CN112743065A - Mold system for overturning directional cooling casting forming device - Google Patents
Mold system for overturning directional cooling casting forming device Download PDFInfo
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- CN112743065A CN112743065A CN202011599869.4A CN202011599869A CN112743065A CN 112743065 A CN112743065 A CN 112743065A CN 202011599869 A CN202011599869 A CN 202011599869A CN 112743065 A CN112743065 A CN 112743065A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D27/00—Treating the metal in the mould while it is molten or ductile ; Pressure or vacuum casting
- B22D27/04—Influencing the temperature of the metal, e.g. by heating or cooling the mould
- B22D27/045—Directionally solidified castings
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D27/00—Treating the metal in the mould while it is molten or ductile ; Pressure or vacuum casting
- B22D27/08—Shaking, vibrating, or turning of moulds
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D33/00—Equipment for handling moulds
- B22D33/02—Turning or transposing moulds
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Abstract
The invention provides a mold system for turning over a directional cooling casting molding device, which comprises: turning over a box body, a sand mold, a first chilling mold and a second chilling mold; the turnover box body is used for placing a sand mold, a first chilling mold and a second chilling mold; the bottom cavity is contacted with a first chilling mould and a second chilling mould, and the sand mould, the first chilling mould and the second chilling mould are combined to define a casting cavity to be formed; the relationship of the projection areas of the bottom cavity, the first chilling mould and the second chilling mould in the gravity direction is as follows: the projection area of the second chilling mould is larger than the projection area of the bottom cavity and larger than the projection area of the first chilling mould. The mold-remaining tendency of the casting when the chilling mold is removed in the casting process is ensured, the condition that the casting is removed along with the chilling mold to cause the process to be invalid is avoided, and the subsequent water spray cooling of the casting shell layer is facilitated to play a role.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to a mold system, and in particular, to a mold system for turning over a directional cooling casting molding apparatus.
Background
The casting is a technological process of pouring metal melt into a casting mold, and obtaining a casting after cooling and solidification. There are two main factors affecting the performance of castings: the flowing state of the molten metal in the mold filling process; secondly, the temperature field distribution of the molten metal during solidification. If the molten metal flows unstably in the filling process, the molten metal is easy to mix with air and react, and defects such as air holes, slag inclusion and the like are caused in the casting; in the solidification process, because the molten metal can shrink when being solidified, if a reasonable temperature field can be established, the feeding effect of the high-temperature molten metal on the low-temperature molten metal can be fully exerted, and the quality of the casting can be effectively improved.
A method and apparatus for reverse directional cooling casting formation is disclosed in the patent "a reverse directional cooling casting formation system" (CN 201921103038.6) and in the patent "an alloy casting method using dual cooling conditions to obtain fine secondary dendrite arm spacing" (CN 201910635789.0). The method comprises the following steps: firstly, filling the mold at low pressure to ensure that the metal liquid is filled in the casting mold in a laminar flow mode; secondly, turning the casting mould for 180 degrees after the mould filling is finished, and changing the casting mould into gravity solidification; thirdly, a sand mold and a metal mold are adopted to form a combined mold, when molten metal is in contact with the chilling mold shortly, the molten metal is firstly solidified to form a shell layer, at the moment, the chilling mold part is removed, and cooling fluid is adopted to impact on the surface of the casting after the chilling mold is removed, so that the casting is rapidly cooled along the action direction of the cooling fluid. The process ensures that molten metal is stably filled; the solidification temperature field of the casting is improved to a certain extent; meanwhile, through the water spraying and quick cooling effects of the process, the secondary dendritic crystal arm structure of the material can be refined, so that better performance is obtained.
