CN112731353A - High-precision optical calibration device and method for large-range distance measurement - Google Patents
High-precision optical calibration device and method for large-range distance measurement Download PDFInfo
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- CN112731353A CN112731353A CN202011526965.6A CN202011526965A CN112731353A CN 112731353 A CN112731353 A CN 112731353A CN 202011526965 A CN202011526965 A CN 202011526965A CN 112731353 A CN112731353 A CN 112731353A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/48—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S17/00
- G01S7/497—Means for monitoring or calibrating
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S17/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of electromagnetic waves other than radio waves, e.g. lidar systems
- G01S17/02—Systems using the reflection of electromagnetic waves other than radio waves
- G01S17/06—Systems determining position data of a target
- G01S17/08—Systems determining position data of a target for measuring distance only
- G01S17/10—Systems determining position data of a target for measuring distance only using transmission of interrupted, pulse-modulated waves
Abstract
The invention discloses a high-precision optical calibration device and method for wide-range distance measurement.A laser, an electro-optical modulator, a long optical fiber, a photoelectric detector, a microwave amplification and filter, a quartz rod, a wavelength division multiplexer and other optical and electronic devices are utilized to form two OEO resonant cavities comprising a common loop part, and the two resonant cavities are alternatively vibrated by an optical switch; the femtosecond range pulse sent by the femtosecond pulse range finder enters a calibration light path for measuring a large range distance, and then returns to the femtosecond pulse range finder through a lens original path after passing through the long optical fiber and a wavelength division multiplexer again; the long optical fiber is controlled by a cavity length stabilizing controller, namely the cavity length is controlled by a phase-locked loop, so that the photoelectric resonant frequency is kept stable, and the purpose of stabilizing the optical path is achieved; in addition, the cavity length of the part except the long optical fiber is kept stable by using secondary modulation distance measurement; therefore, the femtosecond pulse range finder is calibrated under the condition that the long optical fiber and other parts of the cavity length are stable.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of laser ranging, in particular to a wide-range long-distance high-precision measuring system based on a photoelectric oscillator.
Background
With the development of space technologies such as satellite formation technology and the like, a high-precision measurement space measurement baseline is formed by measuring the distance between satellites, and the observation precision of the earth and the deep space can be greatly improved. In addition, in applications such as gravitational field measurement, high-precision measurement of inter-satellite distances is also required. Aiming at the application, in recent years, a wide-range and high-precision inter-satellite distance measurement technology, particularly a laser distance measurement technology, is rapidly developed. However, it is difficult to perform high-precision on-orbit calibration on a load measuring device in space, and effective calibration and test on a distance measuring load on the ground become a necessary choice, but due to the large range (km to hundreds of km) of inter-satellite distance measurement and the interference of atmospheric disturbance, vibration and geology on the ground, it is difficult to achieve the precision required by instrument calibration in the ground environment. Therefore, the development of the testing and calibration technology for the high-precision and large-range inter-satellite distance measurement load under the ground condition has important scientific significance and practical requirements. Solving the problem can greatly improve the observation precision and level of people to the targets of the earth, deep space and the like, and make a contribution to the development of national defense and national economy.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a high-precision optical calibration technology for measuring a large-range distance, which realizes an optical fiber link with accurate length measurement and high stability, is used for simulating the space distance between satellites and further realizes the calibration and measurement of inter-satellite distance measuring equipment in a ground environment. The scheme uses the principle of long cavity resonance, namely, the optical fiber for measurement is used as a part of a high-Q-value resonant cavity, the change of the length of the resonant cavity can cause the change of resonant frequency, so that the change of the resonant cavity is obtained by detecting the resonant frequency, and the overall stability of the whole resonant cavity can be ensured by lock phase control; and controlling the stability of the non-measurement optical fiber part in the resonant cavity by adopting a secondary modulation technology. The stability of the total cavity length and the stability of the non-measuring cavity part ensures the stability of the long optical fiber used for measurement. After oscillation starting, ranging pulses of the femtosecond range finder enter a long optical fiber with stable optical path through a lens, a wavelength division multiplexer and the long optical fiber, then return to the femtosecond range finder through a primary path after being reflected by a reflector, and calibrate the range finder according to the measured length of the long optical fiber.
