CN112748473A - Tunnel face surrounding rock sketch system and method - Google Patents
Tunnel face surrounding rock sketch system and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN112748473A CN112748473A CN202011463028.0A CN202011463028A CN112748473A CN 112748473 A CN112748473 A CN 112748473A CN 202011463028 A CN202011463028 A CN 202011463028A CN 112748473 A CN112748473 A CN 112748473A
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- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims description 3
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Abstract
The invention provides a tunnel face surrounding rock sketch system, which comprises: the image acquisition device is arranged on the drill jumbo and used for acquiring image information of surrounding rocks on the tunnel face of the tunnel; and the image processing device is communicated with the image acquisition device and is used for receiving the image information, identifying and processing the image information, quantizing the structural parameters of the surrounding rock of the tunnel face and constructing a tunnel face model. According to the invention, the zoom camera is integrated on the drill jumbo, after the protection function is added to the drill jumbo, the digital imaging of the surrounding rock of the tunnel face can be automatically obtained in a complex tunnel construction environment, and development degree parameters of the surrounding rock structure of the tunnel face, such as structural face group number, structural face distance, structural face extension length and other structural face occurrence information, are rapidly quantized by combining an image processing and recognition technology, so that the electronic sketch of the tunnel face is formed. The invention is convenient and fast, and greatly improves the construction efficiency and the safety.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of tunnel construction, in particular to a tunnel face surrounding rock sketch system and a tunnel face surrounding rock sketch method.
Background
In the road network construction, tunnels account for a large proportion of the total length of a line due to geographical positions of the tunnels, so that excavation and geological exploration of the tunnels play an extremely important role in the whole road network construction. Due to the polygon and complexity of the geological conditions of the tunnel engineering and the limitation of means, construction period and expenditure, the geological conditions cannot be thoroughly explored before excavation, and the surrounding rock grade must be recognized and determined again through the geological conditions revealed after excavation, so the quantity, accuracy and rapidity of the related information of the geology and the supporting structure obtained in the construction directly influence the quality of the structure and the construction scheme design.
Therefore, the invention provides a tunnel face surrounding rock sketch system and a tunnel face surrounding rock sketch method.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a tunnel face surrounding rock sketch system, which comprises:
the image acquisition device is arranged on the drill jumbo and used for acquiring image information of surrounding rocks on the tunnel face of the tunnel;
and the image processing device is communicated with the image acquisition device and is used for receiving the image information, identifying and processing the image information, quantizing the structural parameters of the surrounding rock of the tunnel face and constructing a tunnel face model.
According to one embodiment of the present invention, the image pickup apparatus includes:
the mobile acquisition equipment is arranged in a hanging basket of the drill jumbo, the hanging basket is installed on an arm support of the drill jumbo, and the position of the hanging basket is moved by controlling joints on the arm support, so that the mobile acquisition equipment acquires image information of surrounding rocks on tunnel face at different positions.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the mobile acquisition device comprises:
and the arm support camera is arranged in a hanging basket of the drill jumbo and is used for acquiring surrounding rock image information of tunnel face at different positions through the zooming high-definition lens.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the system further comprises:
and the light supplement lamps are uniformly arranged on the drill jumbo and are used for irradiating the face to improve the quality of image acquisition.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the system further comprises:
and the protecting device is arranged at the periphery of the image acquisition device and used for protecting the image acquisition device.
According to one embodiment of the present invention, the image processing apparatus includes:
the binary segmentation module is communicated with the image acquisition device and is used for performing binary segmentation on the image information to obtain a binary image;
the structural surface information module is communicated with the binary segmentation module and used for calculating structural surface information of tunnel face surrounding rocks according to the binary images;
the quality data module is communicated with the structural surface information module and used for obtaining the surrounding rock quality data of the tunnel face according to the structural surface information;
and the tunnel face model module is communicated with the quality data module and is used for constructing a tunnel face model.
According to another aspect of the invention, there is also provided a tunnel face surrounding rock sketch method, which comprises the following steps:
collecting image information of surrounding rocks on the tunnel face of the tunnel;
and identifying and processing the image information, quantizing the structural parameters of the surrounding rock of the tunnel face, and constructing a tunnel face model.
According to one embodiment of the invention, mobile acquisition equipment is arranged in a hanging basket of the drill jumbo, the hanging basket is installed on an arm support of the drill jumbo, and the position of the hanging basket is moved by controlling joints on the arm support, so that the mobile acquisition equipment acquires image information of surrounding rocks of tunnel face at different positions.
According to one embodiment of the invention, image information of surrounding rocks on the tunnel face of the tunnel is collected through the zooming high-definition lens.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the quality of image acquisition is improved by illuminating the tunnel face with the light supplement lamp.
