CN112741714A

CN112741714A - Prosthesis capable of extending joint of lower limb

Info

Publication number: CN112741714A
Application number: CN202110076840.6A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 徐海荣; 李�远; 牛晓辉
Original assignee: Beijing Jishuitan Hospital
Current assignee: Beijing Jishuitan Hospital
Priority date: 2021-01-20
Filing date: 2021-01-20
Publication date: 2021-05-04
Anticipated expiration: 2041-01-20
Also published as: CN112741714B

Abstract

The application relates to a lower limb joint prosthesis capable of being extended, which relates to the field of medical instruments and comprises a femoral prosthesis, a tibial prosthesis and a tibial pad arranged between the femoral prosthesis and the tibial prosthesis, wherein one end, facing the tibial prosthesis, of the tibial pad is fixedly connected with an installation block, the upper end of the tibial prosthesis is provided with a containing groove for the installation block to be embedded in, the femoral prosthesis comprises a femoral section which is butted against the inner hollow part of the tibial pad and an extension section which is connected in an inner hole of the femoral section in a sliding way, and the extension section is positioned at one end, far away from the tibial pad, of; run through the relative both sides of thighbone section and seted up the mounting hole, install the dwang in the mounting hole, be provided with drive assembly between dwang and the extension section, drive assembly can drive the extension section through the rotation of dwang and slide in thighbone section hole in order to change thighbone prosthesis's length. The application has the effects of reducing the operation times required when the limbs are treated in different lengths and reducing the harm to people.

Description

Prosthesis capable of extending joint of lower limb

Technical Field

The application relates to the field of medical equipment, in particular to a prosthesis capable of extending a lower limb joint.

Background

After the tumor of the limb of the child is removed, the condition of unequal limb lengths can be caused along with the normal growth of the limb on one healthy side. At present, aiming at the condition of unequal limbs, when the limbs on two sides are different, surgical treatment is often needed.

At present, when an operation is performed, the limb at the tumor resection side needs to be operated, so that the length of the limb at the tumor resection side is consistent with that of the limb at the healthy side. At present, 3 operations are required to be performed in sequence when the operation is performed, the first operation is an external fixing frame, specifically, the external fixing frame is placed on the limb on one side of tumor resection, steel needles are put through the skin at the lower end of the femur and the upper end of the tibia of a human body, and then the end parts of the steel needles exposed outside the skin are connected through a connecting rod and a fixing clamp. Then the length of the external fixing frame is prolonged every day in the subsequent 2-3 months to stimulate the regeneration of human tissues and skin until the length of the limb at the tumor resection side is consistent with that of the limb at the healthy side, and a second operation is carried out. The second operation needs to dismantle the external fixing frame and install the temporary extensible lower limb joint prosthesis in the human body, and waits for the steel to recover from the loss of the muscle and the epidermis of the human body. Finally, the knee joint replacement operation is performed for the third time, so that the whole operation process is completed.

In view of the above-mentioned related technologies, the inventor believes that three operations are required to be performed when performing surgical treatment on limbs with unequal lengths, which results in great surgical injury.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to reduce the operation times required when treating unequal limb lengths and reduce the harm to people, the application provides a lower limb joint prosthesis capable of prolonging the length of the limb.

The application provides a can prolong lower limbs joint prosthesis adopts following technical scheme:

a lower limb joint prosthesis capable of being extended comprises a femoral prosthesis, a tibial prosthesis and a tibial pad arranged between the femoral prosthesis and the tibial prosthesis, wherein one end, facing the tibial prosthesis, of the tibial pad is fixedly connected with an installation block, the upper end of the tibial prosthesis is provided with a containing groove for the installation block to be embedded, the femoral prosthesis comprises a femoral section which is abutted against the inner hollow part of the tibial pad and an extension section which is connected in an inner hole of the femoral section in a sliding manner, and the extension section is positioned at one end, far away from the tibial pad, of the femoral section; run through the mounting hole has been seted up to the relative both sides of thighbone section, install the dwang in the mounting hole, the dwang with be provided with drive assembly between the extension section, drive assembly can pass through the rotation of dwang and drive the extension section is in slide in the thighbone section hole is in order to change thighbone prosthesis's length.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, when needs are to the unequal length operation treatment of limbs, can directly install the one end that the shin bone pad was kept away from to the thighbone false body on human thighbone, install the shin bone false body on human shin bone, then rotate the dwang, the dwang just can drive the extension section through drive assembly and slide in thighbone section hole, thereby change the length of thighbone false body, realize gradual extension thighbone false body's length, in order amazing tensile human tissue and skin regeneration, the limbs length that stretches up to tumour one side is unanimous with the limbs length of healthy one side, can accomplish the unequal length treatment of limbs, this false body also can direct mount in the human body, need not to carry out other operation again, only need once the operation just can. Compared with an external fixing frame, the external fixing frame does not need to put a steel needle on the human body through skin, so that the harm to people is greatly reduced; and the prosthesis is arranged in the human body, compared with the structure that the external fixing frame is exposed outside to influence the daily activities of the human body, the prosthesis is arranged in the human body without causing overlarge influence on the normal activities of the human body, and is more convenient to use.

