CN112734220A - Grass and livestock balance evaluation method based on herbivorous wild animals - Google Patents
Grass and livestock balance evaluation method based on herbivorous wild animals Download PDFInfo
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- CN112734220A CN112734220A CN202110011693.4A CN202110011693A CN112734220A CN 112734220 A CN112734220 A CN 112734220A CN 202110011693 A CN202110011693 A CN 202110011693A CN 112734220 A CN112734220 A CN 112734220A
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- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 67
- 244000144972 livestock Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 50
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 title description 8
- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 title description 6
- 239000004459 forage Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 241000209504 Poaceae Species 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 241001494479 Pecora Species 0.000 claims description 16
- 235000021316 daily nutritional intake Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000005911 diet Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000037213 diet Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 244000144980 herd Species 0.000 claims 2
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 claims 1
- 235000021050 feed intake Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 5
- 241000609816 Pantholops hodgsonii Species 0.000 description 3
- 241000283074 Equus asinus Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000282414 Homo sapiens Species 0.000 description 2
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009304 pastoral farming Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241001247317 Bos mutus Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000282376 Panthera tigris Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008713 feedback mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 244000038280 herbivores Species 0.000 description 1
- 210000000003 hoof Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of ecological balance, and provides a herbivorous wild animal-based forage and livestock balance assessment method, which comprises the following steps: defining a calculation area for balancing the grasses and the animals; evaluating the grassland bearing capacity of the accounting area based on remote sensing data; respectively calculating the livestock stock quantity and the herbivorous wild animal stock quantity according to the livestock distribution information and the herbivorous wild animal distribution information; and calculating the grassland bearing rate of the accounting area through the livestock stocking amount, the current herbivorous wild animal stock and the grassland bearing capacity, thereby evaluating the grassland bearing condition. According to the invention, the herbivorous wild animals are brought into the grassland bearing capacity accounting frame, and the forage balance condition is objectively reflected under the condition of comprehensively considering the feed intake of livestock and herbivorous wild animals, so that a regulation and control tool is provided for scale management and control of animal husbandry and dynamic management of natural protection.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of ecological balance, in particular to a forage and livestock balance evaluation method based on herbivorous wild animals.
Background
Overloading grazing is a major human factor in grassland deterioration, while pasture balance is an important goal for grassland management (VETTER, 2005; liqingfeng, 2011). The forage balance refers to a state that the amount of forage provided by grassland and other ways is balanced with the amount of livestock required in a certain time and space. The grass-livestock balance accounting indexes comprise 4 aspects of pasture yield, livestock feed intake, grassland utilization rate, livestock carrying capacity and the like (buying tigers and the like, 2013), the grass-livestock balance emphasizes a biological feedback mechanism between forage and animals, and management and control take bearing capacity, livestock carrying rate and grassland condition evaluation as core (ENGLER, 2018). The slow-sensitive cloud (2014) also introduces a forage grass monthly dynamic coefficient and a livestock number monthly dynamic coefficient to realize the monthly balance of the available forage grass amount and the required livestock grass amount. In recent decades, with the enhancement of ecological protection, the stock carrying capacity in many pasturing areas has decreased, but the grassland deterioration has not been fundamentally reversed (creep allowance et al, 2019). Besides the climate change, the comprehensive, complex and open understanding of the grassland grazing system is insufficient, and especially the reason that the existing grass-livestock balance accounting method does not consider the factors of herbivorous wild animals is also one of the important reasons.
Currently, in the grass-livestock balance accounting, ecological protection is fully considered from a larger view angle, a natural ecosystem is left, and the utilization intensity of grasslands by human beings is properly controlled. For example, the herbivorous wild animals protected by the primary and secondary protection in the countries such as Xizang Qiangtang plateau wild yak, Tibetan antelope, Tibetan wild donkey, Tibetan antelope and the like are increased in recovery, and occupy more grassland resources. If it is limited to the frame of forage-animal balance, the area has been balanced in 2015, but if the forage-type wild animals are also considered as consumers, the second productivity including livestock and forage-type wild animals is unbalanced with the first productivity of grassland, and grassland is overloaded. Therefore, the balance situation of grassland, livestock and herbivorous wild animals of a grassland ecosystem is analyzed and evaluated by taking the comprehensive balance of grassland productivity-livestock and herbivorous wild animals as a target, the balance situation of the grassland, the livestock and the herbivorous wild animals is expanded into a comprehensive balance accounting and evaluating method of the grassland, the dynamic grassland animal carrying rate is scientifically analyzed, and scientific support is provided for management and early warning of grassland bearing capacity.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defect that serious deviation occurs in grassland bearing condition evaluation because herbivorous wild animals are not fully considered in the conventional grassland animal balance evaluation method, the invention provides the grassland animal balance evaluation method based on the herbivorous wild animals.