According to the invention, the zoom camera is integrated on the drill jumbo, after the protection function is added to the drill jumbo, the digital imaging of the surrounding rock of the tunnel face can be automatically obtained in a complex tunnel construction environment, and development degree parameters of the surrounding rock structure of the tunnel face, such as structural face group number, structural face distance, structural face extension length and other structural face occurrence information, are rapidly quantized by combining an image processing and recognition technology, so that the electronic sketch of the tunnel face is formed. The invention is convenient and fast, and greatly improves the construction efficiency and the safety.
Additional features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the invention will be realized and attained by the structure particularly pointed out in the written description and claims hereof as well as the appended drawings.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a tunnel face wall rock sketch system according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a tunnel face surrounding rock sketch system according to another embodiment of the invention;
FIGS. 3a, 3b and 3c are schematic diagrams illustrating various angles of a tunnel face surrounding rock sketch system according to an embodiment of the invention; and
fig. 4 shows a flowchart of a tunnel face surrounding rock sketch method according to an embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, embodiments of the present invention are described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
At present, the common method for acquiring the face sketch has higher requirement on the propelling speed, and the traditional method for acquiring the face information has high danger and seriously influences the construction efficiency. According to the invention, the zoom camera is integrated on the drill jumbo, after the protection function is added to the drill jumbo, the digital imaging of the surrounding rock of the tunnel face can be automatically obtained in a complex tunnel construction environment, and development degree parameters of the surrounding rock structure of the tunnel face, such as structural face group number, structural face distance, structural face extension length and other structural face occurrence information, are rapidly quantized by combining an image processing and recognition technology, so that the electronic sketch of the tunnel face is formed. Compared with the traditional method for acquiring the image of the tunnel face, the method for acquiring the image of the tunnel face automatically acquires the image, is convenient and quick, and greatly improves the construction efficiency and the safety.
Fig. 1 shows a block diagram of a tunnel face surrounding rock sketch system according to an embodiment of the invention. As shown in fig. 1, the system comprises: an image acquisition device 101 and an image processing device 102.
The image acquisition device 101 is arranged on the drill jumbo and used for acquiring image information of surrounding rocks on the tunnel face of the tunnel. The image processing device 102 is in communication with the image acquisition device 101, and is configured to receive the image information, identify and process the image information, quantify structural parameters of surrounding rock of the tunnel face, and construct a tunnel face model.
The image capturing device 101 comprises a mobile capturing device. The mobile acquisition equipment is arranged in a hanging basket of the drill jumbo, the hanging basket is arranged on an arm support of the drill jumbo, and the position of the hanging basket is moved by controlling joints on the arm support, so that the mobile acquisition equipment acquires image information of surrounding rocks on tunnel face surfaces at different positions. According to one embodiment of the invention, a mobile acquisition device comprises: and the arm support camera is arranged in a hanging basket of the drill jumbo and is used for acquiring surrounding rock image information of tunnel face at different positions through the zooming high-definition lens.
The tunnel face surrounding rock sketch system provided by the invention further comprises: light filling lamp and protector. The light filling lamp is arranged on the drill jumbo and used for irradiating the face to improve the quality of image acquisition. The protection device is arranged on the periphery of the image acquisition device and used for protecting the image acquisition device.
Through the cooperation of zooming high definition digtal camera and light filling lamp, can acquire the clear image of tunnel face, guarantee image acquisition's requirement, through gathering the image of many same faces, can synthesize the three-dimensional model of tunnel face after image processing, carry out the three-dimensional reappearance of many visual angles.
The image processing apparatus includes: the tunnel face model comprises a binary segmentation module, a structural face information module, a quality data module and a tunnel face model module.
The binary segmentation module is communicated with the image acquisition device and is used for performing binary segmentation on the image information to obtain a binary image. And the structural surface information module is communicated with the binary segmentation module and is used for calculating structural surface information of the tunnel face surrounding rock according to the binary image. And the quality data module is communicated with the structural plane information module and is used for obtaining the surrounding rock quality data of the tunnel face according to the structural plane information. The tunnel face model module is communicated with the quality data module and used for constructing a tunnel face model.
Fig. 2 shows a schematic structural diagram of a tunnel face surrounding rock sketch system according to an embodiment of the invention. As shown in fig. 2, when analyzing surrounding rock on tunnel face, an arm support camera and a light supplement lamp are required.
The arm support camera is arranged in a hanging basket, the hanging basket is connected with the rock drilling trolley through an arm support, and the position of the hanging basket can be changed along with the movement of a joint on the arm support. And a plurality of light supplement lamps are arranged on the drill jumbo. As shown in fig. 2, four light supplement lamps are arranged at the upper part of the cab, and 6 light supplement lamps are respectively arranged on the body of the drill jumbo.
