CN112748460B - Method and system for calibrating actual single shot record horizon based on simulated earthquake single shot record - Google Patents
Method and system for calibrating actual single shot record horizon based on simulated earthquake single shot record Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN112748460B CN112748460B CN201911041642.5A CN201911041642A CN112748460B CN 112748460 B CN112748460 B CN 112748460B CN 201911041642 A CN201911041642 A CN 201911041642A CN 112748460 B CN112748460 B CN 112748460B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- horizon
- record
- model
- single shot
- shot
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 68
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 abstract description 13
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 14
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000003908 quality control method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004590 computer program Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V1/00—Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting
- G01V1/28—Processing seismic data, e.g. for interpretation or for event detection
- G01V1/282—Application of seismic models, synthetic seismograms
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V1/00—Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting
- G01V1/28—Processing seismic data, e.g. for interpretation or for event detection
- G01V1/30—Analysis
- G01V1/303—Analysis for determining velocity profiles or travel times
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V1/00—Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting
- G01V1/28—Processing seismic data, e.g. for interpretation or for event detection
- G01V1/30—Analysis
- G01V1/306—Analysis for determining physical properties of the subsurface, e.g. impedance, porosity or attenuation profiles
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V1/00—Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting
- G01V1/28—Processing seismic data, e.g. for interpretation or for event detection
- G01V1/36—Effecting static or dynamic corrections on records, e.g. correcting spread; Correlating seismic signals; Eliminating effects of unwanted energy
- G01V1/37—Effecting static or dynamic corrections on records, e.g. correcting spread; Correlating seismic signals; Eliminating effects of unwanted energy specially adapted for seismic systems using continuous agitation of the ground, e.g. using pulse compression of frequency swept signals for enhancement of received signals
- G01V1/375—Correlating received seismic signals with the emitted source signal
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Remote Sensing (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Geophysics (AREA)
- Geophysics And Detection Of Objects (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a method and a system for calibrating an actual single shot recording horizon based on simulated seismic single shot recording, and relates to the technical field of geophysical exploration. The method includes building a build+layer velocity model; determining a construction+layer speed model corresponding to the field actually measured shot point according to the construction+layer speed model; determining a simulated earthquake single shot record according to a structure+layer speed model corresponding to the field actually measured shot point; and according to the construction+layer speed model, obtaining a single shot record of the simulated simulation earthquake with the layer through forward modeling, and then calibrating the single shot record to the corresponding actual single shot record of the field actual measurement shot point. The method utilizes the high similarity of the simulated single-shot record and the actual single-shot record time-distance curve to rapidly and accurately calibrate the field actual single-shot record horizon by using the simulated single-shot record horizon, achieves the purpose of analyzing the reflection characteristics and the energy of the target horizon in real time, monitoring the single-shot record quality, saving manpower and time and ensuring the efficient completion of the acquisition and processing tasks.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of geophysical exploration, in particular to a mountain complex-structure seismic data acquisition processing technology, and specifically relates to a method and a system for calibrating an actual single shot recording layer based on simulated seismic single shot recording.
Background
In land seismic exploration, a geological horizon is usually calibrated on a seismic single shot record by adopting a manual calibration method to judge whether the quality of a target layer for collecting data can finish geological tasks, but the work needs to compile a T0 diagram when the target layer is buried, so that a great deal of manpower and time are consumed, and a strong seismic data interpretation basis and experience are needed. Because most field processing personnel, geophysical prospecting supervision and technicians in the field data acquisition link have little contact with the interpretation work of seismic data, the reflection characteristics of a target layer are not familiar or known enough, the geological reflection layer is very difficult to determine on single shot record, the efficiency of a manual calibration method is low, the quality of single shot record cannot be monitored rapidly in real time, and the method has certain hysteresis.
Therefore, how to provide a new solution to the above technical problem is a technical problem to be solved in the art.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the embodiment of the invention provides a method and a system for calibrating an actual single shot recording horizon based on simulated seismic single shot recording, which utilize the high similarity between the simulated single shot recording and an actual single shot recording time-distance curve to rapidly and accurately calibrate a field actual single shot recording horizon by using the simulated single shot recording horizon, thereby achieving the purposes of analyzing the reflection characteristics and the energy of a target horizon in real time, monitoring the single shot recording quality, saving manpower and time and ensuring the efficient completion of acquisition and processing tasks.