In order to solve the above technical problem, the present invention provides a high precision optical calibration device for wide range distance measurement, which comprises the following optical and electronic devices: the device comprises two electro-optical modulators, two photoelectric detectors, two wavelength division multiplexers, two optical switches, a semiconductor laser, a cavity length stabilizing controller, a long optical fiber, a quartz rod, a microwave filter, a microwave phase shifter, a microwave amplifier, a reflector and a lens; the two electro-optical modulators are respectively marked as a first electro-optical modulator and a second electro-optical modulator, the two photoelectric detectors are respectively marked as a first photoelectric detector and a second photoelectric detector, the two wavelength division multiplexers are respectively marked as a first wavelength division multiplexer and a second wavelength division multiplexer, and the two optical switches are respectively marked as a first optical switch and a second optical switch; the optical and electronic devices are utilized to form two OEO resonant cavities containing a common loop part, and the two resonant cavities are alternatively vibrated through two optical switches; the femtosecond pulse range finder sends femtosecond range pulses with the wavelength of lambda 1 to enter a calibration optical path for measuring a large range distance, namely, the femtosecond range pulses pass through an optical interface formed by a lens, sequentially pass through a first wavelength division multiplexer, then enter the long optical fiber, pass through a second optical switch and a second wavelength division multiplexer, are reflected by a reflector, pass through the long optical fiber, the first optical switch and the first wavelength division multiplexer again, then return to the femtosecond pulse range finder through a primary path of the lens, and the semiconductor laser sends laser with the wavelength of lambda 2 to serve as a resonant light source of an OEO resonant cavity; the long optical fiber is controlled by a cavity length stabilizing controller, the cavity length stabilizing controller consists of a phase-locked loop, namely, the cavity length is controlled by the phase-locked loop, so that the photoelectric resonant frequency is kept stable, and the aim of stabilizing the optical path is fulfilled; in addition, the microwave output from the microwave amplifier realizes secondary modulation distance measurement through a second electro-optical modulator and a second photoelectric detector, and the cavity length of the part except the long optical fiber is kept stable; therefore, the femtosecond pulse range finder is calibrated under the condition that the long optical fiber and other parts of the cavity length are stable.
Furthermore, in the device, two OEO resonant cavities including a common loop part are respectively an OEO first resonant cavity and an OEO second resonant cavity; the OEO first resonant cavity consists of the semiconductor laser, a first electro-optical modulator, a first wavelength division multiplexer, a first optical switch, a cavity length controller, a long optical fiber, a second optical switch, a second wavelength division multiplexer, a first photoelectric detector, a microwave filter, a microwave phase shifter and a microwave amplifier; the OEO second resonant cavity is composed of the semiconductor laser, the first electro-optical modulator, the first wavelength division multiplexer, the first optical switch, the quartz rod, the second optical switch, the second wavelength division multiplexer, the first photoelectric detector, the microwave filter, the microwave phase shifter and the microwave amplifier.
Meanwhile, the invention also provides a method for calibrating by using the high-precision optical calibration device for measuring the large-range distance, which comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: an optical signal with the wavelength of lambda 2 emitted by the semiconductor laser sequentially passes through the first electro-optical modulator, the first wavelength division multiplexer, the first optical switch, the cavity length stabilizing controller, the long optical fiber, the second optical switch and the second wavelength division multiplexer and then is divided into two paths, wherein one path is converted into an electric signal through the first photoelectric detector, and the other path is sent into the second electro-optical modulator;
step two: the electric signal obtained in the first step is processed by a microwave filter, a microwave phase shifter and a microwave amplifier in sequence and then is sent to a first electro-optical modulator, so that an OEO loop is formed;
step three: after passing through a second photoelectric detector, an optical signal sent into a second electro-optical modulator in the first step is used as a secondary modulation distance measurement signal to act on the microwave phase shifter so as to ensure that the cavity length of the OEO resonant cavity except for the long optical fiber and the quartz rod is stable;
step four: cutting laser generated by a semiconductor laser to an OEO first resonant cavity comprising one path of the long optical fiber by utilizing the conducting states of a first optical switch and a second optical switch, wherein the change of the length of the long optical fiber can cause the change of the OEO resonant frequency, and measuring the error between the OEO resonant frequency and the frequency reference to obtain the change of the length of the long optical fiber and the total length of the cavity length of the current OEO first resonant cavity;
