CN112748047B - High-temperature high-pressure drilling fluid viscosity measuring device and measuring method thereof - Google Patents
High-temperature high-pressure drilling fluid viscosity measuring device and measuring method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of viscosity measurement and discloses a drilling fluid viscosity measurement device and a measurement method thereof under high temperature and high pressure, wherein the device comprises a machine case, a communication antenna, a display screen, a key and an alarm which are arranged above the machine case, wherein the key and the alarm are positioned on one side of the display screen; a high-pressure closed container is arranged right below the case, the high-pressure closed container comprises a liquid containing cylinder and a top cover, the bottom surface of the top cover is connected with a torsion spring, the outer part of the torsion spring is sleeved with a special-shaped NS pole pair, the lower end of the torsion spring is connected with an inner measuring cylinder through a connecting shaft, and the bottom surface of the liquid containing cylinder is provided with a concave rotating frame; a driving base is arranged below the high-pressure closed container. The invention has good reliability and repeatability, and can measure the viscosity of drilling fluid at high temperature and high pressure.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a device and a method for measuring viscosity of drilling fluid at high temperature and high pressure, and belongs to the technical field of viscosity measurement.
Background
The drilling fluid is a general term for various circulating fluids which meet the drilling work requirement by multiple functions in the drilling process. The drilling fluid is drilling blood, also called drilling flushing fluid, and can be divided into clear water, slurry, clay-free flushing fluid, emulsion, foam, compressed air and the like according to the composition. In the drilling process, the viscosity of the drilling fluid is a very important performance index, and the temperature and pressure of the surrounding environment of the drilling fluid in the drilling process are greatly changed, the general temperature change range is from normal temperature to 260 ℃, and the general pressure change range is from normal pressure to over 200Mpa, so that the viscosity parameter of the configured drilling fluid in the high-temperature and high-pressure state is necessary to be measured before the drilling operation. However, the existing rotary viscosity measuring meter needs human eyes to observe the rotation angle of the dial, needs to open a transparent window on the liquid containing cylinder for observation, and is obviously not suitable for high-pressure conditions; the measurement function is to measure and detect by electronic components, but the electronic components are generally not high temperature resistant, so a device capable of testing the viscosity of drilling fluid under high temperature and high pressure environment needs to be designed.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects existing in the prior art, the invention provides a device and a method for measuring the viscosity of drilling fluid at high temperature and high pressure.
The invention relates to a viscosity measuring device for drilling fluid at high temperature and high pressure, which comprises: chassis, high-pressure containment and drive base, wherein:
the chassis is arranged on the fixed supporting frame, a communication antenna, a display, keys and an alarm which are positioned on one side of the display are arranged above the chassis, and the chassis comprises the following working modules:
and the control module is used for: the device comprises a controller and a memory, wherein the controller and the memory are used for controlling and realizing the measurement of the viscosity of drilling fluid under different pressures, different temperatures and different rotating speeds;
and the angle monitoring module is used for: the device comprises an angle resolving processor and a magnetic resistance sensor signal amplifier, wherein the angle resolving processor and the magnetic resistance sensor signal amplifier are used for monitoring the rotation angle of a magnetic field so as to calculate a viscosity liquid measured value, two magnetic resistance Wheatstone bridges forming an included angle of 45 degrees are arranged in the magnetic resistance sensor, and the output angle range of the magnetic resistance sensor is +/-90 degrees;
temperature and pressure monitoring module: the temperature and the pressure inside the high-pressure closed container are monitored in real time through data transmitted by the temperature sensor and the pressure sensor and an abnormality detection algorithm;
and a remote control module: the controller is used for carrying out information interaction with the remote control terminal through the antenna, receiving the instruction of the remote control terminal and transmitting measurement data to the remote control terminal;
and a motor driving module: the driving motor is enabled to work, and the required rotating speed is provided for the device;
and a power supply module: the device comprises a power supply for providing the electric energy required by the normal operation of the device;
the high-pressure closed container is placed under the chassis and comprises a liquid containing cylinder and a top cover, a torsion spring is connected in the middle of the bottom surface of the top cover, a special-shaped NS pole pair is sleeved and fixed outside the torsion spring, the lower end of the torsion spring is fixedly connected with a connecting shaft, the lower end of the connecting shaft is connected with an inner measuring cylinder, the special-shaped NS pole pair is closely arranged with the top cover and is not contacted with the top cover and the inner measuring cylinder, a concave rotating frame is arranged at the bottom of the liquid containing cylinder and is positioned at the outer side of the inner measuring cylinder, and a temperature sensor and a pressure sensor are also arranged inside the high-pressure closed container; the special-shaped NS pole pair is closely arranged with the top cover, so that the external magnetic field intensity of the high-pressure closed container is high, and the measurement is more accurate.
The driving base is a cylindrical concave table and is placed below the high-pressure closed container, a driving motor and a groove structure are arranged in the driving base, the driving motor is electrically connected with the groove structure, and the groove structure is magnetically connected with the concave rotating frame.
Preferably, the magneto-resistive sensor is located directly above the NS pole pair. The magnetic field generated by the NS pole is high in distribution, high in magnetic density and less in magnetic loss, and the magnetic saturation requirement of the magnetic resistance sensor is easily met.
Preferably, the diameter of the inner measuring cylinder is smaller than that of the high-pressure closed container, and the centers of the inner measuring cylinder and the high-pressure closed container are positioned on the same vertical central line.
Preferably, the special-shaped NS pole pair is made of rare earth permanent magnet material samarium cobalt. The samarium cobalt material is high-temperature resistant, and can generate stronger magnetic field strength at a longer distance to meet the magnetic saturation requirement of the magnetoresistive sensor.
