CN112724613A - Degradable material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Degradable material and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN112724613A CN112724613A CN202011438491.XA CN202011438491A CN112724613A CN 112724613 A CN112724613 A CN 112724613A CN 202011438491 A CN202011438491 A CN 202011438491A CN 112724613 A CN112724613 A CN 112724613A
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 86
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 14
- 235000017166 Bambusa arundinacea Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 80
- 235000017491 Bambusa tulda Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 80
- 241001330002 Bambuseae Species 0.000 claims abstract description 80
- 235000015334 Phyllostachys viridis Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 80
- 239000011425 bamboo Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 80
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 78
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 40
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- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 229920002101 Chitin Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 229920000747 poly(lactic acid) Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000004626 polylactic acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000002667 nucleating agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000011256 inorganic filler Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 229910003475 inorganic filler Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 72
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 42
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 42
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 35
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000006087 Silane Coupling Agent Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 16
- WNLRTRBMVRJNCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N adipic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCC(O)=O WNLRTRBMVRJNCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- TZCXTZWJZNENPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L barium sulfate Chemical compound [Ba+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O TZCXTZWJZNENPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
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- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 14
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- 229920001661 Chitosan Polymers 0.000 claims description 12
- VMDTXBZDEOAFQF-UHFFFAOYSA-N formaldehyde;ruthenium Chemical compound [Ru].O=C VMDTXBZDEOAFQF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- COLNVLDHVKWLRT-QMMMGPOBSA-N L-phenylalanine Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@@H](N)CC1=CC=CC=C1 COLNVLDHVKWLRT-QMMMGPOBSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- COLNVLDHVKWLRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenylalanine Natural products OC(=O)C(N)CC1=CC=CC=C1 COLNVLDHVKWLRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 229920000331 Polyhydroxybutyrate Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
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- 235000011037 adipic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
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- 239000005015 poly(hydroxybutyrate) Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229940074404 sodium succinate Drugs 0.000 claims description 8
- ZDQYSKICYIVCPN-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium succinate (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C(=O)CCC([O-])=O ZDQYSKICYIVCPN-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 8
- ZTRIBXMDBFDMQW-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;4-methylpentanoate Chemical compound [Na+].CC(C)CCC([O-])=O ZTRIBXMDBFDMQW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 8
- 244000144730 Amygdalus persica Species 0.000 claims description 7
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- 235000006040 Prunus persica var persica Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- FPAFDBFIGPHWGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxomagnesium;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Mg]=O.[Mg]=O.[Mg]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O FPAFDBFIGPHWGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920001592 potato starch Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 7
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- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 claims description 7
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- 238000000967 suction filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- FMZUHGYZWYNSOA-VVBFYGJXSA-N (1r)-1-[(4r,4ar,8as)-2,6-diphenyl-4,4a,8,8a-tetrahydro-[1,3]dioxino[5,4-d][1,3]dioxin-4-yl]ethane-1,2-diol Chemical compound C([C@@H]1OC(O[C@@H]([C@@H]1O1)[C@H](O)CO)C=2C=CC=CC=2)OC1C1=CC=CC=C1 FMZUHGYZWYNSOA-VVBFYGJXSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- LNYGCDOWFJXOSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-n,3-n,5-n-tricyclohexylbenzene-1,3,5-tricarboxamide Chemical compound C=1C(C(=O)NC2CCCCC2)=CC(C(=O)NC2CCCCC2)=CC=1C(=O)NC1CCCCC1 LNYGCDOWFJXOSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940087101 dibenzylidene sorbitol Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- ZUDYLZOBWIAUPC-UHFFFAOYSA-L disodium;pentanedioate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C(=O)CCCC([O-])=O ZUDYLZOBWIAUPC-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- UDWXLZLRRVQONG-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium hexanoate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCC([O-])=O UDWXLZLRRVQONG-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000844 anti-bacterial effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 18
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 8
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- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
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- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000233866 Fungi Species 0.000 description 1
- JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-REOHCLBHSA-N L-lactic acid Chemical compound C[C@H](O)C(O)=O JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-REOHCLBHSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000700605 Viruses Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012190 activator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004220 aggregation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009920 chelation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000007822 coupling agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920006238 degradable plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000010292 electrical insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010096 film blowing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010794 food waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 1
- -1 iodide ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000010813 municipal solid waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 1
- CFQCIHVMOFOCGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum ruthenium Chemical compound [Ru].[Pt] CFQCIHVMOFOCGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001432 poly(L-lactide) Polymers 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052623 talc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000012222 talc Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L67/00—Compositions of polyesters obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L67/02—Polyesters derived from dicarboxylic acids and dihydroxy compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2201/00—Properties
- C08L2201/06—Biodegradable
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2201/00—Properties
- C08L2201/08—Stabilised against heat, light or radiation or oxydation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2205/00—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features
- C08L2205/02—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing two or more polymers of the same C08L -group
- C08L2205/025—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing two or more polymers of the same C08L -group containing two or more polymers of the same hierarchy C08L, and differing only in parameters such as density, comonomer content, molecular weight, structure
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2205/00—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features
- C08L2205/03—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing three or more polymers in a blend
- C08L2205/035—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing three or more polymers in a blend containing four or more polymers in a blend
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2205/00—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features
- C08L2205/14—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing polymeric additives characterised by shape
- C08L2205/16—Fibres; Fibrils
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2205/00—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features
- C08L2205/24—Crystallisation aids
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of degradable materials, in particular to a degradable material and a preparation method thereof, wherein the degradable material comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10-20 parts of starch, 10-20 parts of polylactic acid, 1-5 parts of compatilizer, 1-5 parts of nucleating agent, 20-40 parts of PBAT resin, 1-3 parts of inorganic filler, 4-12 parts of modified bamboo fiber, 1-5 parts of deacetylated chitin and 1-5 parts of degradable additive. The degradable material of the invention adopts deacetylated chitin and modified bamboo fiber as antibacterial raw materials, the deacetylated chitin has good antibacterial activity, and the PBAT resin, the degradable additive and the nucleating agent are combined, so that the prepared material has good self-degradation effect, good flexibility, bending strength and heat resistance while having antibacterial property, and has the advantages of reduced cost compared with pure PBAT material, no harm to human body and environment, and wide market prospect and application value.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of degradable materials, in particular to a degradable material and a preparation method thereof.
