasonic emission transducer converts the electric energy into ultrasonic energy to in transmitting the cerebrospinal fluid in the pipeline with it, ultrasonic signal that the receiver received is enlargied and is converted into the signal of telecommunication representative flow through electronic circuit and calculates the drainage volume and the drainage speed of cerebrospinal fluid.

The pressure sensor is used for measuring the dynamic pressure value in the drainage pipeline or the craniocerebral, and preferably adopts the pressure measurement in the drainage pipeline because the pressure measurement risk in the craniocerebral is large and the consumable preparation cost is high. The air in the cerebrospinal fluid or the pipeline can effectively conduct pressure, so that the pressure state in the ventricle of the patient can be reflected by dynamically monitoring the pressure in the drainage pipeline. The pressure sensor is communicated with the core processing module and works cooperatively, the measurement precision is not lower than 0.1kPa, and the measuring range is not less than 0-10 kPa. The pressure sensor is arranged in the following specific modes: (1) the pressure sensor is arranged on a PCB circuit board of the host, a monitoring window of the pressure sensor is quickly communicated with a tee joint on the drainage pipeline by adopting a pressure measuring extension pipe, and the pressure in the drainage pipeline is dynamically monitored. The advantage of this kind of setting scheme is, adopts the air in the pressure measurement extension pipeline as the physical isolation medium, avoids cerebrospinal fluid direct and pressure sensor contact, makes pressure sensor not receive the pollution, and the consumptive material cost is low when clinical application. (2) The pressure sensor is used as a component of the drainage catheter, a pressure measuring port of the pressure sensor is packaged in the drainage pipeline, a communication interface of the pressure sensor is communicated with the core processing module through a lead wire, and the pressure sensor dynamically monitors pressure change in the drainage pipeline. However, the disadvantage of this arrangement is that the pressure sensor and the drainage line are disposable, which results in a high manufacturing cost and a low medical cost performance.

The communication module is used for carrying out information interaction with a medical information management system (an intensive care system, a nursing system, a HIS and the like) of the medical care workstation, including downloading patient identity information, prescription information and the like, and also dynamically uploading information of patient drainage monitoring parameters, a host working state and the like into the medical information management system. The communication module is communicated with the core processing module and works cooperatively, the communication module adopts wired communication and wireless communication modes without limitation, and preferably adopts a 2.4G or 5G Wifi communication module.

The man-machine interaction interface mainly comprises a display screen, a control interface or a control button, and the main functions of the man-machine interaction interface comprise display reading, function setting and operation control of monitoring information/warning information. The control interface is provided with function setting contents including drainage quantity setting, drainage speed setting, drainage interval time and drainage pressure threshold setting.

The medical information recognition device is used for patient identity recognition, bed number recognition or recognition of a special drainage pipeline, and is communicated with the core processing module and works cooperatively. The medical information identification device can adopt an RFID identifier (Reader), a bar code scanner or a two-dimensional code identifier. For example, when the RFID identifier is used for identification and bed number identification, the host and the patient identity information such as the bed number and the hospital number can be bound by only reading out pre-stored information aligned with a wrist identification electronic Tag (Tag) or a bed number identification electronic Tag of the patient, and the drainage monitoring information of the host and the bound patient identity information are sent to the medical information management system of the medical workstation through the communication module, so that disorder of the uploaded monitoring information is avoided, and the information management efficiency is improved. The medical information recognition device is also used for recognition and management of the drainage pipeline, and the specific method is that an electronic tag is arranged at any position of an outer package or a product of the drainage pipeline, and product information such as production enterprise information, registration certificate validity period, product validity period and the like is written in the electronic tag of the product. After medical personnel read the information in the product electronic tag through the medical information identification device, the core processing module automatically judges whether the product is legal and in the valid period, and simultaneously starts timing when the product is used, and automatically gives out replacement warning information when reaching the specified replacement period of the product. For example, the effective period of the drainage pipeline is from 2023, 10 months and 20 days, the product replacement period is set to 7 days, and after the medical information identification device reads the electronic label information of the drainage pipeline product, the core processing module automatically judges whether the product is invalid (exceeds the effective period); if the drainage pipeline product fails, the core processing module gives out warning information on a human-computer operation interface; if the drainage pipeline product is within the use validity period, the core processing module starts to time the use state; when the service life of the drainage pipeline product is about to reach 7 days, the human-computer operation interface gives prompt information for replacing the drainage pipeline product, and the prompt information is sent to the medical information management system of the medical care workstation through the communication module.

