CN112727657B - Vehicle low-temperature auxiliary starting system and control method thereof - Google Patents

Vehicle low-temperature auxiliary starting system and control method thereof Download PDF

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CN112727657B
CN112727657B CN202011634129.XA CN202011634129A CN112727657B CN 112727657 B CN112727657 B CN 112727657B CN 202011634129 A CN202011634129 A CN 202011634129A CN 112727657 B CN112727657 B CN 112727657B
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fuel
oil
engine
temperature
temperature sensor
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CN112727657A (en
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罗俊辉
阳禩乾
吴先东
徐勇
吴起
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Dongfeng Off Road Vehicle Co Ltd
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Dongfeng Off Road Vehicle Co Ltd
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02NSTARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02N19/00Starting aids for combustion engines, not otherwise provided for
    • F02N19/001Arrangements thereof
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02NSTARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02N11/00Starting of engines by means of electric motors
    • F02N11/003Starting of engines by means of electric motors said electric motor being also used as a drive for auxiliaries, e.g. for driving transmission pumps or fuel pumps during engine stop
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02NSTARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02N11/00Starting of engines by means of electric motors
    • F02N11/08Circuits or control means specially adapted for starting of engines
    • F02N11/0862Circuits or control means specially adapted for starting of engines characterised by the electrical power supply means, e.g. battery
    • F02N11/0866Circuits or control means specially adapted for starting of engines characterised by the electrical power supply means, e.g. battery comprising several power sources, e.g. battery and capacitor or two batteries
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02NSTARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02N19/00Starting aids for combustion engines, not otherwise provided for
    • F02N19/02Aiding engine start by thermal means, e.g. using lighted wicks
    • F02N19/04Aiding engine start by thermal means, e.g. using lighted wicks by heating of fluids used in engines
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02NSTARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02N19/00Starting aids for combustion engines, not otherwise provided for
    • F02N19/02Aiding engine start by thermal means, e.g. using lighted wicks
    • F02N19/04Aiding engine start by thermal means, e.g. using lighted wicks by heating of fluids used in engines
    • F02N19/10Aiding engine start by thermal means, e.g. using lighted wicks by heating of fluids used in engines by heating of engine coolants
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02NSTARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02N19/00Starting aids for combustion engines, not otherwise provided for
    • F02N2019/002Aiding engine start by acting on fuel

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Combined Controls Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
  • Lubrication Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a low-temperature auxiliary starting system for a vehicle, which comprises a cold start controller ECU, a first fuel temperature sensor, a second fuel temperature sensor, an environment temperature sensor, a storage battery capacity sensor, a storage battery temperature sensor, an engine coolant temperature sensor, a liquid heater oil pump, a fuel heater, a super capacitor, a storage battery heater and an engine intake preheater, and also discloses a corresponding control method; through the electronic parking system, the liquid heating, the intake preheating and the super capacitor are matched with each other, so that the cold start problem of the engine can be well solved; the purpose of starting the vehicle in a cold state can be achieved by using the minimum energy consumption; after the engine is started, the vehicle-mounted silicon generator is used for providing electric energy to supply power to other heaters, so that the heating power in the starting stage is reduced, and the load of the storage battery is reduced.

Description

Vehicle low-temperature auxiliary starting system and control method thereof
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of vehicle auxiliary starting, and particularly relates to a vehicle low-temperature auxiliary starting system and a control method thereof.
Background
The difficulty of starting the vehicle in a low temperature environment is a general problem: increased oil viscosity results in increased engine cranking torque; increased viscosity of the starter motor movement grease results in increased rotational resistance; the capacity of the storage battery is reduced by 0.98 percent when the temperature of the storage battery is reduced by 1 ℃, the capacity is reduced by about 55 percent in the environment of minus 30 ℃, and the instantaneous discharge capacity is reduced due to the increase of the internal resistance of the storage battery; the diesel vehicle also has the problem that the diesel vehicle is difficult to ignite due to the increase of the viscosity of fuel. The starting speed of the starter is reduced due to various reasons, and the engine is difficult to start. Faced with such problems, the prior art generally employs a single device to address local problems, such as: 1. heating the fuel or using diesel oil with lower grade, only solves the problem of fuel fluidity. 2. The storage battery is heated, and the problem of low-temperature capacity reduction of the storage battery is only solved. 3. The engine cooling liquid is heated to improve the temperature of the engine cylinder body, and only the increase of the starting torque of the engine is solved. The single device described above does not solve the general problem of difficulty in cold starting, which would lead to complicated operations if the modules were simply assembled.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art or needs for improvement, the present invention addresses the general problem of difficulty in cold start of vehicles in the prior art.
