CN112730307A - Gas concentration nonlinear measurement method, gas concentration nonlinear measurement device, computer equipment and storage medium - Google Patents
Gas concentration nonlinear measurement method, gas concentration nonlinear measurement device, computer equipment and storage medium Download PDFInfo
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- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
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- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
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- G01N2021/1795—Atmospheric mapping of gases
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Abstract
The invention is suitable for the technical field of computers, and particularly relates to a gas concentration nonlinear measurement method, a gas concentration nonlinear measurement device, computer equipment and a storage medium, wherein the method comprises the following steps: acquiring the standard absorbance increment of the mixed gas of air and gas with standard concentration relative to the air; determining the corresponding gas concentration in the air according to the standard gas concentration, the absorbance increment thereof and the Hill equation between the gas concentration and the absorbance; acquiring the increase of the measurement absorbance of the mixed gas of the air and the gas to be measured relative to the air; and determining the concentration of the gas to be measured according to the increase of the absorbance, the concentration of the corresponding gas in the air and a Hill equation. According to the method provided by the invention, a Hill equation is used for fitting the nonlinear relation between the gas concentration and the absorbance under high concentration, and the concentration of the corresponding gas in the air is solved by matching with the standard absorbance increment of the mixed gas of the air and the standard gas with preset concentration relative to the air, so that the interference of the concentration of the corresponding gas in the air can be eliminated conveniently and subsequently.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of computers, and particularly relates to a gas concentration nonlinear measurement method and device, computer equipment and a storage medium.
Background
The optical remote sensing method for remote online monitoring of pollutants in the atmosphere is widely applied to the field of atmospheric environment monitoring, and mainly adopts technologies including non-dispersive infrared technology (NDIR), semiconductor laser modulation Technology (TDLAS), differential absorption spectroscopy (DOAS), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and the like. NDIR technology is one of the most common remote sensing technologies, and is most commonly used because of its relatively simple structure, relatively mature devices and low cost. The NDIR technology is mainly used for realizing qualitative or quantitative measurement of different gases by combining structures such as an infrared light source, a band-pass filter, an infrared detector and the like on the basis of characteristic absorption of the different gases on different wave bands.
When the NDIR technology is used for open type light path remote sensing measurement, the originally existing background measured object (such as CO) in the atmosphere2) The measurement results are affected. Such as continuous measurement of CO emitted from stationary source power plant plume or mobile source motor vehicle exhaust2When the concentration changes, if the atmosphere background CO2The concentration changes and can be applied to the CO which changes transiently in the smoke plume or tail gas2The measurement has a large influence. In addition, when the gas absorption line is strong, the saturation absorption appears under the condition of high concentration, and the concentration and the absorbance show a nonlinear relation, so that the gas concentration measured by open type optical path remote sensing is not accurate enough.
It can be seen that the existing open type light path remote sensing measurement method cannot avoid the interference of gas existing at the background in the atmosphere on the concentration of the gas to be measured, and the measured gas concentration is not accurate enough when the concentration is high.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention aims to provide a gas concentration nonlinear measurement method, and aims to solve the technical problems that the existing open type light path remote sensing measurement method cannot avoid the interference of gas existing in the background of the atmosphere on the concentration of gas to be measured, and the measured gas concentration is not accurate enough when the concentration is high.
The embodiment of the invention is realized in such a way that a gas concentration nonlinear measurement method comprises the following steps:
acquiring the standard absorbance increment of a mixed gas of air and a standard gas with a preset concentration relative to the air;
determining the concentration of the corresponding gas in the air according to the concentration of the standard gas, the standard absorbance increment and a Hill equation between the gas concentration and the absorbance; the Hill equation is determined in advance by measuring the absorbance of standard gases with different concentrations;
acquiring the increase of the measurement absorbance of the mixed gas of the air and the gas to be measured relative to the air;
and determining the concentration of the gas to be measured according to the increase of the measured absorbance, the concentration of the corresponding gas in the air and the Hill equation.
Another object of an embodiment of the present invention is to provide a gas concentration nonlinear measurement apparatus, including:
the standard absorbance increase quantity acquisition unit is used for acquiring the standard absorbance increase quantity of the mixed gas of the air and the standard gas with the preset concentration relative to the air;
the air corresponding gas concentration determining unit is used for determining the concentration of the corresponding gas in the air according to the concentration of the standard gas, the standard absorbance increment and a Hill equation between the gas concentration and the absorbance; the Hill equation is determined in advance by measuring the absorbance of standard gases with different concentrations;
the measurement absorbance increase quantity acquisition unit is used for acquiring the measurement absorbance increase quantity of the mixed gas of the air and the gas to be measured relative to the air;
and the to-be-detected gas concentration determining unit is used for determining the concentration of the to-be-detected gas according to the increase of the measured absorbance, the concentration of the corresponding gas in the air and the Hill equation.
