CN112734124B - Public parking lot point arrangement planning method based on supply-demand balance and optimal accessibility - Google Patents
Public parking lot point arrangement planning method based on supply-demand balance and optimal accessibility Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a public parking lot point arrangement planning method based on supply-demand balance and optimal accessibility, which comprises the following steps: providing a preliminary point distribution scheme of a public parking lot; establishing a public parking lot parking space supply quantity measuring and calculating model; establishing a residential district parking space demand gap measuring and calculating model; establishing an objective function of balance between the supply quantity of parking spaces of a public parking lot and the demand gap of the parking spaces of a residential district; establishing an objective function of reachability between a public parking lot and a residential community; establishing a public parking lot distribution model with optimal supply-demand balance and accessibility; and calculating the model value of each preliminary point distribution scheme, and selecting the preliminary point distribution scheme with the maximum model value. The invention can achieve the purposes of promoting the effective balance of the parking space supply of the public parking lot and the parking demand gap of the residential district, improving the accessibility of the public parking lot and promoting the efficient utilization of the public parking lot and the efficient meeting of the parking demand gap of the residential district. The invention is simple and practical, and has strong operability and effectiveness.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of urban traffic planning, and particularly relates to a public parking lot point arrangement planning method, system, computer equipment and storage medium based on supply-demand balance and optimal accessibility.
Background
Because the construction time of partial old residential communities in China is relatively early and the parking space allocation standard is relatively low, a large number of parking requirements in the existing old residential communities cannot be met, so that vehicles of residents in many old residential communities cannot be parked at night, and the vehicles can only be parked on surrounding roads, so that the traffic of the surrounding roads is seriously influenced. In order to solve the problem of difficult parking in the old residential community, some cities consider planning and building public parking lots around the old residential community, and the parking requirements of the old residential community are met. The common public parking lot point distribution planning methods include a gravity center method and the like, the traditional public parking lot point distribution methods mainly consider factors such as space geometric features of a research area, the points of the public parking lot are determined by mechanically adopting the factors such as the space geometric features, and the like.
Long-term researches show that the accessibility between the public parking lot and the residential community has a great influence on the efficient use of the public parking lot besides the close relation between the supply scale of the parking spaces of the public parking lot and the parking demand gap of the residential community. Therefore, if the accessibility between the public parking lot and the residential district and the matching relation between the public parking lot parking space supply and the residential district parking demand gap can be considered, the public parking lot point arrangement planning method based on optimal supply-demand balance and accessibility is established, the effective balance of the public parking lot parking space supply and the residential district parking demand gap and the efficient accessibility of the public parking lot can be realized, and the efficient utilization of the public parking lot and the efficient satisfaction of the residential district parking demand gap are promoted.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems in the prior art, and provides a public parking lot distribution planning method based on optimal supply-demand balance and accessibility, according to the parking space supply capacity of a public parking lot and the parking demand gap of a residential district, the accessibility between the public parking lot and the residential district is considered, the supply and the demand are effectively and accurately matched, and a distribution planning scheme of the public parking lot is determined, so that the effective balance of the parking space supply of the public parking lot and the parking demand gap of the residential district is promoted, the accessibility of the public parking lot is improved, and the efficient utilization of the public parking lot and the efficient meeting of the parking demand gap of the residential district are promoted.
The technical solution for realizing the purpose of the invention is as follows: a public parking lot point placement planning method based on supply-demand balance and optimal accessibility, the method comprising the steps of:
step 1, determining N preliminary point distribution schemes of public parking lots according to residential community distribution in a patch area, wherein each preliminary point distribution scheme comprises M public parking lots, and N and M are natural numbers greater than or equal to 1;
step 2, establishing a public parking lot parking space supply quantity measuring and calculating model;
step 3, establishing a residential district parking space demand gap measuring and calculating model;
step 4, establishing an objective function of balance between the supply quantity of parking spaces of the public parking lot and the demand gaps of parking spaces of the residential district according to the measurement model established in the step 2 and the step 3;
step 5, considering the reachability between the residential district and the public parking lot, and establishing an objective function of the reachability between the public parking lot and the residential district;
step 6, building a public parking lot distribution model with optimal supply-demand balance and accessibility according to the objective function built in the step 4 and the step 5;
and 7, calculating the model value of each preliminary point distribution scheme according to the point distribution model established in the step 6, and taking the preliminary point distribution scheme with the maximum model value as the point distribution planning scheme of the public parking lot in the area.