step five: cutting laser generated by a semiconductor laser to an OEO second resonant cavity containing one path of the quartz rod by utilizing the conducting states of the first optical switch and the second optical switch, wherein the length of the quartz rod is known, the total length of the cavity length of the OEO second resonant cavity is obtained by measuring the resonant frequency of the current OEO second resonant cavity, and the length of the part except the quartz rod is obtained by calculation;
step six: obtaining the length of the long optical fiber by taking the difference between the total length of the cavity lengths of the first OEO resonant cavity obtained in the step four and the total length of the cavity lengths of the second OEO resonant cavity obtained in the step five;
step seven: converting the error value of the OEO resonant frequency and the frequency reference obtained by calculation in the step four into a control quantity by using a PID algorithm, and using the control quantity as a cavity length stability control signal to control the cavity length stability controller to enable the length of the long optical fiber to be stable;
step eight: femtosecond ranging pulses with the wavelength of lambda 1 sent by the femtosecond pulse range finder enter the long optical fiber through the lens, the first wavelength division multiplexer and the first optical switch, reach the reflector through the second wavelength division multiplexer and the second optical switch, are reflected back to the original optical path through the reflector, and finally return to the femtosecond pulse range finder along the original path, and the absolute distance to be calibrated is obtained through measurement;
step nine: and comparing the absolute distance to be calibrated obtained by the eight-step femtosecond pulse distance meter with the length of the long optical fiber obtained by the six-step femtosecond pulse distance meter, and finishing the correction of the femtosecond pulse distance meter by using errors.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the ultra-long optical fiber optical path stabilization and measurement system realized by the invention is not influenced by the nonlinearity of the device.
(2) The invention converts the length stability and the measurement precision into the time stability and the measurement precision by measuring the resonant frequency, the resonant frequency changes along with the change of the length of the long optical fiber, and the ultra-long optical fiber optical path stabilizing and measuring system is realized by calculating the frequency change.
(3) The invention provides a method for realizing stable and high-precision measurement of a measurement optical fiber by adopting a secondary resonance and secondary modulation method. The measuring optical fiber is extracted from the length of the whole resonant cavity through secondary resonance, the conversion from the measuring precision of the resonant cavity to the measuring precision of the measured optical fiber is realized through the high-precision quartz rod, and the traceability is realized; the stability of the non-measurement optical fiber part in the resonance loop is realized by a secondary modulation method, so that the stability of the resonance loop is transferred to the stability of the measurement optical fiber, and finally the high-precision measurement and the high stability of the measurement optical fiber are realized.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a high-precision optical calibration apparatus and method for wide-range distance measurement according to the present invention.
In the figure:
1-first electro-optical modulator 2-second photodetector 3-semiconductor laser
4-first wavelength division multiplexer 5-first optical switch 6-cavity length stable controller
7-long optical fiber 8-second optical switch 9-quartz rod
10-second wavelength division multiplexer 11-first photodetector 12-microwave filter
13-microwave phase shifter 14-microwave amplifier 15-second electro-optical modulator
16-mirror 17-lens
Detailed Description
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "first" and "second" are used only for the purpose of distinctively describing specific devices, and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
The invention will be further described with reference to the following figures and specific examples, which are not intended to limit the invention in any way.
As shown in fig. 1, the present invention provides a high-precision optical calibration device for large-range distance measurement, which includes the following optical and electronic devices: two electro-optical modulators, two photodetectors, two wavelength division multiplexers, two optical switches, a semiconductor laser 3, a cavity length stabilizing controller 6, a long optical fiber 7, a quartz rod 9, a microwave filter 12, a microwave phase shifter 13, a microwave amplifier 14, a reflector 16 and a lens 17; the two electro-optical modulators are respectively marked as a first electro-optical modulator 1 and a second electro-optical modulator 15, the two photodetectors are respectively marked as a first photodetector 11 and a second photodetector 2, the two wavelength division multiplexers are respectively marked as a first wavelength division multiplexer 4 and a second wavelength division multiplexer 10, and the two optical switches are respectively marked as a first optical switch 5 and a second optical switch 8.