The core processing module of the host is also burned with embedded software which is used for power management, information synthesis and reading, information storage, setting and operation control of various functions and the like. The embedded software contains a drainage control program, also called a control algorithm. The drainage control program is mainly constructed by five elements of a drainage mode, drainage quantity, drainage interval time, drainage speed and a drainage pressure threshold value. Five elements for constructing the drainage control program have the characteristics of mutual association and mutual influence, and medical workers can automatically give other elements according to a control algorithm by setting 2-3 elements on a human-computer operation interface generally, without setting each element in sequence. In a drainage control program contained in the embedded software, a drainage mode comprises a continuous drainage mode, a timing quantitative drainage mode and a constant-pressure quantitative drainage mode; the drainage volume is divided into a current drainage volume and a daily drainage volume (namely the total drainage volume for 24 hours), which are respectively set, wherein the current drainage volume is set between 10ml and 30ml, and the daily drainage volume is set between 50ml and 400 ml; setting the drainage interval time between 2h and 6 h; the drainage speed is set between 5ml/h and 20 ml/h; the drainage opening pressure is set between 0.4kPa and 2.0kPa, the upper limit value of the drainage pressure threshold value of an adult is set between 1.5kPa and 2.0kPa, and the lower limit value is set between 0.6kPa and 1.4kPa according to different applicable people; the upper limit value of the drainage pressure threshold value of the children is set between 0.7kPa and 1.0kPa, and the lower limit value is set between 0.4kPa and 6.0 kPa.

The continuous drainage mode is a control mode that after the drainage speed or daily drainage quantity is set on the human-computer interaction interface, the cerebrospinal fluid is continuously drained into the collecting bottle. Continuous drainage control can be performed as long as one parameter of two factors, namely the drainage speed or the daily drainage quantity, is determined. For example, according to the individual difference of patients, the drainage speed is set to be 20ml/h on a human-computer interaction interface, the flow rate control device automatically adjusts the size of an internal passage of the drainage pipeline, and during the period, the drainage speed is dynamically corrected according to the monitoring feedback of the flow sensor, so that the cerebrospinal fluid flows out at a basically constant speed of 20 ml/h. Similarly, as long as the daily drainage volume is set to be 300ml on the human-computer interaction interface, the drainage control program automatically converts the drainage speed into the continuous drainage mode to work, and the conversion formula is as follows: daily drainage volume ÷ 24h = drainage rate (ml/h), i.e. 300ml ÷ 24h =12.5ml/h, the patient's drainage control rate is 12.5 ml/h.

The timing and quantitative drainage mode is that the interval time, the drainage speed and the current drainage quantity are set on a human-computer interaction interface, the flow rate control device opens drainage at regular time, the drainage speed is adjusted and controlled according to the monitoring feedback of the flow sensor, the drainage quantity is dynamically calculated, after the set current drainage quantity is reached, the flow rate control device closes a drainage pipeline channel, and the current drainage is finished; and the core control module times, opens the drainage again when the set interval time end of the next opening is reached, and the operation is repeated. For example, the time interval between each drainage is set to be 3h, the drainage rate is set to be 15ml/h, and the drainage volume is set to be 20 ml. After the setting is finished for 3 hours, the flow rate control device automatically opens the drainage pipeline, the flow sensor dynamically calculates the drainage speed and the drainage quantity and feeds back the drainage speed and the drainage quantity to the core control module, and if the drainage speed is too high or too low, the flow rate control device corrects the drainage speed and the drainage quantity in time; when the secondary drainage volume reaches 20ml, the flow rate control device automatically closes the drainage pipeline, and the drainage is finished; after the interval of 3h, the flow rate control device opens the drainage again, and the process is repeated.