The apparatus designed by penrizine et al, shanghai university of transportation, "a reverse directional cooling foundry molding system" (CN 201921103038.6) is currently the only equipment that can industrially implement the above process. However, the device has the following problems in the use process: the strength of a sand mold for forming a casting is greatly reduced due to the thermal action of high-temperature molten metal, and meanwhile due to the actions of the gravity of the molten metal, adhesion of a metal shell layer and a chilling mold and the like, the casting cannot be kept in the sand mold all the time when the chilling mold is withdrawn (the casting is possibly bound by a sand core and withdrawn along with the chilling mold), so that the subsequent water spraying cooling cannot play a role. Secondly, after turning over, although the temperature drop caused by molten metal in mold filling can establish initial sequential solidification temperature gradient in the casting mold, due to the characteristics of complex shape and uneven wall thickness of the casting, the solidification speed of each point of the casting is inconsistent, and a temperature field formed in the initial stage is interfered and damaged along with the progress of the solidification process, so that part of feeding channels are firstly solidified to form an isolated liquid phase area, thereby causing the local shrinkage defect of the casting. And thirdly, in order to ensure that liquid does not leak at the pouring gate of the sand mold during overturning, the center of the pouring gate of the sand mold needs to be kept on the overturning axis of the overturning box body, and the sand mold is placed on the upper platform of the overturning box body, so that the distance from the axis where the pouring gate of the sand mold is located to the bottom of the sand mold needs to be kept unchanged, and the process cannot adapt to castings with different sizes.
In view of the above, we propose a mold system for turning over a directional cooling casting molding apparatus to solve the above problems.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, it is an object of the present invention to provide a mold system for a reverse directional cooling casting apparatus.
According to the invention, the mold system for the overturning directional cooling casting forming device comprises: turning over a box body, a sand mold, a first chilling mold and a second chilling mold;
the turnover box body is used for placing a sand mould, a first chilling mould and a second chilling mould;
-said sand mould having a plurality of cavities therein, a bottom cavity in contact with and defining in combination with said first and said second chill a casting cavity to be formed;
-the relationship of the projected areas of the bottom impression (sand mold third impression) and the first and second chill molds in the direction of gravity is: the projection area of the second chilling mould is larger than the projection area of the bottom cavity and larger than the projection area of the first chilling mould; and a limiting hole is formed in the center of the second chilling mould, and the size of the limiting hole just accommodates the first chilling mould to be matched with the first chilling mould.
Preferably, the sand mold comprises in the longitudinal direction: the casting system, the first cavity, the second cavity and the third cavity (namely a sand mold bottom cavity);
the gating system is positioned at the upper end in the sand mold and is connected with the side wall, the gating system is sequentially connected with the first cavity, the second cavity and the third cavity, and the third cavity is positioned at the bottom of the sand mold and is in contact with the first chilling mold and the second chilling mold.
Preferably, the heat exchange capacity between the first chilling mould and the high-temperature molten metal is higher than that between the sand mould and the high-temperature molten metal.
Preferably, an upper platform is arranged in the middle of the turnover box body, and a lower platform is arranged at the bottom of the turnover box body;
the upper platform is provided with a through hole which can accommodate the first chilling mould to enter and exit, the lower platform is provided with a push rod capable of reciprocating, and the first chilling mould is arranged at the front end of the push rod;
the side wall of the turnover box body is provided with a molten metal conveying pipeline inlet and outlet, a water spraying mechanism inlet and outlet is arranged above the upper platform and on the side wall of the turnover box body and is positioned between the upper platform and the lower platform;
preferably, the first cavity, the second cavity and the third cavity have a geometrical heat storage capacity relationship that: the heat storage capacity of the first cavity is larger than that of the second cavity and larger than that of the third cavity.
Preferably, the ratio of the total of the amounts of the components is zero. The projection relation of the sand mold second cavity 202 and the sand mold third cavity 203 in the gravity direction is as follows: the projection of the second sand mold cavity is positioned in the center of the projection of the third sand mold cavity, and the projection range of the second sand mold cavity is smaller than that of the third sand mold cavity.