It is a further object of embodiments of the present invention to provide a computer apparatus, comprising a memory and a processor, the memory having stored therein a computer program, which, when executed by the processor, causes the processor to perform the steps of the gas concentration non-linear measurement method as described above.
It is a further object of embodiments of the present invention to provide a computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, which, when executed by a processor, causes the processor to perform the steps of the gas concentration non-linear measurement method as described above.
According to the nonlinear measurement method for the gas concentration, provided by the embodiment of the invention, a Hill equation between absorbance and gas concentration is determined in advance by measuring the absorbance of standard gas with different concentrations and is used for describing a nonlinear relation shown between the gas concentration and the absorbance at a high concentration, then the standard absorbance increase of a mixed gas of air and the standard gas with a preset concentration relative to the air is obtained, the concentration of corresponding gas in the air is solved by combining the Hill equation, finally, the measured absorbance increase of the mixed gas of the air and the gas to be measured relative to the air is obtained, and the interference of the concentration of the corresponding gas in the air can be effectively eliminated by combining the Hill equation, so that the real gas concentration is obtained. According to the nonlinear measurement method for the gas concentration, the nonlinear relation shown between the gas concentration and the absorbance at the high concentration is fitted by utilizing the Hill equation between the absorbance and the gas concentration, the technical problem that the measured gas concentration is not accurate enough when the gas concentration is high in the existing open type light path remote sensing measurement method is solved, and meanwhile, the concentration of the corresponding gas in the air is solved by matching with the standard absorbance increment of the mixed gas of the air and the standard gas with the preset concentration relative to the air, so that the concentration interference of the corresponding gas in the air is eliminated, and the accuracy of the gas concentration measurement is further improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a diagram of an application environment of a nonlinear measurement method for gas concentration according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart illustrating the steps of a method for non-linear measurement of gas concentration according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a flow chart illustrating steps of another method for non-linear measurement of gas concentration according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a flowchart of a step of determining a concentration of a corresponding gas in air based on an iterative algorithm according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a flowchart illustrating a process for determining the concentration of a gas to be measured according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a flowchart illustrating steps for determining a Hill equation according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a flowchart of another step for determining the Hill equation provided by the embodiments of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a flow chart of another step for determining Hill equations provided by embodiments of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a non-linear gas concentration measuring device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 10 is an internal structural diagram of a computer device for performing a gas concentration nonlinear measurement method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
Fig. 1 is an environmental diagram illustrating a method for non-linear measurement of gas concentration according to an embodiment of the present invention, which is described in detail below.
In the embodiment of the invention, the open optical path remote sensing measurement system 110 based on the NDIR technology and the gas concentration nonlinear measurement device 120 are included. The open optical path remote sensing measurement system 110 based on the NDIR technology specifically includes: the device comprises a light source, a reflecting end consisting of a reflector, a calibration end consisting of a calibration pool and a push rod motor, a filter turntable consisting of a turntable provided with a plurality of filter channels and a motor, and a detector.
In an embodiment of the invention, the infrared beam emitted by the light source passes through the reflecting endThe internal reflector returns to the detector after reflection, wherein filter plates with different wave bands are arranged on the filter plate rotating disc aiming at the absorption positions of different measured objects, when the centers of the filter plates coincide with the center of a reflection light path through the rotation of the motor, the spectrum collection of the different wave bands can be realized, and the channel mainly involved under the common condition comprises CO2Measurement channel (center wavelength 4.2 μm), CO channel (center wavelength 4.6 μm), C3H8A channel (central wavelength 3.3 μm) and a reference channel (central wavelength 3.7 μm), and the filter can be selected according to actual needs.
In the embodiment of the invention, CO2 gas with a certain concentration is packaged in the calibration cell driven by the push rod motor, the calibration cell is pushed into the measurement light path during system calibration, and the calibration cell is pulled out of the measurement light path during normal measurement, thereby realizing the calibration function.
In embodiments of the invention, the system measures contaminants within the measured area, typically over a distance of 5 meters.
