CN112743190B - Anti-deformation flexible tool structure and anti-deformation method for hot processing of metal thin-wall cylinder - Google Patents
Anti-deformation flexible tool structure and anti-deformation method for hot processing of metal thin-wall cylinder Download PDFInfo
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- CN112743190B CN112743190B CN202110365389.XA CN202110365389A CN112743190B CN 112743190 B CN112743190 B CN 112743190B CN 202110365389 A CN202110365389 A CN 202110365389A CN 112743190 B CN112743190 B CN 112743190B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K3/00—Tools, devices, or special appurtenances for soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering, not specially adapted for particular methods
- B23K3/08—Auxiliary devices therefor
- B23K3/087—Soldering or brazing jigs, fixtures or clamping means
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K37/00—Auxiliary devices or processes, not specially adapted to a procedure covered by only one of the preceding main groups
- B23K37/04—Auxiliary devices or processes, not specially adapted to a procedure covered by only one of the preceding main groups for holding or positioning work
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/0006—Details, accessories not peculiar to any of the following furnaces
- C21D9/0025—Supports; Baskets; Containers; Covers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/0068—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for particular articles not mentioned below
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of auxiliary processing related to the basic non-cutting metal processing, and discloses an anti-deformation flexible tool structure and an anti-deformation method for the thermal processing of a metal thin-wall cylinder; this frock structure includes: the flexible tool comprises a first flexible tool and a plurality of second flexible tools, wherein the first flexible tool is positioned inside the thin-wall cylinder; the second flexible tools comprise a plurality of sections of flexible binding belts arranged around the periphery of the thin-wall cylinder, binding belt coils arranged at two ends of each flexible binding belt, fixing pieces located at the positions of the adjacent binding belt coils and used for fixing the binding belt coils, and rotating shafts arranged at the connecting positions of the binding belt coils and the fixing pieces; in the method, the inner wall and the outer wall of the thin-wall cylinder are both flexibly supported in a controllable manner in the hot processing of the thin-wall cylinder; the invention is used for solving the problems of poor supporting effect, large deformation and low yield of the thin-wall cylinder in the hot processing production of the thin-wall cylinder.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of auxiliary machining related to basic non-cutting metal machining, in particular to a deformation-preventing flexible tool structure and a deformation-preventing method for hot machining of a metal thin-wall cylinder.
Background
For large thin-walled cylindrical parts, the internal diameter is greater than 100mm and the walls are thin, thus being a weak rigid structure. Not only for material saving but also with special requirements. The outer surface of the metal shell is locally designed with external parts, the external parts are brazed on the outer surface of the metal shell, and welding needs to ensure the internal forming quality of a welding seam and prevent welding and subsequent heat treatment deformation.
In this process, not only deformation and free expansion deformation due to stress release in a hot state are prevented, but also uneven shrinkage deformation in a cooling process is prevented; in the prior art, an inner support mode is generally adopted for supporting in the hot working production of a large thin-wall cylinder, so that the uneven shrinkage deformation generated in the cooling process in the hot working is prevented.
