The position of MSC as shown in Figure 1 in the gsm system.In the drawings, and the MSC relevant interface be: the Ai interface between C interface and MSC-PSTN (public telephone switching network) between Q interface, MSC-HLR (attaching position register) between F interface, MSC-SMC (short message service center) between E interface, MSC-EIR (mobile device identification register) between A interface, MSC-MSC between MSC-BSC (base station controller).The information source that MSC handles is from these interfaces.
Link protocol among the GSM is as follows:
Interface | Link protocol |
MS-BTS BTS-BSC BSC-MSC MSC/VLR (HLR-SS7 network) MSC-PSTN | LAPDm (GSM is peculiar) LAPD (revising) MTP from ISDN, the second layer (SS7 agreement) MTP, the second layer (SS7 agreement) MTP, the second layer (SS7 agreement) |
In the gsm system, MSC has the Ai interface between A interface between BSC-MSC among Fig. 1, E, F between MSC/VLR (HLR-SS7 network), C, Q interface, MSC-PSTN, and these interface link corresponding agreements are the MTP second layer (SS7 agreements).MSC receive information all transmit via the MTP second layer.
In the chain of relevant each interface of MSC, the hierarchical relationship of MSC and NO.7 such as Fig. 2.Among Fig. 2:
The OMAP Operation and Maintenance Application Part
The MAP MAP
The TCAP Transaction Capability Application Part TCAP
The BSSAP Base Station System Application Part
BSS-OMAP base station system Operation and Maintenance Application Part
The TUP Telephone User Part
The ISUP ISDNYong Hubufen
ISP intermediate service part (TCAP based on connectionless networks does not temporarily need)
SCCP SCCP (for MTP3 provides the complementary network service)
The 3rd layer of MTP3 Message Transfer Part (L3 provides the OSI-3 network layer protocol)
The 2nd layer of MTP2 Message Transfer Part (L2 provides the OSI-2 data link layer protocol)
The 1st layer of MTP1 Message Transfer Part (L1 provides the OSI-1 physical layer protocol)
In the chain of the No.7 of MSC, about the flow control aspect following characteristics are arranged: the mechanism that 1) flow control is provided among the .MTP2, with the agreement of similar HDLC (high-end data link control), only need delayed delivery simply to confirm, the flow control of certain mode just is provided very naturally.But this control is comparatively inadequate, because if it is oversize to delay time, the sender will repeat this frame, increase the weight of congested on the contrary.Also can use a kind of additional mechanism, it is to use " stopping-walk " of " receive ready " and " Receive Not Ready " these two orders to control the flow control that realizes to a certain degree.But link layer can only be realized the flow control of this layer according to the disposal ability of self.
2) SCCP provides does not have connection substantially, do not have in order connect, basic towards connect with flow control towards the four class business that are connected.In MSC, use do not have substantially connection with basic towards being connected two class business.There is not flow control in this two classes business.
3) the OSI-7 application layer that loads in the MSC processor (TCAP, OMAP, INAP, BSSAP, BSSOMAP, ISUP, TUP) receives and has carried out flow control from the information of each interface at the MTP of bottom link layer.Consider the resource-sharing of the simultaneous probability of each information flow maximum capacity and each information flow, its disposal ability is not each information source maximum processing capability sum.The load control of link layer can not guarantee to stop the overload of MSC application layer.
Under the spy oestruses condition, may cause the disposal ability of whole system to reduce to 0 because the disposal ability of MSC application layer or the restriction of resource cause overload.The reason that causes traffic overload is because information flow-rate has exceeded the disposal ability of processor, carries out overloading control, will control information flow-rate exactly.
In traditional stored-program control exchange (PSTN net), its overloading control is an index with the BHCA of call business, and call business is carried out corresponding grading control.And for MSC (PLMN net), business and PSTN that it is handled are different, directly adopt the overload control method in traditional stored-program control exchange to have following defective:
BHCA with call business is the load level that index can not accurately and timely reflect processor.