In the embodiment of the invention, the light source has different attenuation degrees through the detected gas with different concentrations, the absorption capacity of the detected gas to the light intensity can be measured by the absorbance (hereinafter referred to as OD value), the absorbance of the gas and the gas concentration have a one-to-one correspondence relationship, and the calculation formula of the OD value of the absorbance is expressed as follows:
wherein gas means CO2And CO and other gases, wherein ck is the light intensity of the reference channel; bg refers to background spectrum data, namely the spectrum before transient measurement, and real refers to measured spectrum data, namely the spectrum when transient smoke plume passes through. Different gas OD values and gas concentrations correspond one to one, if the corresponding function relationship is known, the gas concentration can be calculated according to the OD values, the absorbance and the concentration are in a linear relationship according to the Lambert-beer law, but when the gas absorption line is strong and the concentration is high, saturated absorption is easy to appear, and the concentration and the absorbance show a nonlinear relationship.
In the embodiment of the invention, the conception of realizing the nonlinear measurement method of the gas concentration specifically comprises the following steps: filling gas with standard concentration into a calibration pool, collecting spectral data under corresponding wave bands through a detector, obtaining an OD value based on the formula, obtaining a nonlinear relation between the OD value and the standard concentration, storing the nonlinear relation on a gas concentration nonlinear measurement device, filling the standard gas into a detected region, collecting spectral data of mixed gas of the standard gas and air in the detected region under the corresponding wave bands, sending the spectral data to the gas concentration nonlinear measurement device to realize measurement of corresponding gas concentration in the air in the detected region, filling the gas to be measured into the detected region, collecting spectral data of the mixed gas of the gas to be measured and the air in the detected region under the corresponding wave bands, sending the spectral data to the gas concentration nonlinear measurement device, and solving a real gas concentration by combining with the determined corresponding gas concentration in the air to get rid of interference of the corresponding gas concentration in the air, the measurement accuracy is improved, wherein the processing of data performed on the gas concentration nonlinear measurement device to obtain the actual gas concentration belongs to the core invention of the present invention, and refer to the explanation of the following fig. 2 to fig. 8.
As shown in fig. 2, a flow chart of steps of a gas concentration nonlinear measurement method provided in an embodiment of the present invention is mainly configured to operate on the gas concentration nonlinear measurement apparatus 120 shown in fig. 1, and specifically includes the following steps:
step S202, acquiring the increase of the standard absorbance of the mixed gas of the air and the standard gas with the preset concentration relative to the air.
In the embodiment of the invention, the absorbance OD when the space is empty in the detected region is measuredaAnd the absorbance OD when a gas of a certain concentration is filled in the measured regionbThen, at this time, the increase Δ OD ═ OD of the standard absorbance of the mixed gas of the air and the standard gas with the preset concentration relative to the air is obtainedb-ODa。
And step S204, determining the concentration of the corresponding gas in the air according to the concentration of the standard gas, the standard absorbance increment and a Hill equation between the gas concentration and the absorbance.
In the embodiment of the invention, the Hill equation is determined in advance by measuring the absorbance of standard gas with different concentrations, and the Hill equation describes the nonlinear relation between the gas concentration and the absorbance.
In the embodiment of the present invention, if two points a and b can be found on the non-linear fitting curve, that is, the hill equation, so that the difference between the OD values corresponding to a and b is exactly equal to the standard absorbance increase Δ OD, and the difference between the corresponding concentrations is exactly equal to the concentration of the standard gas, the concentration corresponding to a point is the concentration of CO2 in the air.
In the embodiments of the present invention, there are many ways to determine the point a based on the above principle, and as shown in fig. 3 and fig. 4, a practical procedure for calculating and determining the concentration of the corresponding gas in the air is specifically provided.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the hill equation describing the nonlinear relationship between the gas concentration and the absorbance is determined in advance by measuring the absorbance of the standard gas with different concentrations, and the specific implementation flow refers to the related contents in fig. 6 to fig. 8.
Step S206, acquiring the increase of the measurement absorbance of the mixed gas of the air and the gas to be measured relative to the air.
In the embodiment of the present invention, similarly to the foregoing step S202, the increase amount of the measured absorbance of the mixed gas of the air and the gas to be measured with respect to the air is determined by sequentially measuring the absorbance when the measured interval is empty and the absorbance when the gas to be measured is filled in the measured interval.
And S208, determining the concentration of the gas to be measured according to the increase of the measured absorbance, the concentration of the corresponding gas in the air and the Hill equation.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the step of solving the concentration of the gas to be measured based on the nonlinear characteristics of the nonlinear curve is specifically referred to fig. 5 and the explanation thereof.