This internal bracing approach has the following drawbacks:
(1) no restriction is imposed on expansion deformation in the hot working process, and finally the roundness of the metal shell cylinder cannot meet the requirement of product precision; (2) the inner supporting structure provided by the prior art only supports the inner wall of the thin-wall cylinder locally; as a common cross-shaped supporting structure, a supporting surface is greatly omitted, so that the supporting effect is poor; (3) most internal bracing supporting structures cannot adjust the inner diameter and can only be generally suitable for a thin-wall cylinder.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem solved by the invention is as follows: the thin-wall cylinder in the prior art has poor supporting effect, large deformation and low yield in hot processing production.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a deformation-preventing flexible tool structure for hot processing of a thin-wall cylinder comprises a first flexible tool and a plurality of second flexible tools, wherein the first flexible tool is positioned inside the thin-wall cylinder;
the second flexible tools comprise a plurality of sections of flexible binding belts arranged around the periphery of the thin-wall cylinder, binding belt coils arranged at two ends of each flexible binding belt, fixing pieces located at the positions of the adjacent binding belt coils and used for fixing the binding belt coils, rotating shafts arranged at the connecting positions of the binding belt coils and the fixing pieces, and torsion springs arranged on the rotating shafts and connected with the fixing pieces;
the contact surface of the fixing piece and the flexible constraint belt is a cambered surface which can be attached to the thin-wall cylinder;
the fixing piece is also provided with a protective cover for protecting the binding strip coil; the protecting cover is provided with a pretightening force adjusting device connected with the rotating shaft;
the first flexible tool comprises a clamping device for clamping the inner wall of the thin-wall cylinder, a central spindle arranged on the central axis of the thin-wall cylinder, and a telescopic device arranged between the clamping device and the central spindle and used for adjusting the clamping force;
the clamping device comprises a plurality of inner wall clamping pieces which are uniformly arranged on the inner wall of the thin-wall cylinder; the inner wall clamping pieces comprise clamping piece bodies; the contact part of the clamping piece body and the thin-wall cylinder is a smooth arc surface; the clamping piece body is provided with a sliding chute connected with the telescopic device; limiting blocks are arranged at two ends of the sliding groove; the middle of the limiting block is provided with a connecting block;
the central main shaft comprises a fixed support, a rotating main shaft arranged on the fixed support, a central connecting piece arranged at one end of the rotating main shaft and positioned in the middle of the thin-wall cylinder, and a power assembly arranged at the other end of the rotating main shaft and used for providing rotating power;
a high-pressure pipeline is arranged in the center of the rotating main shaft; a shunt pipeline for connecting one end of the high-pressure pipeline with the telescopic device is arranged in the central connecting piece; the other end of the high-pressure pipeline is provided with a pressure regulating device;
the telescopic device comprises a plurality of groups of sealing sleeves which are uniformly distributed around the central connecting piece and are connected with the shunt pipeline, a plurality of groups of telescopic rods which are respectively movably arranged in the sealing sleeves, and a plurality of groups of stable structures which are respectively and correspondingly arranged on the sliding chute and are connected with the central connecting piece; the connecting end of the telescopic rod and the sealing sleeve is provided with a sealing piston piece, and the other end of the telescopic rod is connected with a connecting block;
the stabilizing structure comprises two stabilizing rods which are symmetrically arranged up and down; one end of the stabilizer bar is connected with the sliding groove through a pulley, and the other end of the telescopic rod is connected with a lifting lug arranged on the central connecting piece.
Further, the pressure regulating device comprises a high-pressure three-way pipe connected with a high-pressure pipeline, a gas supercharging device communicated with one end of the high-pressure three-way pipe, an electromagnetic pressure relief valve connected with the other end of the high-pressure three-way pipe, a pressure detection assembly used for detecting the pressure of the pipeline in the high-pressure three-way pipe, and a control module electrically connected with the pressure detection assembly and the gas supercharging device;
the electromagnetic pressure relief valve and the gas supercharging device can be connected simultaneously through the high-pressure three-way pipe; the gas can be filled into the high-pressure pipeline at any time through the gas supercharging device and is used for increasing the pressure in the high-pressure pipeline, so that the clamping force of the inner wall clamping piece on the inner wall of the thin-wall cylinder is ensured; the pressure in the high-pressure pipeline can be adjusted in real time through the arrangement of the pressure detection assembly and the control module; due to the fact that the thin-wall cylinders are different in material, thickness and heat treatment process, thermal stress deformation generated by different thin-wall cylinders in heat treatment is different, when the deformation is large, the control module can quickly compensate gas in the high-pressure pipeline, and flexible rebound is prevented, so that the supporting effect is reduced; therefore, the control module can adjust the pressure in the high-pressure pipeline by controlling the electromagnetic pressure relief valve and the gas supercharging device according to the data change detected by the pressure detection assembly, and optimal support of the thin-wall cylinder is ensured.
Furthermore, the inner wall of the sealing sleeve is provided with a spiral guide groove; the sealing piston piece comprises a piston sleeve body movably sleeved on the telescopic rod and a guide key arranged on the piston sleeve body and connected with the spiral guide groove.