Further, in the step 2, the model for measuring and calculating the supply quantity of the parking spaces of the public parking lot is as follows:
wherein S is nm Supplying the number of parking spaces for the M-th public parking lot in the N-th parking scheme, n=1, …, N, m=1, …, M, s nm The area of the m public parking lot in the nth point arrangement scheme is s is the area of a single parking space, L nm The number of layers which can be built for the m public parking lot in the nth point arrangement scheme is smaller than or equal to the highest layer L which can be built max 。
Further, the parking space demand gap measurement model of the residential district in step 3 is as follows:
D nmi ＝C nmi -R nmi *A nmi
wherein D is nmi Is a parking requirement gap of an ith residential district in the coverage area of an mth public parking lot in an nth point arrangement scheme, D nmi Typically negative, C nmi R is the number of cars of the ith residential district in the coverage area of the mth public parking lot in the nth point arrangement scheme nmi Is the number of the i-th residential district in the coverage area of the m-th public parking lot in the nth point arrangement scheme, A nmi And (3) establishing a standard for parking spaces of an ith residential district in the coverage area of an mth public parking lot in an nth point distribution scheme, wherein I is a natural number which is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to I, and I is the number of residential districts in the coverage area.
Further, in the step 4, according to the measurement model established in the step 2 and the step 3, an objective function of balance between the supply quantity of parking spaces in the public parking lot and the demand gap of parking spaces in the residential district is established, and the specific process includes:
step 4-1, calculating probability P from each residential district to the public parking lot in the coverage area of the public parking place i→nm ：
Wherein P is i→nm Is the probability of parking from the ith residential district to the mth public parking lot in the coverage area of the mth public parking lot in the nth point arrangement scheme, d i→nm The shortest path distance from the ith residential district to the mth public parking lot in the nth point arrangement scheme is set as r, and the radius of the influence range of the public parking lot is set as r;
step 4-2, calculating the number D of parking demands of residential communities in the coverage area of the public parking lot to the public parking lot i→nm ：
D i→nm ＝D nmi *P i→nm
Wherein D is i→nm The number from the parking requirement of the ith residential district to the mth public parking lot in the coverage area of the mth public parking lot in the nth point arrangement scheme;
step 4-3, calculating the parking demand D of the public parking lot nm ：
Wherein D is nm The parking requirement of the m public parking lot in the nth point arrangement scheme is met;
step 4-4, establishing an objective function of supply and demand balance between the supply quantity of parking spaces of the public parking lot and the demand gaps of the parking spaces of the residential district:
for a single public parking lot, the number of parking spaces required to be supplied by the public parking lot is more than or equal to the parking requirement, and less than or equal to the maximum number of available parking spaces, namely:
objective function f of supply-demand balance between parking space supply and parking demand gap of public parking lot of nth point arrangement scheme 1n The method comprises the following steps:
further, in step 5, the objective function of the reachability between the public parking lot and the residential district is established by considering the reachability between the residential district and the public parking lot, and the specific process includes:
step 5-1, calculating the accessibility of the residential district to the public parking lot:
wherein d nm The accessibility between the m public parking lot and residential cells in the coverage range of the m public parking lot in the nth point arrangement scheme is given;
step 5-2, establishing an objective function f of reachability between the public parking lot and the residential district 2n ：
Further, the public parking lot location model with optimal supply-demand balance and accessibility in the step 6 is f n ：
A public parking lot point placement planning system based on supply-demand balance and optimal accessibility, the system comprising:
the preliminary distribution scheme generation module is used for determining N preliminary distribution schemes of the public parking lots according to residential district distribution in the sheet area, wherein each preliminary distribution scheme comprises M public parking lots, and N and M are natural numbers greater than or equal to 1;
the first model building module is used for building a public parking lot parking space supply quantity measuring and calculating model;
the second model building module is used for building a residential district parking space demand gap measuring and calculating model;
the first objective function building module is used for building objective functions of balance between the supply quantity of parking spaces of the public parking lot and the demand gap of the parking spaces of the residential district by using the two measuring and calculating models;
the second objective function building module is used for building an objective function of the reachability between the public parking lot and the residential district by considering the reachability between the residential district and the public parking lot;
the third model building module is used for building a public parking lot distribution model with optimal supply-demand balance and accessibility according to the two objective functions;
and the optimal point distribution planning scheme determining module is used for calculating the model value of each preliminary point distribution scheme by the public parking lot point distribution model with optimal supply-demand balance and accessibility, and taking the preliminary point distribution scheme with the maximum model value as the point distribution planning scheme of the public parking lot in the sheet area.