One of the purposes of the invention is to provide a method for calibrating an actual single shot recording horizon based on simulated seismic single shot recording, which comprises the following steps:
building a structure+layer speed model;
determining a construction+layer speed model corresponding to the field actually measured shot point according to the construction+layer speed model;
determining a simulated earthquake single shot record according to a structure+layer speed model corresponding to the field actually measured shot point;
obtaining an actual single shot record with a horizon according to a structure+layer speed model corresponding to the field actually measured shot point and a simulated earthquake single shot record;
the method for obtaining the actual single shot record with the horizon according to the structure corresponding to the field actually measured shot point, the layer speed model and the simulated earthquake single shot record comprises the following steps:
acquiring each geological horizon of a structure+horizon velocity model corresponding to the field actually measured shot point;
according to the corresponding relation between each geological horizon of the structure+horizon speed model corresponding to the field actually measured shot point and each horizon of each reflecting layer of the simulated earthquake single shot record, automatically calibrating each geological horizon of the structure+horizon speed model corresponding to the field actually measured shot point at the wellhead track position of the simulated earthquake single shot record through the travel time of each reflecting layer, and obtaining the simulated earthquake single shot record with the horizon;
and projecting the horizons of the simulated single shot record on the actual single shot record according to the high similarity of the simulated single shot record with the horizons and the actual single shot record time interval curve, so as to obtain the actual single shot record with the horizons, wherein the high similarity comprises travel time and reflection characteristics, and the reflection characteristics comprise frequency, phase, amplitude and time difference.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the building the build+layer velocity model includes:
acquiring seismic data, geological data, drilling data and logging data in or adjacent to a work area;
establishing a time domain construction model according to the seismic data, the geological data, the drilling data and the logging data;
picking up a time domain layer speed body along a layer according to the time domain construction model, and obtaining a depth domain construction model through time-depth conversion;
and filling the time domain layer speed body into the depth domain construction model to obtain a construction+layer speed model.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, determining a structure+layer velocity model corresponding to a field measured shot from the structure+layer velocity model includes:
acquiring the landform line coordinates of a field actually-measured shot point;
correcting the topographic line coordinates of the construction+layer speed model according to the topographic line coordinates of the field actually measured shot point to obtain the construction+layer speed model corresponding to the topographic line of the field actually measured shot point.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, determining a simulated seismic single shot record according to the structure+layer velocity model corresponding to the field measured shot point includes:
obtaining an underground geophysical model according to a construction+layer speed model corresponding to the field actually measured shot point;
and simulating propagation in the stratum by utilizing a wave equation, and forward modeling according to the underground geophysical model to obtain a simulated earthquake single shot record.
One of the purposes of the invention is to provide a system for calibrating an actual single shot recording horizon based on simulated seismic single shot recording, which comprises:
the first model building module is used for building a construction+layer speed model;
the second model determining module is used for determining a construction+layer speed model corresponding to the field actually measured shot point according to the construction+layer speed model;
the first record determining module is used for determining a simulated earthquake single shot record according to a structure+layer speed model corresponding to the field actual measurement shot point;
the second record determining module is used for obtaining an actual single shot record with a horizon according to a structure+layer speed model corresponding to the field actual measurement shot point and a simulated earthquake single shot record;
wherein the second record determining module includes:
the geological horizon acquisition module is used for acquiring each geological horizon of the structure+horizon velocity model corresponding to the field actually measured shot point;
the geological horizon calibration module is used for automatically calibrating each geological horizon of the structure+layer speed model corresponding to the field actual measurement shot point at the wellhead channel position of the simulated earthquake single shot record according to the horizon corresponding relation between each geological horizon of the structure+layer speed model corresponding to the field actual measurement shot point and each reflecting layer of the simulated earthquake single shot record and the travel time of each reflecting layer, so as to obtain the simulated earthquake single shot record with the horizon;
and the horizon projection module is used for projecting the horizons of the simulated single-shot record on the actual single-shot record according to the high similarity of the simulated single-shot record with the horizons and the actual single-shot record time interval curve, so as to obtain the actual single-shot record with the horizons, wherein the high similarity comprises travel time and reflection characteristics, and the reflection characteristics comprise frequency, phase, amplitude and time difference.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the first model building module includes:
the data acquisition module is used for acquiring seismic data, geological data, drilling data and logging data in or adjacent to a work area;
the construction model determining module is used for establishing a time domain construction model according to the seismic data, the geological data, the drilling data and the logging data;
the time-depth conversion module is used for picking up a time domain layer speed body along the layer according to the time domain construction model, and obtaining a depth domain construction model through time-depth conversion;
and the speed body filling module is used for filling the time domain layer speed body into the depth domain construction model to obtain a construction+layer speed model.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the second model determining module includes:
the coordinate acquisition module is used for acquiring the landform line coordinates of the field actually-measured shot points;
and the coordinate correction module is used for correcting the topographic line coordinate of the construction+layer speed model according to the topographic line coordinate of the field actual measurement shot point to obtain the construction+layer speed model corresponding to the topographic line of the field actual measurement shot point.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the first record determining module includes:
the physical model determining module is used for obtaining an underground geophysical model according to the structure +layer speed model corresponding to the field actually measured shot point;
and the model forward modeling module is used for simulating propagation in the stratum by utilizing a wave equation and obtaining a simulated earthquake single shot record according to the forward modeling of the underground geophysical model.
The method and the system have the advantages that the actual single shot record horizon is calibrated based on the simulated earthquake single shot record, an interpreter standing on site is not required to calibrate geological horizons one by one on the single shot record, the simulated earthquake single shot record horizon is utilized to directly project and calibrate the actual single shot record geological horizons, the method and the system have the characteristics of simple analysis steps, high calculation efficiency and good application effect, meanwhile, the actual single shot record and the simulated earthquake single shot record reflection time and wave group characteristics have good corresponding relation, the actual single shot record horizon calibration is accurate and reliable, a target layer can be positioned quickly, the reflection characteristics and energy are analyzed to perform quality monitoring, a large amount of manpower and time are saved, efficient completion of geological task acquisition and processing is guaranteed, and the quality control efficiency and the quality control effect of earthquake data are improved.