The sealing piston device has the advantages that the linear motion of the sealing piston piece can be changed into rotary linear motion through the arrangement of the spiral guide groove, a certain protection effect can be achieved under the working condition of high pressure after the rotation is increased relative to the linear motion mode of the piston head, the buffering time is reserved to the piston motion after the pressure in the pipeline is increased through the rotation of the sealing piston piece, and the thin-wall cylinder is prevented from being damaged.
Furthermore, a rotating reinforcing ring for increasing stability is arranged on the sealing sleeve.
The stability of the telescopic device in the rotating process can be effectively enhanced through the arrangement of the rotating reinforcing ring, and the occurrence probability of mechanical faults is reduced.
Furthermore, the pretightening force adjusting device comprises a pretightening force gear connected with the rotating shaft, a locking block arranged on the protective cover and connected with the pretightening force gear, an elastic element connected between the locking block and the pretightening force gear, and an adjusting handle movably connected with the pretightening force gear.
The flexible binding belt can be used for adjusting the binding pretightening force applied to the outer wall of the thin-wall cylinder through the pretightening force adjusting device, so that reasonable and benign binding constraint is guaranteed.
Furthermore, the power assembly comprises a driven gear arranged on the rotating main shaft, a reciprocating connecting rod movably arranged on the fixed support in the middle, driving arc-shaped teeth arranged at one end of the reciprocating connecting rod and connected with the driven gear, and a pneumatic push-pull rod movably connected with the other end of the reciprocating connecting rod.
The reciprocating rotation motion of the rotating main shaft can be realized through the arrangement of the driven gear, the reciprocating connecting rod, the pneumatic push-pull rod and the driving arc-shaped teeth, and the comprehensive flexible support on the inner wall of the thin-wall cylinder is realized.
Furthermore, permanent magnetic stripes are uniformly arranged on the flexible binding belt.
The flexible binding belt can carry magnetism through the arrangement of the permanent magnetic strips, and the binding and constraining effect of the flexible binding belt is effectively enhanced through mutual attraction between the magnetic strips.
Further, the smooth arc surface finish Ra is 0.15-0.05; the friction force generated between the smooth arc surface and the inner wall of the thin-wall cylinder in the rotating process can be effectively reduced by controlling the smoothness; if the friction force is not reduced, on one hand, the load of a power assembly is increased, and the problem of increased energy consumption is caused; on the other hand, the inner wall of the thin-wall cylinder is abraded, and the tolerance of the production process is increased.
The method for preventing the deformation of the metal thin-wall cylinder during the hot processing by utilizing the tool structure comprises the following steps:
step 1: flexible clamping of thin-walled cylinders
Firstly, fixing a thin-wall cylinder, then applying flexible internal support to the inner wall of the thin-wall cylinder, and then applying flexible constraint to the outer wall of the thin-wall cylinder;
the flexible inner support adopts a mode that a high-pressure air pipe pushes the inner wall clamping piece to carry out inner support; the flexible constraint adopts a flexible constraint belt to bind the outer wall of the thin-wall cylinder;
step 2: hot working thin-walled cylinders
Carrying out hot processing on the flexibly clamped thin-wall cylinder; wherein the hot working comprises surface local welding, brazing, local heating cutting and integral heat treatment;
and step 3: dynamic clamping
When hot processing is carried out or after the hot processing is finished, the power assembly is adopted to drive the inner wall clamping piece which is in contact with the thin-wall cylinder to rotate, and the thin-wall cylinder is subjected to rotation correction treatment;
wherein, the pressure in the high-pressure gas pipe is adjusted along with the wall thickness of the thin-wall cylinder and the heat treatment deformation.