A computer device comprising a memory, a processor and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, the processor implementing the following steps when executing the computer program:
step 1, determining N preliminary point distribution schemes of public parking lots according to residential community distribution in a patch area, wherein each preliminary point distribution scheme comprises M public parking lots, and N and M are natural numbers greater than or equal to 1;
step 2, establishing a public parking lot parking space supply quantity measuring and calculating model;
step 3, establishing a residential district parking space demand gap measuring and calculating model;
step 4, establishing an objective function of balance between the supply quantity of parking spaces of the public parking lot and the demand gaps of parking spaces of the residential district according to the measurement model established in the step 2 and the step 3;
step 5, considering the reachability between the residential district and the public parking lot, and establishing an objective function of the reachability between the public parking lot and the residential district;
step 6, building a public parking lot distribution model with optimal supply-demand balance and accessibility according to the objective function built in the step 4 and the step 5;
and 7, calculating the model value of each preliminary point distribution scheme according to the point distribution model established in the step 6, and taking the preliminary point distribution scheme with the maximum model value as the point distribution planning scheme of the public parking lot in the area.
A computer readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program which when executed by a processor performs the steps of:
step 1, determining N preliminary point distribution schemes of public parking lots according to residential community distribution in a patch area, wherein each preliminary point distribution scheme comprises M public parking lots, and N and M are natural numbers greater than or equal to 1;
step 2, establishing a public parking lot parking space supply quantity measuring and calculating model;
step 3, establishing a residential district parking space demand gap measuring and calculating model;
step 4, establishing an objective function of balance between the supply quantity of parking spaces of the public parking lot and the demand gaps of parking spaces of the residential district according to the measurement model established in the step 2 and the step 3;
step 5, considering the reachability between the residential district and the public parking lot, and establishing an objective function of the reachability between the public parking lot and the residential district;
step 6, building a public parking lot distribution model with optimal supply-demand balance and accessibility according to the objective function built in the step 4 and the step 5;
and 7, calculating the model value of each preliminary point distribution scheme according to the point distribution model established in the step 6, and taking the preliminary point distribution scheme with the maximum model value as the point distribution planning scheme of the public parking lot in the area.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the remarkable advantages that:
1) The supply and demand balance between the supply of the parking spaces of the public parking lot and the parking demand gap of the residential district is comprehensively considered, and the efficient utilization of the public parking lot and the efficient meeting of the parking demand gap of the residential district are realized.
2) The public parking lot and the residential community are tightly combined, the accessibility between the public parking lot and the residential community is considered, the public parking lot and the residential community are efficiently communicated, the public parking lot is conveniently used, and the accessibility of the public parking lot is improved.
3) The method has the advantages that the probability of using the parking lot by each residential district in the coverage range of the public parking place and the scale constraint of the parking lot are comprehensively considered, and the method has the advantage of better reflecting the characteristics of resident parking selection behavior under the common influence of the scale constraint of the parking lot and the parking demand gap of the residential district.
4) The objective function model of the accessibility between the public parking lot and the residential district is provided, the model comprehensively considers the influence of two factors of the parking demand gap of the residential district and the shortest path distance between the residential district and the parking lot, and has the advantage of better reflecting the parking selection behavior characteristics of residents under the influence of the parking demand gap of the residential district and the shortest path distance between the residential district and the parking lot.
5) The public parking lot distribution model based on the optimal supply-demand balance and the optimal accessibility is established by combining the objective function model in the two aspects of supply-demand balance and the optimal accessibility, the influence in multiple aspects such as resident parking selection behavior characteristics, parking lot scale constraint, influence of the shortest path between a residential district and a parking lot and the like is comprehensively considered, and the public parking lot distribution planning scheme has the advantages of being more in line with the actual situation of resident parking behaviors, enabling the public parking lot distribution planning scheme to better realize the efficient utilization of the public parking lot and the efficient meeting of the parking demand gaps of the residential district.
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a public parking lot point arrangement planning method based on supply-demand balance and optimal accessibility.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a public parking area covered residential area in one embodiment.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more apparent, the present application will be further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the present application.
