CN112727411A - Dynamic negative pressure device constructed by using sandwich gun - Google Patents

Dynamic negative pressure device constructed by using sandwich gun Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112727411A
CN112727411A CN202110053521.3A CN202110053521A CN112727411A CN 112727411 A CN112727411 A CN 112727411A CN 202110053521 A CN202110053521 A CN 202110053521A CN 112727411 A CN112727411 A CN 112727411A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
negative pressure
gun
perforation
sandwich
dynamic
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CN202110053521.3A
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Inventor
禹栽星
张国杰
蔡山
王树申
陈德祥
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Daqing Jinxiangyu Technology Co ltd
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Daqing Jinxiangyu Technology Co ltd
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Priority to CN202110053521.3A priority Critical patent/CN112727411A/en
Publication of CN112727411A publication Critical patent/CN112727411A/en
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    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B43/00Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
    • E21B43/11Perforators; Permeators
    • E21B43/116Gun or shaped-charge perforators
    • E21B43/117Shaped-charge perforators
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B43/00Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
    • E21B43/11Perforators; Permeators
    • E21B43/119Details, e.g. for locating perforating place or direction

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Drilling And Exploitation, And Mining Machines And Methods (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a dynamic negative pressure device constructed by utilizing an interlayer gun, which comprises the interlayer gun; one end or both ends of intermediate layer rifle increase negative pressure cabin door gear, negative pressure cabin door gear include main part and slidable negative pressure piston, it has four feed liquor holes to open on the main part lateral wall, the pore has also been opened at the position that corresponds with the feed liquor hole to the negative pressure piston. The negative pressure gun cabin door device of the sandwich gun is designed, the negative pressure cabin function of the sandwich gun is added, and the advantage of the position of the sandwich gun closest to the perforation layer section is used, so that the most direct and effective effect is realized, and the effect of the negative pressure on the perforation pore passage is improved.

