CN112743047B - Sand core clamp for clamping lightweight axle sand core and automatic core-setting robot - Google Patents
Sand core clamp for clamping lightweight axle sand core and automatic core-setting robot Download PDFInfo
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- CN112743047B CN112743047B CN202011515016.8A CN202011515016A CN112743047B CN 112743047 B CN112743047 B CN 112743047B CN 202011515016 A CN202011515016 A CN 202011515016A CN 112743047 B CN112743047 B CN 112743047B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C9/00—Moulds or cores; Moulding processes
- B22C9/10—Cores; Manufacture or installation of cores
- B22C9/103—Multipart cores
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C9/00—Moulds or cores; Moulding processes
- B22C9/10—Cores; Manufacture or installation of cores
- B22C9/108—Installation of cores
Abstract
The invention provides a lightweight axle sand core, a sand core clamp and an automatic core setting robot. The metal core rod is arranged in the middle of the axle sand core, so that the overall structural strength of the sand core is improved, the material reduction cavity is arranged in the middle expansion part of the sand core, the quality of the sand core is greatly reduced, and the light weight of the axle sand core is realized; the air expansion shaft jacks are arranged in the middle positions of the sand cores, and when the axle sand cores are clamped by the sand core clamp, the air expansion shafts of the sand core clamp stretch into the air expansion shaft jacks and expand tightly, so that the attaching and clamping effects on the middle positions of the axle sand cores are improved, the axle sand cores are prevented from deforming in the transferring process, and the casting quality is ensured; the automatic core setting robot adopts the linear transmission device and the transfer robot to automatically complete the core setting operation, the position precision of the sand core in the lower casting forming die is high, the intelligent level of factory casting is improved, and the production efficiency is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of intelligent casting, in particular to a lightweight axle sand core and sand core clamp and an automatic core setting robot.
Background
The sand core is mainly used for forming an inner hole and a cavity of a casting, and the sand core is required to be manufactured firstly and then placed into a lower die of a casting die (the process is called core setting for short) in the casting process. At present, core setting operation is mainly carried out manually, a crown block is usually adopted to hoist and mount a large sand mold of a large casting, the labor intensity of operators is high, the production efficiency is low, and the placement precision of sand cores is not high. For an axle casting, cavities at two ends are slender, a cavity at the middle position is larger, the two ends of the axle sand core are slender, the middle position is expanded roughly, the middle position is heavier, and when the axle sand core is hoisted, the middle part is easy to deform and even cause damage to the axle sand core.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a light axle sand core and sand core clamp and an automatic core setting robot.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: a lightweight axle sand core and sand core clamp comprising:
the lightweight axle sand core comprises a sand core base body, the appearance of the sand core base body is matched with the inner cavity of an axle casting, a metal core rod along the length direction of the sand core base body is inserted into the sand core base body, an annular lip is arranged on the bottom surface of an expanded part in the middle of the sand core base body, when the lightweight axle sand core is placed into a lower die of a casting die, the bottom surface of the annular lip is in sand mold contact with the lower die, the outer diameter of the annular lip is consistent with the inner diameter of an opening in the middle of the axle casting, a material reducing cavity extending inwards from the annular lip is arranged inside the expanded part in the middle of the sand core base body, and a sand rib is arranged inside the material reducing cavity; the left end of the sand core base body is provided with a left positioning hole with an upward opening, the right end of the sand core base body is provided with a right positioning hole with an upward opening, and the middle position of the sand core base body is also provided with an inflatable shaft insertion hole with an upward opening;
the sand core clamp is used for clamping the lightweight axle sand core and comprises a main base plate, an inflatable shaft, a left positioning guide rod, a left clamping mechanism, a right positioning guide rod and a right clamping mechanism, wherein the left positioning guide rod and the right positioning guide rod are respectively matched with a left positioning hole and a right positioning hole of the lightweight axle sand core, the inflatable shaft is matched with an inflatable shaft jack at the middle position of the lightweight axle sand core, the left clamping mechanism is used for clamping the left side of the lightweight axle sand core, and the right clamping mechanism is used for clamping the right side of the lightweight axle sand core.
By adopting the technical scheme of the invention, the metal core rod is arranged in the middle of the axle sand core, so that the overall structural strength of the sand core is improved, the material reducing cavity is arranged in the middle enlarged part of the sand core, the quality of the sand core is greatly reduced, and the light weight of the axle sand core is realized; the sand core middle position sets up physiosis axle jack, and when adopting the psammitolite anchor clamps centre gripping axle psammitolite, the physiosis axle of psammitolite anchor clamps stretches into physiosis axle jack and expands tightly, has promoted the centre gripping effect of adhering to axle psammitolite middle position, prevents that the axle psammitolite from transferring the deformation of in-process, ensures the foundry goods quality.