Optionally, the transmission assembly includes a transmission rod rotatably connected in the inner hole of the femoral segment, and the transmission rod is in threaded connection with the extension segment.

By adopting the technical scheme, the transmission rod is rotated, and the transmission rod is in threaded connection with the extension section, so that the extension section can be driven to slide in the inner hole of the femoral section, and the length of the femoral prosthesis can be adjusted.

Optionally, the transmission assembly further comprises a transmission member arranged between the rotating rod and the transmission rod, and the rotating rod can drive the transmission rod to rotate through the transmission member.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, when rotating the dwang and rotating, rotate the piece and can drive the transfer line through the driving medium and rotate to the rotation that realizes passing through the dwang drives the extension section and slides in the hole of thighbone section.

Optionally, the driving medium includes the rigid coupling and is in driving gear and rigid coupling on the dwang are in the transfer line orientation the driven gear of dwang one end, the driving gear with driven gear meshing.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, when rotating the dwang, the driving gear on the dwang will drive driven gear and rotate to drive the transfer line rotation with driven gear rigid coupling.

Optionally, a driving assembly is arranged in the mounting hole and drives the rotating rod to slide in the mounting hole so as to change the meshing state of the driving gear and the driven gear.

By adopting the technical scheme, the rotating rod can be driven to slide in the mounting hole through the driving component, so that the driving gear is meshed with the driven gear, and the rotating rod drives the driving rod to rotate so as to change the length of the femoral prosthesis; or the rotating rod is driven by the driving assembly to slide in the mounting hole, so that the driving gear and the driven gear are disengaged, the driving rod cannot be driven to rotate by rotating the rotating rod, and the phenomenon that the length of the femoral prosthesis is changed due to the rotation of the rotating rod under the action of external force is avoided.

Optionally, the driving assembly includes a driving rod slidably connected in the mounting hole, a second force applying plate fixedly connected to one end of the driving rod, and a fixing member fixedly connected to the other end of the driving rod, and a jack for inserting the driving rod is formed at both ends opposite to the rotating rod, the driving rod is inserted into the jack and can drive the rotating rod to rotate, the fixing member includes a fixing member fixedly connected to the rotating rod and a fixing member fixedly connected to one end of the second force applying plate, the fixing member is connected to the fixing member and a first force applying plate, the first force applying plate is located at one side of the rotating rod, the second force applying plate is far away from the fixing rod, the length between the first force applying plate and the second force applying plate is greater than the length of the mounting hole, and the driving rod drives the rotating rod to slide in the mounting hole when sliding in the mounting hole, so as to drive the driving gear to be meshed with or separated from the driven gear.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, through pressing first application of force board, the drive pole just can drive the dwang and slide to second application of force board direction, and when pressing second application of force board, the drive pole just can drive the dwang and slide to first application of force board direction to change the position of dwang in the mounting hole, thereby change the position of driving gear, make driving gear and driven gear meshing or break away from the meshing.

Optionally, the thighbone section with be provided with the application of force subassembly between the dwang, the application of force subassembly passes through the thighbone false body and drives for the rotation of shin bone false body the dwang rotates.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, when the crooked knee of human body, femoral prosthesis will rotate for tibial prosthesis to can drive the dwang and rotate, it is more convenient when making to rotate the dwang.

Optionally, the force application assembly includes a force application column fixedly connected to the upper end of the tibial prosthesis, a force transmission cylinder is sleeved on the force application column, two opposite side walls of the force transmission cylinder are provided with driving holes for the driving rod to pass through, and the driving rod is in interference fit with the inner wall of the driving hole.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, can fix the position of driving pole and tibial prosthesis through passing a power section of thick bamboo, when people's crooked knee makes femoral prosthesis rotate for tibial prosthesis, drive the pole this moment and will rotate for femoral prosthesis to it is more convenient to drive the dwang for femoral prosthesis rotation, rotates the dwang.

Optionally, the diameter of the force application column gradually increases from one end close to the tibial prosthesis to one end far away from the tibial prosthesis, a gap is formed between one end of the force transmission cylinder facing the tibial prosthesis and each of the driving holes, an elastic pressing plate is formed in a part of the force transmission cylinder between the two gaps, and a fixing cylinder is sleeved on the force transmission cylinder.