Description

Dynamic negative pressure device constructed by using sandwich gun
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of oilfield machinery, and relates to a dynamic negative pressure device constructed by utilizing an interlayer gun.
Background
The dynamic negative pressure perforation technology is a new method for cleaning perforation tunnels at the moment of perforation. In the technical development of oil-gas well completion, the dynamic negative pressure perforation process technology can greatly reduce perforation pollution and damage, mainly because negative pressure difference is quickly formed in a shaft after perforation, namely a dynamic negative pressure zone is built in a perforation layer within a period of time, pressure difference is generated between the inside and the outside of the hole wall in a perforation hole channel (the pressure in a geological rock stratum is greater than the pressure in the cavity of the hole channel), and a compaction zone formed on the surface of the perforation hole channel wall by jet flow can be broken under the action of the pressure difference. After the compaction zone is broken, the permeability of the pore wall of the pore channel is restored to the original state. Meanwhile, the generated negative pressure difference can also enable the gas-liquid in the geological rock layer of the perforation hole to generate a phenomenon of flowing into the well rapidly under the action of pressure difference, and broken nitre crushed in the hole channel wrapped by the reflowing gas-liquid flows into the well, so that the pollution of the perforation hole channel during perforation is effectively eliminated, and a cleaner perforation hole channel is obtained.
Many shaped processes and equipment have been developed for stimulation of oil and gas wells using negative pressure perforation during perforation operations. However, the technology is continuously advanced and developed, and any technology is continuously improved in development. The same is true for underbalanced perforation. Past underbalanced perforating creates underbalanced depressurization tools that are typically placed at the upper or lower end of the perforating string. The designed position of the negative pressure forming area is far away from the jetting section of the perforation interval, so that the action time of the reservoir pressure flowing back through the perforation duct can be delayed, and the effects of crushing a compaction zone in the perforation duct and washing and cleaning pollution of well liquid nitre particles due to the pressure difference and the flowing back generated by the negative pressure can be weakened. The flushing capacity of the reservoir backflow to the broken nitre particle dirt of the completion fluid in the perforation duct is reduced, and the breaking and flushing effects of the duct rock stratum compacted pollution zone are reduced.
The existing negative pressure perforation is widely applied to a cable perforation process due to the technical advantages and the construction effect on an oil-gas layer. The device provides guarantee for improving the productivity and injection effect of oil-gas-water wells and the like.
However, during the oil pipe conveying type perforation construction, the oil storage-free geological interval between two adjacent oil layers does not need to be perforated. During the construction of the pipe transportation perforation, the interlayer gun or the oil pipe is used for transferring the stratum of the section of the non-perforated layer. In the past, the sandwich gun has a single function and only plays a role in transiting an oil-reservoir-free formation (i.e., a sandwich) and transferring detonation energy of the perforating gun. With the development of a new technology of shaped perforation of an oil field, the dynamic negative pressure perforation is widely applied by a new technology, and a remarkable application effect is achieved on the productivity of an oil well. However, the performance and structure of the sandwich gun completely meet various conditions required by a negative pressure chamber in the negative pressure perforation. And the position of the sandwich gun in the perforating pipe string is superior to the positions of other negative pressure perforating negative pressure devices. The effect of negative pressure effect on perforation channels can be improved most directly and effectively by being closest to the perforation interval. However, in the development of the conventional negative pressure perforation technique, a sandwich gun having a condition for creating negative pressure has not been used. The key of the sandwich gun dynamic negative pressure perforation technology is on the position and time node of the negative pressure zone. Many times, the most straightforward is the most efficient. In other words, the action time is also a key item to fully exert the action of the dynamic negative pressure during perforation. The cavity structure of the sandwich gun body is just the necessary condition for negative pressure formation. The position of the interlayer gun is the nearest position of the perforation layer section. Therefore, the sandwich gun is fully utilized, the application of the sandwich gun on the dynamic negative pressure is developed, and the problems of the action position and the action time of the dynamic negative pressure are just solved.
In order to solve the defects of the prior art, the advantages of dynamic negative pressure perforation for perforation are brought into play, the negative pressure perforation technology of oil pipe conveying type perforation is developed, and the development and improvement of the oil pipe conveying type perforation technology are realized by utilizing the interlayer gun to realize the oil pipe conveying type dynamic negative pressure perforation.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a dynamic negative pressure device constructed by utilizing an interlayer gun, which increases the negative pressure cabin function of the interlayer gun by designing a negative pressure gun cabin door device of the interlayer gun, realizes the most direct and effective effect by using the position advantage of the interlayer gun closest to a perforation layer section, and improves the effect of negative pressure on a perforation hole channel.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme: a dynamic negative pressure device constructed by using a sandwich gun comprises the sandwich gun; one end or both ends of intermediate layer rifle increase negative pressure cabin door gear, negative pressure cabin door gear include main part and slidable negative pressure piston, it has four feed liquor holes to open on the main part lateral wall, the negative pressure piston is located the main part in and to four feed liquor hole shutoff.
The slidable negative pressure piston is replaced by a pressure-resistant brittle material.
Adopt above-mentioned technical scheme's positive effect: the invention designs the interlayer gun into an interlayer gun device with a novel structure having the function of a negative pressure cabin, creates dynamic negative pressure during perforation by utilizing the inner cavity space of the interlayer gun, and implements dynamic negative pressure perforation of oil pipe conveying type perforation on a perforation layer section; because the interlayer guns are distributed between two adjacent oil layers and are close to the perforation layer section, the negative pressure built by the interlayer guns has more direct and effective effect on the perforation layer section; therefore, the dynamic negative pressure cabin door device assembled between the interlayer gun and the perforating gun is designed to manufacture the dynamic negative pressure of the perforating well section of the construction well, the dynamic negative pressure generated by the interlayer gun enables the reflux pressure difference generated in the geological layer to be larger, and the well fluid particles in the pore canal of the perforating well are polluted, and the hole wall compacted zone is crushed and washed and the pore canal is cleaned more thoroughly.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a conventional perforating sandwich gun dynamic negative pressure perforating device.