Further, in the step 3, the power assembly is adopted to drive the inner wall clamping piece to rotate back and forth; wherein, the frequency of the forward rotation and the backward rotation to-and-fro switching is 20-50 times/min;
the inner wall clamping piece is rotated in the process of flexible clamping, so that the problems of support surface omission and support property reduction can be solved, a certain flexible correction effect can be provided, and the problem of deformation caused by stress in the heat treatment process can be effectively solved; if unidirectional rotation is carried out, even if the friction force of flexible clamping can be reduced through smooth arrangement, part of stress of the thin-wall cylinder still can not be dispersed, the problem can be effectively solved through the reciprocating rotation of the inner wall clamping piece, the stress is effectively removed, the deformation of the thin-wall cylinder is reduced to the maximum extent, and the product yield of the thin-wall cylinder in the heat treatment is improved.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention provides an anti-deformation flexible tool structure and an anti-deformation method for hot working of a metal thin-wall cylinder, wherein flexible inner support of the interior of the thin-wall cylinder can be realized through the arrangement of a first flexible tool, and the problems of insufficient support surface and poor support effect in the prior art can be solved through rotation; the structure can be suitable for thin-wall cylinders with different sizes by arranging the telescopic device, the application range of the device can be greatly expanded, and the practicability of the tool is greatly improved.
Compared with the prior art, the invention can greatly improve the supporting effect of the thin-wall cylinder in the hot processing by applying flexible supports to the inside and the outside of the thin-wall cylinder, effectively reduce the uncontrollable deformation caused by the hot processing, greatly improve the product molding rate of the large thin-wall cylinder in the hot processing and improve the production efficiency.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a second flexible tool according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a first flexible tooling in embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a clamping device and a telescopic device according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a pressure regulating device according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the structure of the sealing piston member of embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a pretension adjusting device according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic structural view of a power module according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic structural view of a permanent magnetic stripe according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
wherein, 1-a first flexible tool, 2-a second flexible tool, 20-a flexible binding belt, 200-a permanent magnetic strip, 21-a binding belt coil, 22-a fixing piece, 23-a rotating shaft, 24-a protective cover, 25-a pretightening force adjusting device, 250-a pretightening force gear, 251-a locking block, 252-an elastic element, 253-an adjusting handle, 3-a clamping device, 30-a clamping piece body, 31-a smooth arc surface, 32-a sliding chute, 33-a limiting block, 34-a connecting block, 4-a central main shaft, 40-a fixed bracket, 41-a rotating main shaft, 42-a power assembly, 43-a high-pressure pipeline, 44-a shunt pipeline, 45-a pressure adjusting device, 450-a high-pressure three-way pipe, 451-a gas pressurizing device, a pressure regulating, 452-an electromagnetic pressure release valve, 453-a pressure detection assembly, 46-a central connecting piece, 5-a telescopic device, 50-a sealing sleeve, 51-a telescopic rod, 52-a stabilizing structure, 520-a stabilizing rod, 521-a lifting lug, 53-a sealing piston piece, 530-a piston sleeve body, 531-a guide key, 54-a spiral guide groove, 55-a rotating reinforcing ring, 420-a driven gear, 421-a reciprocating connecting rod, 422-a driving arc-shaped tooth and 423-a pneumatic push-pull rod.