Further, the left clamping mechanism comprises a first air cylinder, a first suspension, a second suspension, four first horizontal guide shafts arranged in parallel, a first left clamping claw and a second left clamping claw, wherein the first horizontal guide shafts are arranged on the upper surface of the left side of the main base plate through a support, the first horizontal guide shafts are arranged in parallel along the front-back direction, the first suspension and the second suspension form a square frame structure, the first suspension is arranged on the two first horizontal guide shafts through a shaft sleeve, the second suspension is arranged on the other two first horizontal guide shafts through a shaft sleeve, the first suspension and the second suspension are arranged in parallel, an opening for avoiding the first suspension and the second suspension to move is formed in the main base plate, the first suspension and the second suspension penetrate through the upper surface and the lower surface of the main base plate, a cylinder body and a telescopic rod of the first air cylinder are respectively connected with the first suspension and the second suspension, the first left clamping claw is arranged on the first suspension, the second left clamping claw is arranged on the second suspension, and the first air cylinder drives the first suspension and the second suspension to move so as to drive the first left clamping claw and the second left clamping claw to clamp and separate with and from the front and back of the left side of the sand core; the right clamping mechanism comprises a second air cylinder, a third suspension, two second horizontal guide shafts and two right clamping claws, the second horizontal guide shafts are mounted on the upper surface of the right side of the main base plate through a support, the second horizontal guide shafts are arranged in parallel along the left-right direction, the third suspension is of a square frame structure, the third suspension is mounted on the two second horizontal guide shafts through a shaft sleeve, an opening for avoiding the third suspension to move is formed in the main base plate, the third suspension penetrates through the upper surface and the lower surface of the main base plate, a cylinder body of the second air cylinder is fixedly mounted on the upper surface of the main base plate, a telescopic rod of the second air cylinder is connected with the third suspension, and the second air cylinder drives the third suspension to move along the second horizontal guide shafts so as to drive the two right clamping claws to clamp and separate from the right side of the sand core.
By adopting the preferable scheme, the position precision is improved, and the sand core is grabbed more quickly and stably.
Furthermore, a screw rod capable of adjusting the extension length to regulate the action stroke of the first cylinder is mounted on the support of the first horizontal guide shaft, and a screw rod capable of adjusting the extension length to regulate the action stroke of the second cylinder is mounted on the support of the second horizontal guide shaft.
Adopt above-mentioned preferred scheme, conveniently according to different psammitolites, adjust the different opening and closing stroke of gripper jaw.
An automatic core setting robot comprises a first station for hoisting a sand core, a second station for grabbing the sand core and a third station for placing the sand core into a lower die, wherein a linear transmission device is arranged between the first station and the second station, and a gantry truss and a transfer robot are arranged between the second station and the third station; the linear transmission device comprises a transmission guide rail, a translation driving mechanism and a transmission plate, wherein the translation driving mechanism drives the transmission plate to move between a first station and a second station along the transmission guide rail; the transfer robot comprises an X-axis moving mechanism, a Y-axis moving mechanism, a Z-axis moving mechanism and a rotating mechanism, wherein a base of the Y-axis moving mechanism is installed on a gantry truss, a base of the X-axis moving mechanism is installed on a moving beam of the Y-axis moving mechanism, a base of the Z-axis moving mechanism is vertically installed on a moving block of the X-axis moving mechanism, a base of the rotating mechanism is installed on a lifting block of the Z-axis moving mechanism, a first quick-connection mounting frame is installed below a rotary table of the rotating mechanism, and an upper chuck is installed on the bottom surface of the first quick-connection mounting frame; the sand core quick-connection device is characterized by further comprising a floating plate, a sand core mould, a clamp supporting frame, a sand core clamp and a second quick-connection mounting frame, wherein the floating plate is placed on the upper surface of the transmission plate, a first positioning structure is arranged between the floating plate and the floating plate, the sand core mould is installed on the upper surface of the floating plate, a second positioning structure is arranged between the sand core mould and the floating plate, the sand core mould and the floating plate are detachably connected through a locking piece, the clamp supporting frame is placed on the upper surface of the floating plate, a third positioning structure is arranged between the floating plate and the floating plate, the sand core clamp is placed above the clamp supporting frame, a fourth positioning structure is arranged between the clamp supporting frame and the clamp supporting frame, the second quick-connection mounting frame is installed on the upper surface of a main base plate of the sand core clamp, a fifth positioning structure is arranged between the bottom surface of the second quick-connection mounting frame and the sand core clamp, and the second quick-connection mounting frame and the sand core clamp are detachably connected through the locking piece, a sixth positioning structure is arranged between the top surface of the second quick-connection mounting frame and the first quick-connection mounting frame, a lower chuck is further arranged on the top surface of the second quick-connection mounting frame, and the lower chuck is matched with the upper chuck in a clamping manner; the sand core clamp comprises a main base plate, an inflatable shaft, a left positioning guide rod, a left clamping mechanism, a right positioning guide rod and a right clamping mechanism, wherein the left positioning guide rod and the right positioning guide rod are respectively matched with a left positioning hole and a right positioning hole of a sand core, the inflatable shaft is matched with an inflatable shaft jack at the middle position of the sand core, the left clamping mechanism is used for clamping the left side of the sand core, and the right clamping mechanism is used for clamping the right side of the sand core.