Preferably, a height-adjusting cushion block is arranged between the second chilling mould and the upper layer platform.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
when the chilling mould is removed in the casting process, the mould retention tendency of the casting is ensured, the condition that the casting is removed along with the chilling mould to cause the process to be invalid is avoided, and the subsequent water spray cooling of the casting shell layer is facilitated to play a role;
a reasonable solidification temperature field can be established all the time in the casting solidification process, and the feeding effect of the casting is optimized, so that the casting quality is ensured;
the problem of high solidification of sand molds in the existing turnover casting device is solved, and the adaptability of the turnover directional cooling casting forming process to diversified castings is improved; the purpose can be achieved only by replacing the cushion blocks with different heights, and the operation is flexible and convenient;
according to the invention, the casting shell layer is formed by chilling the molten metal in the third cavity of the sand mold, and the purpose of limiting the casting is achieved by matching with a chilling mold structure, and any other limiting mechanism is not required to be added in the process, so that the cost is low, and the design is convenient.
Drawings
Other features, objects and advantages of the invention will become more apparent upon reading of the detailed description of non-limiting embodiments with reference to the following drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a mold system;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the assembled molds before they are cast;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the status of molten metal low-pressure filling;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing a state where the assembled mold is turned 180 °;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the low pressure casting pressure being removed and the primary chill removed;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the water spraying mechanism spraying water to cool the solidified shell layer of the casting;
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to specific examples. The following examples will assist those skilled in the art in further understanding the invention, but are not intended to limit the invention in any way. It should be noted that it would be obvious to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention. All falling within the scope of the present invention.
The first embodiment:
a mold system for a reverse directional cooling cast molding apparatus, as shown in fig. 1, comprising: the method comprises the following steps of turning a box body 1, a sand mold 2, a first chilling mold 3 and a second chilling mold 4; the turnover box body 1 is used for placing a sand mold 2, a first chilling mold 3 and a second chilling mold 4; a plurality of cavities are formed in the sand mold 2, a bottom cavity is in contact with a first chilling mold 3 and a second chilling mold 4, and the sand mold, the first chilling mold 3 and the second chilling mold 4 are combined to define a casting cavity to be formed; the relationship between the bottom cavity and the projection areas of the first chilling mould 3 and the second chilling mould 4 in the gravity direction is as follows: the projection area 4 of the second chilling mould is larger than the projection area of the bottom cavity and larger than the projection area of the first chilling mould 3; the center of the second chilling mould 4 is provided with a limiting hole, and the size of the limiting hole just accommodates the first chilling mould 3 to be matched with the limiting hole.
Specifically, an upper platform 101 is arranged in the middle of the turnover box body 1, a lower platform 102 is arranged at the bottom of the turnover box body, the sand mold 2 is placed on a second chilling mold 4, the second chilling mold 4 is placed on a detachable height-adjusting cushion block 5 above the upper platform 101, the height of the whole sand mold 2 can be adjusted by adjusting the height of the height-adjusting cushion block 5, and the second chilling mold 4, the height-adjusting cushion block 5 and the upper platform 101 are connected through screws so as to be convenient to detach; three cavities are formed in the sand mold 2, the third cavity 203 is communicated with the outside and is in contact with the first chilling mold 3 and the second chilling mold 4, and the sand mold 2, the first chilling mold 3 and the second chilling mold 4 are combined to define a casting cavity to be formed; a limiting hole is formed in the center of the second chilling mould 4, the size of the limiting hole is just suitable for accommodating the first chilling mould 3 to be matched with the second chilling mould, and the limiting hole and the first chilling mould together form a complete middle chilling mould part of the cavity;
when casting and filling, the heat exchange capacity between the first chilling mould 3 and the high-temperature molten metal 7 and between the second chilling mould 4 and the high-temperature molten metal 7 is stronger than that between the sand mould 2 and the high-temperature molten metal 7, so that the molten metal in contact with the first chilling mould 3 and the second chilling mould 4 can quickly form a solidified metal shell layer 8, and the molten metal in the rest parts of the cavity 201 and the cavity 202 is still in a high-temperature state.
The relationship among the projection areas of the sand mold third cavity 203, the first chilling mold 3 and the second chilling mold 4 in the gravity direction is as follows: the projection area of the second chilling mould 4 is larger than the projection area of the sand mould third cavity 203 and larger than the projection area of the first chilling mould 3. When the solidified shell metal 8 is formed and the first chilling mould 3 is removed, the second chilling mould 4 can limit the metal shell 8, so that the casting and the first chilling mould 3 are prevented from being removed together, and the mould remaining tendency of the casting is ensured.