In order to achieve the above object, according to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a vehicle low-temperature auxiliary start system, which includes a cold start controller ECU, a first fuel temperature sensor, a second fuel temperature sensor, an ambient temperature sensor, a battery capacity sensor, a battery temperature sensor, an engine coolant temperature sensor, a liquid heater oil pump, a fuel heater, a super capacitor, a battery heater, and an engine intake air preheater, wherein output terminals of the cold start controller ECU, the first fuel temperature sensor, the second fuel temperature sensor, the ambient temperature sensor, the battery capacity sensor, and the battery temperature sensor are connected to an input terminal of the cold start controller ECU, and an output terminal of the cold start controller ECU and the liquid heater, the liquid heater oil pump, the fuel heater, the liquid heater oil pump, the liquid heater, and the liquid heater, and the liquid heater, the, The super capacitor and the storage battery heater are connected; the cold start controller ECU is connected with the engine ECU in two directions, two output ports of the engine ECU are respectively connected with the combination instrument and the engine intake air preheater, and the output end of the engine coolant temperature sensor is connected with one input end of the engine ECU.
Furthermore, the liquid heater is provided with a bidirectional oil pump to realize forward oil pumping and reverse oil pumping through power supply conversion.
Further, the liquid heater has a separate oil storage tank; the oil storage tank is connected in series with an oil return pipeline of the engine, and the fuel heater heats fuel in the oil storage tank of the liquid heater through an electric heating wire.
Further, the storage battery is heated by liquid outside the storage battery.
Further, the super capacitor feeds back a signal to the low-temperature starting controller after being fully charged.
Further, the low-temperature starting controller sends a command to the engine ECU through a CAN bus to control the operation of an intake preheater of the engine; after the air inlet of the engine is preheated, an indicator lamp on the combination instrument is lightened.
In general, compared with the prior art, the above technical solution contemplated by the present invention can achieve the following beneficial effects:
1. the vehicle low-temperature auxiliary starting system provided by the invention has the advantages that through the electronic parking system, the liquid heating, the intake air preheating and the super capacitor are matched with each other, so that the cold starting problem of the engine can be well solved;
2. the low-temperature auxiliary starting system for the vehicle can achieve the purpose of starting the vehicle in a cold state with minimum energy consumption;
3. according to the low-temperature auxiliary starting system for the vehicle, after the engine is started, the vehicle-mounted silicon generator is used for providing electric energy to supply power to other heaters, so that the heating power in the starting stage is reduced, and the load of the storage battery is reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the preferred embodiment of the present invention (low temperature assisted start of diesel vehicle);
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a piping connection structure according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the piping connection of the oil storage tank according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic circuit diagram of the preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a graph of relative capacity of a battery versus temperature according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a flow chart of the low temperature auxiliary starting system of the diesel vehicle according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a plot of diesel fuel grade versus preheat time for the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of another preferred embodiment of the present invention (low temperature assisted start of gasoline vehicle).
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention. In addition, the technical features involved in the embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.
Example 1:
referring to fig. 1-4, a low-temperature auxiliary starting system for a vehicle includes a cold start controller ECU1, a first fuel temperature sensor 2, a second fuel temperature sensor 3, an ambient temperature sensor 4, a battery capacity sensor 5, a battery temperature sensor 6, an engine coolant temperature sensor 7, a liquid heater 8, a liquid heater oil pump 9, a fuel heater 10, a super capacitor 11, a battery heater 12 and an engine intake air preheater 13, wherein output ends of the cold start controller ECU1, the first fuel temperature sensor 2, the second fuel temperature sensor 3, the ambient temperature sensor 4, the battery capacity sensor 5 and the battery temperature sensor 6 are all connected with an input end of a cold start controller ECU1, and an output end of the cold start controller ECU1 and the liquid heater 8, the liquid heater 9, the liquid heater oil pump 9, the battery temperature sensor 6, The fuel heater 10, the super capacitor 11 and the storage battery heater 12 are connected; the cold start controller ECU1 and the engine ECU15 are connected in two directions, two output ports of the engine ECU15 are respectively connected with the combination meter 14 and the engine intake air preheater 15, and the output end of the engine coolant temperature sensor 7 is connected with one input end of the engine ECU 15. The liquid heater 8 is provided with a bidirectional oil pump for realizing forward oil pumping and reverse oil pumping through power supply conversion, and the bidirectional oil pump is used for clearing residual oil in the oil supply pipeline and preventing the oil supply pipeline from freezing when the bidirectional oil pump is started next time.