By adopting the technical scheme, the core setting operation can be automatically completed only by hoisting the sand core from the sand core warehouse to the sand core mould at the first station and by the linear transmission device and the transfer robot, and the position of the sand core in the lower casting forming die is accurate and stable; the supporting positioning structure of the floating plate, the sand core mould, the clamp support frame, the sand core clamp and the second quick-connection mounting frame ensures that the sand core clamp can be quickly and stably installed and replaced, and the production efficiency is greatly improved.
Furthermore, balls are arranged between the transmission plate and the floating plate, and a first positioning structure between the transmission plate and the floating plate is provided with a floating gap along the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction on the horizontal plane.
By adopting the preferred scheme, the moving gap can eliminate the position deviation between the sand core and the sand core clamp on the transmission plate, so that the left positioning guide rod and the right positioning guide rod are conveniently aligned and matched with the left positioning hole and the right positioning hole of the sand core, and the sand core can be reliably grabbed.
Furthermore, the sand core mould comprises a mould base plate and a plurality of mould baffles, wherein the mould baffles are detachably mounted on the mould base plate through locking parts, and the sand core is placed on the mould base plate and is limited in position through the mould baffles.
Furthermore, a plurality of threaded holes which are used for installing the mould baffle and are suitable for sand cores of different sizes are formed in the mould base plate, and a print which is used for indicating the installation position of the mould baffle is arranged on the mould base plate.
By adopting the preferable scheme, the mould baffle is convenient to replace or change positions according to the sand core, and the universality of the sand core mould is improved.
Further, the anchor clamps support frame includes four support columns, connects the connection crossbeam between the support column and connects the floor between support column and connection crossbeam, it is located the lower part position of support column to connect the crossbeam, the support column is located the outside of mould bottom plate, it is located the outside of mould bottom plate or the top of mould bottom plate to connect the crossbeam.
Adopt above-mentioned preferred scheme, the psammitolite mould of its below is effectively avoided to the anchor clamps support frame, ensures to place all to get into tool warehouse on the floating plate and store up the arrangement at a whole set of tool.
Further, the sand core plugging device comprises a plugging piece filling device for plugging a physiosis shaft jack at the middle position of a sand core, wherein the plugging piece filling device comprises a translation mechanism, a lifting mechanism, a plugging piece storage frame, a horizontal pushing mechanism and a pressing mechanism, the translation mechanism is installed at one end, far away from a second station, of the gantry truss, a base of the lifting mechanism is installed on a moving part of the translation mechanism, the plugging piece storage frame is installed on a lifting part of the lifting mechanism, a plurality of plugging piece placing cylinders which are arranged in parallel are detachably and vertically installed on the plugging piece storage frame, a horizontal plugging piece channel which is horizontally arranged and a vertical plugging piece channel which is communicated with one end of the horizontal plugging piece channel are arranged at the bottom of the plugging piece storage frame, and after each plugging piece placing cylinder is placed on the plugging piece storage frame, a lower opening of each plugging piece placing cylinder is opened and is communicated with the horizontal plugging piece channel, the horizontal pushing mechanism is installed on the horizontal channel of the plug and is far away from one end opening of the vertical channel of the plug, the push rod of the horizontal pushing mechanism is arranged in the horizontal channel of the plug, the pressing mechanism is installed above the vertical channel of the plug, and the push rod of the pressing mechanism is arranged in the vertical channel of the plug.
By adopting the preferable scheme, the inflatable shaft is adopted to expand and clamp the sand core in the middle of the sand core, so that the clamping force on the middle position of the sand core can be improved, and the deformation in the middle of the sand core is prevented. But some psammitolite intermediate positions can influence the structural molding of foundry goods after seting up the physiosis axle jack, through stifled piece filling device after lower core is accomplished, adopt stifled piece shutoff physiosis axle jack automatically, ensure that the foundry goods is stably fashioned. Each plug placing cylinder of the plug storage rack can be independently taken out and installed, and the plug can be conveniently supplemented without stopping.
Further, still be equipped with the sensor that is used for detecting in each piece places a section of thick bamboo that piece lacks the material on the piece storage rack.
By adopting the preferred scheme, the automatic control is conveniently realized, and the supplement of the plugging material is timely reminded.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of one embodiment of the lightweight axle sand core of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of one embodiment of the lightweight axle sand core of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a bottom view of one embodiment of the lightweight axle core of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic top view of one embodiment of the sand core clamp of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the configuration of the bottom surface of one embodiment of the sand core clamp of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of a sand core clamp clamping a lightweight axle sand core;
FIG. 7 is a perspective view of one embodiment of the automatic coring robot of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a front view of one embodiment of the automatic coring robot of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a right side view of one embodiment of the automatic coring robot of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a view showing the combination of the jig for a sand core;
FIG. 11 is a schematic structural view of the floating plate;
FIG. 12 is a schematic view of the combination of the float plate and sand core mold;
FIG. 13 is a schematic view of the combination of the float plate, sand core mold and clamp support;
FIG. 14 is a schematic illustration of a sand core being placed on a sand core mold after the clamp support frame is removed;
FIG. 15 is a schematic structural diagram of another embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 16 is a partial schematic view of a closure filling device.