The light filling lamp can shine whole face, and the picture of gathering can better discernment, can promote image acquisition's quality. The arm support camera can acquire surrounding rock image information of tunnel face at different positions through the zooming high-definition lens.
As shown in fig. 2, zoom high-definition cameras and light supplementing devices are reasonably arranged on the trolley, and the definition of images of the collected tunnel face can be ensured. The method comprises the steps of collecting a plurality of same face images, synthesizing a face three-dimensional model, performing multi-view stereo reproduction, sequentially arranging the face according to mileage, reconstructing a tunnel face geological three-dimensional model, and performing short-distance forecast.
In the process of tunnel construction, due to the fact that geological rock structures at tunnels are different, interference of human factors such as construction personnel is caused, the obtained tunnel face images are different inevitably, the smoothness degree of the face rocks is different, when the digital camera is used for obtaining the digital image of the tunnel face, the flash lamp can enable the face rocks to reflect light, light spots with different sizes are left on the tunnel face on the shot digital image, and great difficulty is brought to digital processing of the tunnel face. Most of the time, the processing of digital images of tunnel faces must be specifically analyzed and solved for the specific situation.
The process of performing tunnel face surrounding rock sketch comprises the following steps: the method comprises the steps of photographing by a zoom camera, carrying out image binarization processing, carrying out gray level transformation, carrying out filtering, extracting edges, setting a threshold value, analyzing features and filling an internal area.
In the digital image processing of the present invention, in order to reduce the amount of calculation, the grayscale image may be converted into binary image processing. A binary image has only two gray levels, black and white, i.e. the pixel gray level is not 0, i.e. 1, and its digital image can be represented by a matrix of 1bit per pixel.
The system integrates the image acquisition system and the trolley, a camera does not need to be erected manually for photographing, and the construction efficiency and the construction safety are effectively improved. Through the reasonable layout of the light supplement lamps, the illumination is uniform, the subsequent image binarization processing and the like are smoothly carried out, and a large number of complex algorithms are avoided.
After an original image of surrounding rock of a tunnel face is obtained, the image is preprocessed firstly, then a characteristic extraction stage is carried out, and finally an identification analysis stage is carried out. The image pre-processing stage is the preliminary stage of image processing.
The original image obtained in practical application is not perfect, and due to reasons such as noise, illumination and the like, the quality of the image is not high, and preprocessing is needed to be performed so as to be beneficial to extracting needed information. The preprocessing of the image comprises image enhancement, smoothing filtering, sharpening and the like. The pre-processing of the image can be realized in a space domain or a frequency domain.
The tunnel face image has its own features, which are unique to the tunnel face image, unlike other images. Boundaries between different rock stratums on the tunnel face image are clearer, and the boundary gradient is larger. However, formation boundaries where there are still many face images are not apparent, and slip between layers and formation joints can create some boundaries. The texture of both the object and the background is not uniform. The image often has many cracks, and the size and the area of the cracks are different. If there are relatively large particles in the fracture that are similar or even brighter to the background color, this can also result in a change in the color of the fracture image. But in general the cracks are darker in colour than the background. Some cracks are short and dense and are staggered with each other.
Due to the inherent characteristics of the digital camera, the photographed image of the palm surface has the phenomenon of uneven brightness. The boundaries and cracks have no fixed shapes, and interference of human factors such as tunnel constructors and the like causes a plurality of false boundaries, so that the tunnel face images which are originally complicated become more complicated and more difficult to process. Therefore, the processing of the palm surface image can not only use a specific algorithm, but needs specific problem analysis.
The image processing apparatus includes: the tunnel face model comprises a binary segmentation module, a structural face information module, a quality data module and a tunnel face model module. The binary segmentation module is communicated with the image acquisition device and is used for performing binary segmentation on the image information to obtain a binary image. And the structural surface information module is communicated with the binary segmentation module and is used for calculating structural surface information of the tunnel face surrounding rock according to the binary image. And the quality data module is communicated with the structural plane information module and is used for obtaining the surrounding rock quality data of the tunnel face according to the structural plane information. The tunnel face model module is communicated with the quality data module and used for constructing a tunnel face model.
Fig. 3a, 3b and 3c are schematic structural diagrams illustrating various angles of a tunnel face surrounding rock sketch system according to an embodiment of the invention.
As shown in fig. 3a, the system includes mobile collection device and light filling lamp, and the system shoots through controlling mobile collection device, carries out the light filling through the light filling lamp, gathers many palm face images as data input, then carries out quality screening and preliminary treatment to data.
The system judges whether the input picture pixel value (more than 1600w), noise point correlation (iso is less than 200) and other related parameters reach the standard or not, and then judges whether the picture is fuzzy or not through an image processing algorithm; and (4) inputting a qualified threshold value (0-100) to the picture identified in the first step by using a neural network model, and obtaining a return result.