Detailed Description
Example 1: the structure of the flexible tool for preventing the deformation in the thermal processing of the thin-wall cylinder shown in the figure 1 comprises a first flexible tool 1 positioned inside the thin-wall cylinder and a plurality of second flexible tools 2 uniformly arranged on the outer wall of the thin-wall cylinder;
as shown in fig. 1, the second flexible tooling 2 comprises 4 sections of flexible restraining strips 20 arranged around the periphery of the thin-walled cylinder, restraining strip coils 21 arranged at two ends of the flexible restraining strips 20, fixing pieces 22 arranged at the positions adjacent to the restraining strip coils 21 and used for fixing the restraining strip coils 21, a rotating shaft 23 arranged at the connecting position of the restraining strip coils 21 and the fixing pieces 22, and a torsion spring arranged on the rotating shaft 23 and connected with the fixing pieces 22;
as shown in FIG. 1, the contact surface of the fixing member 22 and the flexible binding band 20 is a cambered surface capable of fitting with a thin-walled cylinder;
as shown in fig. 1, the fixing member 22 is further provided with a protecting cover 24 for protecting the binding belt coil 21; a pretightening force adjusting device 25 connected with the rotating shaft 23 is arranged on the protective cover 24;
as shown in fig. 2, the first flexible tooling 1 comprises a clamping device 3 for clamping the inner wall of the thin-wall cylinder, a central spindle 4 arranged on the central axis of the thin-wall cylinder, and a telescopic device 5 arranged between the clamping device 3 and the central spindle 4 for adjusting the clamping force;
as shown in fig. 3, the holding device 3 comprises 6 inner wall holding members uniformly arranged on the inner wall of the thin-walled cylinder; the inner wall clamps each comprise a clamp body 30; the contact part of the clamping piece body 30 and the thin-wall cylinder is a smooth arc surface 31; the clamping piece body 30 is provided with a chute 32 connected with the telescopic device 5; two ends of the chute 32 are provided with limit blocks 33; the middle of the limiting block 33 is provided with a connecting block 34;
wherein, the smooth arc surface 31 has a smooth degree Ra of 0.05;
as shown in fig. 2, the central spindle 4 includes a fixed bracket 40, a rotating spindle 41 disposed on the fixed bracket 40, a central connecting member 46 disposed at one end of the rotating spindle 41 and located in the middle of the thin-walled cylinder, and a power assembly 42 disposed at the other end of the rotating spindle 41 for providing rotating power;
as shown in fig. 2, a high-pressure pipeline 43 is arranged in the center of the rotating main shaft 41; a shunt pipeline 44 for connecting one end of the high-pressure pipeline 43 with the telescopic device 5 is arranged in the central connecting piece 46; the other end of the high-pressure pipeline 43 is provided with a pressure regulating device 45;
as shown in fig. 3, the telescopic device 5 comprises 6 groups of sealing sleeves 50 which are uniformly distributed around the central connecting member 46 and are connected with the diversion pipeline 44, 6 groups of telescopic rods 51 which are movably arranged in the sealing sleeves 50 respectively, and 6 groups of stabilizing structures 52 which are correspondingly arranged on the sliding chute 32 and are connected with the central connecting member 46 respectively; a sealing piston piece 53 is arranged at the connecting end of the telescopic rod 51 and the sealing sleeve 50, and the other end of the telescopic rod 51 is connected with the connecting block 34;
as shown in fig. 3, the stabilizing structure 52 includes two stabilizing bars 520 arranged in an up-down symmetrical manner; the stabilizer bar 520 has one end connected to the runner 32 via a pulley and the other end connected to a lifting lug 521 provided on the center link 46.
As shown in fig. 3, the sealing sleeve 50 is further provided with a rotating reinforcing ring 55 for stability.
As shown in fig. 4, the pressure regulating device 45 includes a high-pressure three-way pipe 450 connected to the high-pressure pipeline 43, a gas pressurizing device 451 communicated with one end of the high-pressure three-way pipe 450, an electromagnetic pressure relief valve 452 connected to the other end of the high-pressure three-way pipe 450, a pressure detecting assembly 453 for detecting the pipeline pressure in the high-pressure three-way pipe 450, and a control module electrically connected to the pressure detecting assembly 453 and the gas pressurizing device 451.
As shown in fig. 5, the inner wall of the sealing sleeve 50 is provided with a spiral guide groove 54; the sealing piston 53 includes a piston housing 530 movably fitted over the telescopic rod 51, and a guide key 531 provided on the piston housing 530 and connected to the spiral guide groove 54.
Wherein the number of the spiral guide grooves 54 is 3.
Wherein, the control module adopts a commercially available singlechip controller; the pressure sensing assembly 453 is a commercially available industrial pressure transmitter; the pre-tightening force adjusting device 25 adopts a commercial rope tightener; the high-pressure three-way pipe 450 and the power component 42 are all commercially available products; the specific model of the product is not specially limited, and the product can be selected and used by a person skilled in the art according to the needs.
Example 2:
the difference from the embodiment 1 is that:
as shown in fig. 6, the pretension adjusting device 25 includes a pretension gear 250 connected to the rotating shaft 23, a locking block 251 disposed on the protective cover 24 and connected to the pretension gear 250, an elastic element 252 connected between the locking block 251 and the pretension gear 250, and an adjusting handle 253 movably connected to the pretension gear 250.