Second embodiment:
as shown in fig. 2 to 6, after the sand mold 2 is positioned and locked by a clamp, the sand mold 2, the first chilling mold 3 and the second chilling mold 4 together define a cavity to be poured; then, the turnover box body 1 is turned over, so that the combined mold in the turnover box body 1 is in a preparation state before casting forming, namely, an inverted position;
the molten metal conveying pipe 6 penetrates through a molten metal conveying pipe inlet 103 on the turnover box body 1 and is matched with a sand mold 2 pouring gate arranged on the turnover box body 1; under the action of pressure, the molten metal 7 flows out of the molten metal conveying pipeline 6 and sequentially fills the first cavity 201, the second cavity 202 and the third cavity 203; under the chilling action of the first chilling mould 3 and the second chilling mould 4, the molten metal in the third cavity 203 is firstly solidified to form shell metal 8;
along the axis of the molten metal conveying pipe 6, reversely turning the turning box body 1 for 180 degrees under the pressure-maintaining condition, and driving the sand mold 2, the first chilling mold 3 and the second chilling mold 4 on the turning box body 1 to turn over; thereby returning the combined die to the positive position; the low-pressure casting pressure is removed, so that the redundant molten metal in the pouring system 200 flows back into the molten metal conveying pipe 6; simultaneously driving the push rod 105 to withdraw the first chilling mould 2 arranged on the push rod 105 from the cavity and expose the solidified metal shell layer 8; and driving the water spraying mechanism 9 to enter the position right below the metal shell layer 8 from the water spraying mechanism inlet and outlet 104, and spraying water for cooling the metal shell layer 8.
The relationship among the heat storage capacities of the first cavity 201, the second cavity 202 and the third cavity 203 in the sand mold 2 is as follows: the heat storage capacity of the first cavity 201 is larger than that of the second cavity 202 and larger than that of the third cavity 203; firstly, the molten metal of the second cavity 202 where the casting is located is subjected to the thermal action of the molten metal in the first cavity 201, so that the adverse effect of a thin-wall structure in the second cavity 202 on the feeding channel can be weakened (the feeding channel is prevented from being closed prematurely), and the effective feeding time is prolonged; secondly, when the solidified metal shell layer 8 formed in the third cavity 203 is cooled by water spraying, the high-temperature metal liquid at the upper end can always play a feeding role in the low-temperature metal liquid at the lower end step by step, so that the defects of shrinkage cavity and shrinkage porosity in the casting are reduced.
The projection relation of the sand mold second cavity 202 and the sand mold third cavity 203 in the gravity direction is as follows: the projection of the sand mold second cavity 202 is located at the center of the projection of the sand mold third cavity 203, and the projection range of the sand mold second cavity 202 is smaller than the projection range of the sand mold third cavity 203. On one hand, the molten metal in the third cavity 203 of the sand mold, which is not connected with the second cavity 202, is less influenced by the heat of the molten metal in the second cavity 202, and the molten metal can be rapidly cooled under the action of the chilling mold to form a metal shell layer with enough supporting strength in a short time, so that the evacuation time of the first chilling mold 3 is shortened, and the subsequent water spraying cooling time is advanced to exert the advantage of water spraying and rapid cooling; on the other hand, after the first chilling mould 3 is removed, the second cavity molten metal at the center of the projection range of the third cavity can be fully transferred at a cooling speed during water spraying, and a casting cooling blind area is avoided under the water spraying condition.
After the casting in the embodiment is solidified, the casting is taken out through shakeout, and a part of the metal shell layer 8 for limiting and a feeding structure on the casting are machined off in a punching shear, cutting or other machining modes, so that the required part can be obtained.
In the description of the present application, it is to be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience in describing the present application and simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present application.
The foregoing description of specific embodiments of the present invention has been presented. It is to be understood that the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above, and that various changes or modifications may be made by one skilled in the art within the scope of the appended claims without departing from the spirit of the invention. The embodiments and features of the embodiments of the present application may be combined with each other arbitrarily without conflict.
