CN112751501A - 一种可穿戴移动能源及其制备方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种可穿戴移动能源,包括上导电纱线电极、多层次导电织物、织物分隔层、绝缘织物和下导电纱线电极,多层次导电织物设于上导电纱线电极与织物分隔层之间,绝缘织物设于下导电纱线电极与织物分隔层之间。本发明还公开了一种可穿戴移动能源的制备方法。本发明提供的可穿戴移动能源通过柔性可穿戴的衣服和设备,可贴附在人体各个部位,负极性摩擦材料由于采用了带有多种导电材料复合的导电织物可以有效地收集那些人体运动产生的机械能,并转换为电能进行利用;多层次导电织物基于溶液化加工制备,将溶液化的导电聚合物和纳米线,沉积在洁净的织物上,具备制备工艺简单,成本低廉,材料利用率高,自发电,便于大面积制备。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及智能可穿戴能源技术领域,尤其涉及一种基于多层次导电织物的可穿戴移动能源及其制备方法。
背景技术
在过去几年里,随着互联网和移动通信的日益成熟,智能便携式设备迅速发展。他们广泛应用于医疗和健康、航空和航天、军事、数码等领域。可以帮助人们更好地监测身体的生命体征,动态感知外部环境,实现更高效的交流,甚至还可以及时地反馈和处理信息。
作为贴身穿戴的智能设备,它们往往被希望具有便携性、小型化和柔性化等特性,以确保能给用户带来更加舒适的穿戴体验。然而,为这些设备提供能源供应的传统电池却存在质量大、体积大、电池寿命短、供电寿命有限等问题。可以说,能源供应问题在一定程度上制约了可穿戴智能设备的进一步发展。
因此,针对上述技术问题,有必要提供一种可穿戴移动能源及其制备方法。
发明内容
针对现有技术不足,本发明的目的在于提供一种可穿戴移动能源及其制备方法。
为了实现上述目的,本发明一实施例提供的技术方案如下:
一种可穿戴移动能源,其特征在于,包括上导电纱线电极、多层次导电织物、织物分隔层、绝缘织物和下导电纱线电极,所述多层次导电织物设于所述上导电纱线电极与所述织物分隔层之间,所述绝缘织物设于所述下导电纱线电极与所述织物分隔层之间。
作为本发明的进一步改进,所述上导电纱线电极采用碳纳米管、石墨烯、金属纳米线、导电聚合物中的一种或多种,喷涂、浸渍、气相沉积或原位聚合在棉质纺织物、化纤纺织物或蚕丝纺织物上,所述下导电纱线电极采用碳纳米管、石墨烯、金属纳米线、导电聚合物中的一种或多种,喷涂、浸渍、气相沉积或原位聚合在棉质纺织物、化纤纺织物或蚕丝纺织物上。
作为本发明的进一步改进,所述多层次导电织物由导电聚合物和纳米线在纺织物上聚合而成。
作为本发明的进一步改进,所述导电聚合物为聚噻吩、聚吡咯和聚苯胺中的一种或多种。
作为本发明的进一步改进,所述纳米线包括导电纳米线和/或绝缘纳米线。
作为本发明的进一步改进,所述导电纳米线为导电聚合物纳米线、金属纳米线、碳系纳米线中的一种或多种。
作为本发明的进一步改进,所述绝缘纳米线为纤维素纳米纤维、二氧化钛纳米线、二氧化硅纳米线中的一种或多种。
作为本发明的进一步改进,所述织物分隔层为棉质纺织物、化纤纺织物或蚕丝纺织物,所述绝缘织物为棉质纺织物、化纤纺织物或蚕丝纺织物。
一种可穿戴移动能源的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
S1:取第一纺织物,将导电纳米材料复合在第一纺织物上,得到上导电纱线电极;