According to the nonlinear measurement method for the gas concentration, provided by the embodiment of the invention, a Hill equation between absorbance and gas concentration is determined in advance by measuring the absorbance of standard gas with different concentrations and is used for describing a nonlinear relation shown between the gas concentration and the absorbance at a high concentration, then the standard absorbance increase of a mixed gas of air and the standard gas with a preset concentration relative to the air is obtained, the concentration of corresponding gas in the air is solved by combining the Hill equation, finally, the measured absorbance increase of the mixed gas of the air and the gas to be measured relative to the air is obtained, and the interference of the concentration of the corresponding gas in the air can be effectively eliminated by combining the Hill equation, so that the real gas concentration is obtained. According to the nonlinear measurement method for the gas concentration, the nonlinear relation shown between the gas concentration and the absorbance at the high concentration is fitted by utilizing the Hill equation between the absorbance and the gas concentration, the technical problem that the measured gas concentration is not accurate enough when the gas concentration is high in the existing open type light path remote sensing measurement method is solved, and meanwhile, the concentration of the corresponding gas in the air is solved by matching with the standard absorbance increment of the mixed gas of the air and the standard gas with the preset concentration relative to the air, so that the concentration interference of the corresponding gas in the air is eliminated, and the accuracy of the gas concentration measurement is further improved.
Fig. 3 is a flow chart showing steps of another method for non-linear measurement of gas concentration according to an embodiment of the present invention, which is described in detail below.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the difference from the step flow chart of the nonlinear gas concentration measurement method shown in fig. 2 is that the step of step S204 specifically includes:
and step S302, determining the concentration of the corresponding gas in the air according to the concentration of the standard gas, the standard absorbance increment and a Hill equation between the gas concentration and the absorbance and based on an iterative algorithm.
In the embodiment of the invention, the concentration of the corresponding gas in the air is gradually increased from 0 (namely, the point a is translated rightwards) by an iterative increasing mode, the OD difference between the two points (a and b) is checked, the concentration difference between the point a and the point b is always kept equivalent to the concentration of the standard gas, when the OD difference between the two points is just approximately equal to the standard absorbance increase amount when the OD difference between the two points is increased to a ' and b ', the iterative calculation is completed, and the concentration corresponding to the point a ' on the curve is the concentration of the corresponding gas in the air. The specific implementation process is shown in fig. 4.
As shown in fig. 4, a flowchart of the steps for determining the concentration of the corresponding gas in the air based on the iterative algorithm provided in the embodiment of the present invention specifically includes the following steps:
in step S402, an initial estimate of the concentration of the corresponding gas in air is determined.
In the embodiment of the invention, the iterative algorithm gradually approaches the calculation result to the accurate value by iterating the initial value, and the initial estimation value is set to be 0 under the normal condition.
And S404, determining the estimated value of the concentration of the current mixed gas according to the estimated value of the concentration of the corresponding gas in the current air and the concentration of the standard gas.
In the embodiment of the invention, the estimated value of the concentration of the corresponding gas in the current air and the concentration of the standard gas are added to obtain the estimated value of the concentration of the current mixed gas.
Step S406, determining the estimated absorbance of the corresponding gas in the current air and the estimated absorbance of the current mixed gas according to the estimated value of the concentration of the corresponding gas in the current air, the estimated value of the concentration of the current mixed gas and a Hill equation between the concentration of the gas and the absorbance, and determining the increase of the estimated absorbance.
In the embodiment of the invention, the absorbance under the concentration of the corresponding gas in the current air and the absorbance under the concentration of the current mixed gas are respectively determined according to the Hill equation, and the absorbance increase is estimated by subtracting the absorbance under the concentration of the current mixed gas.
Step S408, determining whether a difference between the estimated absorbance increase and the standard absorbance increase is less than a preset difference. When the judgment is no, executing step S410; when judged yes, step S412 is executed.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the standard absorbance increment is the real solution by comparing the estimated absorbance increment and the standard absorbance increment, so that when the estimated absorbance increment is similar to the standard absorbance increment, that is, whether the difference between the estimated absorbance increment and the standard absorbance increment is smaller than the preset difference indicates that the estimated value of the concentration of the corresponding gas in the current air is close to the concentration of the corresponding gas in the real air, and when the difference between the estimated value and the standard absorbance increment is larger, the difference between the estimated value of the concentration of the corresponding gas in the current air and the concentration of the corresponding gas in the real air is larger, and adjustment is required.
And step S410, adjusting the estimated value of the concentration of the corresponding gas in the current air according to the estimated absorbance increment and a preset adjustment rule, and returning to the step S404.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the estimated value of the concentration of the corresponding gas in the air at present may be adjusted according to the estimated absorbance increase, for example, when the estimated absorbance increase is higher than the standard absorbance increase, the estimated value of the concentration of the corresponding gas in the air needs to be continuously increased according to a preset step, and when the estimated absorbance increase is smaller than the standard absorbance increase, the estimated value of the concentration of the corresponding gas in the air needs to be decreased according to a preset step.