In addition, it should be noted that, if there is a description of "first", "second", etc. in the embodiments of the present invention, the description of "first", "second", etc. is only for descriptive purposes, and is not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implying that the number of technical features indicated is indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first" or "a second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In addition, the technical solutions of the embodiments may be combined with each other, but it is necessary to base that the technical solutions can be realized by those skilled in the art, and when the technical solutions are contradictory or cannot be realized, the combination of the technical solutions should be considered to be absent and not within the scope of protection claimed in the present invention.
In one embodiment, in conjunction with fig. 1, there is provided a public parking lot location planning method based on supply-demand balance and accessibility optimization, the method comprising the steps of:
step 1, determining N preliminary point distribution schemes of public parking lots according to residential community distribution in a patch area, wherein each preliminary point distribution scheme comprises M public parking lots, and N and M are natural numbers greater than or equal to 1;
step 2, establishing a public parking lot parking space supply quantity measuring and calculating model;
step 3, establishing a residential district parking space demand gap measuring and calculating model;
step 4, establishing an objective function of balance between the supply quantity of parking spaces of the public parking lot and the demand gaps of parking spaces of the residential district according to the measurement model established in the step 2 and the step 3;
step 5, considering the reachability between the residential district and the public parking lot, and establishing an objective function of the reachability between the public parking lot and the residential district;
step 6, building a public parking lot distribution model with optimal supply-demand balance and accessibility according to the objective function built in the step 4 and the step 5;
and 7, calculating the model value of each preliminary point distribution scheme according to the point distribution model established in the step 6, and taking the preliminary point distribution scheme with the maximum model value as the point distribution planning scheme of the public parking lot in the area.
Further, in one embodiment, the measurement model of the number of parking spaces in the public parking lot in step 2 is:
wherein S is nm Supplying the number of parking spaces for the M-th public parking lot in the N-th parking scheme, n=1, …, N, m=1, …, M, s nm The area of the m public parking lot in the nth point arrangement scheme is s is the area of a single parking space, L nm Is the mth public in the nth point arrangement schemeThe number of layers which can be built in the same parking lot is smaller than or equal to the highest number of layers L which can be built max 。
Further, in one embodiment, the parking space demand gap measurement model of the residential district in step 3 is:
D nmi ＝C nmi -R nmi *A nmi
wherein D is nmi Is a parking requirement gap of an ith residential district in the coverage area of an mth public parking lot in an nth point arrangement scheme, D nmi Typically negative, C nmi R is the number of cars of the ith residential district in the coverage area of the mth public parking lot in the nth point arrangement scheme nmi Is the number of the i-th residential district in the coverage area of the m-th public parking lot in the nth point arrangement scheme, A nmi And (3) establishing a standard for parking spaces of an ith residential district in the coverage area of an mth public parking lot in an nth point distribution scheme, wherein I is a natural number which is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to I, and I is the number of residential districts in the coverage area.
Further, in one embodiment, in the step 4, the calculating model established according to the step 2 and the step 3 establishes an objective function of balancing the supply quantity of parking spaces of the public parking lot with the demand gap of parking spaces of the residential district, and the specific process includes:
step 4-1, calculating probability P from each residential district to the public parking lot in the coverage area of the public parking place i→nm ：
Wherein P is i→nm Is the probability of parking from the ith residential district to the mth public parking lot in the coverage area of the mth public parking lot in the nth point arrangement scheme, d i→nm The shortest path distance from the ith residential district to the mth public parking lot in the nth point arrangement scheme is set as r, and the radius of the influence range of the public parking lot is set as r;
step 4-2, calculating the parking requirement of the residential district in the coverage area of the public parking lot to the public parking lotQuantity D i→nm ：
D i→nm ＝D nmi *P i→nm
Wherein D is i→nm The number from the parking requirement of the ith residential district to the mth public parking lot in the coverage area of the mth public parking lot in the nth point arrangement scheme;
step 4-3, calculating the parking demand D of the public parking lot nm ：
Wherein D is nm The parking requirement of the m public parking lot in the nth point arrangement scheme is met;
step 4-4, establishing an objective function of supply and demand balance between the supply quantity of parking spaces of the public parking lot and the demand gaps of the parking spaces of the residential district:
for a single public parking lot, the number of parking spaces required to be supplied by the public parking lot is more than or equal to the parking requirement, and less than or equal to the maximum number of available parking spaces, namely:
objective function f of supply-demand balance between parking space supply and parking demand gap of public parking lot of nth point arrangement scheme 1n The method comprises the following steps:
further, in one embodiment, the step 5 considers the reachability between the residential district and the public parking lot, and establishes an objective function of the reachability between the public parking lot and the residential district, which specifically includes:
step 5-1, calculating the accessibility of the residential district to the public parking lot:
wherein d nm The accessibility between the m public parking lot and residential cells in the coverage range of the m public parking lot in the nth point arrangement scheme is given;
step 5-2, establishing an objective function f of reachability between the public parking lot and the residential district 2n ：
Further, in one embodiment, the public parking lot location model with optimal supply-demand balance and accessibility in step 6 is f n ：
In one embodiment, a public parking lot location planning system based on supply-demand balance and accessibility optimization is provided, the system comprising:
the preliminary distribution scheme generation module is used for determining N preliminary distribution schemes of the public parking lots according to residential district distribution in the sheet area, wherein each preliminary distribution scheme comprises M public parking lots, and N and M are natural numbers greater than or equal to 1;
the first model building module is used for building a public parking lot parking space supply quantity measuring and calculating model;
the second model building module is used for building a residential district parking space demand gap measuring and calculating model;
the first objective function building module is used for building objective functions of balance between the supply quantity of parking spaces of the public parking lot and the demand gap of the parking spaces of the residential district by using the two measuring and calculating models;
the second objective function building module is used for building an objective function of the reachability between the public parking lot and the residential district by considering the reachability between the residential district and the public parking lot;
the third model building module is used for building a public parking lot distribution model with optimal supply-demand balance and accessibility according to the two objective functions;
and the optimal point distribution planning scheme determining module is used for calculating the model value of each preliminary point distribution scheme by the public parking lot point distribution model with optimal supply-demand balance and accessibility, and taking the preliminary point distribution scheme with the maximum model value as the point distribution planning scheme of the public parking lot in the sheet area.
The specific limitation of the public parking lot point planning system based on the optimal supply-demand balance and the optimal accessibility can be referred to the limitation of the public parking lot point planning method based on the optimal supply-demand balance and the optimal accessibility hereinabove, and the description thereof is omitted herein. The modules in the public parking lot point planning system based on the supply-demand balance and the optimal accessibility can be fully or partially realized by software, hardware and a combination thereof. The above modules may be embedded in hardware or may be independent of a processor in the computer device, or may be stored in software in a memory in the computer device, so that the processor may call and execute operations corresponding to the above modules.
In one embodiment, a computer device is provided comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, the processor implementing the steps of when executing the computer program:
step 1, determining N preliminary point distribution schemes of public parking lots according to residential community distribution in a patch area, wherein each preliminary point distribution scheme comprises M public parking lots, and N and M are natural numbers greater than or equal to 1;
step 2, establishing a public parking lot parking space supply quantity measuring and calculating model;
step 3, establishing a residential district parking space demand gap measuring and calculating model;
step 4, establishing an objective function of balance between the supply quantity of parking spaces of the public parking lot and the demand gaps of parking spaces of the residential district according to the measurement model established in the step 2 and the step 3;
step 5, considering the reachability between the residential district and the public parking lot, and establishing an objective function of the reachability between the public parking lot and the residential district;
step 6, building a public parking lot distribution model with optimal supply-demand balance and accessibility according to the objective function built in the step 4 and the step 5;
and 7, calculating the model value of each preliminary point distribution scheme according to the point distribution model established in the step 6, and taking the preliminary point distribution scheme with the maximum model value as the point distribution planning scheme of the public parking lot in the area.
The specific limitation of each step can be referred to above as limitation of the public parking lot layout method based on the supply-demand balance and the optimal accessibility, and will not be described herein.
In one embodiment, a computer readable storage medium is provided having a computer program stored thereon, which when executed by a processor, performs the steps of:
step 1, determining N preliminary point distribution schemes of public parking lots according to residential community distribution in a patch area, wherein each preliminary point distribution scheme comprises M public parking lots, and N and M are natural numbers greater than or equal to 1;
step 2, establishing a public parking lot parking space supply quantity measuring and calculating model;
step 3, establishing a residential district parking space demand gap measuring and calculating model;
step 4, establishing an objective function of balance between the supply quantity of parking spaces of the public parking lot and the demand gaps of parking spaces of the residential district according to the measurement model established in the step 2 and the step 3;
step 5, considering the reachability between the residential district and the public parking lot, and establishing an objective function of the reachability between the public parking lot and the residential district;
step 6, building a public parking lot distribution model with optimal supply-demand balance and accessibility according to the objective function built in the step 4 and the step 5;
and 7, calculating the model value of each preliminary point distribution scheme according to the point distribution model established in the step 6, and taking the preliminary point distribution scheme with the maximum model value as the point distribution planning scheme of the public parking lot in the area.