The foregoing and other objects, features and advantages of the invention will be apparent from the following more particular description of preferred embodiments, as illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the invention, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a system for calibrating an actual single shot recording horizon based on simulated seismic single shot recording according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a first model building module in a system for calibrating an actual single shot record horizon based on simulated seismic single shot records according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a second model determination module in a system for calibrating an actual single shot recording horizon based on simulated seismic single shot recording according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a first record determining module in a system for calibrating an actual single shot record horizon based on simulated seismic single shot records according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a second record determining module in a system for calibrating an actual single shot record horizon based on simulated seismic single shot records according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a flowchart of a method for calibrating an actual single shot record horizon based on simulated seismic single shot records according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a specific flowchart of step S101 in fig. 6;
fig. 8 is a specific flowchart of step S102 in fig. 6;
fig. 9 is a specific flowchart of step S103 in fig. 9;
fig. 10 is a specific flowchart of step S104 in fig. 9;
FIG. 11 is a schematic flow chart of a method for calibrating an actual single shot recording of a simulated seismic simulated single shot recording in a specific embodiment provided by the invention;
FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of a process for establishing complex constructions+layer speeds in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIGS. 13 (a) to 13 (d) are schematic diagrams of simulated seismic single shot recordings obtained by simulating seismic wave propagation;
FIG. 14 is a graph showing simulated seismic single shot record calibration actual single shot record horizon effects in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
One skilled in the art will appreciate that embodiments of the present invention may be implemented as a system, apparatus, method, or computer program product. Accordingly, the present disclosure may be embodied in the following forms, namely: complete hardware, complete software (including firmware, resident software, micro-code, etc.), or a combination of hardware and software.
The principles and spirit of the present invention are explained in detail below with reference to several representative embodiments thereof.
In land seismic exploration, a geological horizon is usually calibrated on a seismic single shot record by adopting a manual calibration method to judge whether the quality of a target layer for collecting data can finish geological tasks, but the work needs to compile a T0 diagram when the target layer is buried, so that a great deal of manpower and time are consumed, and a strong seismic data interpretation basis and experience are needed. Because most field processing personnel, geophysical prospecting supervision and technicians in the field data acquisition link have little contact with the interpretation work of seismic data, the reflection characteristics of a target layer are not familiar or known enough, and therefore, the geological reflection layer is very difficult to determine on a single shot record. The manual calibration method is low in efficiency, can not monitor the recording quality of the single cannon rapidly in real time, and has certain hysteresis.
The inventors of the present invention have found that it is feasible to calibrate the actual single shot recording horizon in the field using known simulated single shot recording horizons because of the high similarity of the simulated single shot recording to the actual single shot recording time-distance curve, including travel time, reflection characteristics (frequency, phase, amplitude, time difference, etc.). Specifically, the invention provides a scheme for calibrating an actual single shot recording layer position by simulating an earthquake single shot recording, which utilizes the high similarity between the simulated single shot recording and an actual single shot recording time-distance curve to rapidly and accurately calibrate a field actual single shot recording layer position by simulating the single shot recording layer position, thereby achieving the purposes of analyzing the reflection characteristics and the energy of a target layer in real time, monitoring the single shot recording quality, saving the manpower and the time and ensuring the efficient completion of the acquisition and processing tasks.
Specifically, fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a system for calibrating an actual single shot recording horizon based on a simulated seismic single shot recording, referring to fig. 1, the system for calibrating an actual single shot recording horizon based on a simulated seismic single shot recording includes:
a first model building module 100 for building a build + layer velocity model. Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a first model building module 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention, referring to fig. 2, the first model building module 100 includes:
a data acquisition module 110 for acquiring seismic data, geological data, drilling data, and logging data within or adjacent to a work area;
a structural model determination module 120 for establishing a time domain structural model based on the seismic data, geological data, drilling data, and logging data;
the time-depth conversion module 130 is configured to pick up a time domain layer velocity body along a layer according to the time domain construction model, and obtain a depth domain construction model through time-depth conversion;
and the velocity body filling module 140 is configured to fill the time domain layer velocity body into the depth domain construction model to obtain a construction+layer velocity model.
That is, in one embodiment of the present invention, using the seismic, geological, drilling and logging data within or adjacent to the work area, an interpreter builds a time domain structure model, a processor picks up a time domain layer velocity volume along the layer, a depth domain structure model is obtained by time-depth conversion, and the time domain layer velocity is filled into the depth domain structure model to obtain a structure+layer velocity model (as shown in fig. 12).