Compare with cable convertor, except that call business, also have business such as position renewal, basic call, supplementary service, short message, service switchover what MSC handled, it is neither inaccurate again comprehensively therefore only to calculate the BHCA index with call business.
Because the main business of carrying out in MSC also has position renewal, basic call, supplementary service, short message, service switchover, therefore still only call business is controlled by original, can not effectively control the load of MSC, the characteristics that must the adapt to MSC control of loading comprehensively and effectively.
Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 be the present invention based on the prior art background, this part is described in front.Fig. 3 has embodied operation principle of the present invention, is clue below with Fig. 3, introduces technical scheme of the present invention in detail in conjunction with Fig. 4 and Ge Biao.
For the MSC application layer, the relevant index of reflection MSC processor load level has: CPU usage; Busy hour calling attempt BHCA; Memory usage; Handling index Index is that the data field takies number.
The situation that takies of above resource can reflect whether the MSC processor is in overload state, and whether decision carries out flow control thus.Concrete operations are as follows:
The rank of flow control is divided into 6 grades; Three timers are set in MSC, regularly inquiry reflects the relevant index of MSC processor load level, and according to table 1, table 2, relation shown in the table 3 is determined the flow control rank mcabMSCGrade1 of corresponding different indexs, the value of mcabMSCGrade2 and mcabMSCGrade3 respectively.Because the message of three timers not necessarily arrives simultaneously, so corresponding flow control hierarchy also not necessarily calculates simultaneously.Whenever obtain new other value of flow control level, just compare, get its big value as new enforcement flow control rank mcabMSCGrade with current enforcement flow control rank mcabMSCGrade.
Be described one by one with regard to various indexs below: 1. be that index is determined mcabMSCGrade1 with CPU usage and processing index Index.
As Fig. 3, timer T1 is set, the function G etCPU () that timing call operation system provides, the occupancy of inquiry CPU, the Index number that timing data query district takies in MSC.Length of timer is determined by operation maintenance center OMC backstage.According to checking in the result, by determining MSC one effluent amount control hierarchy by CPU usage with the processing index Index that takies in the table 1.As the flow control rank mcabMSCGrade1 that determines thus during, substitute current mcabMSCGrade value with the flow control rank mcabMSCGrade1 that newly calculates greater than current mcabMSCGrade.
The relation table of table 1CPU occupancy and flow control rank mcabMSCGrade1
≥80% | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 |
75%≤cpu<80% | 5 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 |
70%≤cpu<75% | 4 | 5 | 5 | 6 | 6 |
65%≤cpu<70% | 3 | 4 | 5 | 5 | 6 |
Annotate: the value in the form is that MSC processor flow control rank mcabMSCGrade12. is that index is determined mcabMSCGrade2 with memory usage and processing index Index.
As Fig. 3, timer T2 is set, the function G etResource () that timing call operation system provides, the occupancy of audit memory UB, the Index number that timing data query district takies in MSC.Length of timer is determined by operation maintenance center OMC backstage.According to checking in the result, by determining MSC one effluent amount control hierarchy mcabMSCGrade2 by the UB occupancy with the processing index Index that takies in the table 2.As the flow control rank mcabMSCGrade2 that determines thus during, substitute current mcabMSCGrade value with the flow control rank mcabMSCGrade2 that newly calculates greater than current mcabMSCGrade.The relation table of table 2 memory usage (UBOcc/Index) and flow control rank mcabMSCGrade2
Annotate: the value in the form is that MSC processor flow control rank mcabMSCGrade23. is that index is determined mcabMSCGrade3 with BHCA.The computing formula of busy hour calling attempt BHCA value is:
According to above computing formula, can obtain relation curve as shown in Figure 4.