Claims (7)
1. A mold system for turning over a directionally cooled cast molding apparatus, comprising: the method comprises the following steps of turning over a box body (1), a sand mold (2), a first chilling mold (3) and a second chilling mold (4);
the turnover box body (1) is used for placing a sand mold (2), a first chilling mold (3) and a second chilling mold (4);
a plurality of cavities are formed in the sand mold (2), a bottom cavity is in contact with the first chilling mold (3) and the second chilling mold (4), and the sand mold, the first chilling mold (3) and the second chilling mold (4) are combined to define a casting cavity to be formed;
the relationship of the projection areas of the sand mold bottom cavity, the first chilling mold (3) and the second chilling mold (4) in the gravity direction is as follows: the projection area (4) of the second chilling mould is larger than the projection area of the bottom cavity and larger than the projection area of the first chilling mould (3); the center of the second chilling mould (4) is provided with a limiting hole, and the size of the limiting hole just accommodates the first chilling mould (3) to be matched with the limiting hole.
2. The mold system for turning over a directionally cooled cast molding apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the sand mold (2) comprises in the longitudinal direction: a gating system (200), a first cavity (201), a second cavity (202) and a third cavity (203);
the pouring system (200) is located at the upper end inside the sand mold (2) and connected with the side wall, the pouring system (200) is sequentially connected with the first cavity (201), the second cavity (202) and the third cavity (203), and the third cavity (203) is located at the bottom of the sand mold (2) and is in contact with the first chilling mold (3) and the second chilling mold (4).
3. The mold system for turning over a directionally cooled cast molding apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the heat exchange capacity between the first chilling die (3) and the high-temperature molten metal is higher than that between the sand mold (2) and the high-temperature molten metal.
4. The mold system for turning over a directionally cooled cast molding apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein: an upper layer platform (101) is arranged in the middle of the turnover box body (1), and a lower layer platform (102) is arranged at the bottom of the turnover box body (1);
the upper layer platform (101) is provided with a through hole (106), the through hole (106) can accommodate the first chilling mould (3) to enter and exit, the lower layer platform (102) is provided with a push rod (105) capable of reciprocating, and the first chilling mould (3) is installed at the front end of the push rod (105);
a metal liquid conveying pipeline inlet and outlet (103) is formed in the side wall of the turnover box body (1) and is positioned above the upper-layer platform (101); a water spraying mechanism inlet and outlet (104) is formed in the side wall of the turnover box body (1) and is located between the upper platform (101) and the lower platform.
5. The mold system for turning over a directionally cooled cast molding apparatus as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the first cavity (201), the second cavity (202) and the third cavity (203) have the geometrical heat storage capacity relationship that: the first cavity heat storage capacity (201) > the second cavity heat storage capacity (202) > the third cavity (203).
6. The mold system for turning over a directionally cooled cast molding apparatus as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the projection relation of the second sand mold cavity (202) and the third sand mold cavity (203) in the gravity direction is as follows: the projection of the second sand mold cavity is positioned in the center of the projection of the third sand mold cavity, and the projection range of the second sand mold cavity is smaller than that of the third sand mold cavity.
7. The mold system for turning over a directionally cooled cast molding apparatus as claimed in claim 4, wherein: and a height-adjusting cushion block (5) is arranged between the second chilling mould (4) and the upper layer platform (101).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011599869.4A CN112743065A (en) | 2020-12-29 | 2020-12-29 | Mold system for overturning directional cooling casting forming device |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202011599869.4A CN112743065A (en) | 2020-12-29 | 2020-12-29 | Mold system for overturning directional cooling casting forming device |
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| CN112743065A true CN112743065A (en) | 2021-05-04 |
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| CN202011599869.4A Pending CN112743065A (en) | 2020-12-29 | 2020-12-29 | Mold system for overturning directional cooling casting forming device |
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| CN115365462A (en) * | 2022-08-31 | 2022-11-22 | 西安建筑科技大学 | Smelting device and method for alloy containing volatile elements |
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Application publication date: 20210504 |
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