In the device, the optical and electronic devices are utilized to form two OEO resonant cavities comprising a common loop part, and the two resonant cavities are alternatively vibrated by two optical switches; the femtosecond pulse range finder emits femtosecond range pulses with the wavelength of lambda 1 to enter a calibration optical path for measuring a large range distance, and the calibration optical path is composed of the first wavelength division multiplexer 4, the first optical switch 5, the long optical fiber 7, the second optical switch 8, the second wavelength division multiplexer 10, the reflector 16 and the lens 17; that is, the femtosecond ranging pulse passes through the optical interface formed by the lens 17, sequentially passes through the first wavelength division multiplexer 4 and the first optical switch 5, enters the long optical fiber 7, passes through the second optical switch 8, is reflected by the second wavelength division multiplexer 10 through the reflector 16, passes through the long optical fiber 7 again, passes through the first wavelength division multiplexer 4 and the first optical switch 5, and returns to the femtosecond pulse range finder through the original path of the lens 17; the semiconductor laser 3 emits laser with the wavelength of lambda 2 as a resonant light source of the OEO, and the two OEO resonant cavities start oscillation alternately by controlling the states of the first optical switch 5 and the second optical switch 8, so that the high-precision measurement of the length of the long optical fiber 7 is realized, and the control of a cavity length stable controller is further realized; the long optical fiber 7 is controlled by a cavity length stabilizing controller 6, the cavity length stabilizing controller consists of a phase-locked loop, namely, the cavity length is controlled by the phase-locked loop, so that the photoelectric resonant frequency is kept stable, and the aim of stabilizing the optical path is fulfilled; besides, the microwave emitted by the microwave amplifier 14 realizes secondary modulation distance measurement through the second electro-optical modulator 15 and the second photodetector 2, and the cavity length of the part except the long optical fiber 7 is kept stable; therefore, the femtosecond pulse range finder is calibrated under the condition that the long optical fiber and other parts of the cavity length are stable.
In the device, the two OEO resonant cavities including the common loop part are respectively an OEO first resonant cavity and an OEO second resonant cavity. The OEO first resonant cavity consists of the semiconductor laser 3, the first electro-optical modulator 1, the first wavelength division multiplexer 4, the first optical switch 5, the cavity length controller 6, the long optical fiber 7, the second optical switch 8, the second wavelength division multiplexer 10, the first photoelectric detector 11, the microwave filter 12, the microwave phase shifter 13 and the microwave amplifier 14; the OEO second resonant cavity is composed of the semiconductor laser 3, the first electro-optical modulator 1, the first wavelength division multiplexer 4, the first optical switch 5, the quartz rod 9, the second optical switch 8, the second wavelength division multiplexer 10, the first photodetector 11, the microwave filter 12, the microwave phase shifter 13 and the microwave amplifier 14.
The high-precision optical calibration device for measuring the large-range distance is used for correcting the femtosecond pulse range finder, and the correction steps are as follows:
the method comprises the following steps: an optical signal with the wavelength of lambda 2, which is emitted by the semiconductor laser 3, sequentially passes through the first electro-optical modulator 1, the first wavelength division multiplexer 4, the first optical switch 5, the cavity length stability controller 6, the long optical fiber 7, the second optical switch 8 and the second wavelength division multiplexer 10, and then is divided into two paths, wherein one path is converted into an electrical signal through the first optical detector 11, and the other path is sent into the second electro-optical modulator 15;
step two: the electric signal obtained in the first step is processed by a microwave filter 12, a microwave phase shifter 13 and a microwave amplifier 14 in sequence and then is sent to a first electro-optical modulator 1, so that an OEO loop is formed;
step three: after passing through the second photoelectric detector 2, the optical signal sent into the second electro-optical modulator 15 in the first step is used as a secondary modulation distance measurement signal to act on the microwave phase shifter 13, and the cavity length of the OEO resonant cavity except for the long optical fiber 7 and the quartz rod 9 is ensured to be stable through the microwave phase shifter 13;
step four: the laser generated by the semiconductor laser 3 is cut to an OEO first resonant cavity comprising one path of the long optical fiber 7 by utilizing the conducting states of the first optical switch 5 and the second optical switch 8, the change of the length of the long optical fiber 7 can cause the change of the OEO resonant frequency, and the error between the OEO resonant frequency and the frequency reference is measured to obtain the current long OEO resonant frequencyThe amount of change in the length of the optical fiber 7 and the total length of the cavity length of the current OEO first resonant cavity. That is, the first resonant cavity of the OEO is oscillated by controlling the states of the first optical switch 5 and the second optical switch 8, the resonant frequency of the first resonant cavity is measured, and the total length L of the first resonant cavity is calculated by using the relation between the measured resonant frequency and the cavity lengthOverall length 1，LOverall length 1＝LLong optical fiber+LOthers 1，LLong optical fiberIs the loop length, L, of the long optical fiberOthers 1Is the length of the other part that constitutes the first cavity.