In step S412, the estimated value of the concentration of the corresponding gas in the current air is determined as the concentration of the corresponding gas in the air.
As shown in fig. 5, a flowchart of the steps for determining the concentration of the gas to be measured provided in the embodiment of the present invention specifically includes the following steps:
and step S502, determining background absorbance according to the Hill equation and the concentration of the corresponding gas in the air.
And step S504, determining the absorbance of the mixed gas of the air and the gas to be measured according to the background absorbance and the increase of the measured absorbance.
And step S506, determining the concentration of the mixed gas according to the absorbance of the mixed gas of the air and the gas to be detected and a Hill equation.
And step S508, determining the concentration of the gas to be measured according to the concentration of the mixed gas and the concentration of the corresponding gas in the air.
In the embodiment of the invention, the concentration of the gas is not directly determined according to the Hill equation and the OD value, but based on the nonlinear characteristic of a nonlinear curve, the OD value corresponding to the concentration of the corresponding gas in the air is calculated through a functional relation, then the OD value is added with the OD value of the measured absorbance increment, and the concentration of the mixed gas corresponding to the OD value is calculated through the functional relation, wherein the concentration of the mixed gas is the sum of the concentration pair of the corresponding gas in the air and the instantaneously measured concentration of the gas to be measured, and the concentration of the corresponding gas in the air is subtracted from the concentration of the mixed gas to obtain the actually measured concentration.
As shown in fig. 6, a flowchart of steps for determining the hill equation provided in the embodiment of the present invention specifically includes the following steps.
And step S602, respectively acquiring the absorbance of the standard gas with different concentrations by using an open type optical path remote sensing measurement system based on an NDIR technology.
In the embodiment of the invention, gases with different standard concentrations are filled into the calibration cell, then the spectral data under the corresponding wave band are collected through the detector, and the OD value can be obtained based on the formula in the explanation of FIG. 1.
And step S604, fitting the absorbance and the concentration of the standard gas with different concentrations by using a Hill equation model based on a least square method to determine a Hill equation between the absorbance and the gas concentration.
In the embodiment of the invention, the absorbance and the concentration of the standard gas with different concentrations are fitted directly based on the Hill equation, and the Hill equation between the absorbance and the gas concentration can be determined and stored in advance, so that the Hill equation can be directly used in the subsequent gas concentration nonlinear measurement method.
Fig. 7 is a flow chart of another step for determining the hill equation provided in the embodiment of the present invention, which is described in detail below.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the difference from the flowchart of the step of determining the hill equation shown in fig. 6 is that, before the step S602, the method further includes:
and S702, performing zero calibration processing on the open type optical path remote sensing measurement system based on the NDIR technology.
In the embodiment of the invention, in order to eliminate the influence of the concentration of the corresponding gas in the air, the infrared light source is directly irradiated on the detector (a slit or an attenuation sheet can be placed in front of the detector to avoid light intensity saturation), at the moment, the actual optical path of the system is shortened to be not more than 20cm, the concentration of the corresponding gas in the air can be ignored, a nonlinear curve related to equipment can be obtained, zero calibration processing of the open type optical path remote sensing measurement system can be realized through the nonlinear curve, and the subsequent precision is improved.
Fig. 8 is a flow chart of another step for determining the hill equation provided in the embodiment of the present invention, which is described in detail below.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the difference from the flowchart of the step of determining the hill equation shown in fig. 6 is that after the step S604, the method further includes:
step S802, obtaining a calibration absorbance of a calibration gas with a preset calibration concentration.
Step S804, judging whether the check absorbance and the preset check concentration meet the Hill equation. If not, returning to the step S602; and when the judgment is yes, other steps are executed.
In the embodiment of the invention, the calibration cell is filled with the calibration gas with known concentration, the OD value at the moment is calculated, if the point falls on the Hill equation, the fitting is successful, and thus the functional relation between the OD value and the gas concentration is obtained, otherwise, if the fitting function is not satisfied, the Hill equation fitting has errors, and the experiment needs to be carried out again.
As shown in fig. 9, a schematic structural diagram of a gas concentration nonlinear measurement apparatus provided in an embodiment of the present invention specifically includes the following units:
a standard absorbance increase amount obtaining unit 910, configured to obtain a standard absorbance increase amount of a mixed gas of air and a standard gas of a preset concentration with respect to air.
In the embodiment of the invention, the absorbance OD when the space is empty in the detected region is measuredaAnd the absorbance OD when a gas of a certain concentration is filled in the measured regionbThen at this time'Obtaining the standard absorbance increment delta OD (OD-OD) of the mixed gas of air and standard gas with preset concentration relative to the airb-ODa
And an air corresponding gas concentration determining unit 920, configured to determine the concentration of the corresponding gas in the air according to the concentration of the standard gas, the standard absorbance increase, and a hill equation between the gas concentration and the absorbance.