Names of corresponding parts represented by numerals and letters in the drawings:
11-a first station; 12-a second station; 13-a third station; 14-lower mould assembly line; 15-an upper mould assembly line; 20-a linear transport device; 30-a gantry truss; 40-a transplanting robot; 41-X axis moving mechanism; a 42-Y axis moving mechanism; a 43-Z axis moving mechanism; 44-a rotation mechanism; 45-a first quick-connect mounting; 51-a floating plate; 52-sand core mold; 521-a mould base plate; 522-mould baffle; 53-a jig support; 531-support column; 532-connecting the cross beam; 533-ribbed plate; 54-a second quick-connect mount; 541-a lower chuck; 542-a sixth positioning structure; 55-a first positioning structure; 56-a second positioning structure; 57-a third positioning structure; 58-a fourth positioning structure; 59-a fifth positioning structure; 60-a sand core clamp; 61-main substrate; 62-an inflatable shaft; 63-left positioning guide rod; 64-left clamping mechanism; 641-a first cylinder; 642-first suspension; 643 — a second suspension; 644 — first horizontal guide shaft; 645 — first left gripper jaw; 646-a second left gripper jaw; 647-screw; 65-right positioning guide rod; 66-right clamping mechanism; 661-a second cylinder; 662-a third suspension; 663-second horizontal guide shaft; 664-right gripper jaw; 70-lightweight axle sand cores; 71-left locating hole; 72-right positioning hole; 73-inflatable shaft insertion hole; 74-Sand core matrix; 75-a metal core rod; 76-annular lip; 77-reduction of material cavities; 78-sand ribs; 80-a plug filling device; 83-a closure storage rack; 831-horizontal passage of the plug; 832-vertical channel of plug; 84-a horizontal pushing mechanism; 85-a pressing mechanism; 86-a plug placement barrel; 87-plug.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1-6, one embodiment of the present invention is: a lightweight axle sand core and sand core clamp comprising:
the lightweight axle sand core 70 comprises a sand core base body 74, the shape of the sand core base body is matched with the inner cavity of an axle casting, a metal core rod 75 along the length direction of the sand core base body is inserted into the sand core base body 74, an annular lip 76 is arranged on the bottom surface of an expanded part in the middle of the sand core base body, when the lightweight axle sand core is placed into a lower die of a casting die, the bottom surface of the annular lip 76 is in sand mold contact with the lower die, the outer diameter of the annular lip 76 is consistent with the inner diameter of an opening in the middle of the axle casting, a material reducing cavity 77 extending inwards from the annular lip is arranged in the expanded part in the middle of the sand core base body, and a sand rib 78 is arranged in the material reducing cavity 77; a left positioning hole 71 with an upward opening is formed in the left end of the sand core base body, a right positioning hole 72 with an upward opening is formed in the right end of the sand core base body, and an inflatable shaft insertion hole 73 with an upward opening is formed in the middle of the sand core base body;
the sand core clamp 60 is used for clamping a light-weight axle sand core 70, the sand core clamp 60 comprises a main base plate 61, an air expansion shaft 62, a left positioning guide rod 63, a left clamping mechanism 64, a right positioning guide rod 65 and a right clamping mechanism 66, the left positioning guide rod 63 and the right positioning guide rod 65 are respectively matched with a left positioning hole 71 and a right positioning hole 72 of the light-weight axle sand core 70, the air expansion shaft 62 is matched with an air expansion shaft jack 73 in the middle position of the sand core, the left clamping mechanism 64 is used for clamping the left side of the sand core, and the right clamping mechanism 66 is used for clamping the right side of the sand core.
The beneficial effect of adopting above-mentioned technical scheme is: the metal core rod is arranged in the middle of the axle sand core, so that the overall structural strength of the sand core is improved, the material reduction cavity is arranged in the middle expansion part of the sand core, the quality of the sand core is greatly reduced, and the light weight of the axle sand core is realized; the sand core middle position sets up physiosis axle jack, and when adopting the psammitolite anchor clamps centre gripping axle psammitolite, the physiosis axle of psammitolite anchor clamps stretches into physiosis axle jack and expands tightly, has promoted the centre gripping effect of adhering to axle psammitolite middle position, prevents that the axle psammitolite from transferring the deformation of in-process, ensures the foundry goods quality.