The constant-pressure quantitative drainage mode is characterized in that drainage is carried out according to a set drainage pressure threshold value and a set drainage speed, during the period, a pressure sensor dynamically monitors the pressure in a cavity of a drainage pipeline or the pressure in the cranium and brain, when the pressure in the cavity of the drainage pipeline reaches the upper limit of the set drainage pressure threshold value, a flow rate control device automatically opens the drainage pipeline, the drainage speed is adjusted according to the monitoring feedback of a flow sensor, and drainage is carried out according to the set drainage speed. When the pressure in the drainage pipeline cavity reaches the set drainage pressure threshold value lower limit, the flow rate control device automatically closes the drainage pipeline, and the drainage is finished, so that the process is repeated. For example, for draining an adult patient after a certain craniocerebral surgical operation, the upper limit value of a drainage pressure threshold value is set to be 1.8kPa, the lower limit value is set to be 1.2kPa, and the drainage speed is set to be 10ml/h on an ergonomic interface. The pressure sensor starts to monitor the pressure in the cavity of the drainage pipeline or the pressure in the cranium and dynamically feeds the pressure value back to the core control module. When the pressure in the cavity of the drainage pipeline reaches a set upper limit value of 1.8kPa, the flow rate control device automatically opens the drainage pipeline, adjusts and controls the drainage speed according to the monitoring feedback of the flow sensor, and conducts drainage according to the set drainage speed of 10 ml/h; after the cerebrospinal fluid is drained, the pressure in the cavity of the drainage pipeline begins to decrease, when the pressure reaches a set lower limit value of 1.2kPa, the flow rate control device automatically closes the drainage pipeline, the drainage is finished, and the process is repeated.

The reference adjusting light source adopts a low-power-consumption low-voltage bundling irradiation lamp bead, the emitted light is required to be clearly visible by naked eyes, the projection distance is not less than 1.5 m, and the light irradiation area is bundled into a point shape; the reference adjusting light source is horizontally installed, namely the emitted light rays are kept in a horizontal state.

The height adjuster is used for adjusting the installation height of the host and adopts an electric adjustment mode or a manual adjustment mode without limitation. For example, the electric adjustment can be performed by an electric winch driven by a direct current motor, a rail lifting type and the like, and the manual adjustment can be performed by a clamp spring lifting type, a screw lifting type, a rocker lifting type and the like.

The height scale is used for measuring the installation height of the host, the minimum indication value of the height scale is 1mm or 1cm, and the measuring range is 0-20 cm.

The fixing piece is used for installing and fixing the host, and the structure of the fixing piece is not limited, for example, a floor stand, a desktop base, a suspension arm or a clamp loaded beside a bed can be adopted.

The advantages of the disclosed embodiments are: the intelligent control cerebrospinal fluid drainage control system is provided, different drainage modes can be quickly selected on a human-computer operation interface according to individual differences of patients, intelligent control of the drainage state is realized according to the self-set drainage parameters, and the safety and the metering accuracy of cerebrospinal fluid drainage are improved; medical information recognition device can effectively discern patient's identity information and drainage tube way product information, and monitoring data, equipment use status information and consumptive material product information have improved medical information ization level in long-range the uploading medical information management system to the medical care workstation, have reduced the working strength of nursing, have improved hospital's management efficiency, have fine clinical value and social.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic block diagram of an embodiment of the disclosure.

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the combined structure of the embodiment of the present disclosure and a mating pipeline.

Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a fixing and adjusting device in embodiment 2 of the present disclosure.

Shown in the figure: the device comprises a host (1), a drainage pipeline (2), a drip chamber (3) of the drainage pipeline, a flow rate control device (4), a flow sensor (5), a pressure sensor (6), a human-computer interaction interface (7), a medical information recognition device (8), a collection bottle (9), a three-way joint (10), a reference adjusting light source (11), a height adjuster (12), a height scale (13) and a fixing piece (14).

Detailed Description

The embodiments of the present disclosure are specifically described below with reference to the drawings and embodiments.