The invention provides a forage animal balance evaluation method based on herbivorous wild animals, which specifically comprises the following steps:
defining a calculation area for balancing the grasses and the animals;
evaluating the grassland bearing capacity of the accounting area based on remote sensing data;
respectively calculating the livestock stock quantity and the herbivorous wild animal stock quantity according to the livestock distribution information and the herbivorous wild animal distribution information;
and calculating the grassland bearing rate of the accounting area according to the livestock stock quantity, the current stock of the herbivorous wild animals and the grassland bearing capacity.
Preferably, the evaluating the grassland bearing capacity of the accounting area based on the remote sensing data includes:
calculating the grassland area and the unit area grassland pasture yield of the accounting area based on remote sensing data;
evaluating the grassland bearing capacity CC according to the grassland area and the grassland pasture yield per unit area by using the following formula:
Preferably, the livestock distribution information comprises: livestock type, quantity and daily food intake.
Preferably, the livestock stock-keeping quantity is calculated according to the conversion coefficient of each type of livestock and sheep unit.
Preferably, the herbivorous wild animal distribution information comprises: herbivore species, number, habitat preference, diet and daily food intake.
Preferably, the current stock of the herbivorous wild animals is calculated according to the conversion coefficient of each herbivorous animal and sheep unit.
Preferably, the livestock distribution information and the herbivorous wild animal distribution information are acquired by means of statistical data, on-site counting and unmanned aerial vehicle aerial photography.
Preferably, the grass bearing rate B of the accounting area is calculated according to the following formula:
According to the invention, the grassy wild animals are brought into the grassland bearing capacity accounting frame, and the grassland utilization condition is objectively reflected under the condition of comprehensively considering the feed intake of livestock and the grassy wild animals, so that a regulation and control tool is provided for the scale management and control of animal husbandry and the dynamic management of natural protection.
Drawings
1. Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a forage animal balance assessment method based on herbivorous wild animals according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the core idea of the present invention more clearly understood, the following detailed description will be made with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, the embodiment of the present invention provides a forage balance assessment method based on herbivorous wild animals, comprising the following steps:
step 10: defining a calculation area for balancing the grasses and the animals;
step 20: evaluating the grassland bearing capacity of the accounting area based on remote sensing data;
integrating multi-source data such as remote sensing, ground survey and the like, calculating the grassland area S and the unit area grassland pasture yield F of an accounting area, and evaluating the grassland bearing capacity CC (the unit is sheep unit):
wherein F is grassland pasture yield per unit area, S is grassland area, r is grassland availability, I is unit sheep daily food intake, and d is grassland annual available days.
Step 30: respectively calculating the livestock stock quantity and the herbivorous wild animal stock quantity according to the livestock distribution information and the herbivorous wild animal distribution information;
integrating statistical data, on-site counting, unmanned aerial vehicle aerial photography and other means, checking the types and the quantity of livestock, measuring the daily food intake of different types of livestock, and calculating the livestock stock-keeping quantity Nl according to the conversion coefficients of various types of livestock and sheep units, wherein the unit is a sheep unit.
Integrating the information of the distribution, the type, the quantity, the habitat preference, the feeding property, the daily food quantity and the like of the herbivorous wild animals, and calculating the current stock Nw of the herbivorous wild animals according to the conversion coefficient of the herbivorous wild animals and sheep units, wherein the unit is sheep units.
The feed intake, grassland bearing capacity, livestock stock keeping amount and the present stock of the herbivorous wild animals of the livestock and the herbivorous wild animals are uniformly converted into sheep units, for example, according to the research on hooves in Qinghai-Tibet plateau, wild yaks are converted into 8 sheep units, Tibetan wild donkeys are converted into 4 sheep units, and Tibetan antelopes are converted into 1 sheep unit.
Step 40: and calculating the grassland bearing rate of the accounting area according to the livestock stock quantity, the current stock of the herbivorous wild animals and the grassland bearing capacity.
The grassland bearing rate B is as follows:
wherein Nl is the livestock stock, Nw is the current stock of herbivorous animals, and CC is the grassland bearing capacity.
The grassland bearing condition of the accounting area is evaluated according to the grassland bearing rate B, and more accurate decision support can be provided for animal husbandry scale control and natural protection dynamic management.
According to the embodiment of the invention, the grassy wild animals are brought into the grassy bearing capacity accounting frame, and the utilization condition of the grassy is reflected more objectively under the condition of comprehensively considering the feed intake of livestock and the grassy wild animals, so that decision support can be provided for scale management and control of animal husbandry and dynamic management of natural protection.