As shown in fig. 4 to 6, in another embodiment of the present invention, the left clamping mechanism 64 includes a first cylinder 641, a first suspension 642, a second suspension 643, four first horizontal guide shafts 644 arranged in parallel, a first left clamping claw 645 and a second left clamping claw 646, the first horizontal guide shafts 644 are mounted on the left upper surface of the main base plate 61 via brackets, the first horizontal guide shafts 644 are arranged in parallel in the front-rear direction, the first suspension 642 and the second suspension 643 are formed in a square frame structure, the first suspension 642 is mounted on the two first horizontal guide shafts 644 via bushings, the second suspension 643 is mounted on the other two first horizontal guide shafts 644 via bushings, the first suspension 642 and the second suspension 643 are arranged in parallel, an opening for avoiding the movement of the first suspension and the second suspension is provided on the main base plate 61, the first suspension 642 and the second suspension 643 are provided through the upper and lower surfaces of the main base plate, the cylinder body and the telescopic rod of the first air cylinder 641 are respectively connected with a first suspension 642 and a second suspension 643, the first left clamping claw 645 is installed on the first suspension 642, the second left clamping claw 645 is installed on the second suspension 643, and the first air cylinder 641 drives the first suspension 642 and the second suspension 643 to move so as to drive the first left clamping claw 645 and the second left clamping claw 646 to clamp and separate with and from the front and back of the left side of the sand core; the right clamping mechanism 66 comprises a second air cylinder 661, a third suspension 662, two second horizontal guide shafts 663 and two right clamping claws 664, the second horizontal guide shafts 663 are mounted on the upper right side surface of the main base plate 61 through a support, the second horizontal guide shafts 663 are arranged in parallel in the left-right direction, the third suspension 662 is of a square frame structure, the third suspension 662 is mounted on the two second horizontal guide shafts 663 through a shaft sleeve, an opening for avoiding the third suspension to move is formed in the main base plate 61, the third suspension 662 penetrates through the upper surface and the lower surface of the main base plate, the cylinder body of the second air cylinder 661 is fixedly mounted on the upper surface of the main base plate 61, the telescopic rod of the second air cylinder 661 is connected with the third suspension 662, the second air cylinder 661 drives the third suspension 662 to move along the second horizontal guide shafts 663, and then the two right clamping claws 664 are driven to clamp and separate from the right side of the sand core. The beneficial effect of adopting above-mentioned technical scheme is: the position precision is improved, and the sand core is grabbed more quickly and stably.
In other embodiments of the present invention, as shown in fig. 4, a screw 647 with an adjustable extension length is mounted on the support of the first horizontal guide shaft to control the actuation stroke of the first cylinder, and a screw 647 with an adjustable extension length is mounted on the support of the second horizontal guide shaft to control the actuation stroke of the second cylinder. The beneficial effect of adopting above-mentioned technical scheme is: the different opening and closing strokes of the clamping jaw can be adjusted conveniently according to different sand cores.
As shown in fig. 1-14, one embodiment of the present invention is: an automatic core setting robot comprises a first station 11 for hoisting a sand core, a second station 12 for grabbing the sand core and a third station 13 for placing the sand core into a lower die, wherein a linear transmission device 20 is arranged between the first station and the second station, and a gantry truss 30 and a transfer robot 40 are arranged between the second station and the third station; the linear transmission device 20 comprises a transmission guide rail, a translation driving mechanism and a transmission plate, wherein the translation driving mechanism drives the transmission plate to move between a first station and a second station along the transmission guide rail; the transfer robot 40 comprises an X-axis moving mechanism 41, a Y-axis moving mechanism 42, a Z-axis moving mechanism 43 and a rotating mechanism 44, wherein the base of the Y-axis moving mechanism 42 is installed on the gantry truss 30, the base of the X-axis moving mechanism 41 is installed on a moving beam of the Y-axis moving mechanism 42, the base of the Z-axis moving mechanism 43 is vertically installed on a moving block of the X-axis moving mechanism 41, the base of the rotating mechanism 44 is installed on a lifting block of the Z-axis moving mechanism 43, a first quick-connection mounting rack 45 is installed below a turntable of the rotating mechanism 44, and an upper chuck is installed on the bottom surface of the first quick-connection mounting rack 45; the sand core clamp comprises a floating plate 51, a sand core clamping fixture 52, a clamp supporting frame 53, a sand core clamp 60 and a second quick-connection mounting frame 54, wherein the floating plate 51 is placed on the upper surface of the transmission plate, a first positioning structure 55 is arranged between the floating plate and the floating plate, the sand core clamping fixture 52 is installed on the upper surface of the floating plate 51, a second positioning structure 56 is arranged between the sand core clamping fixture 52 and the floating plate 51, the sand core clamping fixture and the floating plate are detachably connected through a locking part, the clamp supporting frame 53 is placed on the upper surface of the floating plate 51, a third positioning structure 57 is arranged between the floating plate and the floating plate 51, the sand core clamp 60 is placed above the clamp supporting frame 53, a fourth positioning structure 58 is arranged between the sand core clamping fixture and the clamp supporting frame 53, the second quick-connection mounting frame 54 is installed on the upper surface of a main base plate of the sand core clamp 60, a fifth positioning structure 59 is arranged between the bottom surface of the second quick-connection mounting frame 54 and the sand core clamp 60, and the sand core clamp and the sand core is detachably connected through the locking part, a sixth positioning structure 542 is arranged between the top surface of the second quick-connection mounting frame 54 and the first quick-connection mounting frame 45, a lower chuck 541 is further arranged on the top surface of the second quick-connection mounting frame 54, and the lower chuck 541 is engaged with the upper chuck (not shown in the figure).
The beneficial effect of adopting above-mentioned technical scheme is: the core setting operation can be automatically completed only by hoisting the sand core from the sand core warehouse to the sand core mould of the first station through the linear transmission device and the transfer robot, and the position of the sand core in the lower casting forming die is accurate and stable; the supporting positioning structure of the floating plate, the sand core mould, the clamp support frame, the sand core clamp and the second quick-connection mounting frame ensures that the sand core clamp can be quickly and stably installed and replaced, and the production efficiency is greatly improved.