The specific limitation of each step can be referred to above as limitation of the public parking lot layout method based on the supply-demand balance and the optimal accessibility, and will not be described herein.
As a specific example, in one embodiment, taking a public parking lot layout in a certain area as an example, the public parking lot layout method based on optimal supply-demand balance and accessibility is further verified and described.
Referring to fig. 1, the public parking lot point arrangement planning method based on optimal supply-demand balance and accessibility of the invention comprises the following steps:
1. according to residential district distribution and road network layout in a district, three preliminary schemes of public parking lot distribution in the district are proposed, as shown in fig. 2, in the first scheme, 3 public parking lots are included.
2. Establishing a public parking lot parking space supply quantity measuring and calculating model: taking the 1 st public parking lot in the scheme one as an example, the area of the 1 st public parking lot is s 11 Area of single parking space of planar parking lot, stereo parking lot (underground or underground) is respectively 30 square meter, 25 square meter, in general, the highest layer number of public parking lot is not higher than 5 layers, L max =5. The 1 st public parking lot in the first scheme supplies the parking space of the number ofAnd judging the number of layers of construction according to the size of the parking demand gap of the residential district in the coverage area of the public parking lot.
3. Establishing a residential district parking space demand gap measuring and calculating model: in the first scheme, 4 residential communities are shared in the coverage area of the 1 st public parking area, and the 1 st residential community is taken as an example, and the number of the cars is C 111 Number of households R =100 111 150-user parking space allocation standard A 111 =0.8 cars/household, then parking requirement gap D for 1 st residential district 111 =100-150×0.8= -20.
4. Establishing an objective function of balance between the supply quantity of parking spaces of a public parking lot and the demand gap of the parking spaces of a residential district:
4.1, in general, the public parking lot arrives by walking, and the walking speed is calculated according to 50-80 m/min, the radius of the 5-minute reachable range area is about 300 m, so the coverage radius r=300 m of the public parking lot is preset, and the shortest path distance d from the 1 st residential district to the 1 st public parking lot in the scheme one 1→11 Probability of 1 st residential district to 1 st public parking in scenario one =150 meters
4.2 number D of 1 st residential district to 1 st public parking lot in 1 st public parking place coverage area 1→11 -20 x 0.5 = -10;
4.3, calculating the parking demand gap of the other 3 residential communities covered by the 1 st public parking place in the scheme I according to the steps, and finally calculating the parking demand D of the 1 st public parking place in the scheme I 11 = -80:
4.4, establishing an objective function of the supply and demand balance between the supply quantity of the parking spaces of the public parking lot and the demand gaps of the parking spaces of the residential district: taking the 1 st public parking lot in the scheme one as an example, the area is 1500 square meters, and if a plane parking lot is constructed, only the public parking lot can be providedThe number of parking spaces is 1 st public parking lot, at least two layers are built to meet the requirement, and the number of the available parking spaces is +.>A plurality of; according to the steps, calculating the supply quantity of the parking spaces of the other two public parking spaces in the scheme I and the parking space demand gap of the residential district, wherein the objective function of the supply and demand balance between the supply and demand gap of the parking spaces of the public parking spaces in the scheme I is +.>
5. Establishing an objective function of reachability between the public parking lot and the residential district:
5.1 taking the 1 st public parking lot in scheme one as an example, the shortest path distance d from the 1 st residential district to the 1 st public parking lot in scheme one 1→11 Parking demand gap D for 1 st residential district =150 meters 111 The reachability between the 1 st residential district and the 1 st public parking area in scheme one is that =100-150 x 0.8 = -20According to the steps, calculating the accessibility between the other 3 residential communities covered by the 1 st public parking place and the 1 st public parking place in the scheme I to obtain the accessibility between the 1 st public parking place and the residential communities in the coverage area of the 1 st public parking place in the scheme I>
5.2 objective function of reachability between public parking area and residential district of scheme one
6. Calculating the objective function f of the scheme II according to the steps 12 、f 22 Objective function f of scheme three 13 、f 23 Calculating a public parking lot distribution model value f with optimal supply-demand balance and accessibility of a scheme I, a scheme II and a scheme III respectively 1 、f 2 、f 3 Taking the preliminary point distribution scheme of the maximum model value as the point distribution planning scheme of the public parking lot in the area.