S2:重复步骤S1,得到下导电纱线电极;
S3:取第二纺织物,将导电聚合物和纳米线复合在第二纺织物上,得到多层次导电织物;
S4:取第三纺织物,作为绝缘织物;
S5:取第四纺织物,裁剪成多个小块,分别放置在多层次导电织物与绝缘织物之间,作为织物分隔层;
S6:通过丝线缝制的方法,将上导电纱线电极、多层次导电织物、织物分隔层、绝缘织物、下导电纱线电极连接在一起,得到可穿戴移动能源。
作为本发明的进一步改进,所述步骤S1中的上导电纱线电极通过碳纳米管、石墨烯、金属纳米线、导电聚合物中的一种或多种,喷涂、浸渍、气相沉积或原位聚合在第一纺织物上制备。
本发明的有益效果是:
本发明提供的可穿戴移动能源通过柔性可穿戴的衣服和设备,可贴附在人体各个部位,负极性摩擦材料由于采用了带有多种导电材料复合的导电织物,可以有效地收集那些人体运动产生的机械能,并将其转换为电能以进行综合利用;导电织物材料基于溶液化加工制备,将溶液化的导电聚合物和纳米线,沉积在洁净的织物上,从而制备出多层次导电织物,作为负极性摩擦材料,具备制备工艺简单,成本低廉,材料利用率高,自发电,适用于大面积制备;同时具有高性能、高稳定性、柔性、可移动等优势,能够避免单一能源供应的环境限制,而且可以满足低功耗可穿戴设备正常使用的能源需求;解决了智能可穿戴设备能源供应问题;利用上述的方法制备的可穿戴移动能源在机器人感知、人机交互和户外移动能源等领域具有广阔的应用前景。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案,下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍,显而易见地,下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明中记载的一些实施例,对于本领域普通技术人员来讲,在不付出创造性劳动的前提下,还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1为本发明实施例提供的可穿戴移动能源的结构示意图;
图2为本发明实施例提供的可穿戴移动能源的多层次导电织物的结构示意图;
图3为本发明实施例提供的可穿戴移动能源的多层次导电织物的电子显微镜图;
图4为本发明的优选实施例二的可穿戴移动能源的输出性能图;
图5为本发明实施例提供的可穿戴移动能源的制备方法的流程示意图;
图中:10、上导电纱线电极,12、多层次导电织物,14、织物分隔层,16、绝缘织物,18、下导电纱线电极,20、导电聚合物,22、纳米线,24、纺织物。
具体实施方式
为了使本技术领域的人员更好地理解本发明中的技术方案,下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图,对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都应当属于本发明保护的范围。
如图1所示,一种可穿戴移动能源,包括上导电纱线电极10、多层次导电织物12、织物分隔层14、绝缘织物16和下导电纱线电极18,上导电纱线电极10能够将摩擦产生的电荷传输出去,从而对外产生电流,多层次导电织物12作为负极性摩擦材料,能够在摩擦时带负电荷,多层次导电织物12设于上导电纱线电极10与织物分隔层14之间,绝缘织物16作为正极性摩擦材料,能够在摩擦时带正电荷,绝缘织物16设于下导电纱线电极18与织物分隔层14之间,织物分隔层14能够将正极性摩擦