Referring to fig. 1, the system for calibrating the actual single shot recording horizon based on the simulated seismic single shot recording further includes:
and the second model determining module 200 is configured to determine a structure+layer velocity model corresponding to the field actually measured shot point according to the structure+layer velocity model.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a second model determining module 200 in a system for calibrating an actual single shot recording horizon based on simulated seismic single shot recording according to an embodiment of the present invention, referring to fig. 3, the second model determining module 200 includes:
the coordinate acquisition module 210 is used for acquiring the landform line coordinates of the field actually measured shot points;
and the coordinate correction module 220 is configured to correct the topographic line coordinate of the structure+layer speed model according to the topographic line coordinate of the field actually measured shot point, so as to obtain the structure+layer speed model corresponding to the topographic line of the field actually measured shot point.
Referring to fig. 1, the system for calibrating the actual single shot recording horizon based on the simulated seismic single shot recording further includes:
the first record determining module 300 is configured to determine a simulated seismic single shot record according to the structure+layer velocity model corresponding to the field actually measured shot point.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a first record determining module 300 in the present invention, please refer to fig. 4, wherein the first record determining module 300 includes:
the physical model determining module 310 is configured to obtain a subsurface geophysical model according to a structure+layer velocity model corresponding to the field actually measured shot point;
the model forward model 320 is configured to simulate propagation in the stratum by using the wave equation, and obtain a simulated seismic monopulse record according to the forward model of the subsurface geophysical model.
In one embodiment of the present invention, according to the formation+layer velocity model, a subsurface geophysical model can be obtained, propagation (incidence and reflection) in the stratum can be simulated by using a wave equation, and model forward modeling can quickly obtain simulated seismic monopulse records (as shown in fig. 13 (a) to 13 (d)) which approximate reality.
Referring to fig. 1, the system for calibrating the actual single shot recording horizon based on the simulated seismic single shot recording further includes:
and the second record determining module 400 is used for obtaining the actual single shot record with the horizon according to the structure + layer speed model corresponding to the field actual measurement shot point and the simulated earthquake single shot record.
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a second record determining module 400 in the present invention, please refer to fig. 5, wherein the second record determining module 400 includes:
a geological horizon acquisition module 410, configured to acquire each geological horizon of the structure+horizon velocity model corresponding to the field actually measured shot point;
the geological horizon calibration module 420 is configured to automatically calibrate each geological horizon of the structure+layer velocity model corresponding to the field actually measured shot point at the wellhead channel position of the simulated earthquake single shot record according to the horizon correspondence between each geological horizon of the structure+layer velocity model corresponding to the field actually measured shot point and each reflecting layer of the simulated earthquake single shot record, and obtain a simulated earthquake single shot record with a horizon;
the horizon projection module 430 is configured to project the horizons of the simulated single shot record on the actual single shot record according to the high similarity between the simulated single shot record with the horizons and the time-distance curve of the actual single shot record, so as to obtain the actual single shot record with the horizons, where the high similarity includes travel time and reflection characteristics, and the reflection characteristics include frequency, phase, amplitude and time difference.
In one embodiment of the present invention, according to the simulated single-shot record of the simulated earthquake obtained by forward modeling of the structure+layer velocity model and the model, since each geological horizon on the structure+layer velocity model is known (as shown in fig. 14), corresponding to each horizon of the reflection layers of the simulated single-shot record of the simulated earthquake, the horizons on the structure+layer velocity model are automatically calibrated at the positions of the wellhead channels (very small points) of the simulated single-shot record of the simulated earthquake by calculation of travel time of each reflection layer, and the simulated single-shot record of the simulated earthquake with horizons is obtained (as shown in fig. 14). According to the high similarity between the simulated single-shot record with the horizon and the actual single-shot record time-distance curve, including travel time, reflection characteristics (frequency, phase, amplitude, time difference and the like), projecting the simulated single-shot record horizon on the actual single-shot record, thereby obtaining the actual single-shot record with the horizon (as shown in figure 14)
The system for calibrating the actual single shot record horizon based on the simulated earthquake single shot record provided by the invention does not need an experienced interpreter standing on site to calibrate geological horizons one by one on the single shot record, but directly projects and calibrates the actual single shot record geological horizon by utilizing the simulated earthquake single shot record horizon, has the characteristics of simple analysis steps, high calculation efficiency and good application effect, and simultaneously has good corresponding relation between the reflection time and the wave group characteristics of the actual single shot record and the simulated earthquake single shot record, and the calibration of the actual single shot record horizon is accurate and reliable. The method is an effective thought and method for monitoring the quality of the target layer of the original data in the field acquisition and processing links, can rapidly locate the target layer, analyze reflection characteristics and energy to monitor the quality, save a great deal of manpower and time, ensure the efficient completion of acquisition and processing geological tasks, and improve the quality control efficiency and effect of the seismic data.
Furthermore, although several unit modules of the system are mentioned in the above detailed description, such a division is not mandatory only. Indeed, the features and functions of two or more of the elements described above may be embodied in one element in accordance with embodiments of the present invention. Also, the features and functions of one unit described above may be further divided into a plurality of units to be embodied. The terms "module" and "unit" as used above may be software and/or hardware that implements the intended function. While the modules described in the following embodiments are preferably implemented in software, implementation in hardware, or a combination of software and hardware, is also possible and contemplated.
Having described a system for calibrating actual single shot recording horizons based on simulated seismic single shot recordings in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, a method of an exemplary embodiment of the present invention is described next with reference to the accompanying drawings. The implementation of the method can be referred to the implementation of the whole, and the repetition is not repeated.