The liquid heater 8 has a separate oil reservoir (for activating the liquid heater); the oil storage tank is connected in series with an oil return pipeline of the engine (the oil storage tank is in a full oil state after the vehicle is stopped every time), and the fuel oil heater heats the fuel oil in the oil storage tank of the liquid heater through the electric heating wire.
The storage battery is heated by liquid outside the storage battery, so that the capacity of the storage battery in a low-temperature environment is improved. After the super capacitor 11 is fully charged, a signal is fed back to the low-temperature starting controller.
The low-temperature starting controller sends a command to an engine ECU through a CAN bus so as to control the operation of an engine intake preheater; after the air inlet of the engine is preheated, an indicator lamp on the combination instrument is lightened.
Referring to fig. 2-7, the control method of the vehicle low-temperature auxiliary starting system is characterized by comprising the following steps;
step S10, after the system is initialized, signals of an engine coolant temperature sensor 7 and an ambient temperature sensor 4 are used for judging whether the engine is in a cold state, and the ambient temperature and a coolant temperature threshold are preset, when the ambient temperature and the coolant temperature are simultaneously smaller than the preset temperature threshold, the engine is judged to adopt a cold start mode, and meanwhile, an instruction is sent to an engine ECU, and intake air preheating is stopped;
step S11, when the engine adopts cold start mode, automatically reading or manually inputting fuel label, automatically identifying fuel label according to fuel fluidity and fuel temperature, so as to determine heating time and final target temperature, and when the system is in special condition (such as some sub system failure), manually adjusting fuel heating time or heating target temperature, which can be realized by modifying fuel label;
step S12, if the signal of the engine coolant temperature sensor 7 and the signal of the ambient temperature sensor 4 are lower than the set threshold value at the same time, the function requirement of starting the liquid heater is met, at the moment, the liquid heater starts to work, the liquid heater is provided with an independent oil storage tank and a bidirectional oil pump (refer to figures 2-3), the independent oil storage tank is connected in series in an engine oil return pipeline, the oil storage tank can be kept in a full oil state before the engine is shut down every time, an oil quantity sensor and an oil filling device are not needed, and the oil storage tank has a heating function to meet the self cold start of the liquid heater; the bidirectional oil pump supplies oil to the liquid heater when working in the forward direction, and can evacuate fuel oil in the oil supply pipe when working in the reverse direction to prevent the fuel oil from waxing;
the water circulation pipeline of the liquid heater passes through the fuel tank, and meanwhile, fuel oil in the fuel tank can be heated, and the fuel oil is heated by using the fuel oil combustion heat, so that the electric energy loss is effectively reduced compared with the electric heating fuel oil;
step S13, the cold start controller ECU1 receives the signals of the fuel temperature sensor and the coolant temperature sensor, judges whether fuel heating and liquid heating are finished, and simultaneously feeds back whether a fault exists in the system;
step S14, if the temperature signal is higher than the set lowest threshold, whether the temperature signal is higher than the upper threshold or not is judged again, and when the temperature signal is not higher than the upper threshold, the liquid heater 8 does not work, the cold start controller ECU1 sends an instruction, and the storage battery heater starts to work, wherein the beneficial effects are that the environmental temperature directly influences the discharge capacity of the storage battery, at the moment, the storage battery can be heated to effectively improve the low-temperature discharge capacity of the storage battery, the start capacity of the storage battery at low temperature is better ensured, and the relation between the storage battery capacity and the temperature is detailed as shown in FIG. 5;
step S15, the judging mechanism judges whether the storage battery heating reaches the set temperature as double judgment, and judges whether the storage battery heating is finished by detecting the storage battery temperature sensor 6 and the storage battery capacity sensor 5;
step S16, the judging mechanism judges whether the fuel temperature is matched with the fuel label, if the fuel temperature meets the lowest using temperature of the fuel label, the next step is directly carried out, and if the fuel temperature is lower than the lowest using temperature of the fuel label, the fuel is heated;