Wherein, the smooth arc surface 31 has a smooth degree Ra of 0.15;
the elastic element 252 is a conventional commercially available spring, and the specific type is not particularly limited, and those skilled in the art can select and use the spring according to the needs.
Example 3:
the difference from the embodiment 1 is that:
as shown in fig. 7, the power assembly 42 includes a driven gear 420 disposed on the rotating main shaft 41, a reciprocating connecting rod 421 movably disposed on the fixed bracket 40 at the middle portion, a driving arc-shaped tooth 422 disposed at one end of the reciprocating connecting rod 421 and connected to the driven gear 420, and a pneumatic push-pull rod 423 movably connected to the other end of the reciprocating connecting rod 421.
Wherein, the central angle of the driving arc-shaped tooth 422 is 120 degrees; and both ends of the driving arc-shaped teeth 422 are provided with limit structures.
The pneumatic push-pull rod 423 is commercially available, and the specific type is not particularly limited, and can be selected by a person skilled in the art according to needs.
Example 4:
the difference from the embodiment 1 is that:
the flexible binding band 20 is uniformly provided with permanent magnetic stripes 200.
Example 5:
the embodiment illustrates a method for preventing deformation of a thin-walled metal cylinder during hot working by using the flexible tooling structure of embodiment 1:
the outer diameter of the thin-wall cylinder to be hot-processed is phi 195mm, the wall thickness is 0.8mm, and the length of the cylinder is 592 mm;
8 external parts are uniformly distributed on the outer surfaces of the positions 100mm and 200mm away from the end surface of the cylinder, the external parts are welded to the surface of the cylinder body through argon arc welding, and the cylinder body is subjected to integral furnace-entering annealing treatment after the welding is finished. The roundness of the cylinder is required to be not more than 0.5mm after welding and annealing.
The method for preventing the deformation of the metal thin-wall cylinder during the hot processing by utilizing the tool structure comprises the following steps:
step 1: flexible clamping of thin-walled cylinders
Firstly, fixing a thin-wall cylinder, applying flexible internal support to the inner wall of the thin-wall cylinder by adopting a first flexible tool 1, and then applying flexible binding constraint to the outer wall of the thin-wall cylinder by adopting a second flexible tool 2;
first flexible frock 1 exerts flexible internal stay at the inner wall, specifically is: after the clamping device 3, the central spindle 4 and the telescopic device are placed inside the thin-wall cylinder, the control module controls the gas pressurizing device 451 to fill gas into the high-pressure pipeline 43 and push the telescopic rod 51, so that the clamping piece body 30 applies flexible internal support to the inner wall of the thin-wall cylinder;
the second flexible tool 2 applies flexible binding constraint on the outer wall, and specifically comprises the following steps: firstly, arranging the flexible binding belt 20 around the periphery of the thin-wall cylinder, then connecting the end parts of the adjacent flexible binding belts 20 by using the fixing piece 22, and rotating the rotating shaft 23 by using the pretightening force adjusting device 25 to ensure that the flexible binding belts 20 apply flexible binding constraint on the outer wall of the thin-wall cylinder; wherein, the flexible binding belt 20 is made of steel flexible belt with stronger toughness;
step 2: hot working thin-walled cylinders
Carrying out hot processing on the flexibly clamped thin-wall cylinder; the external part is welded to the surface of the thin-wall cylinder body through argon arc welding;
after the welding is finished, the power assembly 42 drives the inner wall clamping piece in contact with the thin-wall cylinder to rotate back and forth, and the thin-wall cylinder is subjected to first rotation correction treatment; wherein, the frequency of the forward rotation and the backward rotation to-and-fro switching is 50 times/min.
After the first rotation correction treatment is finished, the thin-wall cylinder is subjected to integral furnace annealing treatment;
when the thermal processing is carried out, the power assembly 42 drives the inner wall clamping piece contacted with the thin-wall cylinder to rotate back and forth, and the thin-wall cylinder is subjected to secondary rotation correction treatment; wherein, the frequency of the forward rotation and the backward rotation is 20 times/min.