Step five: and cutting laser light generated by the semiconductor laser 3 to an OEO second resonant cavity comprising one path of the quartz rod 9 by utilizing the conducting states of the first optical switch 5 and the second optical switch 8, wherein the length of the quartz rod 9 is known, the total length of the cavity length of the OEO second resonant cavity is obtained by measuring the resonant frequency of the current OEO second resonant cavity, and the length of the part except the quartz rod 9 is calculated. That is, the states of the first optical switch 5 and the second optical switch 8 are changed to make the second resonant cavity of the OEO oscillate, and the total length L of the second resonant cavity is obtained by measuring the resonant frequency of the second resonant cavityOverall length 2，LOverall length 2＝LQuartz rod+LOthers 2，LQuartz rodIs the loop length, L, of the quartz rod 9Others 2Is the length of the other part constituting the second cavity;
in the invention, the return signal is modulated for the second time by the second electro-optical modulator 15, and the microwave phase shifter 13 ensures L in the first resonant cavityOthers 1Or L in the first resonant cavityOthers 2Is stable in length.
Step six: and D, obtaining the length L of the long optical fiber 7 by taking the difference between the total length of the cavity lengths of the first OEO resonant cavity obtained in the step four and the total length of the cavity lengths of the second OEO resonant cavity obtained in the step fiveLong optical fiber＝LOverall length 2-LOverall length 1。
Step seven: converting the error value (namely offset) of the resonant frequency of the first resonant cavity of the OEO obtained by the calculation in the step four and the frequency reference into a control quantity by utilizing a PID algorithm and acting on the cavity length stable controller 6The cavity length stability controller 6 is controlled as a cavity length stability control signal to ensure a long fiber length L in the first resonant cavity of the OEOLong optical fiberAnd (4) stabilizing.
Step eight: femtosecond ranging pulses with the wavelength of lambda 1 emitted by the femtosecond pulse range finder enter the long optical fiber 7 through the lens 17, the first wavelength division multiplexer 4 and the first optical switch 5, reach the reflector 16 through the second wavelength division multiplexer 10 and the second optical switch 8, are reflected back to an original optical path through the reflector 16, and finally return to the femtosecond pulse range finder along the original path, and the absolute distance to be calibrated is obtained through measurement;
step nine: and comparing the absolute distance to be calibrated obtained by the femtosecond pulse distance measuring instrument in the step eight with the length of the long optical fiber 7 obtained in the step six, and finishing the correction of the femtosecond pulse distance measuring instrument by using errors.
In summary, the present invention measures the cavity length of the OEO by measuring the resonant frequency, measures the change of the resonant frequency of the OEO to obtain the variation of the cavity length and the length of the long optical fiber, and controls the length of the optical fiber according to the error to ensure the optical path stability of the optical fiber, thereby performing the optical calibration work of measuring the large-range distance. The process of changing the frequency of the microwave signal generated by the OEO oscillation by the change of the length of the OEO cavity is a linear process and is not limited by the nonlinearity of the device, so that the high-precision optical calibration technology for measuring the wide-range distance is a linear system and is not influenced by the nonlinearity of the experimental device.
While the present invention has been described with reference to the accompanying drawings, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, which are illustrative only and not restrictive, and various modifications which do not depart from the spirit of the present invention and which are intended to be covered by the claims of the present invention may be made by those skilled in the art.