In the embodiment of the invention, the Hill equation is determined in advance by measuring the absorbance of standard gas with different concentrations, and the Hill equation describes the nonlinear relation between the gas concentration and the absorbance.
In the embodiment of the present invention, if two points a and b can be found on the non-linear fitting curve, that is, the hill equation, so that the difference between the OD values corresponding to a and b is exactly equal to the standard absorbance increase Δ OD, and the difference between the corresponding concentrations is exactly equal to the concentration of the standard gas, the concentration corresponding to a point is the concentration of CO2 in the air.
In the embodiments of the present invention, there are many ways to determine the point a based on the above principle, and as shown in fig. 3 and fig. 4, a practical procedure for calculating and determining the concentration of the corresponding gas in the air is specifically provided.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the hill equation describing the nonlinear relationship between the gas concentration and the absorbance is determined in advance by measuring the absorbance of the standard gas with different concentrations, and the specific implementation flow refers to the related contents in fig. 6 to fig. 8.
A measurement absorbance increase obtaining unit 930 configured to obtain a measurement absorbance increase of a mixed gas of air and the gas to be measured with respect to air.
In the embodiment of the present invention, similar to the standard absorbance increase obtaining unit 910, the measured absorbance increase of the mixed gas of air and the gas to be measured with respect to the air is determined by sequentially measuring the absorbance when the measured interval is empty and the absorbance when the gas to be measured is filled in the measured interval.
And a to-be-detected gas concentration determining unit 940, configured to determine the concentration of the to-be-detected gas according to the increase in the measured absorbance, the concentration of the corresponding gas in the air, and the hill equation.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the step of solving the concentration of the gas to be measured based on the nonlinear characteristics of the nonlinear curve is specifically referred to fig. 5 and the explanation thereof.
According to the nonlinear gas concentration measuring device provided by the embodiment of the invention, a Hill equation between absorbance and gas concentration is determined in advance by measuring the absorbance of standard gas with different concentrations, and is used for describing a nonlinear relation shown between the gas concentration and the absorbance at a high concentration, then the standard absorbance increase of a mixed gas of air and the standard gas with a preset concentration relative to the air is obtained, the concentration of corresponding gas in the air is solved by combining the Hill equation, finally, the measured absorbance increase of the mixed gas of the air and the gas to be measured relative to the air is obtained, and the interference of the concentration of the corresponding gas in the air can be effectively eliminated by combining the Hill equation, so that the real gas concentration is obtained. According to the nonlinear gas concentration measuring device, the nonlinear relation shown between the gas concentration and the absorbance at high concentration is fitted by utilizing the Hill equation between the absorbance and the gas concentration, the technical problem that the measured gas concentration is not accurate enough when the gas concentration is high in the existing open type light path remote sensing measuring method is solved, and meanwhile, the concentration of the corresponding gas in the air is solved by matching with the standard absorbance increasing quantity of the mixed gas of the air and the standard gas with the preset concentration relative to the air, so that the concentration interference of the corresponding gas in the air is eliminated, and the accuracy of gas concentration measurement is further improved.
FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating an internal structure of a computer device in one embodiment. The computer device may specifically be the gas concentration non-linear measuring device 120 in fig. 1. As shown in fig. 10, the computer apparatus includes a processor, a memory, a network interface, an input device, and a display screen connected through a system bus. Wherein the memory includes a non-volatile storage medium and an internal memory. The non-volatile storage medium of the computer device stores an operating system and may also store a computer program that, when executed by the processor, causes the processor to implement a gas concentration non-linear measurement method. The internal memory may also have stored therein a computer program that, when executed by the processor, causes the processor to perform a method of non-linear measurement of a gas concentration. The display screen of the computer equipment can be a liquid crystal display screen or an electronic ink display screen, and the input device of the computer equipment can be a touch layer covered on the display screen, a key, a track ball or a touch pad arranged on the shell of the computer equipment, an external keyboard, a touch pad or a mouse and the like.
Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the architecture shown in fig. 10 is merely a block diagram of some of the structures associated with the disclosed aspects and is not intended to limit the computing devices to which the disclosed aspects apply, as particular computing devices may include more or less components than those shown, or may combine certain components, or have a different arrangement of components.