In summary, the accessibility between the public parking lot and the residential community is considered, and the parking space supply of the public parking lot and the parking demand gap of the residential community are tightly combined, so that the efficient utilization of the public parking lot and the efficient meeting of the parking demand gap of the residential community can be promoted. Has the advantage of strong pertinence.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that, unless otherwise defined, all terms (including technical and scientific terms) used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. It will be further understood that terms, such as those defined in commonly used dictionaries, should be interpreted as having a meaning that is consistent with their meaning in the context of the prior art and will not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formal sense unless expressly so defined herein.
While the foregoing is directed to embodiments of the present invention, other and further details of the invention may be had by the present invention, it should be understood that the foregoing description is merely illustrative of the present invention and that no limitations are intended to the scope of the invention, except insofar as modifications, equivalents, improvements or modifications are within the spirit and principles of the invention.
Claims (8)
1. The public parking lot point arrangement planning method based on supply-demand balance and optimal accessibility is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, determining N preliminary point distribution schemes of public parking lots according to residential community distribution in a patch area, wherein each preliminary point distribution scheme comprises M public parking lots, and N and M are natural numbers greater than or equal to 1;
step 2, establishing a public parking lot parking space supply quantity measuring and calculating model;
step 3, establishing a residential district parking space demand gap measuring and calculating model;
step 4, establishing an objective function of balance between the supply quantity of parking spaces of the public parking lot and the demand gaps of parking spaces of the residential district according to the measurement model established in the step 2 and the step 3;
step 5, considering the reachability between the residential district and the public parking lot, and establishing an objective function of the reachability between the public parking lot and the residential district;
step 6, building a public parking lot distribution model with optimal supply-demand balance and accessibility according to the objective function built in the step 4 and the step 5; public parking lot distribution point with optimal supply-demand balance and accessibilityThe model is f n ：
Wherein f 1n Objective function of supply-demand balance between parking space supply and parking demand gap for n-th parking lot of point arrangement scheme, f 2n D, an objective function of reachability between public parking lot and residential district nm For the parking requirement of the m-th public parking lot in the n-th point arrangement scheme, d nm For the accessibility between the m public parking lot and the residential cells in the coverage area of the m public parking lot in the n-th point arrangement scheme, S nm Supplying the number of parking spaces of the m-th public parking lot in the nth point arrangement scheme, n=1, …, N;
and 7, calculating the model value of each preliminary point distribution scheme according to the point distribution model established in the step 6, and taking the preliminary point distribution scheme with the maximum model value as the point distribution planning scheme of the public parking lot in the area.
2. The public parking lot point arrangement planning method based on optimal supply-demand balance and accessibility according to claim 1, wherein the public parking lot parking space supply quantity measuring and calculating model in the step 2 is as follows:
wherein S is nm Supplying the number of parking spaces for the m-th public parking lot in the n-th parking scheme, n=1, l, n, m=1, l, m, s nm The area of the m public parking lot in the nth point arrangement scheme is s is the area of a single parking space, L nm The number of layers which can be built for the m public parking lot in the nth point arrangement scheme is smaller than or equal to the highest layer L which can be built max 。
3. The public parking lot point planning method based on optimal supply-demand balance and accessibility according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the residential district parking space demand gap measuring and calculating model in step 3 is as follows:
D nmi ＝C nmi -R nmi *A nmi
wherein D is nmi Is a parking requirement gap of an ith residential district in the coverage area of an mth public parking lot in an nth point arrangement scheme, D nmi Typically negative, C nmi R is the number of cars of the ith residential district in the coverage area of the mth public parking lot in the nth point arrangement scheme nmi Is the number of the i-th residential district in the coverage area of the m-th public parking lot in the nth point arrangement scheme, A nmi And (3) establishing a standard for parking spaces of an ith residential district in the coverage area of an mth public parking lot in an nth point distribution scheme, wherein I is a natural number which is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to I, and I is the number of residential districts in the coverage area.