In other embodiments of the present invention, a ball is disposed between the transfer plate and the floating plate, and the first positioning structure between the transfer plate and the floating plate has a play gap in the X-axis and Y-axis directions in a horizontal plane. The moving gap can eliminate the position deviation between the sand core and the sand core clamp on the transmission plate, so that the left positioning guide rod and the right positioning guide rod are conveniently aligned and matched with the left positioning hole and the right positioning hole of the sand core, and the sand core can be reliably grabbed.
In other embodiments of the invention, as shown in fig. 12 and 14, sand core mold 52 includes a mold base plate 521 and a plurality of mold baffles 522, mold baffles 522 are removably mounted to mold base plate 522 via locking members, and lightweight axle sand core 70 is placed on mold base plate 521 and is retained in position by mold baffles 522. The mold base plate 521 is provided with a plurality of threaded holes for mounting the mold baffle 522, which are adapted to sand cores of different sizes, and a print for indicating the mounting position of the mold baffle. The mould baffle is convenient to replace or change positions according to the sand core, and the universality of the sand core mould is improved.
In other embodiments of the present invention, as shown in fig. 12 and 13, the clamp support 53 includes four support columns 531, connecting beams 532 connected between the support columns, and rib plates 533 connected between the support columns and the connecting beams, the connecting beams 532 are located at lower positions of the support columns 531, the support columns 531 are located at outer sides of the tire bottom plate 521, and the connecting beams 532 are located at outer sides or upper sides of the tire bottom plate 521. The clamp support frame effectively avoids a sand core mould below the clamp support frame, and ensures that a whole set of tools can be placed on the floating plate and enter a tool warehouse for storage and arrangement.
As shown in fig. 6, the sand core is clamped by expanding the air expansion shaft 62 in the middle of the sand core, so that the clamping force on the middle position of the sand core can be improved, the middle deformation of the sand core is prevented, but the structural molding of a casting is affected after the air expansion shaft insertion holes are formed in the middle positions of some sand cores, and the air expansion shaft insertion holes are required to be filled and sealed before molding. As shown in fig. 15 and 16, in other embodiments of the present invention, the present invention further comprises a plug filling device 80 for plugging the flatting shaft insertion hole at the middle position of the sand core, the plug filling device 80 comprises a translation mechanism, a lifting mechanism, a plug storage rack 83, a horizontal pushing mechanism 84 and a pressing mechanism 85, the translation mechanism is installed at one end of the gantry truss 30 far away from the second station, a base of the lifting mechanism is installed on a moving part of the translation mechanism, the plug storage rack 83 is installed on a lifting part of the lifting mechanism, a plurality of plug placing cylinders 86 arranged in parallel are detachably and vertically installed on the plug storage rack 83, plugs 87 matched with the flatting shaft insertion holes 73 on the sand core are stacked and placed in the plug placing cylinders 86, a horizontal plug passage 831 arranged horizontally and a vertical plug passage 832 communicated with one end of the horizontal plug passage 832 are arranged at the bottom of the plug storage rack 83, after each plug placing cylinder 86 is placed on the plug storage rack 83, the lower opening of the plug placing cylinder 86 is opened and communicated with a plug horizontal channel 831, a horizontal pushing mechanism 84 is installed on the plug horizontal channel and is far away from one end opening of the plug vertical channel, a push rod of the horizontal pushing mechanism 84 moves in the plug horizontal channel 831, a pressing mechanism 85 is installed above the plug vertical channel 832, and the push rod of the pressing mechanism 85 moves in the plug vertical channel 832. After the lower core is completed through the plug filling device, the plug is automatically adopted to plug the jack of the air expansion shaft, so that the stable molding of the casting is ensured. Each plug placing cylinder of the plug storage rack can be independently taken out and installed, and the plug can be conveniently supplemented without stopping.