According to the relation curve of Fig. 4, realize the relation such as the table 3 of MSC one effluent amount grading control by BHCA.For cable convertor, call business is its main business, and BHCA is relevant with call business.And in mobile switch, except that call business, also have other business to carry out, only calculate the BHCA value and can not accurately reflect this index with call business.Therefore, the related service of calculating BHCA has call business, supplementary service, service switchover, position more new business, short message service in MSC.The every generation of above business once, traffic meter hookoffNum adds 1.MSC is provided with timer T3 by duration timelen, when timer T3 arrives, is calculated as follows BHCA:
After BHCA=hookofNum * 3600/ ((timerlen/10)/1000) obtains the value of BHCA, traffic meter hookofNum is clear 0, so that counting again.According to table 3, correspondence is determined flow control rank mcabMSCGrade3 then.As the flow control rank mcabMSCGrade3 that determines thus during, substitute current mcabMSCGrade value with the flow control rank mcabMSCGrade3 that newly calculates greater than current mcabMSCGrade.
The relation table of table 3 BHCA occupancy and flow control rank mcabMSCGrade3
BHCA | mcabMSCGrade3 |
<MaxBHCA*7/6 | 0 |
<MaxBHCA*8/6 | 1 |
<MaxBHCA*9/6 | 2 |
<MaxBHCA*10/6 | 3 |
<MaxBHCA*11/6 | 4 |
<MaxBHCA*12/6 | 5 |
Because the message of timer T1, T2 and T3 not necessarily arrives simultaneously, therefore pairing flow control rank mcabMSCGrade1, mcabMSCGrade2 and mcabMSCGrade3 also not necessarily calculate simultaneously.When the message of a certain timer then, just begin to calculate corresponding flow control hierarchy, with the flow control rank mcabMSCGrade of this stylish flow control rank that obtains and current enforcement relatively, get its big value as new mcabMSCGrade.For example, the mcabMSCGrade when initial is 0, and when T1 is 2 to calculating mcabMSCGrade1, mcabMSCGrade1 is bigger than mcabMSCGrade, and then mcabMSCGrade is updated to 2; When T3 is 4 to calculating mcabMSCGrade3, mcabMSCGrade3 is greater than mcabMSCGrade, and then mcabMSCGrade is updated to 4; When T2 is 3 to calculating mcabMSCGrade2, mcabMSCGrade2 is less than mcabMSCGrade, and then mcabMSCGrade keeps initial value.Go round and begin again like this, make mcabMSCGrade remain maximum.
When mcabMSCGrade>0, judge MSC processor overload.MSC sends " overload " message to all BSC, and to the OMC of operation maintenance center alarm, when mcabMSCGrade=0, OMC sends out alarm recovery message to operation maintenance center.4. to the processing of BSC traffic overload message
As mentioned above, the present invention is except the flow control that alignment processing device overloading control is carried out, and the traffic overload message that also responds BSC is carried out corresponding flow control processing.When mcabMSCGrade>0, judge MSC processor overload, this moment, MSC sent " overload " message to all BSC, and in like manner, BSC also will send " overload " message to MSC when transshipping.After the traffic overload message of receiving BSC, press protocol requirement, MSC is provided with timer T5, T6.During the T5 timing, do not handle all " overload " and signalling point congestion messages, in order to avoid it is too fast that traffic carrying capacity is reduced.Receive " overload " message in the time of at the T5 overtime and during the T6 timing, then the flow control rank of this BSC adds 1, and opens T5 and T6 again.
Reduce traffic carrying capacity so gradually up to the maximum minimizing that obtains traffic carrying capacity.If T6 overtime (promptly no longer receiving " overload " message or signalling point congestion messages during the T6 timing) then increase the one-level traffic carrying capacity is opened T6 again, up to reaching at full capacity.
When certain BSC overload, and the MSC processor also is in overload, then compare the flow control rank mcabMSCGrade of MSC processor and the flow control rank mcabBSCGrade of BSC, the flow control rank Grade that selects value bigger among both to carry out this moment as reality.According to this value, make corresponding flow control and handle again.