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the dynamic negative pressure perforating device of the composite perforating sandwich gun.
In the figure, 1 a sandwich gun, 2 a negative pressure cabin door device, 3 a main body, 4 a slidable negative pressure piston, 5 a first perforating gun, 6 a multi-stage detonating joint, 7 a second perforating gun and 8 a time delay device.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention should not be construed as being limited thereto:
a dynamic negative pressure device constructed by using a sandwich gun comprises a sandwich gun 1. One end or both ends of intermediate layer rifle 1 increase negative pressure cabin hatch door device 2, negative pressure cabin hatch door device 2 include main part 3 and slidable negative pressure piston 4, it has four feed liquor holes to open on the 3 lateral walls of main part, negative pressure piston 4 is located main part 3 and blocks up four feed liquor holes. When the negative pressure piston 4 is pushed into the negative pressure gun body under the action of well fluid pressure, the liquid inlet channel is opened, well fluid rushes into the inner cavity of the negative pressure gun through the liquid inlet channel, and the loss of the well fluid at the perforation section causes negative pressure.
As a further improvement of the present invention, the slidable negative pressure piston 4 is replaced by a pressure-resistant brittle material, which can be any temperature-resistant and pressure-resistant material such as non-metallic ceramic or glass. When perforating, the energy of detonating cord in the sandwich gun is utilized to make it break and open the liquid inlet hole on the main body.
Existing perforation processes can be divided into two broad categories in a sense. One is single ordinary perforation, and the other is synergistic composite perforation. The common perforation process is single and direct, and other completion processes after perforation are additionally constructed. The synergistic composite perforation is that gunpowder is arranged on a perforating gun charge frame or a perforating charge, and high-energy gas fracturing is carried out on the penetrated rock stratum by using a large amount of high-temperature and high-pressure gas generated by the gunpowder during perforation.
In ordinary perforation, because the interlayer gun is connected with the perforator through the middle joint, the energy generated when the perforator detonates can be transmitted to the negative pressure device on the interlayer gun through the large-aperture middle joint inner hole, the piston in the negative pressure device is timely pushed after perforation, the negative pressure hatch is opened, so that well fluid quickly gushes into the negative pressure cabin, and the negative pressure difference between the well and the rock stratum is formed. The breaking and washing of the well completion fluid particle dirt in the perforation pore canal and the compacted pollution zone of the rock stratum pore canal are realized.
When the synergistic composite perforation is carried out, the high-temperature and high-pressure gas generated by the deflagration of the solid powder lags behind the perforation of the perforating gun when the pressure peak value is reached, so the time for generating dynamic negative pressure is controlled in the negative pressure perforation technology and process. If the negative pressure cabin door of the interlayer negative pressure gun is opened before the peak pressure of the composite perforation solid powder, the high pressure generated by the synergistic solid powder is lost, and the effect of the high pressure generated by the synergistic composite perforation solid powder on the stratum is influenced; if the interlayer negative pressure gun lags behind the pressure peak value of the composite solid powder for too long (millisecond level), the negative pressure cabin door is opened, the negative pressure generated by the interlayer gun cannot respond in time, and the significance of negative pressure perforation is lost. Therefore, the structure of the negative pressure opening device of the sandwich gun negative pressure perforation used for common perforation and synergistic composite perforation is different. Particularly, the synergistic composite perforation and the dynamic negative pressure perforation are organically combined, so that the contradiction between the positive pressure required by the high-energy gas acting on the stratum and the negative pressure required by the broken perforation compaction belt and the cleaning perforation duct in time needs to be solved.
Since the dynamic negative pressure technology is used in the composite perforation, the high temperature and high pressure effect generated by the composite solid powder can be used for failure. The time-delay dynamic negative pressure perforation technology and the oil pipe conveying composite perforation construction combined technology are organically combined, and the contradiction between the positive pressure and the negative pressure during the composite dynamic negative pressure perforation is solved. The purposes of crushing the pore channel compaction belt and directly cleaning the perforation pore channel during perforation are achieved. Thus, the well which is cleaned of the perforation tunnel and polluted by the environment can be directly put into production.
Fig. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of a conventional perforating sandwich gun dynamic negative pressure perforating device, and as shown in the figure, the perforating sandwich gun dynamic negative pressure perforating device comprises a first perforating gun 5, a negative pressure cabin door device 2, a sandwich gun 1, a multi-stage detonating joint 6, a second perforating gun 7 and the like. One end of the ballast cabin door device 2 is connected with the perforating gun through threads, and the other end of the ballast cabin door device is connected with the interlayer gun through threads.
The negative pressure cabin door device 2 comprises a main body 3 and a slidable negative pressure piston 4, wherein four liquid inlet holes are formed in the side wall of the main body 3, and the negative pressure piston 4 is positioned in the main body 3 and plugs the four liquid inlet holes. When the negative pressure piston 4 is pushed into the negative pressure gun body under the action of well fluid pressure, the liquid inlet channel is opened, well fluid rushes into the inner cavity of the negative pressure gun through the liquid inlet channel, and the loss of the well fluid at the perforation section causes negative pressure. After the detonation energy of the perforating gun pushes the negative pressure piston to the designed position through the interconnecting inner hole, the liquid inlet holes of the negative pressure cabin are completely opened, and well liquid flows into the cavity of the negative pressure gun through the 4 holes under the action of well hydraulic pressure of the well section, so that the negative pressure in the well of the perforating well section is formed.