材料与负极性摩擦材料分隔开,下导电纱线电极18能够将摩擦产生的电荷传输出去,从而对外产生电流,当可穿戴移动能源穿戴在人体上后,通过人体运动使得作为正极性摩擦材料的绝缘织物16与作为负极性摩擦材料的多层次导电织物12摩擦,能够使绝缘织物16和多层次导电织物12产生相应的摩擦电荷,这些电荷可以在多层次导电织物12与上导电纱线电极10之间、绝缘织物16与下导电纱线电极18之间流动,使得上导电纱线电极10、下导电纱线电极18分别带不同电荷,从而对外界产生电流。
本发明优选上导电纱线电极10采用碳纳米管、石墨烯、金属纳米线、导电聚合物中的一种或多种,喷涂、浸渍、气相沉积或原位聚合在棉质纺织物、化纤纺织物或蚕丝纺织物上,下导电纱线电极18采用碳纳米管、石墨烯、金属纳米线、导电聚合物中的一种或多种,喷涂、浸渍、气相沉积或原位聚合在棉质纺织物、化纤纺织物或蚕丝纺织物上。
如图2所示,本发明优选多层次导电织物12由导电聚合物20和纳米线22在纺织物24上聚合而成,导电聚合物20能够导电,通过纳米线22的设置能够形成多层次的空间结构,提升多层次导电织物12的导电性能。多层次导电织物12的电子显微镜图如图3所示。
本发明优选导电聚合物20为聚噻吩、聚吡咯和聚苯胺中的一种或多种。
本发明优选纳米线包括导电纳米线和/或绝缘纳米线。
进一步地,导电纳米线为导电聚合物纳米线、金属纳米线、碳系纳米线中的一种或多种。
进一步地,绝缘纳米线为纤维素纳米纤维、二氧化钛纳米线、二氧化硅纳米线中的一种或多种。
本发明优选织物分隔层14为棉质纺织物、化纤纺织物或蚕丝纺织物,绝缘织物16为棉质纺织物、化纤纺织物或蚕丝纺织物。
本发明实施例还提供了一种可穿戴移动能源的制备方法。如图5所示,该制备方法包括6个步骤,具体的各个步骤的内容如下所述。
S1:取第一纺织物,将导电纳米材料复合在第一纺织物上,得到上导电纱线电极10。优选地,步骤S1中的上导电纱线电极10通过碳纳米管、石墨烯、金属纳米线、导电聚合物中的一种或多种,喷涂、浸渍、气相沉积或原位聚合在第一纺织物上制备。
优选地,在步骤S1之前,还包括将第一纺织物放入无水乙醇和去离子水中洗涤30分钟,放入烘箱中烘干,烘干温度为60℃,烘干时间为3小时,得到洁净的第一纺织物。
S2:重复步骤S1,得到下导电纱线电极18。
S3:取第二纺织物,将导电聚合物20和纳米线22复合在第二纺织物上,得到多层次导电织物12。优选地,第二纺织物为棉质纺织物、化纤纺织物或蚕丝纺织物。
S4:取第三纺织物,作为绝缘织物16。优选地,绝缘织物为棉质纺织物、化纤纺织物或蚕丝纺织物。
S5:取第四纺织物,裁剪成多个小块,分别放置在多层次导电织物12与绝缘织物16之间,作为织物分隔层14。优选地,第四纺织物为棉质纺织物、化纤纺织物或蚕丝纺织物。
S6:通过丝线缝制的方法,将上导电纱线电极10、多层次导电织物12、织物分隔层14、绝缘织物16、下导电纱线电极18连接在一起,获得可穿戴移动能源。
以下对本发明的制备方法作进一步的说明。
实施例一