After having determined flow control rank Grade, the specific practice of the present invention in overloading control is, the service source that starts of MSC is divided into different priority levels, when taking place, overload stops the calling of the minimum service source of priority at first as early as possible, to reduce the total load amount, if still have overload, stop higher leveled service source, up to the processing that stops the highest priority traffic source.Concrete preferential treatment control principle is:
----gives preferential treatment to ongoing business;
The high call source of----preferential treatment priority;
Overladen business (switching) is alleviated in----preferential treatment;
----delays some non-basic traffic and handles the operation of type, as administers and maintains function etc.;
The source takes place in business and controls in----.
The main business of carrying out among the MSC has supplementary service, the basic call business, and service switchover, the position is new business more, short message service.These business be the main cause of resource occupation, rationally control these professional flows and just can effectively carry out overloading control.During the MSC overload, the control method of being undertaken by above flow control rank, MSC also should have certain processing capabilities, continuing to handle the existing professional unlikely disposal ability of system that causes worsens, for guaranteeing the Business Processing success rate, do not waste the processing of having carried out, avoid ongoing business to give up halfway, overloading control is only at the kainogenesis business.According to above preferential treatment control principle, different business is adopted the control method of table 4 according to flow control rank Grade.
Table 4 new business control hierarchy table
In the table, * expression is to should the flow control rank time, and this business is under an embargo; M/n represents to manage business to account for professional percentage takes place.
Handled main business is elaborated to MSC one by one below:
Supplementary service: the MSC application layer is received initial message CM service request at A mouth (interface between MSC and the BSC).After MSC receives this message,, press table 4 principle, carry out corresponding message acceptance or message and abandon processing, reach flow control supplementary service according to flow control rank Grade.
Short message service: the MSC application layer is received initial message CM service request at the A mouth.After MSC receives this message,, press table 4 principle, carry out corresponding message acceptance or message and abandon processing, reach flow control short message service according to flow control rank Grade.
Substantially go into to call out: the No.7 signaling TUP of MSC application layer and channel associated signalling are received into call initiation message IAM (initial address message).After MSC receives this message, judge User Priority earlier, as be priority user, then do not carry out flow control; As be nonprivileged user, then, press table 4 principle according to flow control rank Grade, carry out corresponding message acceptance or message and abandon processing, reach flow control to going into to call out.
Substantially go out to call out: the MSC application layer receives that at the A mouth user's goes out call initiation message CM service request.After MSC receives this message, judge User Priority, as be priority user, then do not carry out flow control; As be nonprivileged user, then, press table 4 principle according to flow control rank Grade, carry out corresponding message acceptance or message and abandon processing, reach flow control to going out to call out.
Switch the side of cutting out: the MSC application layer receives that at the A mouth switching side of the cutting out initial message of BSC switches requirement.After MSC receives this message,, press table 4 principle, carry out corresponding message acceptance or message and abandon processing, reach flow control the switching side of cutting out according to flow control rank Grade.
Switch incision side: the MSC application layer can be received the switching side of the incision initial message handoff request from E interface or local exchange.After MSC receives this message, judge User Priority earlier, as be priority user, then do not carry out flow control; As be nonprivileged user, then, press table 4 principle according to flow control rank Grade, carry out corresponding message acceptance or message and abandon processing, reach flow control to the switching side of cutting out.
The position is upgraded: the MSC application layer is received the initial message position updating request at the A mouth.After MSC receives this message,, press table 4 principle, carry out corresponding message acceptance or message and abandon processing, reach the flow control that the position is upgraded according to flow control rank Grade.
With traditional in stored-program control exchange, be that index calculated flow rate controlled stage method for distinguishing is compared with BHCA, the present invention more can in time reflect the load condition of MSC comprehensively, the flow control of not only adopting the transmission link of existing No.7 signaling to provide, and in the source that each main business takes place, different business is carried out overloading control respectively at the A mouth of No.7 signaling TUP, channel associated signalling and MSC, more block traffic carrying capacity in the source effectively all sidedly, thereby reach comprehensive overloading control the MSC application layer.