During construction, the connected perforating equipment pipe string is thrown to an oil layer section to be perforated by using an oil pipe conveying mode, the perforator is initiated by throwing rod impact or pressure, the perforator perforates a well wall and a geological layer, and meanwhile, the detonation energy of the perforator gun cuts off a pin through a central hole of a conversion joint connector, a cabin door piston is pushed forwards to a designed position, and a cabin door of the dynamic negative pressure device is opened. At the moment, well liquid with high pressure is flushed into an empty cabin of the interlayer gun from a cabin door of the dynamic negative pressure device, negative pressure of a perforation section is formed instantly, and a negative pressure area is formed, so that the pressure in the stratum is balanced in the well through the perforation hole, the gas liquid in the stratum is driven to flow back into the well, and a pollution zone in the perforation hole is cleaned.
The device comprehensively utilizes the detonation energy of a perforating gun in the perforator and the idle space of the interlayer gun, and realizes the construction process of dynamic negative pressure perforation by utilizing the interlayer gun by designing and adding the negative pressure cabin opening device.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the dynamic negative pressure perforating device of the composite perforating sandwich gun, and as shown in the figure, the dynamic negative pressure perforating device of the composite perforating sandwich gun comprises a first perforating gun 5, a time delay device 8 (which can be hydraulic, can also be a time delay detonator time delay mechanism for initiating preset gunpowder in a time delay manner by using a fire and explosive time delay detonator, and can also be a time delay mechanism for exciting an electronic circuit of a magnetoelectric detonator in a time delay manner by using a time delay electronic circuit), a negative pressure cabin door device 2, a sandwich gun 1, a multi-stage initiation joint 6 and a second perforating gun 7. The design type of the main body component structure of the time delay device can be any type of structure and is not limited by specific types, and the design structure mainly realizes the functions of the technology.
The dynamic negative pressure device of the interlayer gun applied to the composite perforation of the oil pipe conveying is characterized in that a delay device is designed according to the complete combustion time (generally between 10 and 30 ms) of composite gunpowder carried by a perforating gun, and the delay device is arranged in front of a negative pressure cabin door device. The action delay is designed to be 30ms, so that the negative pressure gun cabin door is opened at a reasonable moment (about 10ms after the maximum pressure peak value is generated by the combustion of gunpowder).
The time delay principle and structure of the dynamic negative pressure time delay mechanism device can be that the mechanical action of a hydraulic system delays time, and a primary piston pushes a negative pressure gun cabin door to slide after the time delay, so that a liquid inlet hole is opened; the fire and explosive delay detonator can be used for delaying and detonating preset gunpowder, the kinetic energy of the burning of the gunpowder pushes the door body of the negative pressure gun to slide forwards, and the liquid inlet hole is opened; or a time-delay electronic circuit is used for exciting the magnetoelectric detonator in a time-delay manner, gunpowder is excited by the magnetoelectric detonator, and the kinetic energy of the gunpowder is utilized to push the door body of the negative pressure gun to slide forwards so as to open the liquid inlet hole.
The negative pressure gun cabin door device for the composite perforating sandwich gun has the function of delaying the opening of the cabin door, namely the cabin door is opened within a preset time period, the situation that the pressure generated by gunpowder is fully acted in a stratum is guaranteed, the cabin door of the negative pressure cabin can be opened about 10ms after the pressure peak value, the structural design type of the main component of the negative pressure gun cabin door device can be any type of structure and is not limited by specific type, and the designed structure mainly realizes the functions of the technology. The interlayer gun dynamic negative pressure perforation technology for realizing the composite perforation has two functions which are necessary in connection, firstly, two ends of the interlayer gun are sealed, so that the interlayer gun and the composite perforation gun are separated in a sealed state, and high-pressure gas generated by composite gunpowder is prevented from flowing into a negative pressure gun cabin during the composite perforation. And secondly, the transfer function of the detonation energy can enable the next-level perforating equipment to continue detonation.
During the composite perforation construction, the composite perforation equipment is conveyed to the perforation well section in an oil pipe conveying mode. The pipe conveying sandwich gun delayed dynamic negative pressure device for composite perforation is connected between two composite perforating guns. When the composite perforation is carried out, the gunpowder added in the composite perforating gun can generate a large amount of high-temperature high-pressure gas while carrying out perforation, and the generated pressure carries out fracturing and seam making on the perforated well section. Therefore, the dynamic negative pressure of the composite perforation can be formed only after the pressure of the gunpowder reaches the pressure peak value, otherwise, the formed negative pressure cannot generate a back washing effect on a perforation rock stratum and a perforation duct, and the negative pressure generated in improper time can weaken and lose the high-pressure fracturing effect generated by the gunpowder. Therefore, the time delay mechanism is designed in the interlayer gun negative pressure perforation technology applied to the composite perforation, the composite gunpowder can fully act after the time delay of the negative pressure action, and the negative pressure action is compounded, so that the well completion effect is improved.
The invention designs the interlayer gun into an interlayer gun device with a novel structure having the function of a negative pressure cabin, creates dynamic negative pressure during perforation by utilizing the inner cavity space of the interlayer gun, and implements dynamic negative pressure perforation of oil pipe conveying type perforation on a perforation layer section; because the interlayer guns are distributed between two adjacent oil layers and are close to the perforation layer section, the negative pressure built by the interlayer guns has more direct and effective effect on the perforation layer section; therefore, the dynamic negative pressure cabin door device assembled between the interlayer gun and the perforating gun is designed to manufacture the dynamic negative pressure of the perforating well section of the construction well, the dynamic negative pressure generated by the interlayer gun enables the reflux pressure difference generated in the geological layer to be larger, and the well fluid particles in the pore canal of the perforating well are polluted, and the hole wall compacted zone is crushed and washed and the pore canal is cleaned more thoroughly.