将棉质的第一纺织物放入无水乙醇和去离子水中洗涤30分钟,放入烘箱中烘干,烘干温度为60℃,烘干时间为3小时,得到洁净的第一纺织物;在烧杯中配置浓度为0.3mg/mL的碳纳米管溶液,将第一纺织物浸渍在混合均匀的碳纳米管溶液中,在振荡台上振荡30分钟后取出,自然风干4小时,多次重复上述浸渍、振荡和风干过程,得到高导电性的上导线纱线电极10;重复上述步骤,得到高导电性的下导电纱线电极18;在烧杯中放入0.1mol/L的氯化铁(FeCl3)水溶液,将棉质的第二纺织物放入氯化铁(FeCl3)水溶液中,在振荡台上振荡30分钟;将配置好的0.5%wt的钠十二烷基苯磺酸盐表面活性剂(SDBS)的水溶液、0.1mol/L的3,4-乙烯二氧噻吩(EDOT)掺杂5g/L的聚苯乙烯磺酸钠(PSS)的水溶液、1%wt的金纳米线和1%wt的棉花纤维素纳米纤维的混合溶液,倒入含有第二纺织物的氯化铁(FeCl3)水溶液中,充分搅拌,使聚合过程充分进行,取出后分别用无水乙醇和去离子水洗涤,在60℃真空干燥8小时,得到制备好的多层次导电织物12;取棉质的第三纺织物,作为绝缘织物16;取棉质的第四纺织物,裁剪成四块大小相等的矩形织物,分别放置在多层次导电织物12与绝缘织物16之间,作为织物分隔层14;通过丝线缝制的方法,将上导电纱线电极10、多层次导电织物12、织物分隔层14、绝缘织物16、下导电纱线电极18连接在一起,得到可穿戴移动能源。
实施例二
将化纤材质的第一纺织物放入无水乙醇和去离子水中洗涤30分钟,放入烘箱中烘干,烘干温度为60℃,烘干时间为3小时,得到洁净的第一纺织物;在烧杯中配置浓度为60mg/mL的石墨烯溶液,将第一纺织物浸渍在混合均匀的石墨烯溶液中,在振荡台上振荡30分钟后取出,自然风干4小时,多次重复上述浸渍、振荡和风干过程,得到高导电性的上导线纱线电极10;重复上述步骤,得到高导电性的下导电纱线电极18;在烧杯中放入0.1mol/L的氯化铁(FeCl3)水溶液,将化纤材质的第二纺织物放入氯化铁(FeCl3)水溶液中,在振荡台上振荡30分钟;将配置好的0.5%wt的钠十二烷基苯磺酸盐表面活性剂(SDBS)的水溶液、0.1mol/L的3,4-乙烯二氧噻吩(EDOT)掺杂5g/L的聚苯乙烯磺酸钠(PSS)的水溶液、1%wt的聚(3,4-乙烯二氧噻吩)纳米线和1%wt的棉花纤维素纳米纤维的混合溶液,倒入含有第二纺织物的氯化铁(FeCl3)水溶液中,充分搅拌,使聚合过程充分进行,取出后分别用无水乙醇和去离子水洗涤,在60℃真空干燥8小时,得到制备好的多层次导电织物12;取化纤材质的第三纺织物,作为绝缘织物16;取化纤材质的第四纺织物,裁剪成四块大小相等的矩形织物,分别放置在多层次导电织物12与绝缘织物16之间,作为织物分隔层14;通过丝线缝制的方法,将上导电纱线电极10、多层次导电织物12、织物分隔层14、绝缘织物16、下导电纱线电极18连接在一起,得到可穿戴移动能源。
得到的输出性能图如图4所示,其中横坐标的Time表示时间、纵坐标的Voltage表示输出电压,表明制作的基于多层次导电织物的可穿戴移动能源具有高的输出电压和稳定的输出幅值,可以为户外设备提供基础的能源供应。
实施例三
将蚕丝材质的第一纺织物放入无水乙醇和去离子水中洗涤30分钟,放入烘箱中烘干,烘干温度为60℃,烘干时间为3小时,得到洁净的第一纺织物;在烧杯中配置浓度为10mg/mL的银纳米线溶液,将第一纺织物浸渍在混合均匀的银纳米线溶液中,在振荡台上振荡30分钟后取出,自然风干4小时,多次重复上述浸渍、振荡和风干过程,得到高导电性的上导线纱线电极10;重复上述步骤,得到高导电性的下导电纱线电极18;在烧杯中放入0.2mol/L的氯化铁(FeCl3)水溶液,将蚕丝材质的第二纺织物放入氯化铁(FeCl3)水溶液中,在振荡台上振荡30分钟;将配置好的0.5%wt的钠十二烷基苯磺酸盐表面活性剂(SDBS)的水溶液、0.2mol/L的3,4-乙烯二氧噻吩(EDOT)掺杂10g/L的聚苯乙烯磺酸钠(PSS)的