Example 1: preparation of the examples of the disclosure

1. Referring to the schematic block diagram of fig. 1 and the schematic structural diagram of fig. 2, a host (1) is prepared. The main components adopted by the host (1) are as follows: the main control chip of the core processing module adopts a model STC89C52 singlechip, and the flow rate control device (4) is made of a WGA12-N20 direct-current speed reduction Hall encoder motor, a driving wheel and a push rod; the flow sensor (5) adopts a group of infrared geminate transistors to manufacture a groove-shaped scanning grating; the pressure sensor (6) adopts a model GZP6847 micro-pressure sensor, and the measuring range is 0-20 kPa; a display module of the human-computer interaction interface (7) adopts a 5-inch liquid crystal display screen, and an operation function key adopts a button type electronic button; the memory module adopts a conventional memory chip, Samsung HY27US08561A (32M); the medical information recognition device (8) adopts an RFID card reading module, the model M5-EA-TH-00, the origin: shenzhen Lycra; the alarm adopts a conventional buzzer; the protective shell of the host (1) is made of medical PP materials through injection molding, and a limiting groove of a drip chamber of a drainage pipeline is formed in the left side of the protective shell.

2. After all parts are inspected to be qualified, the PCB is prepared by adopting electronic product general production processes such as surface mounting, welding, assembling and the like, and the electronic product is produced by adopting the conventional technology.

Example 2: preparation of fixed adjusting device for manually adjusting height in embodiment of the disclosure

1. The reference adjusting light source (11) adopts a 650nm-5mw red laser lamp bead with the caliber of 6mm, as shown in figure 3, the outside is packaged by a PVC shell, and the outer side of the PVC shell is provided with a buckle fixedly connected with a height scale (13).

2. The height adjuster (12) is made of a plum blossom-shaped turntable and a metal screw, and the metal screw is adjusted to be clamped or loosened to exit through clockwise or anticlockwise rotation of the turntable.

3. The height scale (13) is made of a circular hollow stainless steel pipe with the diameter of 30mm, the outer wall of the stainless steel pipe is printed with the size in a silk-screen printing or laser engraving mode, the minimum indication value is 1mm, the range is 0-20 cm, and the central point of a laser lamp bead of the reference adjusting light source (11) is horizontal to the position of 0 point of the height scale (13). The height scale (13) is provided with a fixing position of the host (1) and can be fixed by a bracket or a buckle.

4. The bracing piece of mounting (14) adopts internal diameter 30.2mm, and the circular hollow stainless steel pipe of wall thickness 1mm makes, and nested pipe mode is connected with the mounting in altitude scale (13) adoption, and the junction between them is equipped with altitude controller (12), observes whether the installation height that altitude scale (13) can freely adjust host computer (1) is correct. The base of the fixing piece (14) is made of cast iron, the specific size is 30cm multiplied by 20cm multiplied by 3cm, the center of the base is provided with a mounting hole of the supporting rod, and the tail part of the supporting rod is fixed in the mounting hole of the base.

Example 3: mounting mode of the disclosed embodiment

Using the fixed tuning device prepared in example 2, distance description the specific method of the host (1) on the fixed tuning device in the clinical application carried out:

(1) the reference adjusting light source (11) is turned on to determine the installation reference line, and the emitted cluster light rays are kept horizontal with the external auditory canal of the patient when the patient is in the horizontal position.

(2) After the installation reference line is determined, the main frame is installed on a height scale (13) above the reference line and is fixedly installed.

(3) The height scale (13) is checked, the height of the host (1) is adjusted by the height adjuster (12), and the drip hopper (3) of the drainage pipeline (2) matched with the host (1) is higher than the reference line by 10-15 cm.

(4) If the patient is in a lateral position, the cluster light emitted by the reference adjusting light source (11) is required to be kept horizontal with the baseline of the median sagittal plane of the patient, the host (1) is installed in the height scale (13) above the reference line, the height scale (3) is checked, the height of the host (1) is adjusted by the height adjuster (12), and the drip opening of the drip hopper (3) of the drainage pipeline (2) matched with the host (1) is higher than the reference line by 15-18 cm.

While the embodiments of the present disclosure have been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the embodiments of the present disclosure. And do not set any limit to the scope of the embodiments of the present disclosure.