The measuring method of the drilling fluid viscosity measuring device under high temperature and high pressure comprises the following two scenes:
scene one: the temperature, pressure and rotation speed constant value measurement comprises the following steps:
s1: parameter setting: the temperature, pressure and rotating speed are set by a measurer through remote input or key input;
s2: measuring and calculating a viscosity value: the controller controls the heating and pressurizing of the high-pressure closed container, after the temperature and pressure values reach set values, the base is driven to magnetically drive the concave rotating frame to run at set rotating speeds, the controller collects the instantaneous angle and the steady-state angle provided by the angle monitoring module, converts the angle into a viscosity value through an algorithm to be displayed on a display screen, and simultaneously displays the current temperature and pressure, different rotating speeds can be manually switched in the measuring process, and the maximum value of viscosity change is automatically collected in the switching process;
scene II: the temperature, pressure and rotation speed single variable value measurement comprises the following three conditions:
case one: the rotation speed and the pressure are fixed, and the measurement of the viscosity along with the temperature change characteristic comprises the following steps:
s1: parameter setting: a measuring person sets a fixed rotating speed value, a fixed pressure value and a fixed temperature change range through remote input or key input;
s2: measuring and calculating a viscosity value: the controller controls the high-pressure closed container to apply different temperatures, the base is driven to magnetically drive the concave rotating frame to run at a set rotating speed, the controller collects an instantaneous angle and a steady-state angle provided by the angle monitoring module in the temperature change process, converts the angle into a viscosity value through an algorithm to be displayed on a display screen, simultaneously displays the current fixed rotating speed and pressure value, and after the temperature runs from an initial set value to a final set value, the viscosity-temperature curve is measured, and whether the curve is stored is selected;
and a second case: the rotation speed and the temperature are fixed, and the measurement of the viscosity along with the pressure change characteristic comprises the following steps:
s1: parameter setting: the measuring staff sets a fixed rotating speed value, a fixed temperature value and a fixed pressure change range through remote input or key input;
s2: measuring and calculating a viscosity value: the controller controls the high-pressure closed container to apply different pressures, the base is driven to magnetically drive the concave rotating frame to run at a set rotating speed, the controller collects an instantaneous angle and a steady-state angle provided by the angle monitoring module in the pressure change process, converts the angle into a viscosity value through an algorithm to be displayed on a display screen, simultaneously displays the current fixed rotating speed and the current fixed temperature value, and after the pressure runs from an initial set value to a final set value, the viscosity-pressure curve is measured, and whether the curve is stored is selected;
and a third case: the temperature and pressure are fixed, and the measurement of the characteristic of the viscosity variation along with the rotation speed comprises the following steps:
s1: parameter setting: setting a rotation speed starting value, a rotation speed ending value, a downshift rotation speed value, a holding time of each rotation speed gear and a sampling time of a viscosity value in each rotation speed gear by a measurer through remote input or key input;
s2: measuring and calculating a viscosity value: the controller controls to apply specific pressure and temperature to the high-pressure closed container, the base is driven to magnetically drive the concave rotating frame to rotate, the controller controls automatic down shift measurement, rotation speed conversion is completed in the down shift measurement process, the controller collects the instantaneous angle and the steady-state angle provided by the angle monitoring module in the rotation speed change process, the angle is converted into a viscosity value through an algorithm to be displayed on a display screen, meanwhile, the current temperature, the current pressure and the current rotation speed are displayed, and after the rotation speed is operated from an initial set value to a final set value, the viscosity-rotation speed curve is measured, and whether the curve is stored is selected.
Preferably, after the measurement process is finished, the system can automatically reduce the pressure and the temperature, the controller always collects the values of the pressure and the temperature until the pressure and the temperature reach normal pressure and normal temperature, and finally the operation is stopped.
Preferably, the temperature and pressure abnormality detection algorithm detects the device in the first scene and the second scene, and the device gives an alarm when abnormality occurs.
Preferably, the controller adopts the sampling time interval of the instantaneous angle provided by the angle monitoring module to be 10 milliseconds.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) The non-contact measurement has no torque loss, and the detection of the viscosity value of the drilling fluid in a high-temperature and high-pressure state can be realized in a relatively small space;
(2) The cost is low, the reliability and the repeatability are good, and once the special-shaped NS pole pair is fixed, the magnetic field direction is also fixed, so that the problem of repeated accumulated errors can not occur.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a drilling fluid viscosity measurement apparatus at high temperature and high pressure.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a shaped NS pole pair.
Fig. 3 is an operational state diagram of the drilling fluid viscosity measuring apparatus.
Fig. 4 is a connection block diagram of the present invention.