By using the tool, after the external part of the thin-wall cylinder is subjected to hot processing such as welding, integral annealing and the like, the roundness of the thin-wall cylinder produced by the method is detected to be 0.25mm, and the requirement of the product design on shape accuracy with the roundness not more than 0.5mm is met.
Claims (7)
1. A deformation-preventing flexible tool structure for hot processing of a thin-wall cylinder is characterized by comprising a first flexible tool (1) positioned inside the thin-wall cylinder and a plurality of second flexible tools (2) uniformly arranged on the outer wall of the thin-wall cylinder;
the second flexible tools (2) respectively comprise a plurality of sections of flexible binding belts (20) arranged around the periphery of the thin-wall cylinder, binding belt coils (21) arranged at two ends of each flexible binding belt (20), fixing pieces (22) positioned at the positions adjacent to the binding belt coils (21) and used for fixing the binding belt coils (21), rotating shafts (23) arranged at the connecting positions of the binding belt coils (21) and the fixing pieces (22), and torsion springs arranged on the rotating shafts (23) and connected with the fixing pieces (22);
the contact surface of the fixing piece (22) and the flexible binding belt (20) is a cambered surface which can be attached to the thin-wall cylinder;
the fixing piece (22) is also provided with a protective cover (24) for protecting the binding strip coil (21); a pre-tightening force adjusting device (25) connected with the rotating shaft (23) is arranged on the protective cover (24);
the first flexible tool (1) comprises a clamping device (3) for clamping the inner wall of the thin-wall cylinder, a central spindle (4) arranged on the central axis of the thin-wall cylinder, and a telescopic device (5) arranged between the clamping device (3) and the central spindle (4) and used for adjusting the clamping force;
the clamping device (3) comprises a plurality of inner wall clamping pieces which are uniformly arranged on the inner wall of the thin-wall cylinder; the inner wall clamps each comprise a clamp body (30); the contact part of the clamping piece body (30) and the thin-wall cylinder is a smooth arc surface (31); the clamping piece body (30) is provided with a sliding chute (32) connected with the telescopic device (5); two ends of the sliding groove (32) are provided with limiting blocks (33); a connecting block (34) is arranged in the middle of the limiting block (33);
the central spindle (4) comprises a fixed support (40), a rotating spindle (41) arranged on the fixed support (40), a central connecting piece (46) arranged at one end of the rotating spindle (41) and positioned in the middle of the thin-wall cylinder, and a power assembly (42) arranged at the other end of the rotating spindle (41) and used for providing rotating power;
a high-pressure pipeline (43) is arranged at the center of the rotating main shaft (41); a shunt pipeline (44) for connecting one end of the high-pressure pipeline (43) with the telescopic device (5) is arranged in the central connecting piece (46); the other end of the high-pressure pipeline (43) is provided with a pressure regulating device (45);
the telescopic device (5) comprises a plurality of groups of sealing sleeves (50) which are uniformly distributed around the central connecting piece (46) and are connected with the shunt pipeline (44), a plurality of groups of telescopic rods (51) which are respectively movably arranged in the sealing sleeves (50), and a plurality of groups of stable structures (52) which are respectively and correspondingly arranged on the sliding chute (32) and are connected with the central connecting piece (46); a sealing piston piece (53) is arranged at the connecting end of the telescopic rod (51) and the sealing sleeve (50), and the other end of the telescopic rod (51) is connected with the connecting block (34);
the stabilizing structure (52) comprises two stabilizing rods (520) which are symmetrically arranged up and down; one end of the stabilizer bar (520) is connected with the chute (32) through a pulley, and the other end of the stabilizer bar is connected with a lifting lug (521) arranged on the central connecting piece (46);
the pressure regulating device (45) comprises a high-pressure three-way pipe (450) connected with a high-pressure pipeline (43), a gas supercharging device (451) communicated with one end of the high-pressure three-way pipe (450), an electromagnetic pressure relief valve (452) connected with the other end of the high-pressure three-way pipe (450), a pressure detection assembly (453) for detecting the pipeline pressure in the high-pressure three-way pipe (450), and a control module electrically connected with the pressure detection assembly (453) and the gas supercharging device (451);
the inner wall of the sealing sleeve (50) is provided with a spiral guide groove (54); the sealing piston piece (53) comprises a piston sleeve body (530) movably sleeved on the telescopic rod (51) and a guide key (531) arranged on the piston sleeve body (530) and connected with the spiral guide groove (54);
the flexible binding belt (20) is uniformly provided with permanent magnetic strips (200).