step S17, the fuel heater 10 starts to work to heat the engine oil filter and the fuel in the high-pressure oil pipe, the design has the advantages that the residual oil in the engine oil filter and the high-pressure oil pipe is enough for the engine to start, and after the engine starts, the vehicle-mounted silicon generator is used for providing electric energy to supply power for other heaters, so that the heating power in the starting stage is reduced, and the load of the storage battery is reduced; the liquid heating in the step S12 is to heat the fuel in the fuel tank after the fuel is burnt, and the heating oil filter and the fuel in the high-pressure oil pipe are used, so that the beneficial effects are that the fuel in the fuel tank is more, the loss of the storage battery can be reduced by adopting the fuel heating, and the heating oil filter and the fuel in the high-pressure oil pipe are used at the back because the fuel is less, the starting of the engine is met, and the speed can be increased by adopting the electric heating;
step S18, the capacity of the storage battery at the moment is detected again, if the current storage battery meets the electric quantity required by the subsequent starting, the next step of intake preheating is directly carried out, and when the capacity of the storage battery is not enough to maintain the starting, the super capacitor is charged at the moment;
step S19, the super capacitor 11 is disconnected from parallel connection after being charged, when the vehicle is started, the super capacitor 11 discharges electricity to start the vehicle, the super capacitor 11 has good low-temperature performance (the instantaneous maximum discharge current at minus 41 ℃ is more than or equal to 500A), and sufficient starting current can be ensured in a low-temperature environment; particularly, the super capacitor has a low-voltage charging function, and can still charge the super capacitor when the voltage of the 24V system storage battery is not lower than 12V and the voltage of the 12V system storage battery is not lower than 6V;
step S20, preheating the intake air after preheating the fuel and the cylinder according to the vehicle starting elements, preparing the final starting preparation, setting the preheating time experience value according to the system (judging the heating time range according to the environment temperature), judging the intake air preheating to generate faults if the time exceeds the maximum threshold value, and performing the next step if the intake air preheating is completed within the threshold value time;
in step S21, after the cold start preparation step is completed, the driver is prompted to start the engine.
Example 2: in the case of gasoline vehicles, since gasoline is a mixture, there is no fixed freezing point, and the freezing point varies depending on the grade. The typical freezing point of gasoline is-75 deg.C and the freezing temperature of pure ethanol is-117.3 deg.C, so that gasoline will not freeze at ambient temperature. Therefore, no fuel heating system is needed for the low-temperature starting device of the gasoline automobile. The system architecture is shown in fig. 8.
The cold start of the engine is a comprehensive problem, the problem that the temperature of an engine cylinder body is too low cannot be solved by single fuel heating, and the problem that the wax is deposited on an oil supply pipeline of the engine cannot be solved by single liquid heating, air inlet preheating and a super capacitor.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the invention, and that any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. A vehicle low temperature auxiliary starting system, characterized in that: including cold start controller ECU (1), a fuel temperature sensor (2), No. two fuel temperature sensor (3), ambient temperature sensor (4), battery capacity sensor (5), battery temperature sensor (6), engine coolant temperature sensor (7), liquid heater (8), liquid heater oil pump (9), fuel heater (10), super capacitor (11), battery heater (12) and engine intake preheater (13), cold start controller ECU (1), a fuel temperature sensor (2), No. two fuel temperature sensor (3), ambient temperature sensor (4), battery capacity sensor (5) and battery temperature sensor (6)'s output all links to each other with an input of cold start controller ECU (1), an output and liquid heater (8) of cold start controller ECU (1), The liquid heater oil pump (9), the fuel heater (10), the super capacitor (11) and the storage battery heater (12) are connected; the cold start controller ECU (1) is in two-way connection with the engine ECU (15), two output ports of the engine ECU (15) are respectively connected with the combination instrument (14) and the engine air inlet preheater (15), and the output end of the engine coolant temperature sensor (7) is connected with one input end of the engine ECU (15).
2. The vehicle cold-assisted starting system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the liquid heater (8) is provided with a bidirectional oil pump to realize forward oil pumping and reverse oil pumping through power supply conversion.