In one embodiment, the gas concentration nonlinear measurement apparatus provided herein may be implemented in the form of a computer program that is executable on a computer device such as that shown in fig. 10. The memory of the computer device may store therein various program modules constituting the gas concentration nonlinear measurement apparatus, such as a standard absorbance increase amount acquisition unit 910, an air-corresponding gas concentration determination unit 920, and a measured absorbance increase amount acquisition unit 930 shown in fig. 9. The program modules constitute computer programs that cause the processor to execute the steps of the gas concentration nonlinear measurement method of the embodiments of the present application described in the present specification.
For example, the computer apparatus shown in fig. 10 may execute step S202 by the standard absorbance increase amount acquisition unit 910 in the gas concentration nonlinear measurement device shown in fig. 9; the computer device may perform step S204 by the air corresponding gas concentration determination unit; the computer apparatus may perform step S206 by the measured absorbance increase amount acquisition unit 930.
In one embodiment, a computer device is proposed, the computer device comprising a memory, a processor and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, the processor implementing the following steps when executing the computer program:
acquiring the standard absorbance increment of a mixed gas of air and a standard gas with a preset concentration relative to the air;
determining the concentration of the corresponding gas in the air according to the concentration of the standard gas, the standard absorbance increment and a Hill equation between the gas concentration and the absorbance; the Hill equation is determined in advance by measuring the absorbance of standard gases with different concentrations;
acquiring the increase of the measurement absorbance of the mixed gas of the air and the gas to be measured relative to the air;
and determining the concentration of the gas to be measured according to the increase of the measured absorbance, the concentration of the corresponding gas in the air and the Hill equation.
In one embodiment, a computer readable storage medium is provided, having a computer program stored thereon, which, when executed by a processor, causes the processor to perform the steps of:
acquiring the standard absorbance increment of a mixed gas of air and a standard gas with a preset concentration relative to the air;
determining the concentration of the corresponding gas in the air according to the concentration of the standard gas, the standard absorbance increment and a Hill equation between the gas concentration and the absorbance; the Hill equation is determined in advance by measuring the absorbance of standard gases with different concentrations;
acquiring the increase of the measurement absorbance of the mixed gas of the air and the gas to be measured relative to the air;
and determining the concentration of the gas to be measured according to the increase of the measured absorbance, the concentration of the corresponding gas in the air and the Hill equation.
It should be understood that, although the steps in the flowcharts of the embodiments of the present invention are shown in sequence as indicated by the arrows, the steps are not necessarily performed in sequence as indicated by the arrows. The steps are not performed in the exact order shown and described, and may be performed in other orders, unless explicitly stated otherwise. Moreover, at least a portion of the steps in various embodiments may include multiple sub-steps or multiple stages that are not necessarily performed at the same time, but may be performed at different times, and the order of performance of the sub-steps or stages is not necessarily sequential, but may be performed in turn or alternately with other steps or at least a portion of the sub-steps or stages of other steps.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that all or part of the processes of the methods of the embodiments described above can be implemented by a computer program, which can be stored in a non-volatile computer-readable storage medium, and can include the processes of the embodiments of the methods described above when the program is executed. Any reference to memory, storage, database, or other medium used in the embodiments provided herein may include non-volatile and/or volatile memory, among others. Non-volatile memory can include read-only memory (ROM), Programmable ROM (PROM), Electrically Programmable ROM (EPROM), Electrically Erasable Programmable ROM (EEPROM), or flash memory. Volatile memory can include Random Access Memory (RAM) or external cache memory. By way of illustration and not limitation, RAM is available in a variety of forms such as Static RAM (SRAM), Dynamic RAM (DRAM), Synchronous DRAM (SDRAM), Double Data Rate SDRAM (DDRSDRAM), Enhanced SDRAM (ESDRAM), Synchronous Link DRAM (SLDRAM), Rambus Direct RAM (RDRAM), direct bus dynamic RAM (DRDRAM), and memory bus dynamic RAM (RDRAM).
The technical features of the embodiments described above may be arbitrarily combined, and for the sake of brevity, all possible combinations of the technical features in the embodiments described above are not described, but should be considered as being within the scope of the present specification as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features.
The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, which falls within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A method of nonlinear measurement of gas concentration, comprising:
acquiring the standard absorbance increment of a mixed gas of air and a standard gas with a preset concentration relative to the air;
determining the concentration of the corresponding gas in the air according to the concentration of the standard gas, the standard absorbance increment and a Hill equation between the gas concentration and the absorbance; the Hill equation is determined in advance by measuring the absorbance of standard gases with different concentrations;
acquiring the increase of the measurement absorbance of the mixed gas of the air and the gas to be measured relative to the air;
and determining the concentration of the gas to be measured according to the increase of the measured absorbance, the concentration of the corresponding gas in the air and the Hill equation.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the step of determining the concentration of the corresponding gas in the air according to the concentration of the standard gas, the increase of the standard absorbance, and the hill equation between the gas concentration and the absorbance comprises:
and determining the concentration of the corresponding gas in the air according to the concentration of the standard gas, the standard absorbance increment and a Hill equation between the gas concentration and the absorbance based on an iterative algorithm.