2. The hot working deformation-preventing flexible tooling structure for the thin-walled cylinder as claimed in claim 1, wherein a rotating reinforcing ring (55) for increasing stability is further provided on the sealing sleeve (50).
3. The hot working deformation-prevention flexible tooling structure for the thin-walled cylinder as claimed in claim 1, wherein the pretightening force adjusting device (25) comprises a pretightening force gear (250) connected with the rotating shaft (23), a locking block (251) arranged on the protective cover (24) and connected with the pretightening force gear (250), an elastic element (252) connected between the locking block (251) and the pretightening force gear (250), and an adjusting handle (253) movably connected with the pretightening force gear (250).
4. The hot working deformation-preventing flexible tooling structure for the thin-walled cylinder according to claim 1, wherein the power assembly (42) comprises a driven gear (420) arranged on the rotating main shaft (41), a reciprocating connecting rod (421) movably arranged on a fixed support (40) at the middle part, driving arc-shaped teeth (422) arranged at one end of the reciprocating connecting rod (421) and connected with the driven gear (420), and a pneumatic push-pull rod (423) movably connected with the other end of the reciprocating connecting rod (421).
5. The hot-working deformation-preventing flexible tooling structure for the thin-walled cylinder according to claim 1, wherein the smooth arc surface (31) has a finish Ra of 0.15-0.05.
6. The method for preventing the deformation of the thin-wall metal cylinder during the hot working by using the tool structure of any one of claims 1 to 5 is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step 1: flexible clamping of thin-walled cylinders
Firstly, fixing a thin-wall cylinder, then applying flexible internal support to the inner wall of the thin-wall cylinder, and then applying flexible constraint to the outer wall of the thin-wall cylinder;
the flexible inner support is internally supported in a mode of introducing gas into the high-pressure pipeline so as to push the inner wall clamping piece; the flexible constraint adopts a flexible constraint belt to bind the outer wall of the thin-wall cylinder;
step 2: hot working thin-walled cylinders
Carrying out hot processing on the flexibly clamped thin-wall cylinder; wherein the hot working comprises surface local welding, brazing, local heating cutting and integral heat treatment;
and step 3: dynamic clamping
When hot processing is carried out or after the hot processing is finished, the power assembly is adopted to drive the inner wall clamping piece which is in contact with the thin-wall cylinder to rotate, and the thin-wall cylinder is subjected to rotation correction treatment;
wherein, the pressure in the high-pressure pipeline is adjusted along with the wall thickness of the thin-wall cylinder and the heat treatment deformation.
7. The method for preventing deformation in hot working of the metal thin-wall cylinder as claimed in claim 6, wherein in the step 3, a power assembly is adopted to drive the inner wall clamping piece to rotate back and forth; wherein, the frequency of the forward rotation and the backward rotation is 20-50 times/min.
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| CN115180808A (en) * | 2022-09-09 | 2022-10-14 | 复星生命科学技术(江苏)有限公司 | Shape-keeping type glass centrifuge tube annealing furnace |
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| CN206305623U (en) * | 2016-09-27 | 2017-07-07 | 莆田学院 | A kind of thin cylinder crack laser is repaiied and covers anti-deformation fixture |
| CN207358643U (en) * | 2017-10-20 | 2018-05-15 | 三峡大学 | A kind of thin-walled cylinder fixture |
| CN210188100U (en) * | 2018-12-24 | 2020-03-27 | 四川安德科技有限公司 | Titanium alloy part blocking welding forming shape correcting tool |
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