In the figure: 1. a chassis; 11. a communication antenna; 12. a display screen; 13. a key; 14. an alarm; 15. a magnetoresistive sensor; 2. fixing the supporting frame; 3. a high-pressure sealed container; 31. a top cover; 32. a liquid containing cylinder; 4. a driving base; 41. a driving motor; 42. a groove structure; 5. a special-shaped NS pole pair; 6. a torsion spring; 7. a connecting shaft; 8. an inner measuring cylinder; 9. a concave rotating frame.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Example 1:
as shown in fig. 1 to 3, the viscosity measuring device for drilling fluid under high temperature and high pressure according to the present invention comprises a chassis 1, a high pressure closed container 3 and a driving base 4, wherein the chassis 1 is fixedly mounted on a fixed support frame 2, the fixed support frame 2 comprises a base, a vertically placed lifting rod, and a horizontally placed fixing rod connected with the lifting rod, and the chassis 1 is mounted on the fixing rod of the fixed support frame 2; the high-pressure closed container 3 is placed right below the case 1, the high-pressure closed container 3 comprises a liquid containing cylinder 32 and a top cover 31, when the top cover 31 is screwed on the liquid containing cylinder 32, the high-pressure closed container 3 is in a closed state, the middle part of the bottom surface of the top cover 31 is fixedly connected with a torsion spring 6, a middle part which is designed and processed by self is sleeved and fixed outside the torsion spring 6, a through hole is arranged at the middle part, the size is small, the high temperature resistance is realized, a special-shaped NS pole pair 5 which is formed by magnetizing a strong magnetic material is realized, the length of the torsion spring 6 is longer than that of the special-shaped NS pole pair 5, the special-shaped NS pole pair 5 is closely arranged on the top cover 31 and is not contacted with the top cover 31, the magnetic field intensity generated by the special-shaped NS pole pair 5 is larger, the magnetic field can pass through the liquid containing cylinder 32, the lower end of the torsion spring 6 is connected with a connecting shaft 7, the lower end of the connecting shaft 7 is fixedly connected with an inner measuring cylinder 8, and the top end of the inner measuring cylinder 8 is not contacted with the special-shaped NS pole pair 5; the center of the bottom of the liquid containing cylinder 32 is provided with a concave rotating frame 9 through a fixed shaft, the inner measuring cylinder 8 is positioned inside the concave rotating frame 9, the two sides of the bottom of the concave rotating frame 9 are respectively provided with N, S magnets, the high-pressure closed container 3 is also internally provided with a pressure sensor and a temperature sensor for measuring the internal pressure and temperature of the high-pressure closed container 3, and a lifting rod can conveniently adjust the chassis 1 to a proper height so as to conveniently measure the magnetic field in the liquid containing cylinder 32.
The driving base 4 is placed above the base and below the high-pressure closed container 3, the driving base 4 is a cylindrical concave table, the high-pressure closed container 3 is placed on the cylindrical concave table when the device works, a driving motor 41 and a groove structure 42 are arranged inside the driving base 4, N, S magnets are respectively arranged at the tops of two ends of the groove structure 42, N pole at one end of the groove structure 42 corresponds to S pole at one side of the bottom of the concave rotating frame 9, S pole at the other end of the groove structure 42 corresponds to N pole at the other side of the bottom of the concave rotating frame 9, the driving motor 41 adopts a high-precision digital control stepping motor, and different pulses are generated in a PWM mode to control the rotating speed of the driving motor 41.
The special-shaped NS pole pair 5 is made of high-temperature-resistant rare earth permanent magnet material samarium cobalt, and can generate stronger magnetic field intensity at a longer distance, and the special-shaped NS pole pair 5 is specially designed in shape, so that the distribution of magnetic lines of force is higher, the magnetic density is high, the magnetic loss is less, and the actually measured magnetic field intensity at the position 25 mm away from the special-shaped NS pole pair 5 is more than 200 gauss.
A communication antenna 11, a display screen 12, a key 13 and an alarm 14 which are positioned on one side of the display screen 12 are arranged above the case 1, the communication antenna 11 is used for carrying out information interaction with a remote control terminal, and an operator can measure the viscosity of drilling fluid through the remote control terminal without being on site; a switch is arranged at the rear of the case 1.
The diameter of the inner measuring cylinder 8 is smaller than that of the liquid containing cylinder 32, the centers of the inner measuring cylinder 8 and the liquid containing cylinder 32 are positioned on the same vertical central line, so that the measured liquid is uniformly distributed in an annular space generated by the inner measuring cylinder 8 and the liquid containing cylinder 32, and the viscosity is uniform everywhere.
As shown in fig. 4, the inside of the cabinet 1 includes the following working modules:
and the control module is used for: the device comprises a controller and a memory, wherein the controller and the memory are used for controlling and realizing the measurement of the viscosity of drilling fluid under different pressures, different temperatures and different rotating speeds; the controller is an MCU controller, controls the whole device to normally operate, and has other intelligent full-automatic working processes and remote operation and monitoring functions.