3. The method according to claim 2, wherein the step of determining the concentration of the corresponding gas in the air based on the iterative algorithm according to the concentration of the standard gas, the increase of the standard absorbance, and the hill equation between the gas concentration and the absorbance specifically comprises:
determining an initial estimate of the concentration of the respective gas in the air;
determining the estimated value of the concentration of the current mixed gas according to the estimated value of the concentration of the corresponding gas in the current air and the concentration of the standard gas;
determining the estimated absorbance of the corresponding gas in the current air and the estimated absorbance of the current mixed gas according to the estimated value of the concentration of the corresponding gas in the current air, the estimated value of the concentration of the current mixed gas and a Hill equation between the concentration of the gas and the absorbance, and determining the increase of the estimated absorbance;
judging whether the difference between the estimated absorbance increment and the standard absorbance increment is smaller than a preset difference or not;
if not, adjusting the estimated value of the concentration of the corresponding gas in the current air according to the estimated absorbance increase and a preset adjustment rule, and returning to the step of determining the estimated value of the concentration of the current mixed gas according to the estimated value of the concentration of the corresponding gas in the current air and the concentration of the standard gas;
and when the judgment is yes, determining the estimated value of the concentration of the corresponding gas in the current air as the concentration of the corresponding gas in the air.
4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the step of determining the concentration of the gas to be measured according to the increase of the measured absorbance, the concentration of the corresponding gas in the air, and the hill equation specifically comprises:
determining background absorbance according to the Hill equation and the concentration of the corresponding gas in the air;
determining the absorbance of the mixed gas of the air and the gas to be detected according to the background absorbance and the measured absorbance increment;
determining the concentration of the mixed gas according to the absorbance of the mixed gas of the air and the gas to be detected and a Hill equation;
and determining the concentration of the gas to be detected according to the concentration of the mixed gas and the concentration of the corresponding gas in the air.
5. The method according to claim 1, wherein the step of determining the hill equation between the gas concentration and the absorbance by measuring the absorbance of the standard gas at different concentrations comprises:
respectively acquiring the absorbance of standard gas with different concentrations by using an open type light path remote sensing measurement system based on an NDIR technology;
and fitting the absorbance and the concentration of the standard gas with different concentrations by using a Hill equation model based on a least square method to determine the Hill equation between the absorbance and the gas concentration.
6. The nonlinear measurement method of a gas concentration according to claim 5, further comprising, before the step of separately acquiring absorbances of the standard gases at different concentrations:
and carrying out zero calibration processing on the open type optical path remote sensing measurement system based on the NDIR technology.
7. The method according to claim 5, wherein after the step of determining the Hill equation between the absorbance and the gas concentration by fitting the absorbance and the concentration of the standard gas with the Hill equation model based on the least square method, the method further comprises:
acquiring the calibration absorbance of calibration gas with preset calibration concentration;
judging whether the check absorbance and the preset check concentration meet the Hill equation or not;
and if not, returning to the step of respectively acquiring the absorbance of the standard gas with different concentrations by using the open type optical path remote sensing measurement system of the NDIR technology.
8. A gas concentration nonlinear measurement device, comprising:
the standard absorbance increase quantity acquisition unit is used for acquiring the standard absorbance increase quantity of the mixed gas of the air and the standard gas with the preset concentration relative to the air;
the air corresponding gas concentration determining unit is used for determining the concentration of the corresponding gas in the air according to the concentration of the standard gas, the standard absorbance increment and a Hill equation between the gas concentration and the absorbance; the Hill equation is determined in advance by measuring the absorbance of standard gases with different concentrations;
the measurement absorbance increase quantity acquisition unit is used for acquiring the measurement absorbance increase quantity of the mixed gas of the air and the gas to be measured relative to the air;
and the to-be-detected gas concentration determining unit is used for determining the concentration of the to-be-detected gas according to the increase of the measured absorbance, the concentration of the corresponding gas in the air and the Hill equation.
9. A computer arrangement, characterized by comprising a memory and a processor, the memory having stored therein a computer program which, when executed by the processor, causes the processor to carry out the steps of the gas concentration non-linear measurement method of any one of claims 1 to 7.
10. A computer-readable storage medium, having stored thereon a computer program which, when executed by a processor, causes the processor to carry out the steps of the gas concentration non-linear measurement method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.
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