In order to improve the field acquisition single shot record horizon calibration application effect, the invention provides a method for simulating and simulating the actual single shot record horizon of the single shot record calibration of an earthquake, and the horizon calibration is carried out according to the method, so that the accuracy of single shot record horizon calibration is greatly improved, and the calibration efficiency and the application coverage rate are improved. Fig. 6 is a schematic flow chart of a method for calibrating an actual single shot recording horizon based on a simulated seismic single shot recording, referring to fig. 6, the method for calibrating an actual single shot recording horizon based on a simulated seismic single shot recording includes:
s101: and building a construction+layer speed model. Fig. 7 is a flowchart of step S101 in an embodiment of the invention, please refer to fig. 7, which includes:
s201: acquiring seismic data, geological data, drilling data and logging data in or adjacent to a work area;
s202: establishing a time domain construction model according to the seismic data, the geological data, the drilling data and the logging data;
s203: picking up a time domain layer speed body along a layer according to the time domain construction model, and obtaining a depth domain construction model through time-depth conversion;
s204: and filling the time domain layer speed body into the depth domain construction model to obtain a construction+layer speed model.
That is, in one embodiment of the present invention, using the seismic, geological, drilling and logging data within or adjacent to the work area, an interpreter builds a time domain structure model, a processor picks up a time domain layer velocity volume along the layer, a depth domain structure model is obtained by time-depth conversion, and the time domain layer velocity is filled into the depth domain structure model to obtain a structure+layer velocity model (as shown in fig. 12).
Referring to fig. 6, the method for calibrating the actual single shot recording horizon based on the simulated seismic single shot recording further includes:
s102: and determining a construction+layer speed model corresponding to the field actually measured shot point according to the construction+layer speed model.
Fig. 8 is a flowchart of step S102 in a method for calibrating an actual single shot recording horizon based on simulated seismic single shot recording according to an embodiment of the present invention, please refer to fig. 8, wherein the step includes:
s301: acquiring the landform line coordinates of a field actually-measured shot point;
s302: correcting the topographic line coordinates of the construction+layer speed model according to the topographic line coordinates of the field actually measured shot point to obtain the construction+layer speed model corresponding to the topographic line of the field actually measured shot point.
Referring to fig. 6, the method for calibrating the actual single shot recording horizon based on the simulated seismic single shot recording further includes:
s103: and determining a simulated earthquake single shot record according to the structure+layer speed model corresponding to the field actually measured shot point.
Fig. 9 is a schematic flow chart of step S103 in the present invention, please refer to fig. 9, which includes:
s401: obtaining an underground geophysical model according to a construction+layer speed model corresponding to the field actually measured shot point;
s402: and simulating propagation in the stratum by utilizing a wave equation, and forward modeling according to the underground geophysical model to obtain a simulated earthquake single shot record.
In one embodiment of the present invention, according to the formation+layer velocity model, a subsurface geophysical model can be obtained, propagation (incidence and reflection) in the stratum can be simulated by using a wave equation, and model forward modeling can quickly obtain simulated seismic monopulse records (as shown in fig. 13 (a) to 13 (d)) which approximate reality.
Referring to fig. 6, the method for calibrating the actual single shot recording horizon based on the simulated seismic single shot recording further includes:
s104: and obtaining an actual single shot record with a horizon according to the structure + layer speed model corresponding to the field actually measured shot point and the simulated earthquake single shot record.
Fig. 10 is a flowchart of step S104 in the present invention, please refer to fig. 10, which includes:
s501: acquiring each geological horizon of a structure+horizon velocity model corresponding to the field actually measured shot point;
s502: according to the corresponding relation between each geological horizon of the structure+horizon speed model corresponding to the field actually measured shot point and each horizon of each reflecting layer of the simulated earthquake single shot record, automatically calibrating each geological horizon of the structure+horizon speed model corresponding to the field actually measured shot point at the wellhead track position of the simulated earthquake single shot record through the travel time of each reflecting layer, and obtaining the simulated earthquake single shot record with the horizon;
s503: and projecting the horizons of the simulated single shot record on the actual single shot record according to the high similarity of the simulated single shot record with the horizons and the actual single shot record time interval curve, so as to obtain the actual single shot record with the horizons, wherein the high similarity comprises travel time and reflection characteristics, and the reflection characteristics comprise frequency, phase, amplitude and time difference.