And the angle monitoring module is used for: the device comprises an angle resolving processor, a magnetic resistance sensor 15 and a signal amplifier, wherein the angle resolving processor is used for detecting the rotation angle of a magnetic field emitted by a special-shaped NS pole pair 5 in a high-pressure closed container 3 so as to measure the viscosity value of drilling fluid to be measured in the high-pressure closed container 3; the magneto-resistance sensor 15 is located right above the special-shaped NS pole pair 5, so that the magnetic saturation requirement of the magneto-resistance sensor 15 can be met more easily, and the magneto-resistance sensor 15 can be guaranteed to reliably enter a saturated state. The rotation angle of the inner measuring cylinder 8 in the high-pressure sealed container 3 in the high-temperature and high-pressure environment is in a proportional relation with the viscosity of the drilling fluid to be measured, the high-temperature resistant rare earth permanent magnet special-shaped NS pole pair 5 in the high-pressure sealed container 3 and the inner measuring cylinder 8 synchronously rotate, and then the magnetic field generated by the special-shaped NS pole pair 5 (the magnetic field exists inside and outside the high-pressure sealed container 3, the magnetic field intensity in the container is weak, and the magnetic field outside the container is weak) also synchronously rotates with the inner measuring cylinder 8, so that the viscosity value of the drilling fluid to be measured in the high-pressure sealed container 3 can be measured by detecting the rotation angle of the magnetic field outside the liquid containing cylinder 32, a corresponding magnetic resistance sensor 15 circuit is designed aiming at the magnetic resistance sensor 15, and the magnetic saturation intensity is about 80 Gaussian, namely, as long as the magnetic field intensity of the position of the magnetic resistance sensor 15 is higher than 80 Gaussian, the magnetic saturation is achieved. Two magnetic resistance Wheatstone bridges which are 45 degrees with each other are arranged inside the designed magnetic resistance sensor 15, and when the magnetic field of the magnetic resistance sensor 15 in the magnetic saturation condition rotates, output voltages are generated in the two paths of the Wheatstone bridges of the sensor: va= -Vs S Sin (2θ) and vb= -Vs S cos (2θ), where Vs is the supply voltage of the bridge and S is a constant, typically 12mV/V. The magnetoresistive sensor 15 can output an angular range of 90 degrees. Thus, the rotation angle can be obtained by detecting the voltage, and the viscosity value of the drilling fluid can be obtained. In the case of a 5V supply voltage (vs=5v), the magnetoresistive sensor 15 will provide a swing of about 120mV (60 mV, -60mV corresponding to-90 degrees, +60mV corresponding to +90 degrees) at a bias voltage of 2.5V, an amplifying circuit with a 30-fold amplification factor is designed by using a signal amplifier to make the output voltage swing reach ±1.8v (-1.8v corresponding to-90 degrees, +1.8v corresponding to +90 degrees), and then the output voltage swing is collected by the a/D converter of the angle calculation processor and enters the angle calculation processor. If the a/D converter adopts a more common resolution of 12 bits, the bipolar input and the voltage reference adopts 2.5V, the measured precision is about 180 degrees/(4096×1.8/2.5) =0.061 degrees, the measured precision mainly depends on the resolution and precision of the a/D converter, and if the a/D converter with higher resolution and precision is adopted, the measured precision can be further improved. The angle calculating processor processes the acquired data to obtain the current instantaneous rotation angle, and the angle value is stored in the internal memory; the angle sampling rate is 1 millisecond, namely equivalent to 1000 times of angle data acquisition per second, and the real-time performance is high; the angle calculation processor may be connected to the controller via a communication interface and send the current viscosity value. The communication rate is 115200bps, the communication content is 10 bytes and comprises a viscosity value and a check value, the communication protocol adopts a protocol with data check, the check mode adopts CRC check, data transmission errors in communication are prevented, and the viscosity value can be sent to the controller 1000 times per second at maximum.
Temperature and pressure monitoring module: the pressure sensor and the temperature sensor are connected to the controller through the transmission, the controller can set pressure values and temperature values required by measurement, the pressure sensor and the temperature sensor are used for reading the current real-time pressure values and temperature values, an abnormality detection algorithm is provided, whether the temperature and pressure control system works normally or not can be judged in real time by analyzing the change quantity of the temperature and the pressure along with time, and whether abnormality exists or not is judged, so that whether an alarm is given or not, whether remote alarm is given or not, whether automatic pressure relief, temperature reduction or not is carried out or not is judged automatically, and the system is shut down or not according to judgment. The judging algorithm, the pressure abnormality judging method and the temperature abnormality judging method in the abnormality detecting algorithm are specifically as follows:
discrimination algorithm: the controller always collects and stores real-time temperature and pressure values in the heating, boosting or cooling and depressurization processes, and the time for fault reaction is very short when the pressure is abnormal, so that high-speed sampling is required, and the sampling time interval of the real-time pressure value is set to be 100 milliseconds; the fault reaction time is longer when the temperature is abnormal, so that the sampling time interval of the real-time temperature value is set to be 10 seconds;
the pressure abnormality judging method comprises the following steps: and carrying out digital differential operation on the pressure real-time sampling value according to the sampling time interval delta t, calculating the pressure value variation delta P of two adjacent sampling points in the process of rising, falling and maintaining the constant pressure, obtaining the slope of the pressure value variation of the two adjacent sampling points by using delta P/delta t, and calculating and judging whether the pressure value has mutation in the process of rising, falling and maintaining the constant pressure by analyzing the variation condition of the slope in the process of rising, falling and maintaining the pressure value. Judging whether the pressure value suddenly changes according to the pressure value rising and falling and the pressure value change slope in the process of keeping constant pressure; when the pressure system works normally, the highest change rate of the pressure value is set to be a judging threshold value which is generally more than 2 times of the maximum value of the pressure change in the sampling time interval under the normal condition, namely when the pressure system works normally, the pressure rises, falls and keeps constant pressure to have the highest change rate, more than 2 times of the highest change rate is definitely abnormal, and when the pressure system exceeds the threshold value, the pressure system is considered to be abnormal. Because the sampling time is relatively fast, abnormal conditions of signal transmission or signal transmission can exist, the system performs filtering treatment, adopts depolarization value smooth filtering, collects 9 points each time of sampling time, removes 2 maximum and minimum sampling values, and takes the rest 5 points as average budget, thereby improving the anti-interference capability of the sampling values. According to the judging method, whether the pressure system has abnormal conditions or not can be judged, and the normal abnormal conditions can be displayed, and the screen 12 alarm, the sound alarm, the remote APP alarm, the short message alarm or the telephone alarm can be displayed to wait for the processing of operators; if serious abnormal conditions occur, if the pressure value is suddenly changed more, the system can perform protective pressure relief to stop working so as to enable operators to detect and remove faults.