By adopting the technical scheme, when the force transmission cylinder is sleeved on the force application column, the force application column can extrude the elastic pressing plate outwards to be smoothly inserted into the force transmission cylinder, after the force application column is inserted into the force transmission cylinder, the elastic pressing plate is clamped on the force application column under the action of self elasticity, the elastic pressing plate can be fixed between the inner hole of the fixed cylinder and the force application column through the arrangement of the fixed cylinder, and the force transmission cylinder is prevented from sliding off the force application column under the action of external force.

Optionally, the rotating rod and the driving rod are matched through a ratchet wheel and a pawl.

By adopting the technical scheme, the rotating rod is matched with the driving rod through the ratchet wheel and the pawl, so that when people squat or stand, the driving rod can drive the rotating rod to rotate towards one direction all the time, and the length of the femoral prosthesis is prolonged; when people stand or squat reversely, the driving rod can not drive the rotating rod to rotate reversely, so that the length of the femoral prosthesis can not be shortened, and normal operation treatment is not influenced.

In summary, the present application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

1. the sliding fit of the femoral segment and the extension segment enables the length of the femoral prosthesis to be adjusted, so that the stretching of the limb on one side of tumor resection can be met, the regeneration of human tissues and skin can be stimulated, the limb length on one side of tumor resection is finally enabled to be consistent with the limb length on one side of a healthy limb, the treatment of unequal limb length is realized, multiple times of operation treatment are not needed, the number of times of operation required during treatment is greatly reduced, and the operation injury is reduced. And a steel needle does not need to be put on the skin of the human body, thereby avoiding the contraction of the muscle of the human body caused by the influence of the steel needle and the pinhole scars on the surface of the skin, and greatly reducing the harm to people; the connecting rod and the fixing clamp do not need to be clamped outside the human body, so that the influence of the connecting rod and the fixing rack exposed outside on the beauty and daily life of people is avoided;

2. the force application component is arranged, so that when people squat or stand to drive the femoral prosthesis to rotate relative to the tibial prosthesis, the rotating rod can be driven to rotate, the length of the femoral prosthesis is adjusted, and the adjustment is more convenient;

3. drive between pole and the dwang through the ratchet pawl cooperation make when people squat or stand, the thighbone section can drive the dwang through driving the pole and rotate, and when people reverse stand or squat, the thighbone section will be unable to drive the dwang through driving the pole and rotate, avoids with thighbone prosthesis length adjustment back, when people reverse stand or squat, the extension section slides in the thighbone section and makes thighbone prosthesis retract.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present application.

Fig. 2 is a schematic sectional view of fig. 1 for showing the internal structure of the femoral prosthesis.

Fig. 3 is an enlarged schematic view at a in fig. 2.

Fig. 4 is a partially exploded view of the force applying assembly.

Fig. 5 is a schematic view for showing a driving relationship between the driving lever and the rotating lever.

Description of reference numerals: 1. a femoral prosthesis; 11. a femoral segment; 111. mounting holes; 112. rotating the groove; 12. an extension section; 121. a card slot; 122. a groove is embedded; 13. a fixed section; 131. a reinforcing groove; 2. a tibial prosthesis; 21. a containing groove; 3. a tibial pad; 31. mounting blocks; 32. avoiding holes; 4. rotating the rod; 41. a jack; 42. a ratchet wheel; 43. a pawl; 44. an abutting surface; 5. a transmission assembly; 51. a transmission rod; 511. a first snap ring; 512. a second snap ring; 52. a transmission member; 521. a driving gear; 522. a driven gear; 6. a driving component; 61. driving the rod; 62. a second force application plate; 621. a magnet layer; 622. a medical titanium alloy layer; 63. a fixing member; 631. fixing the rod; 632. a first force application plate; 7. a force application assembly; 71. a force application column; 72. a force transfer cylinder; 721. a drive aperture; 722. a gap; 723. an elastic pressure plate; 724. flanging; 73. a fixed cylinder; 731. a limiting groove.

Detailed Description

The present application is described in further detail below with reference to figures 1-5.

The embodiment of the application discloses a prosthesis capable of extending a lower limb joint. Referring to fig. 1, an extensible lower extremity joint prosthesis comprises a femoral prosthesis 1 for mounting on a femur of a human, a tibial prosthesis 2 for mounting on a tibia of a human, and a tibial pad 3 located between the femoral prosthesis 1 and the tibial prosthesis 2. Wherein, the side of the tibia pad 3 far away from the tibia false body 2 is arc-shaped, and the lower end of the femur false body 1 is abutted against the arc surface of the tibia pad 3 and can rotate on the tibia pad 3. The one side rigid coupling that shin bone pad 3 faced shin bone prosthesis 2 has installation piece 31, offers the storage tank 21 that supplies installation piece 31 embedding simultaneously at shin bone prosthesis 2 towards shin bone pad 3's one end, through with installation piece 31 embedding storage tank 21 to realize shin bone prosthesis 2 and shin bone pad 3 fixed.