In one embodiment of the present invention, according to the simulated single-shot record of the simulated earthquake obtained by forward modeling of the structure+layer velocity model and the model, since each geological horizon on the structure+layer velocity model is known (as shown in fig. 14), corresponding to each horizon of the reflection layers of the simulated single-shot record of the simulated earthquake, the horizons on the structure+layer velocity model are automatically calibrated at the positions of the wellhead channels (very small points) of the simulated single-shot record of the simulated earthquake by calculation of travel time of each reflection layer, and the simulated single-shot record of the simulated earthquake with horizons is obtained (as shown in fig. 14). According to the high similarity between the simulated single-shot record with the horizon and the actual single-shot record time-distance curve, including travel time, reflection characteristics (frequency, phase, amplitude, time difference and the like), projecting the simulated single-shot record horizon on the actual single-shot record, thereby obtaining the actual single-shot record with the horizon (as shown in figure 14)
The method for calibrating the actual single shot record horizon based on the simulated earthquake single shot record provided by the invention does not need an experienced interpreter standing on site to calibrate geological horizons one by one on the single shot record, but directly projects and calibrates the actual single shot record geological horizon by utilizing the simulated earthquake single shot record horizon, has the characteristics of simple analysis steps, high calculation efficiency and good application effect, and simultaneously has good corresponding relation between the reflection time and the wave group characteristics of the actual single shot record and the simulated earthquake single shot record, and the calibration of the actual single shot record horizon is accurate and reliable. The method is an effective thought and method for monitoring the quality of the target layer of the original data in the field acquisition and processing links, can rapidly locate the target layer, analyze reflection characteristics and energy to monitor the quality, save a great deal of manpower and time, ensure the efficient completion of acquisition and processing geological tasks, and improve the quality control efficiency and effect of the seismic data.
It should be noted that although the operations of the method of the present invention are depicted in the drawings in a particular order, this does not require or imply that the operations must be performed in that particular order or that all of the illustrated operations be performed in order to achieve desirable results. Additionally or alternatively, certain steps may be omitted, multiple steps combined into one step to perform, and/or one step decomposed into multiple steps to perform.
The technical scheme of the invention is described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments. The invention provides a method for calibrating an actual single shot recording horizon by simulating and simulating the single shot recording of an earthquake, which greatly improves the accuracy of single shot recording horizon calibration and improves the calibration efficiency and the application coverage rate. The method is efficient, has strong production practicability and has wide application prospect. The method steps are illustrated in example 11 in this embodiment as shown in fig. 11, including:
(1) Using the data of earthquakes, geology, well drilling and logging in the working area or adjacent areas, an interpreter builds a time domain construction model, a processor picks up a time domain layer speed body along a layer, a depth domain construction model is obtained through time-depth conversion, and the time domain layer speed is filled into the depth domain construction model to obtain a construction+layer speed model (as shown in figure 12);
(2) Correcting the topographic line coordinates (x, y) of the construction+layer speed model according to the topographic line (x, y) coordinates of the field actually measured shot points to obtain a construction+layer speed model corresponding to the field topographic line;
(3) According to the construction+layer velocity model, an underground geophysical model can be obtained, propagation (incidence and reflection) in a stratum is simulated by utilizing a wave equation, and model forward modeling can quickly obtain simulated earthquake single shot records (shown in fig. 13 (a) to 13 (d)) which are close to reality;
(4) According to the simulated single-shot record of the simulated earthquake obtained by forward modeling of the structure+layer velocity model, as each geological horizon on the structure+layer velocity model is known (as shown in figure 14), the horizons of each reflecting layer of the simulated single-shot record of the earthquake correspond to each horizon of the simulated single-shot record of the earthquake, and the horizons on the structure+layer velocity model are automatically calibrated at the positions of the wellhead passages (extremely small points) of the simulated single-shot record of the simulated earthquake through calculation of travel time of each reflecting layer, so that the simulated single-shot record of the simulated earthquake with horizons is obtained (as shown in figure 14).
(5) According to the high similarity between the simulated single-shot record with the horizon and the actual single-shot record time-distance curve, including travel time, reflection characteristics (frequency, phase, amplitude, time difference and the like), the simulated single-shot record horizon is projected on the actual single-shot record, so that the actual single-shot record with the horizon is obtained (as shown in fig. 14).
In summary, the method, the system, the computer equipment and the computer readable storage medium for calibrating the actual single shot record horizon based on the simulated earthquake single shot record always provided by the invention do not need to calibrate geological horizons one by one on the single shot record by an experienced interpreter standing on site, but directly project and calibrate the actual single shot record geological horizon by utilizing the simulated earthquake single shot record horizon. The method is an effective thought and method for monitoring the quality of the target layer of the original data in the field acquisition and processing links, can rapidly locate the target layer, analyze reflection characteristics and energy to monitor the quality, save a great deal of manpower and time, ensure the efficient completion of acquisition and processing geological tasks, and improve the quality control efficiency and effect of the seismic data.
Although the present application has been described by way of example, those of ordinary skill in the art will recognize that there are many variations and modifications of the present application without departing from the spirit of the present application, and it is intended that the appended claims encompass such variations and modifications without departing from the spirit of the present application.