The temperature abnormality judging method comprises the following steps: and carrying out digital differential operation on the temperature real-time sampling value according to the sampling time interval delta T, calculating the temperature value variation delta T of two adjacent sampling points in the process of rising, falling and keeping constant temperature, obtaining the slope of the temperature value variation of the two adjacent sampling points by using delta T/delta T, and calculating and judging whether the temperature value has mutation in the process of rising, falling and keeping constant temperature by analyzing the variation condition of the slope in the process of rising, falling and keeping constant temperature. Judging whether the temperature value mutation occurs according to the temperature value rising and falling and the temperature value change slope in the process of keeping constant temperature; when the temperature system works normally, the maximum change rate of the temperature value is set to be a judging threshold value which is generally more than 2 times of the maximum value of the temperature change in the sampling time interval under the normal condition, namely when the temperature system works normally, the temperature value rises, falls and keeps constant temperature at the maximum change rate, and when the temperature value exceeds the maximum change rate by more than 2 times, the temperature system is considered to be abnormal. Because abnormal signal transmission or signal transmission conditions possibly exist, the system performs filtering treatment, adopts depolarization value smooth filtering, acquires 9 points at each sampling time, removes 2 maximum and minimum sampling values, takes the remaining 5 points as average budget, and improves the anti-interference capability of the sampling values. According to the judging method, whether the temperature system is abnormal or not can be judged, and as the characteristics of the temperature control system do not rise and fall very rapidly, sudden faults which cause personal injury do not occur, the temperature system is abnormal, and the temperature system is generally alarmed by a display screen 12, an audible alarm, a remote APP alarm, a short message alarm or a telephone alarm, and an operator is waited to process and remove the faults.
And a remote control module: information interaction is carried out with a remote control terminal through a communication antenna 11; the controller can be connected to a server of a remote terminal through a communication antenna 11 and a wireless communication module, and can complete data communication with an APP program running on the mobile phone through the server. The APP software of the mobile phone can set the working mode of the control system, can remotely and synchronously control the working mode of the system, remotely control the switching rotation speed and view the test result on the mobile phone in real time. The specific operation is as follows: the mobile phone APP software can remotely set parameters of a single parameter automatic test mode, an intelligent full-automatic working mode or a temperature and pressure prefabricatable cycle intelligent full-automatic working mode through a friendly program interface, can remotely set the parameters of the system to start working, automatically operates according to the set parameters, and sends key measurement data contents to the mobile phone APP end through a network and a server at key time nodes, so that a user can monitor the whole test process and test results without being on site. After the test is finished, the system also sends a command to the remote mobile phone APP to prompt the test to be finished, and sends the whole test result and the parameter curve to the mobile phone end, so that the user can test or close the system again.
The mobile phone APP software can monitor the values of the pressure and the temperature in the test process in real time; the system can also timely and rapidly send a short message to a mobile phone or prompt that parameters are abnormal through the APP when the temperature and the pressure are found abnormal, even directly call an operator and alarm through voice, and the operator can remotely control pressure relief and temperature reduction after receiving the alarm abnormality, so that safety accidents are prevented, and personal injury can not occur because people are not on site.
Because of the remote operation and monitoring function, a user can manually set parameters on site and also can set parameters by using a mobile phone APP, and then can leave the instrument to finish other works, through remote control and detection of measurement conditions and parameters, the situation that measurement personnel must keep beside the instrument and waste time to wait for measurement to finish is avoided, and meanwhile personal injury caused by safety accidents can be avoided, so that the remote operation and monitoring device has good safety, convenience and practicability.
And a motor driving module: the pulse with different flatness rates is generated by a PWM mode to control the rotating speed of the driving motor 41, so as to provide the system with the required rotating speed;
and a power supply module: and providing electric energy required by normal operation for the control module, the angle detection module, the temperature and pressure monitoring module, the remote control module and the motor driving module.
Example 2:
the measuring method of the drilling fluid viscosity measuring device under high temperature and high pressure comprises the following two scenes:
scene one: the temperature, pressure and rotation speed constant value measurement comprises the following steps:
s1: parameter setting: the measuring personnel inputs the set temperature, pressure and rotation speed through a remote input or key 13;
s2: measuring and calculating a viscosity value: the controller controls the heating and pressurizing of the high-pressure closed container 3, after the temperature and pressure values reach the set values, the groove structure 42 in the driving base 4 magnetically drives the concave rotating frame 9 to run at the set rotating speed, the controller collects the instantaneous angle provided by the angle monitoring module, converts the angle into a viscosity value through an algorithm to be displayed on the display screen 12, and simultaneously displays the current temperature and pressure, different rotating speeds can be manually switched in the measuring process, and the maximum value of viscosity change is automatically collected during the switching.