水溶液、1%wt的铜纳米线的混合溶液,倒入含有第二纺织物的氯化铁(FeCl3)水溶液中,充分搅拌,使聚合过程充分进行,取出后分别用无水乙醇和去离子水洗涤,在60℃真空干燥8小时,得到制备好的多层次导电织物12;取蚕丝材质的第三纺织物,作为绝缘织物16;取蚕丝材质的第四纺织物,裁剪成四块大小相等的矩形织物,分别放置在多层次导电织物12与绝缘织物16之间,作为织物分隔层14;通过丝线缝制的方法,将上导电纱线电极10、多层次导电织物12、织物分隔层14、绝缘织物16、下导电纱线电极18连接在一起,得到可穿戴移动能源。
实施例四
将棉质的第一纺织物放入无水乙醇和去离子水中洗涤30分钟,放入烘箱中烘干,烘干温度为60℃,烘干时间为3小时,得到洁净的第一纺织物;在烧杯中配置浓度为0.4mol/L的聚吡咯溶液,将第一纺织物浸渍在混合均匀的聚吡咯溶液中,在振荡台上振荡30分钟后取出,自然风干4小时,多次重复上述浸渍、振荡和风干过程,得到高导电性的上导线纱线电极10;重复上述步骤,得到高导电性的下导电纱线电极18;在烧杯中放入0.2mol/L的氯化铁(FeCl3)水溶液,将棉质的第二纺织物放入氯化铁(FeCl3)水溶液中,在振荡台上振荡30分钟;将配置好的0.5%wt的钠十二烷基苯磺酸盐表面活性剂(SDBS)的水溶液、0.2mol/L的3,4-乙烯二氧噻吩(EDOT)掺杂10g/L的聚苯乙烯磺酸钠(PSS)的水溶液、1%wt的二氧化硅纳米线的混合溶液,倒入含有第二纺织物的氯化铁(FeCl3)水溶液中,充分搅拌,使聚合过程充分进行,取出后分别用无水乙醇和去离子水洗涤,在60℃真空干燥8小时,得到制备好的多层次导电织物12;取棉质的第三纺织物,作为绝缘织物16;取棉质的第四纺织物,裁剪成四块大小相等的矩形织物,分别放置在多层次导电织物12与绝缘织物16之间,作为织物分隔层14;通过丝线缝制的方法,将上导电纱线电极10、多层次导电织物12、织物分隔层14、绝缘织物16、下导电纱线电极18连接在一起,得到可穿戴移动能源。
实施例五
将棉质的第一纺织物放入无水乙醇和去离子水中洗涤30分钟,放入烘箱中烘干,烘干温度为60℃,烘干时间为3小时,得到洁净的第一纺织物;在烧杯中配置浓度为0.5mg/ml的碳纳米管溶液,将第一纺织物浸渍在混合均匀的碳纳米管溶液中,在振荡台上振荡30分钟后取出,自然风干4小时,多次重复上述浸渍、振荡和风干过程,得到高导电性的上导线纱线电极10;重复上述步骤,得到高导电性的下导电纱线电极18;在烧杯中放入0.2mol/L的氯化铁(FeCl3)水溶液,将棉质的第二纺织物放入氯化铁(FeCl3)水溶液中,在振荡台上振荡30分钟;将配置好的0.5%wt的钠十二烷基苯磺酸盐表面活性剂(SDBS)的水溶液、0.2mol/L的3,4-乙烯二氧噻吩(EDOT)掺杂10g/L的聚苯乙烯磺酸钠(PSS)的水溶液、1%wt的聚(3,4-乙烯二氧噻吩)纳米线和1%wt的二氧化硅纳米线的混合溶液,倒入含有第二纺织物的氯化铁(FeCl3)水溶液中,充分搅拌,使聚合过程充分进行,取出后分别用无水乙醇和去离子水洗涤,在60℃真空干燥8小时,得到制备好的多层次导电织物12;取棉质的第三纺织物,作为绝缘织物16;取棉质的第四纺织物,裁剪成四块大小相等的矩形织物,分别放置在多层次导电织物12与绝缘织物16之间,作为织物分隔层14;通过丝线缝制的方法,将上导电纱线电极10、多层次导电织物12、织物分隔层14、绝缘织物16、下导电纱线电极18连接在一起,得到可穿戴移动能源。