Claims (5)
1. A high precision optical calibration device for wide range distance measurement comprising the following optical and electronic components: the device comprises two electro-optical modulators, two photoelectric detectors, two wavelength division multiplexers, two optical switches, a semiconductor laser (3), a cavity length stability controller (6), a long optical fiber (7), a quartz rod (9), a microwave filter (12), a microwave phase shifter (13), a microwave amplifier (14), a reflector (16) and a lens (17); the two electro-optical modulators are respectively marked as a first electro-optical modulator (1) and a second electro-optical modulator (15), the two photodetectors are respectively marked as a first photodetector (11) and a second photodetector (2), the two wavelength division multiplexers are respectively marked as a first wavelength division multiplexer (4) and a second wavelength division multiplexer (10), and the two optical switches are respectively marked as a first optical switch (5) and a second optical switch (8); it is characterized in that the preparation method is characterized in that,
the optical and electronic devices are utilized to form two OEO resonant cavities containing a common loop part, and the two resonant cavities are alternatively vibrated through two optical switches; the femtosecond pulse range finder sends out femtosecond range finding pulses with the wavelength of lambda 1 to enter a calibration light path for measuring a large range distance, namely, the femtosecond range finding pulses pass through an optical interface formed by a lens (17), sequentially pass through a first wavelength division multiplexer (4) and a first optical switch (5), then enter a long optical fiber (7), then pass through a second optical switch (8) and a second wavelength division multiplexer (10), are reflected by a reflector (16), pass through the long optical fiber (7) again, pass through the lens (17) after the first wavelength division multiplexer (4), and then return to the femtosecond pulse range finder through the original path of the lens (17); the semiconductor laser (3) emits laser with the wavelength of lambda 2 as a resonant light source of the OEO resonant cavity; the long optical fiber (7) is controlled by a cavity length stabilizing controller (6), the cavity length stabilizing controller consists of a phase-locked loop, namely, the cavity length is controlled by the phase-locked loop to ensure that the photoelectric resonant frequency is kept stable, so that the aim of stabilizing the optical path is fulfilled; besides, the microwave output from the microwave amplifier (14) realizes secondary modulation distance measurement through a second electro-optical modulator (15) and a second photoelectric detector (2), and the cavity length of the part except the long optical fiber (7) is kept stable; therefore, the femtosecond pulse range finder is calibrated under the condition that the long optical fiber and other parts of the cavity length are stable.
2. A high precision optical calibration device for large range distance measurements according to claim 1 wherein the two OEO resonators comprising a common loop portion are respectively an OEO first resonator and an OEO second resonator;
the OEO first resonant cavity consists of the semiconductor laser (3), the first electro-optic modulator (1), the first wavelength division multiplexer (4), the first optical switch (5), the cavity length controller (6), the long optical fiber (7), the second optical switch (8), the second wavelength division multiplexer (10), the first photoelectric detector (11), the microwave filter (12), the microwave phase shifter (13) and the microwave amplifier (14);
the OEO second resonant cavity is composed of the semiconductor laser (3), the first electro-optical modulator (1), the first wavelength division multiplexer (4), the first optical switch (5), the quartz rod (9), the second optical switch (8), the second wavelength division multiplexer (10), the first photoelectric detector (11), the microwave filter (12), the microwave phase shifter (13) and the microwave amplifier (14).
3. A high precision optical calibration device for large range distance measurements according to claim 1 characterized in that said quadratic modulation distance measurement consists of said second electro-optical modulator (15) and a second photodetector (2).
4. A high precision optical calibration device for large range distance measurements according to claim 1, characterized in that the calibration optical path for large range distance measurements is composed of the first wavelength division multiplexer (4), the first optical switch (5), the long optical fiber (7), the second optical switch (8), the second wavelength division multiplexer (10), the mirror (16) and the lens (17).