The automatic core setting method is described as follows, comprising the following steps:
step 1, mounting of a sand core clamp: according to the type of the sand core, the matched jig in the jig warehouse is taken out of the warehouse and comprises a floating plate, a sand core clamping fixture, a fixture supporting frame, a sand core fixture and a second quick-connection mounting frame which are arranged in an overlapped mode, the sand core clamping fixture is fixedly mounted on the floating plate through a locking piece, the sand core fixture and the second quick-connection mounting frame are fixedly mounted through the locking piece, the matched jig is hoisted and placed on a transmission plate of a linear transmission device, the linear transmission device moves the matched jig to a second station, a transfer robot acts to place a first quick-connection mounting frame below the transfer robot in an aligned mode on the second quick-connection mounting frame, an upper chuck of the first quick-connection mounting frame and a lower chuck of the second quick-connection mounting frame are quickly locked, a transfer robot drives the first quick-connection mounting frame, the second quick-connection mounting frame and the sand core fixture to synchronously move upwards, the floating plate, the sand core clamping fixture and the fixture supporting frame are driven by the linear transmission device to move back to the first station, the fixture support frame is lifted away from the floating plate and is temporarily placed at the vacant position of the edge of the wire body;
step 2, hoisting the sand core: taking the sand core out of the sand core warehouse and lifting and placing the sand core on a sand core mould;
step 3, setting the sand core: the sand core is moved to a second station from a first station by a linear transmission device, the sand core is picked up from a sand core clamp by matching a transfer robot and the sand core clamp, the sand core is moved to a third station from the second station and placed in a lower die of a casting forming line, a plug filling device fills a plug into an inflatable shaft inserting hole in the middle position of the sand core, and after the sand core is separated from the sand core clamp, the linear transmission device moves a sand core mould back to the first station from the second station;
step 4, repeating the step 2 and the step 3 according to production requirements until the core setting of the sand core is finished completely;
The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical concept and features of the present invention, and the purpose thereof is to enable those skilled in the art to understand the content of the present invention and implement the present invention, and not to limit the scope of the present invention, and all equivalent changes or modifications made according to the spirit of the present invention should be covered in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A sand core clamp is characterized in that the sand core clamp is used for clamping a lightweight axle sand core,
the lightweight axle sand core comprises a sand core base body, the shape of the sand core base body is matched with that of an inner cavity of an axle casting, a metal core rod along the length direction of the sand core base body is inserted into the sand core base body, an annular lip is arranged on the bottom surface of an expansion part in the middle of the sand core base body, when the lightweight axle sand core is placed into a lower die of a casting die, the bottom surface of the annular lip is in sand mold contact with the lower die, the outer diameter of the annular lip is consistent with the inner diameter of an opening in the middle of the axle casting, a material reducing cavity extending inwards from the annular lip is arranged inside the expansion part in the middle of the sand core base body, and a sand rib is arranged inside the material reducing cavity; the left end of the sand core base body is provided with a left positioning hole with an upward opening, the right end of the sand core base body is provided with a right positioning hole with an upward opening, and the middle position of the sand core base body is also provided with an inflatable shaft insertion hole with an upward opening;
the sand core clamp comprises a main base plate, an inflatable shaft, a left positioning guide rod, a left clamping mechanism, a right positioning guide rod and a right clamping mechanism, wherein the left positioning guide rod and the right positioning guide rod are respectively matched with a left positioning hole and a right positioning hole of the lightweight axle sand core; the left clamping mechanism of the sand core clamp comprises a first air cylinder, a first suspension, a second suspension, four first horizontal guide shafts, a first left clamping jaw and a second left clamping jaw, wherein the first horizontal guide shafts are arranged on the upper surface of the left side of a main base plate in parallel through a support, the first horizontal guide shafts are arranged in parallel along the front-back direction, the first suspension and the second suspension form a square frame structure, the first suspension is arranged on the two first horizontal guide shafts through a shaft sleeve, the second suspension is arranged on the other two first horizontal guide shafts through a shaft sleeve, the first suspension and the second suspension are arranged in parallel, an opening for avoiding the first suspension and the second suspension to move is formed in the main base plate, the first suspension and the second suspension penetrate through the upper surface and the lower surface of the main base plate, and a cylinder body and a telescopic rod of the first air cylinder are respectively connected with the first suspension and the second suspension, the first left clamping jaw is mounted on the first suspension, the second left clamping jaw is mounted on the second suspension, and the first cylinder drives the first suspension and the second suspension to move so as to drive the first left clamping jaw and the second left clamping jaw to clamp and separate with the left side of the lightweight axle sand core front and back; the right clamping mechanism comprises a second cylinder, a third suspension, two second horizontal guide shafts and two right clamping claws, the second horizontal guide shafts are mounted on the upper surface of the right side of the main base plate through a support, the second horizontal guide shafts are arranged in parallel in the left-right direction, the third suspension is of a square frame structure, the third suspension is mounted on the two second horizontal guide shafts through a shaft sleeve, an opening for avoiding the third suspension to move is formed in the main base plate, the third suspension penetrates through the upper surface and the lower surface of the main base plate, a cylinder body of the second cylinder is fixedly mounted on the upper surface of the main base plate, a telescopic rod of the second cylinder is connected with the third suspension, the second cylinder drives the third suspension to move along the second horizontal guide shafts, and then the two right clamping claws and the right side of the axle lightweight sand core are driven to clamp and separate.
2. The sand core clamp as claimed in claim 1, wherein the first horizontal guide shaft has a support on which a screw rod is mounted for adjusting the extension length to adjust the stroke of the first cylinder, and the second horizontal guide shaft has a support on which a screw rod is mounted for adjusting the extension length to adjust the stroke of the second cylinder.