The foregoing detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention has been presented for the purpose of illustrating the principles and implementations of the present invention, and the description of the embodiments is only provided to assist understanding of the core concepts of the present invention; meanwhile, for a person skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present invention, there may be variations in the specific embodiments and the application scope, and in summary, the content of the present specification should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A forage animal balance assessment method based on herbivorous wild animals, comprising:
defining a calculation area for balancing the grasses and the animals;
evaluating the grassland bearing capacity of the accounting area based on remote sensing data;
respectively calculating the livestock stock quantity and the herbivorous wild animal stock quantity according to the livestock distribution information and the herbivorous wild animal distribution information;
and calculating the grassland bearing rate of the accounting area according to the livestock stock quantity, the current stock of the herbivorous wild animals and the grassland bearing capacity.
2. The herbivorous wildanimal-based livestock balance assessment method according to claim 1, wherein said assessing grassland bearing capacity of said accounting area based on remote sensing data comprises:
calculating the grassland area and the unit area grassland pasture yield of the accounting area based on remote sensing data;
evaluating the grassland bearing capacity CC according to the grassland area and the grassland pasture yield per unit area by using the following formula:
3. The herbivorous wildanimal-based livestock balance assessment method according to claim 2, wherein said livestock distribution information comprises: livestock type, quantity and daily food intake.
4. The herbivorous wild animal-based livestock balance assessment method according to claim 3, characterized in that livestock stock keeping amount is calculated according to conversion coefficients of various types of livestock and sheep units.
5. The herbivorous wild animal-based forage balance assessment method according to claim 2, wherein said forage wild animal distribution information comprises: herbivorous wildlife species, number, habitat preference, diet and daily food intake.
6. The method of claim 5, wherein the current stock of herbivorous wild animals is calculated according to conversion coefficient of herbivorous wild animals and sheep unit.
7. The herbivorous wildanimal-based herd balance assessment method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the livestock distribution information and herbivorous wildanimal distribution information is obtained by means of statistical data, on-site inventory and unmanned aerial photography.
8. A herbivorous wildanimal-based herd balance assessment method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the grassland load B of the accounting area is calculated according to the following formula:
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113222453A (en) * | 2021-05-28 | 2021-08-06 | 中国农业科学院草原研究所 | Beidou navigation-based natural grassland and livestock balance assessment method, system, equipment and storage medium |
| CN114723333A (en) * | 2022-05-11 | 2022-07-08 | 水利部牧区水利科学研究所 | Household pasture water-soil and livestock balance calculation method and system considering forage quality |
| CN115049248A (en) * | 2022-06-10 | 2022-09-13 | 中国科学院、水利部成都山地灾害与环境研究所 | Method for measuring and calculating green bearing capacity of grassland |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5572949A (en) * | 1995-02-24 | 1996-11-12 | Bryant, Jr.; Walter L. | Emergency feeder for herbivorous wildlife |
| CN106372740A (en) * | 2016-08-12 | 2017-02-01 | 水利部牧区水利科学研究所 | Calculation method and system of pasturing area water-land-pasture-livestock balance model |
-
2021
- 2021-01-06 CN CN202110011693.4A patent/CN112734220A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5572949A (en) * | 1995-02-24 | 1996-11-12 | Bryant, Jr.; Walter L. | Emergency feeder for herbivorous wildlife |
| CN106372740A (en) * | 2016-08-12 | 2017-02-01 | 水利部牧区水利科学研究所 | Calculation method and system of pasturing area water-land-pasture-livestock balance model |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
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| 杨帆 等: "玛多县大型野生食草动物种群数量对草畜平衡的影响研究", 《草业学报》 * |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113222453A (en) * | 2021-05-28 | 2021-08-06 | 中国农业科学院草原研究所 | Beidou navigation-based natural grassland and livestock balance assessment method, system, equipment and storage medium |
| CN113222453B (en) * | 2021-05-28 | 2024-01-16 | 中国农业科学院草原研究所 | Natural grassland and livestock balance evaluation method, system, equipment and storage medium based on Beidou navigation |
| CN114723333A (en) * | 2022-05-11 | 2022-07-08 | 水利部牧区水利科学研究所 | Household pasture water-soil and livestock balance calculation method and system considering forage quality |
| CN115049248A (en) * | 2022-06-10 | 2022-09-13 | 中国科学院、水利部成都山地灾害与环境研究所 | Method for measuring and calculating green bearing capacity of grassland |
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Application publication date: 20210430 |