5. A high-precision optical calibration method for a large-range distance measurement, characterized by using the high-precision optical calibration apparatus for a large-range distance measurement according to claim 1, and comprising the steps of:
the method comprises the following steps: an optical signal with the wavelength of lambda 2, which is emitted by the semiconductor laser (3), sequentially passes through the first electro-optical modulator (1), the first wavelength division multiplexer (4), the first optical switch (5), the cavity length stabilizing controller (6), the long optical fiber (7), the second optical switch (8) and the second wavelength division multiplexer (10) and then is divided into two paths, wherein one path is converted into an electric signal through the first photoelectric detector (11), and the other path is sent into the second electro-optical modulator (15);
step two: the electric signal obtained in the first step is processed by a microwave filter (12), a microwave phase shifter (13) and a microwave amplifier (14) in sequence and then is sent to a first electro-optical modulator (1), so that an OEO loop is formed;
step three: after an optical signal sent into a second electro-optical modulator (15) passes through a second photoelectric detector (2), the optical signal is used as a secondary modulation distance measuring signal to act on the microwave phase shifter (13) so as to ensure that the cavity length of the OEO resonant cavity except for the long optical fiber (7) and the quartz rod (9) is stable;
step four: cutting laser generated by a semiconductor laser (3) to an OEO first resonant cavity comprising one path of the long optical fiber (7) by utilizing the conducting states of a first optical switch (5) and a second optical switch (8), wherein the change of the length of the long optical fiber (7) can cause the change of the OEO resonant frequency, and measuring the error between the OEO resonant frequency and a frequency reference to obtain the change of the length of the long optical fiber (7) at present and the total length of the cavity length of the first OEO resonant cavity at present;
step five: cutting laser generated by a semiconductor laser (3) to an OEO second resonant cavity comprising one path of the quartz rod (9) by utilizing the conducting states of a first optical switch (5) and a second optical switch (8), wherein the length of the quartz rod (9) is known, the total length of the cavity length of the OEO second resonant cavity is obtained by measuring the resonant frequency of the current OEO second resonant cavity, and the length of the part except the quartz rod (9) is calculated;
step six: the length of the long optical fiber (7) is obtained by subtracting the total length of the cavity length of the first OEO resonant cavity obtained in the step four from the total length of the cavity length of the second OEO resonant cavity obtained in the step five;
step seven: converting the error value of the OEO resonant frequency and the frequency reference obtained by calculation in the fourth step into a control quantity by utilizing a PID algorithm, and using the control quantity as a cavity length stable control signal to control the cavity length stable controller (6) to enable the length of the long optical fiber (7) to be stable;
step eight: femtosecond ranging pulses with the wavelength of lambda 1 emitted by the femtosecond pulse range finder enter the long optical fiber (7) through the lens (17), the first wavelength division multiplexer (4) and the first optical switch (5), reach the reflector (16) through the second wavelength division multiplexer (10) and the second optical switch (8), are reflected back to an original optical path through the reflector (16), and finally return to the femtosecond pulse range finder along the original path, and the absolute distance to be calibrated is obtained through measurement;
step nine: and (4) comparing the absolute distance to be calibrated obtained by the femtosecond pulse distance meter in the step eight with the length of the long optical fiber (7) obtained in the step six, and finishing the correction of the femtosecond pulse distance meter by using errors.
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Cited By (4)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114002774A (en) * | 2021-10-22 | 2022-02-01 | 中国电子科技集团公司第十一研究所 | Optical fiber time delay device and remote optical signal transmission characteristic simulation method |
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114002774A (en) * | 2021-10-22 | 2022-02-01 | 中国电子科技集团公司第十一研究所 | Optical fiber time delay device and remote optical signal transmission characteristic simulation method |
| CN114002774B (en) * | 2021-10-22 | 2023-06-23 | 中国电子科技集团公司第十一研究所 | Optical fiber delay device and long-distance optical signal transmission characteristic simulation method |
| RU212772U1 (en) * | 2022-05-12 | 2022-08-08 | Федеральное государственное унитарное предприятие "Всероссийский научно-исследовательский институт автоматики им. Н.Л. Духова" (ФГУП "ВНИИА") | Device for measuring the length of an optical fiber by the phase method |
| CN116045817A (en) * | 2023-01-09 | 2023-05-02 | 天津大学 | Micro-displacement measuring device and method based on photoelectric oscillator |
| CN116045817B (en) * | 2023-01-09 | 2023-08-01 | 天津大学 | Micro-displacement measuring device and method based on photoelectric oscillator |
| CN116482662A (en) * | 2023-06-25 | 2023-07-25 | 成都量芯集成科技有限公司 | Self-calibration system and self-calibration method of optical range finder |
| CN116482662B (en) * | 2023-06-25 | 2023-08-22 | 成都量芯集成科技有限公司 | Self-calibration system and self-calibration method of optical range finder |
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