Claims (2)

1. The utility model provides an utilize intermediate layer rifle to build dynamic negative pressure device, includes intermediate layer rifle (1), its characterized in that: one end or both ends of intermediate layer rifle (1) increase negative pressure cabin door gear (2), negative pressure cabin door gear (2) including main part (3) and slidable negative pressure piston (4), it has four feed liquor holes to open on main part (3) lateral wall, negative pressure piston (4) are located main part (3) and are four feed liquor hole shutoff.
2. The device for building dynamic negative pressure by using the sandwich gun according to claim 1, characterized in that: the slidable negative pressure piston (4) is replaced by a pressure-resistant brittle material.
CN202110053521.3A 2021-01-15 2021-01-15 Dynamic negative pressure device constructed by using sandwich gun Pending CN112727411A (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN117307110A (en) * 2023-12-01 2023-12-29 大庆金祥寓科技有限公司 Reusable slideway non-return closing type environment-friendly dynamic negative pressure gun tail

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CA2697424A1 (en) * 2009-03-20 2010-09-20 Integrated Production Services Ltd. Method and apparatus for perforating multiple wellbore intervals
CN106194129A (en) * 2015-05-07 2016-12-07 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 Perforation tubular column
CN107654213A (en) * 2017-10-09 2018-02-02 大庆金祥寓科技有限公司 A kind of high energy negative pressure deblocking device
CN111472731A (en) * 2020-06-03 2020-07-31 大庆金祥寓科技有限公司 Time-delay vacuum negative pressure environment-friendly perforating device for composite perforation
CN112081564A (en) * 2020-09-17 2020-12-15 大庆金祥寓科技有限公司 Pipe conveying perforation time-delay dynamic negative pressure device
CN112664166A (en) * 2020-12-31 2021-04-16 大庆金祥寓科技有限公司 Composite perforating negative pressure device using partition detonator delay

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CA2697424A1 (en) * 2009-03-20 2010-09-20 Integrated Production Services Ltd. Method and apparatus for perforating multiple wellbore intervals
CN106194129A (en) * 2015-05-07 2016-12-07 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 Perforation tubular column
CN107654213A (en) * 2017-10-09 2018-02-02 大庆金祥寓科技有限公司 A kind of high energy negative pressure deblocking device
CN111472731A (en) * 2020-06-03 2020-07-31 大庆金祥寓科技有限公司 Time-delay vacuum negative pressure environment-friendly perforating device for composite perforation
CN112081564A (en) * 2020-09-17 2020-12-15 大庆金祥寓科技有限公司 Pipe conveying perforation time-delay dynamic negative pressure device
CN112664166A (en) * 2020-12-31 2021-04-16 大庆金祥寓科技有限公司 Composite perforating negative pressure device using partition detonator delay

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN117307110A (en) * 2023-12-01 2023-12-29 大庆金祥寓科技有限公司 Reusable slideway non-return closing type environment-friendly dynamic negative pressure gun tail
CN117307110B (en) * 2023-12-01 2024-02-27 大庆金祥寓科技有限公司 Reusable slideway non-return closing type environment-friendly dynamic negative pressure gun tail

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Application publication date: 20210430