Referring to fig. 1 and 2, femoral component 1 includes inside hollow thighbone section 11, sliding connection is at extension section 12 in 11 holes of thighbone section and sets up the fixed section 13 of keeping away from 11 one end of thighbone section at extension section 12, wherein fixed section 13 is used for being connected with human thighbone, extension section 12 is located thighbone section 11 and keeps away from the one end of thighbone section 11, the draw-in groove 121 that supplies the fixed section 13 embedding is seted up to the one end of keeping away from thighbone section 11 at extension section 12, and draw-in groove 121 wholly is the round platform form, its one end from being close to thighbone section 11 is to keeping away from one end diameter of thighbone section 11 and increasing gradually, fixed section 13 tip also is round platform form and draw-in. When the fixing section 13 needs to be installed on the extension section 12, the truncated cone-shaped end of the fixing section 13 is directly inserted into the clamping groove 121, and the longer the fixing section is inserted, the tighter the fixing section 13 is matched with the extension section 12, so that the fixing section 13 is fixedly connected with the extension section 12.

Wherein, in order to increase the installation stability of fixed section 13 and human thighbone, strengthened groove 131 has been seted up along its length direction on fixed section 13, and when fixed section 13 passed through bone cement and fixes on human thighbone, the setting of strengthened groove 131 can increase bone cement's packing volume for it is more firm to fix.

Referring to fig. 2 and 3, a mounting hole 111 has been seted up through the both sides that femoral prosthesis 1 is relative, 11 lower extremes of thighbone section are seted up to mounting hole 111, install dwang 4 in mounting hole 111, be provided with drive assembly 5 between dwang 4 and extension section 12, when rotating dwang 4, dwang 4 can drive extension section 12 through drive assembly 5 and slide in thighbone section 11's hole to change extension section 12 and thighbone section 11's total length, thereby realize the regulation to thighbone prosthesis 1 length. When the condition that the limbs are unequal in length needs to be treated by an operation, the fixed section 13 is directly fixed on the femur of a human body, the tibial prosthesis 2 is fixed on the tibia of the human body, then the rotating rod 4 is rotated, and the transmission component 5 drives the extension section 12 to slide in the femur section 11, so that the length of the femoral prosthesis 1 is changed, and the purpose of prolonging the length of the limb on the side of tumor resection is achieved. The external fixing frame is not needed for extension, so that contraction injury to human muscle and needle hole scars on the surface of human skin caused by the fact that a steel needle is put on the human body through skin are avoided; meanwhile, the connecting rod and the fixing clamp are prevented from being clamped at the end part of the steel needle outside the human body, the connecting rod and the fixing clamp are exposed outside, the influence on the visual attractiveness and daily life of people is avoided, and the operation injury is greatly reduced. And when the length of the limb at the side of tumor resection is consistent with that of the limb at the side of health by changing the length of the femoral prosthesis 1, the prosthesis can be taken out by a replacement operation to be replaced by a prosthesis with fixed length for the daily life of people, the prosthesis can also be directly used for assisting the daily life of people, no additional operation is needed, and the operation is performed once, so that the operation frequency is greatly reduced.

Referring to fig. 2 and 3, the transmission assembly 5 includes a transmission rod 51 rotatably connected in an inner hole of the femur section 11 and a transmission member 52 disposed between the transmission rod 4 and the transmission rod 51 and driving the transmission rod 51 to rotate through rotation of the transmission rod 4, wherein the transmission rod 51 is located at one end of the extension section 12 facing the rotation rod 4, the transmission rod 51 is in threaded connection with the extension section 12, specifically, an insertion groove 122 for inserting the transmission rod 51 is formed at one end of the extension section 12 facing the transmission rod 51, an inner thread is formed at an inner wall of the insertion groove 122, an outer thread is formed at an outer wall of the transmission rod 51, and the transmission rod 51 is screwed into the insertion groove 122 to achieve threaded connection with the extension section 12. When the rotating rod 4 drives the transmission rod 51 to rotate through the transmission member 52, the transmission rod 51 will rotate in the embedded groove 122, and since the extension section 12 is fixedly connected to the fixed section 13, the fixed section 13 is fixed on the femur of the human body, the transmission rod 51 will drive the extension section 12 to slide in the inner hole of the femur section 11 to change the length of the femoral prosthesis 1.

Two first snap rings 511 are fixedly connected to the outer wall of the transmission rod 51 at intervals along the length direction of the transmission rod, a second snap ring 512 is fixedly connected to the inner hole of the femur section 11, and the second snap ring 512 is located between the two first snap rings 511, so that the position of the transmission rod 51 in the inner hole of the femur section 11 can be fixed, and the transmission rod 51 can only rotate in the inner hole of the femur section 11 and cannot slide in the length direction of the femur section 11.

Referring to fig. 3, the transmission member 52 includes a driving gear 521 fixed to one end of the rotating rod 4 and a driven gear 522 fixed to one end of the transmission rod 51 facing the rotating rod 4, wherein the driving gear 521 is engaged with the driven gear 522, and when the rotating rod 4 is rotated, the driving gear 521 also rotates the driven gear 522 engaged therewith, and the driven gear 522 rotates the transmission rod 51 fixed thereto. In one example of the present application, the driving gear 521 may be a plurality of teeth formed at one end of the rotating rod 4, and the driven gear 522 is a spur gear fixedly connected to the lower end of the transmission rod 51, and when the rotating rod 4 is rotated, each tooth fixedly connected to the end of the rotating rod 4 is respectively engaged with a tooth on the spur gear, so as to rotate the transmission rod 51. In another example of the present application, the driving gear 521 and the driven gear 522 may be a pair of bevel gears engaged with each other, and when the rotating rod 4 is rotated, the bevel gear fixed on the rotating rod 4 will drive the bevel gear fixed on the transmission rod 51 to rotate, thereby driving the transmission rod 51 to rotate. Of course, the engagement between the driving gear 521 and the driven gear 522 may be a worm gear or a rack-and-pinion engagement, as long as the rotation of the rotating rod 4 can drive the driving rod 51 to rotate.

Wherein, in order to avoid rotating the rotating rod 4 under the action of external force and drive the rotating rod 51 to rotate, the length of the femoral prosthesis 1 is changed, a driving component 6 for changing the meshing state of the driving gear 521 and the driven gear 522 is arranged between the rotating rod 4 and the femoral segment 11, when the driving gear 521 is required to drive the driven gear 522 to rotate so as to change the length of the femoral prosthesis 1, the driving component 6 operates the driving gear 521 to mesh with the driven gear 522, and the length of the femoral prosthesis 1 can be adjusted by rotating the rotating rod 4. When the length of the femoral prosthesis 1 does not need to be adjusted, the driving gear 521 and the driven gear 522 are directly driven to be disengaged by the driving assembly 6, and at this time, the driving rod 4 cannot drive the driving rod 51 to rotate even if rotating under the action of external force.

Referring to fig. 3 and 4, the driving assembly 6 includes a driving rod 61 slidably coupled in the mounting hole 111, a second force applying plate 62 fixedly coupled to one end of the driving rod 61, and a fixing member 63 fixedly coupled to the other end of the driving rod 61. Meanwhile, the opposite ends of the rotating rod 4 are provided with insertion holes 41 for inserting the driving rod 61, and the driving rod 61 is inserted into the insertion holes 41 and can drive the rotating rod 4 to rotate. The fixing member 63 is located at an end of the rotation rod 4 far away from the second force applying plate 62, and includes a fixing rod 631 fixedly connected to the end of the rotation rod 4 far away from the second force applying plate 62 and a first force applying plate 632 fixedly connected to the fixing rod 631 far away from an end of the driving rod 61, wherein the driving rod 61 is a sleeve with a central hole inside, and the fixing rod 631 is inserted into the inner hole of the driving rod 61 and is fixedly connected to the driving rod 61. And when the driving lever 61 and the fixing lever 631 are fixed together, the distance between the first force applying plate 632 and the second force applying plate 62 is greater than the length of the mounting hole 111, so that the driving lever 61 can be pushed to slide in the mounting hole 111 by applying force to the first force applying plate 632 or the second force applying plate 62, so as to change the engagement state between the driving gear 521 and the driven gear 522. When the fixing device is installed, the rotating rod 4 is firstly operated to be installed in the installation hole 111, the driving gear 521 is meshed with the driven gear 522, then the first force applying plate 632 is operated to insert the fixing rod 631 into the insertion hole 41 from the end of the installation hole 111 far away from the driving gear 521, the second force applying plate 62 is operated to insert the driving rod 61 into the installation hole 111 from the end of the installation hole 111 far away from the first force applying plate 632, the driving rod 61 passes through the insertion hole 41 and the fixing rod 631, and the position between the fixing rod 631 and the driving rod 61 is fixed. At this time, the first force applying plate 632 abuts against one end of the fixing rod 631 away from the driving gear 521, the driving gear 521 is engaged with the driven gear 522, and the driving gear 521 drives the driven gear 522 engaged therewith to rotate by rotating the rotating rod 4, thereby adjusting the femoral prosthesis 1. When the length of the femoral prosthesis 1 does not need to be adjusted, the second force application plate 62 directly applies force to drive the rotating rod 4 to slide in the mounting hole 111 through the driving rod 61, so as to drive the driving gear 521 to be disengaged from the driven gear 522, and the operation is more convenient.

Referring to fig. 3 and 4, in order to facilitate a person to rotate the rotating rod 4 in the body, a force application assembly 7 is disposed between the femur section 11 and the rotating rod 4, wherein the rotating rod 4 is driven to rotate by the rotation of the femur section 11. The force application component 7 comprises a force application column 71 fixedly connected to the upper end of the tibial prosthesis 2 and a force transmission barrel 72 sleeved on the force application column 71, wherein an avoiding hole 32 for the force application column 71 and the force transmission barrel 72 to pass through is formed in the tibial pad 3, an opening at one end of the force transmission barrel 72 is used for the force application column 71 to be embedded, driving holes 721 for the driving rod 61 to pass through are formed in two opposite sides of the force transmission barrel 72, the driving rod 61 is in interference fit with the inner wall of the driving hole 721, so that the relative position between the driving rod 61 and the force transmission barrel 72 is fixed, and the position between the driving rod 61 and the tibial prosthesis 2 is further fixed. Meanwhile, the lower end of the femur section 11 is provided with a rotating groove 112 for the force transmission cylinder 72 to be embedded when rotating around the axis of the driving rod 61, when people squat or stand to drive the femur section 11 to rotate relative to the tibia prosthesis 2, because the force transmission cylinder 72 fixes the position between the tibia prosthesis 2 and the driving rod 61, the tibia prosthesis 2 rotates relative to the driving rod 61, at this moment, the force transmission cylinder 72 slides in the rotating groove 112, the driving rod 61 also drives the rotating rod 4 to rotate in the mounting hole 111, so that the driving gear 521 drives the driven gear 522 meshed with the driving gear 521 to rotate, and the length of the femur prosthesis 1 is adjusted. The length of the femoral prosthesis 1 can be adjusted by squatting or standing, so that the adjustment is more convenient.

The diameter of the force application column 71 gradually increases from one end close to the tibial prosthesis 2 to one end far away from the tibial prosthesis 2, and the diameter of the inner hole of the force transmission barrel 72 gradually increases from the opening end to the closing end so that the force application column 71 can be embedded. Meanwhile, a gap 722 is formed between the opening end of the force transmission cylinder 72 and each driving hole 721, an elastic pressing plate 723 is formed at the part, between the two gaps 722, of the opening end of the force transmission cylinder 72, when the force transmission cylinder 72 is sleeved on the force application column 71, the force application column 71 extrudes the elastic pressing plate 723 and slides into an inner hole of the force transmission cylinder 72, and after the force application column 71 is embedded into the force transmission cylinder 72, the elastic pressing plate 723 is clamped on the force application column 71 under the action of self elasticity, so that the position of the force application column 71 in the force transmission cylinder 72 is fixed.

Meanwhile, in order to prevent the force application column 71 from spreading the elastic pressing plate 723 and sliding out of the opening of the force transmission cylinder 72 when adjusting the length of the femoral prosthesis 1, thereby affecting the daily life of people. The force transmission cylinder 72 is also sleeved with a fixed cylinder 73, so that the elastic pressure plate 723 is fixed between the fixed cylinder 73 and the force application column 71, and the force application column 71 is prevented from sliding out of the elastic pressure plate 723. Meanwhile, a flanging 724 is formed by outwards bending the opening end of the force transmission cylinder 72, a limiting groove 731 for driving the rod 61 to pass through is further formed in one end, away from the tibial pad 3, of the fixing cylinder 73, when the fixing cylinder 73 is sleeved on the force transmission cylinder 72, one end, facing the tibial prosthesis 2, of the fixing cylinder 73 abuts against the flanging 724, and the limiting groove 731 is clamped on the driving rod 61, so that the fixing cylinder 73 is fixed between the flanging 724 and the driving rod 61, and the position of the fixing cylinder 73 is fixed.

When the length of the femoral prosthesis 1 needs to be adjusted, people directly squat or stand to drive the femoral prosthesis 1 to rotate relative to the tibial prosthesis 2, the driving rod 61 is driven to rotate in the mounting hole 111 through the force transmission cylinder 72, so that the rotating rod 4 is driven to rotate, at the moment, the driving gear 521 fixedly connected to the rotating rod 4 also drives the driven gear 522 meshed with the driving gear to rotate, and the length of the femoral prosthesis 1 is adjusted.

Referring to fig. 5, in order to prevent the length of the femoral prosthesis 1 from being lengthened when a person squats or stands and to prevent the rotation lever 4 from rotating reversely when a person stands or squats reversely to restore the femoral prosthesis 1, the rotation lever 61 and the rotation lever 4 are connected by the ratchet 42 and the pawl 43. Specifically, a ratchet wheel 42 is fixedly connected to the insertion hole 41 of the rotating rod 4, the ratchet wheel 42 is fixedly connected to one end of the rotating rod 4 facing the driving gear 521, an abutting surface 44 is formed between the ratchet wheel 42 and one end of the rotating rod 4 far away from the driving gear 521, a pawl 43 is hinged to the outer wall of the driving rod 61, when the driving rod 61 is inserted into the insertion hole 41, the pawl 43 is matched with the ratchet wheel 42, one end of a second force applying plate 62 of the pawl 43 is abutted to the abutting surface 44, so that the rotating rod 4 is clamped between the first force applying plate 632 and the pawl 43, and the position between the rotating rod 4 and the driving rod 61 is fixed.

When the length of femoral prosthesis 1 needs to be adjusted, people can directly press first application of force board 632 through the human epidermis in vitro on one side of first application of force board 632, first application of force board 632 will drive driving gear 521 to the 62 direction movements of second application of force board through dwang 4, until first application of force board 632 butt is in femoral segment 11 one side, driving gear 521 and driven gear 522 meshing this moment, people directly squat down and just can drive dwang 4 rotations, thereby realize the regulation to femoral prosthesis 1 length. When people stand, the ratchet wheel 42 and the pawl 43 are matched between the driving rod 61 and the rotating rod 4, so the pawl 43 slides in the ratchet wheel 42, the driving rod 61 cannot drive the rotating rod 4 to rotate reversely, and the driving rod 61 can only drive the rotating rod 4 to rotate in a single direction, so that the length of the femoral prosthesis 1 can be adjusted. After the adjustment is completed, a person can press the second force applying plate 62 from the second force applying plate 62 side outside the body, at this time, the driving rod 61 pushes the abutting surface 44 to move towards the first force applying plate 632 through the pawl 43, and drives the driving gear 521 to disengage from the driven gear 522 until the second force applying plate 62 abuts on the side of the femur section 11 away from the first force applying plate 632. At the moment, the length of the femoral prosthesis 1 cannot be changed when people squat or stand, the daily life of people cannot be influenced, and the operation is more flexible.

The first force application plate 632 and the second force application plate 62 are made of the same material, wherein the middle portion of the first force application plate is a magnet layer 621, the outer surface of the first force application plate is a medical titanium alloy layer 622, and the magnet layer 621 enables a magnet to directly attract the magnet layer 621 of the second force application plate 62 to move towards the second force application plate 62 through a magnet at the external second force application plate 62 when people need to adjust the length of the femoral prosthesis 1, so that the driving gear 521 is meshed with the driven gear 522. When the length of the femoral prosthesis 1 does not need to be adjusted, the magnet layer 621 of the first force application plate 632 can be attracted to the first force application plate 632 through the magnet directly at the first force application plate 632 in vitro, so that the driving gear 521 and the driven gear 522 are disengaged from each other, and the operation is more convenient and labor-saving. The medical titanium alloy layer 622 has high strength and mechanical properties close to those of human bones, and has the characteristics of fatigue resistance, corrosion resistance, excellent biocompatibility and the like.

The implementation principle of the prosthesis capable of extending the joints of the lower limbs in the embodiment of the application is as follows: when the patients with unequal limbs need to be treated by the operation, the fixing section 13 is directly fixed at the lower end of the femur of the human body through bone cement, and the tibia prosthesis 2 is installed at the upper end of the tibia of the human body. In daily life, when people need to adjust the length of the femoral prosthesis 1, people directly apply force to press the first force application plate 632 outside the body or adsorb the second force application plate 62 through the magnet, and then the driving rod 61 can drive the driving gear 521 to be meshed with the driven gear 522, people can directly squat downwards to drive the driving rod 61 to rotate in the installation hole 111 through the force transmission cylinder 72, the driving rod 61 also drives the rotating rod 4 to rotate through the pawl 43, at the moment, the driving gear 521 drives the driven gear 522 meshed with the driving gear 521 to rotate, the driven gear 522 also drives the driving rod 51 fixedly connected with the driven gear to rotate in the embedded groove 122, and as the driving rod 51 is in threaded connection with the extension section 12, the driving rod 51 drives the extension section 12 to slide in the inner hole of the femoral prosthesis 11, so that the length of the femoral prosthesis 1 is extended. The adjustment is more convenient, the operation times required when the limbs are treated with unequal length are greatly reduced, and the harm to people is reduced. When a person stands, the force transmission cylinder 72 drives the driving rod 61 to rotate reversely, and the pawl 43 slides in the ratchet wheel 42 and cannot drive the rotating rod 4 to rotate. After the adjustment is completed, a person directly applies force to press the second force applying plate 62 outside the body or attracts the first force applying plate 632 through the magnet, so that the driving gear 521 is driven by the driving rod 61 to move in a direction away from the driven gear 522, and the driving gear 521 is disengaged from the driven gear 522. No matter people squat down at this moment and make the drive pole 61 drive dwang 4 and rotate or stand and make the drive pole 61 can't drive dwang 4 and rotate, can't adjust femoral prosthesis 1's length, can not influence people's daily life, use more in a flexible way.

The above embodiments are preferred embodiments of the present application, and the protection scope of the present application is not limited by the above embodiments, so: all equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape and principle of the present application shall be covered by the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. An extendable lower limb joint prosthesis comprising a femoral prosthesis (1), a tibial prosthesis (2) and a tibial pad (3) arranged between the femoral prosthesis (1) and the tibial prosthesis (2), characterized in that: a mounting block (31) is fixedly connected to one end, facing the tibial prosthesis (2), of the tibial pad (3), a containing groove (21) for the mounting block (31) to be embedded is formed in the upper end of the tibial prosthesis (2), the femoral prosthesis (1) comprises a femoral section (11) which abuts against the tibial pad (3) and is hollow inside and an extension section (12) which is connected to the inner hole of the femoral section (11) in a sliding mode, and the extension section (12) is located at one end, far away from the tibial pad (3), of the femoral section (11); run through mounting hole (111) have been seted up to thighbone section (11) relative both sides, install dwang (4) in mounting hole (111), dwang (4) with be provided with between extension section (12) drive assembly (5), drive assembly (5) can pass through the rotation of dwang (4) and drive extension section (12) are in slide in thighbone section (11) hole in order to change the length of thighbone prosthesis (1).

2. The extendable lower extremity joint prosthesis of claim 1, wherein: the transmission assembly (5) comprises a transmission rod (51) which is rotatably connected in an inner hole of the femur section (11), and the transmission rod (51) is in threaded connection with the extension section (12).

3. The extendable lower extremity joint prosthesis of claim 2, wherein: the transmission assembly (5) further comprises a transmission piece (52) arranged between the rotating rod (4) and the transmission rod (51), and the rotating rod (4) can be driven by the transmission piece (52) to rotate the transmission rod (51).

4. The extendable lower extremity joint prosthesis of claim 3, wherein: the driving medium (52) comprises a driving gear (521) fixedly connected to the rotating rod (4) and a driven gear (522) fixedly connected to the rotating rod (4) and facing towards one end of the rotating rod (4), and the driving gear (521) is meshed with the driven gear (522).

5. The extendable lower extremity joint prosthesis of claim 4, wherein: and a driving assembly (6) which drives the rotating rod (4) to slide in the mounting hole (111) so as to change the meshing state of the driving gear (521) and the driven gear (522) is arranged in the mounting hole (111).

6. The extendable lower extremity joint prosthesis of claim 5, wherein: drive subassembly (6) including sliding connection be in drive pole (61), rigid coupling in mounting hole (111) second application of force board (62) and the rigid coupling of drive pole (61) one end are in the mounting (63) of the drive pole (61) other end runs through the confession has been seted up at the both ends that dwang (4) is relative drive pole (61) male jack (41), drive pole (61) insert in jack (41) and drive dwang (4) rotate, mounting (63) include the rigid coupling is in dwang (4) is kept away from dead lever (631) and the rigid coupling of second application of force board (62) one end are in dead lever (631) are kept away from the first application of force board (632) of drive pole (61) one end, first application of force board (632) are located dwang (4) are kept away from one side of second application of force board (62), the length between the first force application plate (632) and the second force application plate (62) is greater than that of the installation hole (111), and when the driving rod (61) slides in the installation hole (111), the driving rod (4) is driven to slide in the installation hole (111) so as to drive the driving gear (521) to be meshed with or separated from the driven gear (522).

7. The extendable lower extremity joint prosthesis of claim 6, wherein: thighbone section (11) with be provided with application of force subassembly (7) between dwang (4), application of force subassembly (7) drive for the rotation of tibial prosthesis (2) through thighbone prosthesis (1) dwang (4) rotate.

8. The extendable lower extremity joint prosthesis of claim 7, wherein: the force application assembly (7) comprises a force application column (71) fixedly connected to the upper end of the tibial prosthesis (2), a force transmission barrel (72) is sleeved on the force application column (71), two opposite side walls of the force transmission barrel (72) are provided with driving holes (721) for the driving rod (61) to pass through, and the driving rod (61) is in interference fit with the inner wall of the driving hole (721).

9. The extendable lower extremity joint prosthesis of claim 8, wherein: the diameter of the force application column (71) is gradually increased from one end close to the tibial prosthesis (2) to one end far away from the tibial prosthesis (2), a gap (722) is formed between one end, facing the tibial prosthesis (2), of the force transmission tube (72) and each driving hole (721), an elastic pressing plate (723) is formed between the two gaps (722) of the force transmission tube (72), and a fixing tube (73) is sleeved on the force transmission tube (72).

10. The extendable lower extremity joint prosthesis of claim 9, wherein: dwang (4) with drive and pass through ratchet (42) pawl (43) cooperation between pole (61).