3. An automatic core setting robot is characterized by comprising a first station for hoisting a lightweight axle sand core, a second station for grabbing the lightweight axle sand core and a third station for placing the lightweight axle sand core into a lower die, wherein a linear transmission device is arranged between the first station and the second station, and a gantry truss and a transfer robot are arranged between the second station and the third station;
the linear transmission device comprises a transmission guide rail, a translation driving mechanism and a transmission plate, wherein the translation driving mechanism drives the transmission plate to move between a first station and a second station along the transmission guide rail;
the transfer robot comprises an X-axis moving mechanism, a Y-axis moving mechanism, a Z-axis moving mechanism and a rotating mechanism, wherein a base of the Y-axis moving mechanism is installed on a gantry truss, a base of the X-axis moving mechanism is installed on a moving beam of the Y-axis moving mechanism, a base of the Z-axis moving mechanism is vertically installed on a moving block of the X-axis moving mechanism, a base of the rotating mechanism is installed on a lifting block of the Z-axis moving mechanism, a first quick-connection mounting frame is installed below a rotary table of the rotating mechanism, and an upper chuck is installed on the bottom surface of the first quick-connection mounting frame;
the sand core clamp comprises a floating plate, a sand core mould, a clamp support frame, a second quick-connection mounting frame and the sand core clamp as claimed in claim 1, wherein the floating plate is placed on the upper surface of the transmission plate, a first positioning structure is arranged between the floating plate and the floating plate, the sand core mould is installed on the upper surface of the floating plate, a second positioning structure is arranged between the sand core mould and the floating plate, the sand core mould and the floating plate are detachably connected through a locking piece, the clamp support frame is placed on the upper surface of the floating plate, a third positioning structure is arranged between the floating plate and the floating plate, the sand core clamp is placed above the clamp support frame, a fourth positioning structure is arranged between the clamp support frame and the clamp support frame, the second quick-connection mounting frame is installed on the upper surface of a main base plate of the sand core clamp, a fifth positioning structure is arranged between the second quick-connection bottom surface and the sand core clamp, and the second quick-connection mounting frame and the sand core clamp are detachably connected through the locking piece, and a sixth positioning structure is arranged between the top surface of the second quick-connection mounting rack and the first quick-connection mounting rack, a lower chuck is further arranged on the top surface of the second quick-connection mounting rack, and the lower chuck is clamped with the upper chuck.
4. The automatic coring robot of claim 3, wherein a ball is disposed between the transfer plate and the floating plate, and the first positioning structure between the transfer plate and the floating plate has a play in the X-axis and Y-axis directions in a horizontal plane.
5. The automatic core setting robot of claim 4, wherein the sand core mold comprises a mold base plate and a plurality of mold baffles, the mold baffles are detachably mounted on the mold base plate through locking parts, and the sand core is placed on the mold base plate and the position of the sand core is limited through the mold baffles.
6. The automatic core setting robot as claimed in claim 5, wherein the mold base plate is provided with a plurality of threaded holes for mounting the mold guard and adapted to sand cores of different sizes, and a print for indicating the mounting position of the mold guard.
7. The automatic core setting robot of claim 6, wherein the clamp support frame comprises four support columns, a connecting beam connected between the support columns, and a rib plate connected between the support columns and the connecting beam, the connecting beam is located at a lower position of the support columns, the support columns are located at an outer side of the clamping fixture bottom plate, and the connecting beam is located at an outer side of the clamping fixture bottom plate or above the clamping fixture bottom plate.
8. The automatic core setting robot according to claim 7, further comprising a plug filling device for plugging a ballooning shaft jack at the middle position of the lightweight axle sand core, wherein the plug filling device comprises a translation mechanism, a lifting mechanism, a plug storage rack, a horizontal pushing mechanism and a pressing mechanism, the translation mechanism is installed at one end of the gantry truss far away from the second station, a base of the lifting mechanism is installed on a moving part of the translation mechanism, the plug storage rack is installed on a lifting part of the lifting mechanism, a plurality of plug placing cylinders which are arranged in parallel are detachably and vertically installed on the plug storage rack, a horizontal plug channel which is arranged horizontally and a vertical plug channel which is communicated with one end of the horizontal plug channel are arranged at the bottom of the plug storage rack, and after each plug placing cylinder is placed on the plug storage rack, the lower open-end of a section of thick bamboo is placed to stifled piece open and with stifled piece horizontal passage intercommunication, the flat push mechanism is installed keep away from on the stifled piece horizontal passage a port part of the vertical passageway of stifled piece, the push rod of flat push mechanism is in remove in the stifled piece horizontal passage, push down the mechanism and install the top of the vertical passageway of stifled piece, push down the push rod of mechanism and be in remove in the vertical passageway of stifled piece.
9. The automatic core setting robot of claim 8, wherein the plug storage rack is further provided with a sensor for detecting whether the plugs in each plug placement barrel are short of material.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011515016.8A CN112743047B (en) | 2020-12-21 | 2020-12-21 | Sand core clamp for clamping lightweight axle sand core and automatic core-setting robot |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011515016.8A CN112743047B (en) | 2020-12-21 | 2020-12-21 | Sand core clamp for clamping lightweight axle sand core and automatic core-setting robot |
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| CN112743047A CN112743047A (en) | 2021-05-04 |
| CN112743047B true CN112743047B (en) | 2022-03-08 |
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| CN113263147B (en) * | 2021-06-01 | 2022-12-20 | 象山联强汽车模具有限公司 | Automatic psammitolite transfer equipment |
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