After the face analysis system automatically identifies the structural face data, a user can manually correct the data, then the system calculates and analyzes the data, and calculates the average distance, the average length, the overall strike angle, the RQD value of the face and the Rock Quality standard (Rock Quality Designation) of each group of structural faces.
The system analyzes the grade of the surrounding rock through an algorithm by combining with the face parameters (strength information, integrity information and the like) selected by the user on site, and finally generates a report through a report module.
The mobile acquisition device is arranged on the holder, the holder needs to meet the rotating angle of 720 degrees, can rotate in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction, and can be remotely controlled.
Fig. 4 shows a flowchart of a tunnel face surrounding rock sketch method according to an embodiment of the invention. As shown in fig. 4, in step S401, image information of surrounding rocks of the tunnel face is acquired. The device for acquiring image information comprises a mobile acquisition device.
The mobile acquisition equipment adopts a zoom high-definition lens to acquire image information of surrounding rocks on the tunnel face of the tunnel. The mobile acquisition equipment is arranged in a hanging basket on the arm support of the drill jumbo. Along with the movement of the hanging basket, the mobile acquisition equipment acquires the image information of the tunnel face at different positions.
In step S402, the image information is identified and processed, the structural parameters of the surrounding rock of the tunnel face are quantized, and a tunnel face model is constructed. In this step, binary segmentation is performed on the image information to obtain a binary image. And then, calculating the structural plane information of the surrounding rock of the tunnel face according to the binary image. And then, obtaining the surrounding rock quality data of the tunnel face according to the structural plane information. And finally, constructing a tunnel face model.
It is to be understood that the disclosed embodiments of the invention are not limited to the particular structures, process steps, or materials disclosed herein but are extended to equivalents thereof as would be understood by those ordinarily skilled in the relevant arts. It is also to be understood that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only, and is not intended to be limiting.
Reference in the specification to "one embodiment" or "an embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment is included in at least one embodiment of the invention. Thus, the appearances of the phrase "one embodiment" or "an embodiment" in various places throughout this specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment.
Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described above, the above description is only for the convenience of understanding the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A tunnel face wall rock sketch system, the system comprising:
the image acquisition device is arranged on the drill jumbo and used for acquiring image information of surrounding rocks on the tunnel face of the tunnel;
and the image processing device is communicated with the image acquisition device and is used for receiving the image information, identifying and processing the image information, quantizing the structural parameters of the surrounding rock of the tunnel face and constructing a tunnel face model.
2. The system of claim 1, wherein the image acquisition device comprises:
the mobile acquisition equipment is arranged in a hanging basket of the drill jumbo, the hanging basket is installed on an arm support of the drill jumbo, and the position of the hanging basket is moved by controlling joints on the arm support, so that the mobile acquisition equipment acquires image information of surrounding rocks on tunnel face at different positions.
3. The system of claim 2, wherein the mobile acquisition device comprises:
and the arm support camera is arranged in a hanging basket of the drill jumbo and is used for acquiring surrounding rock image information of tunnel face at different positions through the zooming high-definition lens.
4. The system of any one of claims 1-3, further comprising:
and the light supplement lamps are uniformly arranged on the drill jumbo and are used for irradiating the face to improve the quality of image acquisition.
5. The system of any one of claims 1-4, further comprising:
and the protecting device is arranged at the periphery of the image acquisition device and used for protecting the image acquisition device.
6. The system of claim 1, wherein the image processing device comprises:
the binary segmentation module is communicated with the image acquisition device and is used for performing binary segmentation on the image information to obtain a binary image;
the structural surface information module is communicated with the binary segmentation module and used for calculating structural surface information of tunnel face surrounding rocks according to the binary images;
the quality data module is communicated with the structural surface information module and used for obtaining the surrounding rock quality data of the tunnel face according to the structural surface information;
and the tunnel face model module is communicated with the quality data module and is used for constructing a tunnel face model.
7. A tunnel face surrounding rock sketch method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
collecting image information of surrounding rocks on the tunnel face of the tunnel;
and identifying and processing the image information, quantizing the structural parameters of the surrounding rock of the tunnel face, and constructing a tunnel face model.
8. A method according to claim 7, characterized in that mobile acquisition equipment is arranged in a cradle of the rock-drilling rig, said cradle being mounted on an arm of the rock-drilling rig, the position of the cradle being moved by controlling joints on the arm so that the mobile acquisition equipment acquires image information of surrounding rock of the tunnel face at different locations.
9. The method of claim 8, wherein the image information of the tunnel face surrounding rock is acquired through a zoom high-definition lens.
10. The method of any one of claims 7-9, wherein the quality of image acquisition is improved by illuminating the tunnel face with a fill-in light.
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