3. The vehicle cold-assisted starting system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the liquid heater is provided with a single oil storage tank; the oil storage tank is connected in series with an oil return pipeline of the engine, and the fuel heater heats fuel in the oil storage tank of the liquid heater through an electric heating wire.
4. The vehicle cold-assisted starting system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the storage battery is heated by liquid outside the storage battery.
5. The vehicle cold-assisted starting system according to claim 1, characterized in that: and after the super capacitor is fully charged, a signal is fed back to the low-temperature starting controller.
6. The vehicle cold-assisted starting system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the low-temperature starting controller sends a command to an engine ECU through a CAN bus so as to control the operation of an engine intake preheater; after the air inlet of the engine is preheated, an indicator lamp on the combination instrument is lightened.
7. A control method of a vehicle low-temperature auxiliary starting system is characterized by comprising the following steps;
step S10, judging whether the engine is in a cold state or not according to signals of the engine coolant temperature sensor (7) and the ambient temperature sensor (4), presetting an ambient temperature and a coolant temperature threshold, judging that the engine adopts a cold start mode when the ambient temperature and the coolant temperature are simultaneously less than the preset temperature threshold, and simultaneously sending an instruction to an engine ECU (electronic control Unit) to stop intake air preheating;
step S11, when the engine adopts the cold start mode, automatically reading or manually inputting the fuel label, and automatically identifying the fuel label according to the fuel fluidity and the fuel temperature, thereby determining the heating time and the final target temperature, if the fuel heating time or the heating target temperature needs to be manually adjusted, the heating is realized by modifying the fuel label;
step S12, if the signal of the engine coolant temperature sensor (7) and the signal of the environment temperature sensor (4) are lower than a set threshold value at the same time, the functional requirement of starting the liquid heater is met, at the moment, the liquid heater starts to work, the liquid heater is provided with an independent oil tank and a bidirectional oil pump, the independent oil tank is connected in series in an engine oil return pipeline, the oil tank can be kept in a full oil state before the engine is flamed out every time, an oil quantity sensor and an oil filling device are not needed, and the oil tank has a heating function and meets the self cold start of the liquid heater; the bidirectional oil pump supplies oil to the liquid heater when working in the forward direction, and can evacuate fuel oil in the oil supply pipe when working in the reverse direction to prevent the fuel oil from waxing;
the water circulation pipeline of the liquid heater passes through the oil tank, and meanwhile, fuel oil in the oil tank can be heated, and the fuel oil is heated by using the fuel oil combustion heat;
step S13, the cold start controller ECU (1) receives the signal of the fuel temperature sensor and the signal of the cooling liquid temperature sensor, judges whether the fuel heating and the liquid heating are finished, and simultaneously feeds back whether a fault exists in the system;
step S14, if the temperature signal is higher than the set lowest threshold, whether the temperature signal is higher than the upper limit threshold is judged again, and when the temperature signal is not higher than the upper limit threshold, the liquid heater (8) does not work, the cold start controller ECU (1) sends out an instruction, and the storage battery heater starts to work;
step S15, judging whether the heating of the storage battery reaches the set temperature as double judgment, and judging whether the heating of the storage battery is finished by detecting the storage battery temperature sensor (6) and the storage battery capacity sensor (5);
step S16, by judging whether the fuel temperature at the moment is matched with the fuel label, if the fuel temperature at the moment meets the lowest using temperature of the fuel label, directly carrying out the next step, and if the fuel temperature at the moment is lower than the lowest using temperature of the fuel label, carrying out fuel heating;
step S17, the fuel oil heater (10) starts to work to heat the engine oil filter and the fuel oil in the high-pressure oil pipe;
step S18, the capacity of the storage battery at the moment is detected again, if the current storage battery meets the electric quantity required by the subsequent starting, the next step of intake preheating is directly carried out, and when the capacity of the storage battery is not enough to maintain the starting, the super capacitor is charged at the moment;
step S19, the super capacitor (11) is disconnected in parallel after being charged, and when the vehicle is started, the super capacitor discharges to start the vehicle;
step S20, preheating the fuel and the cylinder body after preheating according to automobile starting elements, making the final preparation for starting, setting a preheating time experience value according to a system, judging that the inlet air preheating is failed if the time exceeds a maximum threshold, and performing the next step if the inlet air preheating is completed within the threshold time;
in step S21, after the cold start preparation step is completed, the driver is prompted to start the engine.
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