Claims

1. A control and monitoring device for cerebrospinal fluid external drainage mainly comprises a host (1) and a fixed adjusting device, wherein: the main machine (1) mainly comprises a core processing module, a flow rate control device (4), a flow sensor (5), a pressure sensor (6), a communication module, a man-machine interaction interface and a medical information identification device (8), wherein the fixed adjusting device is a matched component of the main machine (1) and is mainly used for bearing fixation and adjusting the installation height of the main machine (1); the method is characterized in that: the flow rate control device (4) is used for controlling the drainage speed of cerebrospinal fluid and the opening state of the drainage pipeline (2), and the flow rate control device (4) is communicated with the core processing module and works cooperatively; the flow sensor (5) is used for monitoring the drainage quantity and the drainage speed of cerebrospinal fluid in the drainage pipeline (2), and the flow sensor (5) is communicated with the core processing module and works cooperatively; the pressure sensor (6) is used for guiding the dynamic pressure value in the pipeline (2) or in the cranium, and the pressure sensor (6) is communicated with the core processing module and works cooperatively; the core processing module of the host (1) is also burned with embedded software, the embedded software contains a drainage control program, and the drainage control program is mainly constructed by five elements of a drainage mode, drainage quantity, drainage interval time, drainage speed and a drainage pressure threshold; in a drainage control program contained in the embedded software, the drainage mode comprises a continuous drainage mode, a timing quantitative drainage mode and a constant-pressure quantitative drainage mode.

2. The device for controlling and monitoring cerebrospinal fluid outflow according to claim 1, further characterized by: the fixing and adjusting device mainly comprises a reference adjusting light source (11), a height adjuster (12), a height scale (13) and a fixing piece (14).

3. The device for controlling and monitoring cerebrospinal fluid outflow according to claim 1, further characterized by: the flow rate control device (4) mainly comprises a direct current motor, a driving part and a throttling part, wherein the direct current motor drives the throttling part to act according to an instruction of the core processing module, and the adjustment and control of the flow rate of the drainage are realized by changing the size of an internal passage of the drainage pipeline (2).

4. The device for controlling and monitoring cerebrospinal fluid outflow according to claim 1, further characterized by: the pressure sensor (6) is arranged on a PCB (printed circuit board) of the host (1), a monitoring window of the pressure sensor (6) is quickly communicated with a tee joint (10) on the drainage pipeline (2) by adopting a pressure measuring extension pipe, and the pressure in the drainage pipeline (2) is dynamically monitored.

5. The device for controlling and monitoring cerebrospinal fluid outflow according to claim 1, further characterized by: the control interface is provided with function setting, including drainage quantity setting, drainage speed setting, drainage interval time and drainage pressure threshold setting.

6. The device for controlling and monitoring cerebrospinal fluid outflow according to claim 1, further characterized by: the medical information recognition device (8) is used for patient identity recognition, bed number recognition or recognition of the special drainage pipeline (2), and the medical information recognition device (8) is communicated with the core processing module and works cooperatively.

7. The device for controlling and monitoring cerebrospinal fluid outflow according to claim 1, further characterized by: the drainage volume is divided into a current drainage volume and a daily drainage volume which are respectively set, wherein the current drainage volume is set between 10ml and 30ml, and the daily drainage volume is set between 50ml and 400 ml.

8. The device for controlling and monitoring cerebrospinal fluid outflow according to claim 1, further characterized by: setting the drainage interval time between 2h and 6h, setting the drainage speed between 5ml/h and 20ml/h, and setting the drainage opening pressure between 0.4kPa and 2.0 kPa.

9. The device for controlling and monitoring cerebrospinal fluid outflow according to claim 1, further characterized by: according to different applicable people, the upper limit value of the drainage pressure threshold value of an adult is set between 1.5kPa and 2.0kPa, and the lower limit value is set between 0.6kPa and 1.4 kPa; the upper limit value of the drainage pressure threshold value of the children is set between 0.7kPa and 1.0kPa, and the lower limit value is set between 0.4kPa and 6.0 kPa.

10. The device for controlling and monitoring cerebrospinal fluid outflow according to claim 1, further characterized by: the timing and quantitative drainage mode is that the interval time, the drainage speed and the current drainage quantity are set on a human-computer interaction interface, the flow rate control device (4) opens drainage at regular time, the drainage speed is adjusted and controlled according to the monitoring feedback of the flow sensor (5), the drainage quantity is dynamically calculated, after the set current drainage quantity is reached, the flow rate control device (4) closes the channel of the drainage pipeline (2), and the current drainage is finished; and the core control module times, opens the drainage again when the set interval time end of the next opening is reached, and the operation is repeated.