Claims (8)
1. A method for calibrating an actual single shot recording horizon based on simulated seismic single shot recording, the method comprising:
building a structure+layer speed model;
determining a construction+layer speed model corresponding to the field actually measured shot point according to the construction+layer speed model;
determining a simulated earthquake single shot record according to a structure+layer speed model corresponding to the field actually measured shot point;
obtaining an actual single shot record with a horizon according to a structure+layer speed model corresponding to the field actually measured shot point and a simulated earthquake single shot record;
the method for obtaining the actual single shot record with the horizon according to the structure corresponding to the field actually measured shot point, the layer speed model and the simulated earthquake single shot record comprises the following steps:
acquiring each geological horizon of a structure+horizon velocity model corresponding to the field actually measured shot point;
according to the corresponding relation between each geological horizon of the structure+horizon speed model corresponding to the field actually measured shot point and each horizon of each reflecting layer of the simulated earthquake single shot record, automatically calibrating each geological horizon of the structure+horizon speed model corresponding to the field actually measured shot point at the wellhead track position of the simulated earthquake single shot record through the travel time of each reflecting layer, and obtaining the simulated earthquake single shot record with the horizon;
and projecting the horizons of the simulated single shot record on the actual single shot record according to the high similarity of the simulated single shot record with the horizons and the actual single shot record time interval curve, so as to obtain the actual single shot record with the horizons, wherein the high similarity comprises travel time and reflection characteristics, and the reflection characteristics comprise frequency, phase, amplitude and time difference.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the building a build+layer velocity model comprises:
acquiring seismic data, geological data, drilling data and logging data in or adjacent to a work area;
establishing a time domain construction model according to the seismic data, the geological data, the drilling data and the logging data;
picking up a time domain layer speed body along a layer according to the time domain construction model, and obtaining a depth domain construction model through time-depth conversion;
and filling the time domain layer speed body into the depth domain construction model to obtain a construction+layer speed model.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein determining a formation + layer velocity model corresponding to a field measured shot from the formation + layer velocity model comprises:
acquiring the landform line coordinates of a field actually-measured shot point;
correcting the topographic line coordinates of the construction+layer speed model according to the topographic line coordinates of the field actually measured shot point to obtain the construction+layer speed model corresponding to the topographic line of the field actually measured shot point.
4. The method of claim 3, wherein determining a simulated seismic monopulse record from a formation+layer velocity model corresponding to the field measured shot comprises:
obtaining an underground geophysical model according to a construction+layer speed model corresponding to the field actually measured shot point;
and simulating propagation in the stratum by utilizing a wave equation, and forward modeling according to the underground geophysical model to obtain a simulated earthquake single shot record.
5. A system for calibrating an actual single shot recording horizon based on simulated seismic single shot recordings, the system comprising:
the first model building module is used for building a construction+layer speed model;
the second model determining module is used for determining a construction+layer speed model corresponding to the field actually measured shot point according to the construction+layer speed model;
the first record determining module is used for determining a simulated earthquake single shot record according to a structure+layer speed model corresponding to the field actual measurement shot point;
the second record determining module is used for obtaining an actual single shot record with a horizon according to a structure+layer speed model corresponding to the field actual measurement shot point and a simulated earthquake single shot record;
wherein the second record determining module includes:
the geological horizon acquisition module is used for acquiring each geological horizon of the structure+horizon velocity model corresponding to the field actually measured shot point;
the geological horizon calibration module is used for automatically calibrating each geological horizon of the structure+layer speed model corresponding to the field actual measurement shot point at the wellhead channel position of the simulated earthquake single shot record according to the horizon corresponding relation between each geological horizon of the structure+layer speed model corresponding to the field actual measurement shot point and each reflecting layer of the simulated earthquake single shot record and the travel time of each reflecting layer, so as to obtain the simulated earthquake single shot record with the horizon;
and the horizon projection module is used for projecting the horizons of the simulated single-shot record on the actual single-shot record according to the high similarity of the simulated single-shot record with the horizons and the actual single-shot record time interval curve, so as to obtain the actual single-shot record with the horizons, wherein the high similarity comprises travel time and reflection characteristics, and the reflection characteristics comprise frequency, phase, amplitude and time difference.
6. The system of claim 5, wherein the first model building module comprises:
the data acquisition module is used for acquiring seismic data, geological data, drilling data and logging data in or adjacent to a work area;
the construction model determining module is used for establishing a time domain construction model according to the seismic data, the geological data, the drilling data and the logging data;
the time-depth conversion module is used for picking up a time domain layer speed body along the layer according to the time domain construction model, and obtaining a depth domain construction model through time-depth conversion;
and the speed body filling module is used for filling the time domain layer speed body into the depth domain construction model to obtain a construction+layer speed model.
7. The system of claim 6, wherein the second model determination module comprises:
the coordinate acquisition module is used for acquiring the landform line coordinates of the field actually-measured shot points;
and the coordinate correction module is used for correcting the topographic line coordinate of the construction+layer speed model according to the topographic line coordinate of the field actual measurement shot point to obtain the construction+layer speed model corresponding to the topographic line of the field actual measurement shot point.