Scene II: the temperature, pressure and rotation speed single variable value measurement comprises the following three conditions:
case one: the rotation speed and the pressure are fixed, and the measurement of the viscosity along with the temperature change characteristic comprises the following steps:
s1: parameter setting: the measuring personnel inputs and sets fixed rotating speed value, pressure value and temperature change range through remote input or key 13;
s2: measuring and calculating a viscosity value: the controller controls to apply different temperatures to the high-pressure closed container 3, the groove structure 42 in the driving base 4 magnetically drives the concave rotating frame 9 to rotate, the controller collects the instantaneous angle provided by the angle monitoring module in the temperature change process, converts the angle into a viscosity value through an algorithm to be displayed on the display screen 12, simultaneously displays the current fixed rotating speed and pressure value, and when the temperature runs from an initial set value to a final set value, the viscosity-temperature curve is measured completely, and whether the curve is stored or the measurement is finished can be selected;
and a second case: the rotation speed and the temperature are fixed, and the measurement of the viscosity along with the pressure change characteristic comprises the following steps:
s1: parameter setting: the measuring personnel inputs and sets fixed rotating speed value, temperature value and pressure change range through remote input or key 13;
s2: measuring and calculating a viscosity value: the controller controls to apply different pressures to the high-pressure closed container 3, the groove structure 42 in the driving base 4 magnetically drives the concave rotating frame 9 to rotate, the controller collects the instantaneous angle provided by the angle monitoring module in the pressure change process, converts the angle into a viscosity value through an algorithm to be displayed on the display screen 12, simultaneously displays the current fixed rotating speed and the current fixed temperature value, and when the pressure runs from an initial set value to a final set value, the viscosity-pressure curve is measured completely, and whether the curve is stored or the measurement is finished can be selected;
and a third case: the temperature and pressure are fixed, and the measurement of the characteristic of the viscosity variation along with the rotation speed comprises the following steps:
s1: parameter setting: the measurer inputs a set rotation speed starting value, a rotation speed ending value, a downshift rotation speed value, the holding time of each rotation speed gear and the sampling time of the viscosity value in each rotation speed gear through a remote input or key 13;
s2: measuring and calculating a viscosity value: the groove structure 42 in the driving base 4 magnetically drives the concave rotating frame 9 to rotate, the controller controls automatic downshift measurement, rotation speed conversion is completed in the downshift measurement process, the controller collects instantaneous angles provided by the angle monitoring module in the rotation speed change process, the instantaneous angles are converted into viscosity values through an algorithm and displayed on the display screen 12, the current temperature, pressure and rotation speed are displayed, when the rotation speed runs from an initial set value to a final set value, the viscosity-rotation speed curve is measured, whether the curve is stored or whether the measurement is finished is selected.
After the test flow is finished, the system can automatically reduce the pressure and the temperature, the controller can always collect the values of the pressure and the temperature until the values reach the normal pressure and normal temperature, and finally, the operation is stopped.
The setting range of the rotational speed V is 1-600 rpm, the setting range of the downshift rotational speed value Deltav is 1-100 rpm, the setting range of the holding time t of each rotational speed gear is 1-3600 seconds, the setting range of the sampling time ts of the viscosity value in each rotational speed gear is 100-60 seconds, the setting range of the high-speed sampling time ths of the shear force value of each rotational speed switching point is 1-500 milliseconds,
for example: setting a starting rotation speed of 600 revolutions per minute, an ending rotation speed of 100 revolutions per minute, a downshift rotation speed value of Deltav=10 revolutions per minute, a retention time of each rotation speed gear t=60 seconds, a viscosity value sampling time of each rotation speed gear ts=1 second, and a rotation speed switching point high-speed sampling time ths=10 milliseconds.
The system automatically starts running from 600 revolutions per minute, collects viscosity values once every 1 second and stores the viscosity values in a memory, needs to switch the rotating speed to 590 revolutions per minute after collecting for 60 seconds, collects and stores the viscosity values according to a sampling period of 10 milliseconds in 500 milliseconds before and after switching the rotating speed, finishes high-speed sampling after switching to 500 milliseconds of 590 revolutions per minute, records and displays the maximum value of the viscosity values in the rotating speed switching process, then collects the viscosity values according to a sampling period of 1 second until the rotating speed is switched to 580 revolutions per minute after 60 seconds, and then circulates until the rotating speed is reduced to 100 revolutions per minute and the measurement is finished.
Example 3:
on the basis of the embodiment 2, the invention can also comprise a prefabricated temperature and pressure circulation intelligent full-automatic measuring method:
manual inputs or remote APP operations input any of several sets (e.g., 10 sets) of temperature and pressure combination conditions. Meanwhile, parameters such as a rotation speed starting value, a rotation speed ending value, a downshift rotation speed value, the retention time of each rotation speed gear, the viscosity value sampling time in each rotation speed gear, the shear force value high-speed sampling time of each rotation speed switching point and the like are set, and the system automatically executes a measurement method for measuring the change characteristics of viscosity along with the rotation speed by fixing the automatic operation temperature and pressure according to the set 10 groups of temperature and pressure values sequentially and circularly until the system is ended. The alarm prompts that the test is finished, 10 viscosity change curves can be displayed according to the temperature, the pressure, the time and the rotating speed gears, the maximum viscosity value is indicated to be switched at the rotating speed switching point of the 10 curves, 10 groups of measurement results can be stored in a graphical curve mode according to the measured temperature, the measured pressure and the measured time, and historical measurement results can be called out. After the test flow is finished, the device can automatically reduce the pressure and the temperature to normal pressure and normal temperature. The automatic pressure-reducing and temperature-reducing is realized by sending commands to the pressure controller and the temperature controller by the controller, and simultaneously the controller can always collect the values of the pressure and the temperature until the values reach the normal pressure and normal temperature, and finally stops working.