4. The public parking lot point arrangement planning method based on optimal supply-demand balance and accessibility according to claim 3, wherein in step 4, the objective function of balance between the supply quantity of the parking spaces of the public parking lot and the demand gap of the parking spaces of the residential district is established according to the measurement and calculation model established in step 2 and step 3, and the specific process includes:
step 4-1, calculating probability P from each residential district to the public parking lot in the coverage area of the public parking place i→nm ：
Wherein P is i→nm Is the probability of parking from the ith residential district to the mth public parking lot in the coverage area of the mth public parking lot in the nth point arrangement scheme, d i→nm The shortest path distance from the ith residential district to the mth public parking lot in the nth point arrangement scheme is set as r, and the radius of the influence range of the public parking lot is set as r;
step 4-2, calculating the parking requirements of residential communities in the coverage area of the public parking lot to the public parking lotNumber D of parking lots i→nm ：
D i→nm ＝(-D nmi )*P i→nm
Wherein D is i→nm The number from the parking requirement of the ith residential district to the mth public parking lot in the coverage area of the mth public parking lot in the nth point arrangement scheme;
step 4-3, calculating the parking demand D of the public parking lot nm ：
Wherein D is nm The parking requirement of the m public parking lot in the nth point arrangement scheme is met;
step 4-4, establishing an objective function of supply and demand balance between the supply quantity of parking spaces of the public parking lot and the demand gaps of the parking spaces of the residential district:
for a single public parking lot, the number of parking spaces required to be supplied by the public parking lot is more than or equal to the parking requirement, and less than or equal to the maximum number of available parking spaces, namely:
objective function f of supply-demand balance between parking space supply and parking demand gap of public parking lot of nth point arrangement scheme 1n The method comprises the following steps:
5. the public parking lot location planning method based on supply-demand balance and accessibility optimization according to claim 4, wherein in step 5, the accessibility of the residential district and the public parking lot is considered, and an objective function of the accessibility between the public parking lot and the residential district is established, and the specific process includes:
step 5-1, calculating the accessibility of the residential district to the public parking lot:
wherein d nm The accessibility between the m public parking lot and residential cells in the coverage range of the m public parking lot in the nth point arrangement scheme is given;
step 5-2, establishing an objective function f of reachability between the public parking lot and the residential district 2n ：
6. A public parking lot point placement planning system based on supply-demand balance and optimal accessibility, the system comprising:
the preliminary distribution scheme generation module is used for determining N preliminary distribution schemes of the public parking lots according to residential district distribution in the sheet area, wherein each preliminary distribution scheme comprises M public parking lots, and N and M are natural numbers greater than or equal to 1;
the first model building module is used for building a public parking lot parking space supply quantity measuring and calculating model;
the second model building module is used for building a residential district parking space demand gap measuring and calculating model;
the first objective function building module is used for building objective functions of balance between the supply quantity of parking spaces of the public parking lot and the demand gap of the parking spaces of the residential district by using the two measuring and calculating models;
the second objective function building module is used for building an objective function of the reachability between the public parking lot and the residential district by considering the reachability between the residential district and the public parking lot;
a third model construction module for establishing a public parking lot with optimal supply-demand balance and accessibility according to the two objective functionsA dotting model; the public parking lot point distribution model with optimal supply-demand balance and accessibility is f n ：
Wherein f 1n Objective function of supply-demand balance between parking space supply and parking demand gap for n-th parking lot of point arrangement scheme, f 2n D, an objective function of reachability between public parking lot and residential district nm For the parking requirement of the m-th public parking lot in the n-th point arrangement scheme, d nm For the accessibility between the m public parking lot and the residential cells in the coverage area of the m public parking lot in the n-th point arrangement scheme, S nm Supplying the number of parking spaces of the m-th public parking lot in the nth point arrangement scheme, n=1, …, N;
and the optimal point distribution planning scheme determining module is used for calculating the model value of each preliminary point distribution scheme by the public parking lot point distribution model with optimal supply-demand balance and accessibility, and taking the preliminary point distribution scheme with the maximum model value as the point distribution planning scheme of the public parking lot in the sheet area.
7. A computer device comprising a memory, a processor and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, characterized in that the processor implements the steps of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 5 when the computer program is executed by the processor.
8. A computer readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, characterized in that the computer program, when being executed by a processor, implements the steps of the method of any of claims 1 to 5.
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| CN113554270B (en) * | 2021-06-11 | 2023-09-01 | 华设设计集团股份有限公司 | Method for determining construction scale of head and tail stations of matched buses |
| CN113807575A (en) * | 2021-08-27 | 2021-12-17 | 东软集团股份有限公司 | Parking demand prediction method and device, readable storage medium and electronic equipment |
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