对于本领域技术人员而言,显然本发明不限于上述示范性实施例的细节,而且在不背离本发明的精神或基本特征的情况下,能够以其他的具体形式实现本发明。因此,无论从哪一点来看,均应将实施例看作是示范性的,而且是非限制性的,本发明的范围由所附权利要求而不是上述说明限定,因此旨在将落在权利要求的等同要件的含义和范围内的所有变化囊括在本发明内。不应将权利要求中的任何附图标记视为限制所涉及的权利要求。
此外,应当理解,虽然本说明书按照实施方式加以描述,但并非每个实施方式仅包含一个独立的技术方案,说明书的这种叙述方式仅仅是为清楚起见,本领域技术人员应当将说明书作为一个整体,各实施例中的技术方案也可以经适当组合,形成本领域技术人员可以理解的其他实施方式。
Claims (10)
1.一种可穿戴移动能源,其特征在于,包括上导电纱线电极、多层次导电织物、织物分隔层、绝缘织物和下导电纱线电极,所述多层次导电织物设于所述上导电纱线电极与所述织物分隔层之间,所述绝缘织物设于所述下导电纱线电极与所述织物分隔层之间。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种可穿戴移动能源,其特征在于,所述上导电纱线电极采用碳纳米管、石墨烯、金属纳米线、导电聚合物中的一种或多种,喷涂、浸渍、气相沉积或原位聚合在棉质纺织物、化纤纺织物或蚕丝纺织物上,所述下导电纱线电极采用碳纳米管、石墨烯、金属纳米线、导电聚合物中的一种或多种,喷涂、浸渍、气相沉积或原位聚合在棉质纺织物、化纤纺织物或蚕丝纺织物上。
3.根据权利要求1所述一种可穿戴移动能源,其特征在于,所述多层次导电织物由导电聚合物和纳米线在纺织物上聚合而成。
4.根据权利要求3所述一种可穿戴移动能源,其特征在于,所述导电聚合物为聚噻吩、聚吡咯和聚苯胺中的一种或多种。
5.根据权利要求3所述一种可穿戴移动能源,其特征在于,所述纳米线包括导电纳米线和/或绝缘纳米线。
6.根据权利要求5所述一种可穿戴移动能源,其特征在于,所述导电纳米线为导电聚合物纳米线、金属纳米线、碳系纳米线中的一种或多种。
7.根据权利要求5所述一种可穿戴移动能源,其特征在于,所述绝缘纳米线为纤维素纳米纤维、二氧化钛纳米线、二氧化硅纳米线中的一种或多种。
8.根据权利要求1所述一种可穿戴移动能源,其特征在于,所述织物分隔层为棉质纺织物、化纤纺织物或蚕丝纺织物,所述绝缘织物为棉质纺织物、化纤纺织物或蚕丝纺织物。
9.一种可穿戴移动能源的制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
S1:取第一纺织物,将导电纳米材料复合在第一纺织物上,得到上导电纱线电极;
S2:重复步骤S1,得到下导电纱线电极;
S3:取第二纺织物,将导电聚合物和纳米线复合在第二纺织物上,得到多层次导电织物;
S4:取第三纺织物,作为绝缘织物;
S5:取第四纺织物,裁剪成多个小块,分别放置在多层次导电织物与绝缘织物之间,作为织物分隔层;
S6:通过丝线缝制的方法,将上导电纱线电极、多层次导电织物、织物分隔层、绝缘织物、下导电纱线电极连接在一起,得到可穿戴移动能源。
10.根据权利要求9所述一种可穿戴移动能源的制备方法,其特征在于,所述步骤S1中的上导电纱线电极通过碳纳米管、石墨烯、金属纳米线、导电聚合物中的一种或多种,喷涂、浸渍、气相沉积或原位聚合在第一纺织物上制备。
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