The use process of the invention is as follows: according to the high-temperature high-pressure drilling fluid viscosity measuring device and the measuring method thereof, measured fluid is poured into the high-pressure closed container 3, the top cover 31 and the fluid containing cylinder 32 are screwed to enable the high-pressure closed container 3 to be in a closed state, the high-pressure closed container 3 is placed below the case 1, the height of a lifting rod is adjusted, a controller can collect remote input or numerical values input by a key 13, parameters such as temperature, pressure and rotating speed are set, a system starts heating and pressurizing, a temperature sensor and a pressure sensor collect real-time temperature and pressure, after the temperature and pressure values reach set values, the motor 41 is driven to operate the set rotating speed to enable the groove structure 42 to rotate, the groove structure 42 magnetically drives the concave rotating frame 9 to rotate, the measured fluid drives the inner measuring cylinder 8 to rotate due to viscous force, the inner measuring cylinder 8 drives the torsion spring and the special-shaped NS pole pair 5 to rotate, the controller collects an instantaneous angle and a steady-state angle of a magnetic field provided by the angle detecting module through a wired communication interface, the controller can collect and convert the instantaneous angle and the steady-state angle into a viscosity value to be displayed on the display screen 12, and the current temperature and pressure are displayed at the same time, and the current temperature and pressure are set can be generally 500 milliseconds. The different rotational speeds can also be switched manually by setting the rotational speed key 13. The controller may automatically collect the maximum value of the viscosity change at the time of switching and display it on the display screen 12, which automatically increases the sampling time interval to 10 milliseconds to ensure rapid tracking of the rapidly changing viscosity values during the speed switching.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) The measurement of the viscosity value of the drilling fluid under the high-temperature and high-pressure state can be realized in a relatively small space through a high-pressure closed container with a small volume and a closeable structure;
(2) The custom-designed and manufactured special-shaped NS pole pair has low cost and good reliability and repeatability, and once the special-shaped NS pole pair is fixed, the magnetic field direction is also fixed, so that the problem of repeated accumulated errors does not occur;
(3) The remote operation, control and parameter setting can be realized, the test process is monitored remotely, the measurement result is obtained, the unattended operation is realized, the abnormal alarm parameters such as APP, short message or voice alarm can be realized, the abnormal alarm can be timely found, the occurrence of safety accidents can be avoided, and the personal injury can be avoided;
(4) The measurement accuracy is high.
The invention can be widely applied to viscosity measurement occasions.
The circuit, the electronic components and the modules are all in the prior art, and can be completely realized by a person skilled in the art, and needless to say, the protection of the invention does not relate to the improvement of software and a method.
It is noted that relational terms such as first and second, and the like are used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made therein without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (2)
1. A device for measuring viscosity of drilling fluid at high temperature and high pressure, comprising: the machine case (1), high-pressure closed container (3) and drive base (4), wherein:
the chassis (1) is arranged on the fixed supporting frame (2), a communication antenna (11), a display, a key (13) positioned on one side of the display and an alarm (14) are arranged above the chassis (1), and the chassis (1) comprises the following working modules:
and the control module is used for: the device comprises a controller and a memory, wherein the controller and the memory are used for controlling and realizing the measurement of the viscosity of drilling fluid under different pressures, different temperatures and different rotating speeds;
and the angle monitoring module is used for: the device comprises an angle resolving processor, a magnetic resistance sensor (15) and a signal amplifier, wherein the angle resolving processor is used for monitoring the rotation angle of a magnetic field so as to calculate a viscosity liquid measured value, two magnetic resistance Wheatstone bridges forming an included angle of 45 degrees are arranged in the magnetic resistance sensor (15), the output angle range of the magnetic resistance sensor (15) is +/-90 degrees, and the magnetic resistance sensor (15) is positioned right above an NS pole pair;
temperature and pressure monitoring module: the temperature and the pressure inside the high-pressure closed container (3) are monitored in real time through data transmitted by the temperature sensor and the pressure sensor and an abnormality detection algorithm; the abnormality detection algorithm includes a pressure abnormality determination method and a temperature abnormality determination method, specifically as follows,
the pressure abnormality judging method comprises the following steps: carrying out digital differential operation on the pressure real-time sampling value according to a sampling time interval delta t, calculating the pressure value variation delta P of two adjacent sampling points in the process of rising, falling and keeping constant pressure, obtaining the pressure value variation slope of two adjacent sampling points by delta P/delta t, and calculating and judging whether the pressure value has mutation or not by analyzing the variation condition of the pressure value in the process of rising, falling and keeping constant pressure and judging whether the pressure value has mutation or not according to the pressure value variation slope in the process of rising, falling and keeping constant pressure; setting a judging threshold according to the highest change rate of the normal pressure value when the pressure value works normally, and considering that the pressure system is abnormal if the pressure value exceeds the judging threshold, and displaying a screen 12 alarm, a sound alarm, a remote APP alarm, a short message alarm or a telephone alarm to wait for an operator to process; if serious abnormal conditions occur, the sudden change of the pressure value is larger, the system is subjected to protective pressure relief and stops working, so that an operator can detect and remove faults;
the temperature abnormality judging method comprises the following steps: carrying out digital differential operation on the temperature real-time sampling value according to a sampling time interval delta T, calculating the temperature value variation delta T of two adjacent sampling points in the temperature value rising, falling and constant temperature maintaining process, obtaining the slope of the temperature value variation of the two adjacent sampling points by delta T/delta T, and calculating and judging whether mutation exists in the temperature value rising, falling and constant temperature maintaining process by analyzing the variation condition of the slope in the temperature value rising, falling and constant temperature maintaining process, and judging whether the temperature value mutation exists according to the magnitude of the temperature value variation slope in the temperature value rising, falling and constant temperature maintaining process; setting a judging threshold according to the highest change rate of the temperature value which is normal during normal operation, and considering that the temperature system is abnormal if the temperature value exceeds the judging threshold, and waiting for an operator to process and remove faults through a display screen 12 alarm, an audio alarm, a remote APP alarm, a short message alarm or a telephone alarm;
and a remote control module: the controller is used for carrying out information interaction with the remote control terminal through the antenna, receiving the instruction of the remote control terminal and transmitting measurement data to the remote control terminal;
and a motor driving module: operating a drive motor (41) to provide a desired rotational speed for the device;
and a power supply module: the device comprises a power supply for providing the electric energy required by the normal operation of the device;
the high-pressure closed container (3) is placed under the case (1), the high-pressure closed container (3) comprises a liquid containing cylinder (32) and a top cover (31), a torsion spring (5) is connected in the middle of the bottom surface of the top cover (31), a special-shaped NS pole pair (6) is fixedly sleeved outside the torsion spring (5), the special-shaped NS pole pair (6) is made of rare earth permanent magnet material samarium cobalt, the lower end of the torsion spring (5) is fixedly connected with a connecting shaft (7), the lower end of the connecting shaft (7) is connected with an inner measuring cylinder (8), the special-shaped NS pole pair (6) is closely arranged with the top cover (31) and is not contacted with the top cover (31) and the inner measuring cylinder, a concave rotating frame (9) is arranged at the bottom of the liquid containing cylinder (32), the concave rotating frame (9) is positioned outside the inner measuring cylinder, and a temperature sensor and a pressure sensor are further arranged inside the high-pressure closed container (3); the diameter of the inner measuring cylinder (8) is smaller than that of the liquid containing cylinder (32), and the centers of the inner measuring cylinder (8) and the high-pressure closed container (3) are positioned on the same vertical central line;
the driving base (4) is a cylindrical concave table and is placed below the high-pressure closed container (3), a driving motor (41) and a groove structure (42) are arranged in the driving base (4), the driving motor (41) is electrically connected with the groove structure (42), and the groove structure (42) is magnetically connected with the concave rotating frame (9).