8. The system of claim 7, wherein the first record determination module comprises:
the physical model determining module is used for obtaining an underground geophysical model according to the structure +layer speed model corresponding to the field actually measured shot point;
and the model forward modeling module is used for simulating propagation in the stratum by utilizing a wave equation and obtaining a simulated earthquake single shot record according to the forward modeling of the underground geophysical model.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911041642.5A CN112748460B (en) | 2019-10-30 | 2019-10-30 | Method and system for calibrating actual single shot record horizon based on simulated earthquake single shot record |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911041642.5A CN112748460B (en) | 2019-10-30 | 2019-10-30 | Method and system for calibrating actual single shot record horizon based on simulated earthquake single shot record |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN112748460A CN112748460A (en) | 2021-05-04 |
| CN112748460B true CN112748460B (en) | 2024-03-01 |
Family
ID=75640362
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911041642.5A Active CN112748460B (en) | 2019-10-30 | 2019-10-30 | Method and system for calibrating actual single shot record horizon based on simulated earthquake single shot record |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN112748460B (en) |
Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4953142A (en) * | 1989-01-06 | 1990-08-28 | Marathon Oil Company | Model-based depth processing of seismic data |
| US5648937A (en) * | 1995-01-18 | 1997-07-15 | Atlantic Richfield Company | Method and apparatus for correlating geological structure horizons from velocity data to well observations |
| CN102053271A (en) * | 2010-11-17 | 2011-05-11 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Earthquake collection quality analysis method and device |
| CN104570116A (en) * | 2013-10-29 | 2015-04-29 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Geological marker bed-based time difference analyzing and correcting method |
| CN104656142A (en) * | 2013-11-19 | 2015-05-27 | 中国石油天然气集团公司 | Seismic horizon calibration method utilizing vertical seismic profiling (VSP) and well-logging combination |
| CN106646592A (en) * | 2015-10-29 | 2017-05-10 | 中石化石油工程地球物理有限公司胜利分公司 | Single shot record real-time stacking method |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US10634804B2 (en) * | 2015-12-21 | 2020-04-28 | Chevron U.S.A. Inc. | System and method for dip-guided seismic image stacking |
-
2019
- 2019-10-30 CN CN201911041642.5A patent/CN112748460B/en active Active
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4953142A (en) * | 1989-01-06 | 1990-08-28 | Marathon Oil Company | Model-based depth processing of seismic data |
| US5648937A (en) * | 1995-01-18 | 1997-07-15 | Atlantic Richfield Company | Method and apparatus for correlating geological structure horizons from velocity data to well observations |
| CN102053271A (en) * | 2010-11-17 | 2011-05-11 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Earthquake collection quality analysis method and device |
| CN104570116A (en) * | 2013-10-29 | 2015-04-29 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Geological marker bed-based time difference analyzing and correcting method |
| CN104656142A (en) * | 2013-11-19 | 2015-05-27 | 中国石油天然气集团公司 | Seismic horizon calibration method utilizing vertical seismic profiling (VSP) and well-logging combination |
| CN106646592A (en) * | 2015-10-29 | 2017-05-10 | 中石化石油工程地球物理有限公司胜利分公司 | Single shot record real-time stacking method |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 浅层小尺度隐伏断层地表勘探的正演模拟及应用;林承灏 等;防灾科技学院学报;18(3);全文 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN112748460A (en) | 2021-05-04 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| EP2846175B1 (en) | Seismic survey analysis | |
| US8902707B2 (en) | Analysis of uncertainty of hypocenter location using the combination of a VSP and a subsurface array | |
| US4953142A (en) | Model-based depth processing of seismic data | |
| CA2818790C (en) | Seismic trace attribute | |
| BR102015029435A2 (en) | process and computer system for seismic node position determination | |
| WO2017035104A1 (en) | Velocity model seismic static correction | |
| CN104280775A (en) | Microseism monitoring and positioning method based on full-waveform vector offset superposition | |
| Pevzner et al. | Active surface and borehole seismic monitoring of a small supercritical CO2 injection into the subsurface: experience from the CO2CRC Otway Project | |
| CN105093297A (en) | Quality control method for minor tremor positioning precision | |
| CN103364823B (en) | Vibroseis real-time positioning and the system of analysis | |
| CN105093314A (en) | Method for measuring and determining micro-seismic focus | |
| CN102798888B (en) | Method for calculating velocity ratio of longitudinal wave to transverse wave by using non-zero wellhead distance data | |
| CN104597496B (en) | A kind of three dimensions method for homing of 2-d seismic data medium velocity | |
| GB2450163A (en) | Detecting the location of seismic events without picking events in received seismic wave data | |
| US20220221604A1 (en) | Method of analysing seismic data | |
| CN112748460B (en) | Method and system for calibrating actual single shot record horizon based on simulated earthquake single shot record | |
| CN114820969B (en) | Three-dimensional geological model construction method | |
| Aziz et al. | The study of OpenDtect seismic data interpretation and visualization package in relation to seismic interpretation and visualization models | |
| CN111965705B (en) | Method, device, equipment and medium for calibrating geological horizon recorded by earthquake single shot | |
| CN110967751B (en) | Positioning method of micro-seismic event based on ground shallow well monitoring and storage medium | |
| CN110780345A (en) | Three-dimensional velocity analysis method for tunnel advanced seismic exploration seismic data | |
| Liu et al. | Research and application of microseismic nonlinear optimal positioning methods | |
| Dando et al. | Enhancing CO2 monitoring at the Decatur CCS site through improved microseismic location constraints | |
| CN112748461B (en) | Method and device for calibrating single shot recording horizon | |
| McDonald et al. | Intelligent Monitoring Systems and Advanced Well Integrity and Mitigation |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |