CN112740540A - Method for operating a permanent magnet excited three-phase machine having a rotor and a soft starter, and three-phase machine - Google Patents
Method for operating a permanent magnet excited three-phase machine having a rotor and a soft starter, and three-phase machine Download PDFInfo
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- CN112740540A CN112740540A CN201880097919.3A CN201880097919A CN112740540A CN 112740540 A CN112740540 A CN 112740540A CN 201880097919 A CN201880097919 A CN 201880097919A CN 112740540 A CN112740540 A CN 112740540A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 239000013598 vector Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 7
- 230000001960 triggered effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000002123 temporal effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 230000001627 detrimental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P8/00—Arrangements for controlling dynamo-electric motors rotating step by step
- H02P8/42—Arrangements for controlling dynamo-electric motors rotating step by step characterised by non-stepper motors being operated step by step
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P1/00—Arrangements for starting electric motors or dynamo-electric converters
- H02P1/16—Arrangements for starting electric motors or dynamo-electric converters for starting dynamo-electric motors or dynamo-electric converters
- H02P1/46—Arrangements for starting electric motors or dynamo-electric converters for starting dynamo-electric motors or dynamo-electric converters for starting an individual synchronous motor
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P21/00—Arrangements or methods for the control of electric machines by vector control, e.g. by control of field orientation
- H02P21/34—Arrangements for starting
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P25/00—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of AC motor or by structural details
- H02P25/02—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of AC motor or by structural details characterised by the kind of motor
- H02P25/022—Synchronous motors
- H02P25/024—Synchronous motors controlled by supply frequency
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P27/00—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage
- H02P27/04—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage using variable-frequency supply voltage, e.g. inverter or converter supply voltage
- H02P27/16—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage using variable-frequency supply voltage, e.g. inverter or converter supply voltage using ac to ac converters without intermediate conversion to dc
- H02P27/18—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage using variable-frequency supply voltage, e.g. inverter or converter supply voltage using ac to ac converters without intermediate conversion to dc varying the frequency by omitting half waves
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- Control Of Ac Motors In General (AREA)
- Control Of Motors That Do Not Use Commutators (AREA)
Abstract
In order to achieve the energy efficiency class IE4 defined in IEC standard 60034, it is necessary to operate a permanent magnet excited synchronous machine directly on the grid. Since this cannot be easily achieved, a soft starter may be considered as a cost-effective solution. The application describes a method by means of which a permanent-magnet-excited three-phase motor (M) with a soft starter can be used as a stepping motor. Wherein current pulses are applied to the two phases (U, V, W) until the rotor (L) is aligned with the first position; then, a plurality of current pulses are applied to two further phases (U, V, W) of the three-phase motor (M) until the rotor (L) is aligned with a further second position.
Description
The three-phase motor converts mechanical energy into three-phase electricity or converts the three-phase electricity into mechanical energy. A three-phase machine can in principle be operated as a generator or as a motor. Soft-start refers to a measure for limiting the power when an electrical device (e.g. an electric motor) is switched on.
According to IEC standard 60034, three-phase motors are classified into different energy efficiency classes according to their efficiency. In particular in the low power range up to approximately 20kW, it is difficult to comply with the legal efficiency of electric drives, which is why the use of permanent magnets in the rotor, for example as a permanent magnet excited synchronous motor (PMSM), is increasingly sought.
Fig. 1 shows a schematic illustration of such a permanently excited synchronous machine M, in this embodiment a salient pole machine, which has a stator St and a rotor L. The rotor comprises a magnetic north pole N and a magnetic south pole S, and the stator St comprises a winding phase U, V, W. The illustration is to be understood as exemplary only and not limiting as to the scope of the claimed subject matter.
Although this type of electric machine can achieve a high level of energy efficiency, starting and operating on a rigid electrical network is not easy to achieve.
In order to achieve this, damping cages can be provided in the rotor of the electrical machine, which, although they can be started safely on a rigid electrical network, can place a considerable load on the supply network due to the very high starting currents.
Likewise, it can be run on a suitable power electronic actuator, such as a frequency converter or a soft starter. The use of soft starters (also referred to as soft starters) is a particularly inexpensive solution for starting permanently excited synchronous machines on a rigid electrical network. Such soft starters reduce the voltage when they are switched on (for example by means of phase angle control) and increase it slowly until the full grid voltage is reached. However, such soft starts are usually only possible in idling conditions or low loads. However, at present there is no known marketable solution for this.
A solution for starting a permanently excited synchronous machine on a soft starter is proposed in the doctor paper entitled "start of an energy-efficient synchronous machine with a three-phase regulator" by the Marcel Benecke doctor (university of magadeberg). However, the method proposed in this paper requires the current rotor angle of the machine, so the motor used in this paper must be equipped with a corresponding sensor system. The sensors can be understood as rotational speed and position sensors. The rotation speed and position sensor collects mechanical parameters: speed of rotation and position. Their signals are needed to provide the actual values to the controller and to close the existing position and speed control loop. For the vector control method in three-phase drives, the position and rotational speed signals are also used as important input variables for the current control loop. In this case, the sensor detects the rotational speed and/or the position directly on the motor shaft.
Sensor systems have a detrimental effect on both the cost and availability of the system, which makes current soft start solutions for high efficiency motors unattractive. For these reasons, it is desirable to find a method for starting without a sensor.
The required method, unlike the sensorless method known in the art, must be available to the thyristor controller instead of the frequency converter. Therefore, these known methods are not applicable.
The object of the present invention is to provide a method for operating a permanently excited synchronous machine without sensors, which allows a fixed-position operation. Furthermore, the object of the invention is to provide a sensor-free permanently excited synchronous machine which operates with the method according to the invention.
A method for operating a permanent magnet excited three-phase electric machine having a rotor and a soft starter is proposed. The method comprises the following steps: s1) applying a plurality of current pulses to two phases of a three-phase motor until the rotor is aligned with a first position; s2) applying a plurality of current pulses to the other two phases of the three-phase motor until the rotor is aligned with the other second position.
Current pulses are applied to two phases of a three-phase motor to obtain a current space vector with a fixed angle. If a three-phase motor is energized with such a pulsating current space vector, the three-phase motor will exert a torque as long as the flux angle of the rotor flux does not coincide with the angle of the pulsating stator current space vector. As long as the flux angle of the rotor flux coincides with the angle of the pulsating stator current space vector, the rotor is aligned in a position that depends on which of the three phases of the three-phase motor the current is applied to and has which polarity (i.e., U + and V-, V + and W-, U-and W +, U-and V +, V-and W +, U + and W-, where "+" and "-" denote positive and negative polarity, respectively).
The method may be used in positioning applications to gradually approach a desired position. The function of a stepping motor can thus be simulated in a three-phase motor with a soft starter.
For this purpose, it is expediently provided that step S2) is repeated iteratively, wherein the two phases to which the plurality of current pulses are applied are two further phases which differ from the two phases to which the current was previously applied in time. Thereby causing a continuous but stepped rotation of the rotor of the three-phase motor. Specifically, two phases to be energized are selected in step S2) so that the rotors of the three-phase motor continuously rotate in the same rotational direction. In other words, the rotor rotates stepwise, in particular in one direction.
In particular, the rotor is rotated by 60 ° (electrical angle) between two successive energization of two different phases.
It is also expedient to carry out step S2) at the earliest after the rotor has reached the first or second position in the temporally preceding step S1) or S2). In other words, after reaching the position assigned/predetermined by the two energized phases of the three-phase motor, this position is maintained at least for a short time before starting the energization of the other two phases of the three-phase motor, so that the desired stepping operation can be achieved.
The determination of whether or when the first or second position has been reached may be made by determining whether the rotational speed of the rotor has reached zero in the last step. In this case, it is to be understood in particular that the rotational speed periodically oscillates around zero rotational speed, which is caused in principle by the soft starter controlling the three-phase motor. Alternatively or additionally, determining whether or when the first or second position is reached may be performed by determining whether the induced voltages in the phases of the three-phase motor are zero. If the rotor is at rest, no voltage can be measured in the phases of the three-phase machine during the principle-induced blocking time of the thyristors of the soft starter. The evaluation of the presence and the temporal variation of the induced voltage makes it possible to deduce, without a further sensor system, whether the rotor is rotating or not.
A further embodiment provides that the predetermined time duration between reaching the first or second position and the execution of the next step S2) is constant. This makes it possible to rotate the rotor in steps at a "constant" rotational speed.
Furthermore, it can be provided that the amplitudes of the plurality of current pulses are selected such that, starting from the application of the plurality of current pulses to the two phases of the three-phase motor, the first or second position is reached before a predetermined duration is reached. The amplitude of the current pulses can influence the torque generated by the three-phase motor and thus the final rotational speed up to the first or second position. The amplitude of the current pulses may be adjusted, for example, depending on the superimposed mechanical structure and/or the load coupled to the rotor to ensure that the first or second position is reached within a predetermined time.
Provision may be made here for the amplitudes of the plurality of current pulses in steps S1) and/or S2) to be kept constant. Alternatively, it can be provided that the amplitudes of the plurality of current pulses in steps S1) and/or S2) are changed. This variant is carried out in particular in such a way that, starting from a start-of-amplitude value, the amplitude of the current pulse is increased to a relatively high end-of-amplitude value.
Furthermore, for the operation of the three-phase motor as a stepper motor, it is suitable for the amplitudes of the plurality of current pulses in steps S1) and S2) to be set in accordance with a predetermined rotor "rotational speed". The rotational speed of the rotor can thus be determined for the specific application of the three-phase motor as a stepping motor.
Furthermore, a control device for a three-phase electric machine having a soft starter is proposed, characterized in that the control device is designed to carry out the method described herein. The advantages associated with this are the same as those described in connection with the method according to the invention.
Furthermore, a three-phase electric machine with a soft starter is proposed. The three-phase motor is designed for carrying out the method described herein, whereby a holding of the three-phase motor can be achieved.
The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to the drawings:
FIG. 1 illustrates a cross-sectional view of an exemplary three-phase electric machine;
FIG. 2 shows a schematic diagram of a structure according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 shows a graphical representation of current directions with discrete current space vectors;
fig. 4 shows the time profile of the grid voltage, the motor current, the mechanical rotor angle, the rotor speed and the electrically generated torque in the hold-up operation of a three-phase machine with a soft starter at a constant reaction torque; and is
Fig. 5 shows a flow chart of a method according to the invention.
Fig. 2 shows a principle desired configuration of a three-phase machine designed as a permanently excited synchronous machine M with a soft starter SS (for example a Sirius soft starter) without sensors, and to the left with a three-phase machine with sensors G. As mentioned above, the three-phase machine is designed, for example, as a salient pole machine with a stator St and a rotor L. The rotor L comprises a magnetic north pole N and a magnetic south pole S. Stator St includes winding phases U, V, W. The rotor L can be connected, for example, in a rotationally fixed manner (or via a gear mechanism) to a shaft (not shown) which is acted upon by an external load, in particular a constant torque.
By means of the method described below, the three-phase motor M can be operated as a stepping motor, in which the rotor L is rotated step by a specific angle, wherein the length of the pause between two rotational steps substantially determines the rotational speed of the rotary shaft. The method can be used in vertical or horizontal movements, for example in machine tools or conveyor belts. In particular, a precise positioning of the object can be carried out by means of the method, wherein the desired position is approached step by step.
The method described in more detail below uses the method described by the applicant in WO 2018/072810 a1, by means of which a current space vector with a fixed angle and pulsation amplitude can be generated by means of the soft starter SS, so as to apply a torque corresponding in magnitude to the external load and counteracting it.
For this purpose, a pulse current is applied to the motor in a defined direction, and the motor is aligned in a defined direction by means of the pulse current. The current trend is also analyzed so that it can be determined whether the motor is moving. The respective steps will be explained in detail below.
In the entire sequence, only two valves (which are composed of two antiparallel thyristors of the soft starter) are always triggered, so that only two motor phases have a current flowing through them. The third motor phase does not conduct any current because the corresponding valve of the soft starter SS is off. It is therefore true for this state that the currents guided by the two phases through which the currents flow have the same magnitude but different signs. This results in that, in a coordinate system in which the stator is fixed, the current space vector can only extend over three fixed axes, and the current space vector length varies over time.
There may be a total of six (6) discrete current space vectors, as shown by the dashed lines in fig. 3, taking into account the current direction. In quadrant I, phase V and phase W are triggered, in quadrant II, phase U and phase W are triggered, and in quadrant IV, phase U and phase V are triggered.
Since the current is in one of six possible directions, a field is established in the motor that is also aligned. If the flux axis of the machine is not in this current-dependent direction, a torque is developed and the machine starts to rotate into the direction of the stator current space vector, i.e. the machine aligns itself with the current direction. As long as the magnetic flux axis of the motor coincides with the current direction, no torque is generated anymore.
In order to ensure that the alignment of the electric machine is performed at the determined maximum current (and therefore also at the maximum torque), first an optimal firing angle is determined. This applies in all other alignment processes.
For this purpose, the two thyristors are triggered only once at a large firing angle (e.g. 180 °), and the magnitude of the phase current is determined. Due to the large firing angle, the voltage time range acting on the motor and the maximum value of the current produced are very small. If the current amplitude is below a defined maximum value, the firing angle of the thyristor controller is slowly reduced from, for example, 180 °, and the current amplitude is again compared with the maximum value. This process is repeated until the amplitude is sufficiently close to the maximum value. For all further measurements, the amplitude of the current must be continuously monitored and the optimum firing angle must be adjusted again if necessary. For simplicity, the following assumes that this is not required.
Here, the calculation is as follows:
phase U and phase V are triggered and the current in phase U is positive. Thus, the angle in the vector is-30. Using the known Clarke/Park transformation, the electrical angle of the electric machine is used
The current I forming the torque can be calculatedq：
Therefore, the torque is calculated as (L)d＝Lq)：
When the electrical angle is-30 °, the torque becomes 0.
During the determination of the optimal firing angle, the motor can already be aligned on the basis of the pulsating current. However, this does not ensure that the motor is already perfectly aligned. For this reason, the thyristors of the soft starter are also triggered a number of times (the number of times can be calibrated) at the determined optimum firing angle, so that it can finally be assumed that the motor is no longer moving and is therefore aligned. Finally, the course of the current space vector during the triggering process is recorded and used as a reference course in subsequent measurements.
Thus, by only triggering the thyristors of two motor phases, and not the third phase, a current space vector with a fixed angle and pulse amplitude is energized for the three-phase motor. The magnitude of the current space vector may be adjusted according to the control angle.
If the three-phase motor M is energized by means of a soft starter with such a pulsating current space vector, the three-phase motor applies a torque until the flux angle coincides with the angle of the pulsating stator current space vector. Then, the three-phase motor reaches the stationary state, and has occupied the first position or the second position depending on whether it is the first energization according to step S1) or the new (subsequent) energization according to step S2).
With the soft starter SS aligned with the rotor L described above, energization can be performed in six (6) different directions of the α/β coordinate system as shown in fig. 3. According to the electrifying condition, the rotor is aligned with the electrifying direction. A stepping motor-like operation can be achieved if the two phases U, V, W of the three-phase motor are each energized iteratively such that the rotor is aligned in turn in six directions of the α/β coordinate system (for example in a clockwise or counterclockwise direction), wherein the rotor L is rotated by 60 ° (mechanical angle) between two successive energization of the respectively different two phases.
In this case, two phases U, V, W are each energized such that a new (subsequent) energization is performed only at the earliest after the previous energization of the other two phases of the rotor L in time has reliably reached its alignment. The pause can be of any length from reliably achieving alignment, depending on what rotational speed of the rotor is to be achieved in the stepping operation.
Whether the rotor L has reached its alignment in the temporally previous energization (which alignment corresponds to the first or second position) can be carried out by determining that the rotational speed of the rotor has reached zero in the preceding step. This is understood in particular to mean the case in which the rotational speed oscillates periodically around the rotational speed zero, which is produced in principle as a result of the soft starter controlling the three-phase motor
Alternatively or additionally, determining whether or when alignment is reached (which alignment corresponds to the first or second position) may be performed by determining whether the induced voltages in the phases of the three-phase motor are zero. If the rotor is at rest, no voltage can be measured in the phases of the three-phase machine during the principle-induced blocking time of the thyristors of the soft starter. The evaluation of the presence and the temporal variation of the induced voltage makes it possible to deduce, without a further sensor system, whether the rotor is rotating or not.
The amplitude of the current pulses is adjusted in accordance with a superimposed mechanical structure (not shown) coupled to the rotor L and/or a load coupled to the rotor to ensure that alignment corresponding to the energized phase (i.e. the first or second position) is achieved within a predetermined time.
In this case, it can be provided that the amplitudes of the plurality of current pulses in the energization of the two phases are kept constant. Alternatively, provision can be made for the amplitude of a plurality of current pulses between two (temporally successive) energisations to be held constant or to be varied. This variant is carried out in particular in such a way that, starting from a start-of-amplitude value, the amplitude of the current pulse is increased to a relatively high end-of-amplitude value. Alternatively, the amplitude of the current pulse may be reduced from a start amplitude value to a relatively lower end amplitude value.
Furthermore, for the operation of the three-phase motor as a stepping motor, it is expedient for the amplitudes of the respective energized current pulses to be set as a function of a predetermined rotor "rotational speed". The rotational speed of the rotor can thus be determined for the specific application of the three-phase motor as a stepping motor.
Fig. 4 shows the network voltage U of a three-phase electric machine with a soft starterNMotor current IMMechanical rotor angle phimRotor speed nmAnd electrically generated torque MMWhere, for example, six locations are passed on a block-by-block basis. When t is 0, the described tool is applied to a three-phase motorA current space vector with a ripple amplitude. Within 100 ms of t 0.1 s, the mechanical angle changes to a stable final value in all six positions.
The first position is reached when t is 0.1 seconds. The first position occurs between 0.1 seconds < t <0.5 seconds, i.e. a pause or rest state of 0.4 seconds. When t is 0.5 seconds, the next current space vector (i.e., rotated by 60 °) with the pulse amplitude is applied to the three-phase motor. The second position is reached when t is 0.6 seconds. The second position occurs between 0.6 seconds < t <1.0 seconds, i.e. a pause or rest state of 0.4 seconds. The third position is reached when t is 1.1 seconds. The third position occurs between 1.1 seconds < t <1.5 seconds, i.e. a pause or rest state of 0.4 seconds. At t 1.5 seconds, the next current space vector (i.e. rotated by 60 °) with a ripple amplitude is applied to the three-phase motor, continuing the course as described above.
At 0<t<Motor current I varying in a time period between 0.1 secondsMCan see the mechanical rotor angle phimA change in the first position. Starting from reaching steady state, the motor current IMThe amplitude of (c) remains unchanged. Thus, the motor current I can be adjustedMThe evaluation is performed as an electrical characteristic parameter, from which it can be determined whether a holding state is reached (i.e. the rotor L does not rotate) or whether a stationary state is not reached (i.e. there is rotation).
Alternatively or additionally, the voltages induced in the individual phases of the three-phase machine can be determined as an electrical parameter in order to determine whether the holding state of the rotor L has been reached. If the rotor L is at rest, the voltage in the phases of the three-phase machine is not measured during the principle-induced off-times of the thyristors of the soft starter SS. On the other hand, in the case where the rotor is rotated due to an external load, a voltage is induced in each phase of the three-phase motor, and the presence and magnitude of the voltage are determined. Thus, the evaluation of the presence and the temporal variation of the induced voltage can likewise infer whether the rotor is rotating due to an external load without a further sensor system.
In practice, the rotor L of the three-phase machine is at restThere will be slight movement in this state because the motor accelerates in one direction due to the reaction torque in the pulse pauses and in the other direction when energized. In the case described, the mechanical angle of the corrugation thus formed is about 6 degrees. Nevertheless, the rotational speed nmBut can be evaluated in a simple manner as a criterion for reaching a standstill.
Fig. 5 shows a flow chart of a method according to the invention. In step S1, current pulses are applied to two of the three phases U, V, W of the three-phase motor M until the rotor L is aligned with the first position. In step S2, a plurality of current pulses are applied to the other two phases U, V, W of the three-phase motor M until the rotor L is aligned with the other second position.
The described method is based only on measurements already present in the series of devices and does not require any additional sensor system. Thus, existing products can be extended only by software solutions for running IE4 motors.
Claims (15)
1. Method for operating a permanent-magnet-excited three-phase electrical machine (M) having a rotor (L) and a soft starter, having the following steps:
s1) applying a plurality of current pulses to two phases (U, V, W) of a three-phase motor (M) until the rotor (L) is aligned with a first position; and (c) and (d).
S2) a plurality of current pulses are applied to the other two phases (U, V, W) of the three-phase motor (M) until the rotor (L) is aligned with the other second position.
2. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that step S2) is repeated iteratively, wherein the two phases (U, V, W) to which the plurality of current pulses are applied are two further phases (U, V, W) different from the two phases (U, V, W) to which the current was previously applied in time.
3. Method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that in step S2) the two phases (U, V, W) to be energized are selected such that the rotors (L) of the three-phase motor (M) rotate in the same rotational direction.
4. Method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the rotor (L) is rotated, in particular stepwise, in one direction.
5. Method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the rotor (L) is rotated by 60 ° (electrical angle) between two successive energisations of two respectively different phases.
6. Method according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that step S2) is performed earliest after the rotor (L) has reached the first or second position in a temporally preceding step S1) or S2).
7. Method according to claim 6, characterized in that step S2 is performed earliest if:
-the rotational speed (n) of the rotorm) Has reached zero in the last step, and/or
The induced voltage in a phase of a three-phase motor is zero.
8. Method according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the predetermined duration between reaching the first or second position and performing the next step S2) is constant.
9. Method according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that a current space vector is applied over time and it is checked whether the rotation of the rotor follows the current space vector.
10. A method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the amplitudes of the current pulses are chosen such that, starting from the application of the current pulses to the two phases (U, V, W) of the three-phase motor (M), the first or second position is reached before a predetermined duration is reached.
11. The method according to any of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the amplitude of the plurality of current pulses within steps S1) and/or S2) is kept constant.
12. Method according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the amplitudes of the plurality of current pulses in steps S1) and/or S2) are changed, in particular the amplitudes of the plurality of current pulses in steps S1) and/or S2) are increased from a starting value of amplitude to a relatively high end value of amplitude.
13. Method according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the amplitude of the plurality of current pulses in steps S1) and S2) is set in dependence on a predetermined rotational speed of the rotor (L).
14. A control device for a three-phase electric machine (M) with a soft starter, characterized in that the control device is designed for carrying out the method according to any one of claims 1 to 13.
15. A three-phase electric machine with a soft starter, characterized in that the operation of the three-phase electric machine is carried out according to the method of any one of claims 1 to 13.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/EP2018/076120 WO2020064097A1 (en) | 2018-09-26 | 2018-09-26 | Method for operating a permanently excited three-phase machine having a rotor and a soft starter, and three-phase machine |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN112740540A true CN112740540A (en) | 2021-04-30 |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201880097919.3A Pending CN112740540A (en) | 2018-09-26 | 2018-09-26 | Method for operating a permanent magnet excited three-phase machine having a rotor and a soft starter, and three-phase machine |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN112740540A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE112018008022A5 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2020064097A1 (en) |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1044551A (en) * | 1989-01-23 | 1990-08-08 | 西门子公司 | The control method and the device of single-phase or multi-phase AC current regulator |
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| CN102684595A (en) * | 2012-05-31 | 2012-09-19 | 杭州万工科技有限公司 | Self-anti-interference starting method for permanent magnetic synchronous motor |
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| WO2020064097A1 (en) | 2020-04-02 |
| DE112018008022A5 (en) | 2021-06-10 |
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