2. A measurement method based on the high-temperature high-pressure drilling fluid viscosity measurement device as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following two scenes:
scene one: the temperature, pressure and rotation speed constant value measurement comprises the following steps:
s1: parameter setting: the temperature, pressure and rotating speed are set by a measurer through remote input or key (13) input;
s2: measuring and calculating a viscosity value: the controller controls heating and pressurizing of the high-pressure closed container (3), after the temperature and pressure values reach set values, the base (4) is driven to magnetically drive the concave rotating frame (9) to run at set rotating speeds, the controller collects the instantaneous angle and the steady-state angle provided by the angle monitoring module, converts the angle into a viscosity value through an algorithm, displays the viscosity value on the display screen (12), displays the current temperature and pressure at the same time, can manually switch different rotating speeds in the measuring process, and automatically collects the maximum value of the viscosity change during the switching;
scene II: the temperature, pressure and rotation speed single variable value measurement comprises the following three conditions:
case one: the rotation speed and the pressure are fixed, and the measurement of the viscosity along with the temperature change characteristic comprises the following steps:
s1: parameter setting: the measuring staff inputs and sets fixed rotating speed value, pressure value and temperature change range through remote input or keys (13);
s2: measuring and calculating a viscosity value: the controller controls to apply different temperatures to the high-pressure closed container (3), drives the base (4) to magnetically drive the concave rotating frame (9) to run at a set rotating speed, collects an instantaneous angle and a steady-state angle provided by the angle monitoring module in the temperature change process, converts the angle into a viscosity value through an algorithm, displays the viscosity value on the display screen (12), simultaneously displays the current fixed rotating speed and pressure value, and after the temperature runs from an initial set value to a final set value, the viscosity-temperature curve is measured completely, and whether the curve is stored is selected;
and a second case: the rotation speed and the temperature are fixed, and the measurement of the viscosity along with the pressure change characteristic comprises the following steps:
s1: parameter setting: the measuring personnel inputs and sets a fixed rotating speed value, a fixed temperature value and a fixed pressure change range through a remote input or a key (13);
s2: measuring and calculating a viscosity value: the controller controls to apply different pressures to the high-pressure closed container (3), drives the base (4) to magnetically drive the concave rotating frame (9) to run at a set rotating speed, collects the instantaneous angle and the steady-state angle provided by the angle monitoring module in the pressure change process, converts the angle into a viscosity value through an algorithm to be displayed on the display screen (12), simultaneously displays the current fixed rotating speed and the temperature value, and after the pressure runs from an initial set value to a final set value, the viscosity-pressure curve is measured completely, and whether the curve is stored is selected;
and a third case: the temperature and pressure are fixed, and the measurement of the characteristic of the viscosity variation along with the rotation speed comprises the following steps:
s1: parameter setting: a measurer inputs a set rotation speed starting value, a rotation speed ending value, a downshift rotation speed value, the holding time of each rotation speed gear and the sampling time of the viscosity value in each rotation speed gear through a remote input or key (13);
s2: measuring and calculating a viscosity value: the controller controls to apply specific pressure and temperature to the high-pressure closed container (3), the driving base (4) magnetically drives the concave rotating frame (9) to rotate, the controller controls automatic downshift measurement, rotation speed conversion is completed in the downshift measurement process, the controller collects instantaneous angle and steady-state angle provided by the angle monitoring module in the rotation speed change process, the angle is converted into viscosity value through an algorithm to be displayed on the display screen (12), the current temperature, pressure and rotation speed are displayed, and after the rotation speed runs from an initial set value to a final set value, the viscosity-rotation speed curve is measured, and whether the curve is stored is selected;
detecting the device by using a temperature and pressure abnormality detection algorithm in a first scene and a second scene, and giving an alarm when abnormality occurs;
the sampling time interval of the instantaneous angle provided by the controller angle monitoring module is 10 milliseconds;
the measuring method of the high-temperature high-pressure drilling fluid viscosity measuring device further comprises a prefabricated temperature and pressure circulation intelligent full-automatic measuring method: and inputting a plurality of temperature and pressure combination conditions, setting a rotation speed starting value, a rotation speed ending value, a downshift rotation speed value, the holding time of each rotation speed gear, the sampling time of the viscosity value in each rotation speed gear and the high-speed sampling time of the shearing force value of each rotation speed switching point, and automatically executing a measurement method for measuring the change characteristics of the viscosity along with the rotation speed by the system according to the plurality of temperature and pressure values in sequence and circularly.
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