Background
With the rapid rise of the internet and O2O business models, the network order take-out delivery market is growing. The online ordering and takeout mode provides convenient and fast service for people, a large amount of disposable plastic tableware garbage is generated, and the pollution problem of takeout tableware is more and more concerned. Only 14% of plastic packages are recycled globally, and the waste in treatment is about 10% of the plastic packages which are finally and effectively recycled, the take-out tableware theoretically belongs to recyclable articles, but because the take-out tableware is light and thin in texture, the take-out tableware is mostly polluted by oil stains and food residues after being used, the recycling needs to be cleaned and collected, the required labor cost is often higher than the economic value of tableware recycling, and the take-out tableware does not have profitability for recycling companies, so the incineration or landfill treatment is mostly adopted, and the atmospheric pollution and the waste and pollution of land resources are caused. In order to realize the green recyclable takeaway lunch box, the domestic main meal ordering platform successively provides environment-friendly options, and mainly provides 'zero tableware/no tableware' options in an order remark column aiming at disposable chopsticks, spoons, toothpicks and the like, but the most key plastic lunch box cannot be replaced and cannot be designed. The development of degradable new material takeaway tableware is accelerated, and the degradable high-quality lunch box is used for replacing a common non-degradable plastic lunch box, so that the degradable new material takeaway tableware becomes an important method for promoting the application of green tableware and reducing the harm of the piling and burning treatment of the non-degradable disposable plastic takeaway tableware to the environment and the human health.
The existing degradable tableware such as paper tableware can not be popularized and used in large scale due to wood consumption and high manufacturing cost. Therefore, it is a necessary trend in the development of society to find a material for tableware which is excellent in quality, inexpensive and environmentally friendly.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects and shortcomings in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a degradable material, deacetylated chitin and modified bamboo fiber are used as antibacterial raw materials, the deacetylated chitin has good antibacterial activity, and PBAT resin, a degradable additive and a nucleating agent are combined, so that the prepared material has good self-degradation effect while having antibacterial property, and has the characteristics of good flexibility, bending strength, heat resistance, pressure resistance, water resistance and oil resistance.
The invention also aims to provide a preparation method of the degradable material, which has simple preparation process and high subsequent forming speed and is beneficial to industrial production.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: a degradable material comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
the molecular weight of the polylactic acid is 150000-250000; further, the deacetylated chitin is deacetylated chitin 9012-76-4 produced by seian mosaic Biotechnology Limited; the PBAT resin is PBAT resin TH801T produced by engineering plastics Limited of Suzhou Xinfeiyang.
The degradable material in the invention adopts deacetylated chitin and modified bamboo fiber as antibacterial raw materials, PBAT resin as a base material, the deacetylated chitin has good antibacterial activity, can inhibit the growth and reproduction of some fungi, bacteria and viruses, has small dosage and no toxic or side effect, and simultaneously combines the PBAT resin, the degradable additive and the nucleating agent, so that the prepared material has good self-degradation effect while having antibacterial property, and has the characteristics of good flexibility, bending strength, heat resistance, pressure resistance, water resistance and oil resistance. The starch and the modified bamboo fiber adopted by the method have good biodegradability and good mechanical strength, and the various properties of the prepared degradable material can be obviously improved by adding the raw materials; the PBAT resin is a bio-based full-degradable film blowing material, has good high and low temperature resistance, is milky white, is easy to absorb moisture, is easy to decompose by microorganisms, is natural antistatic, and has good coloring performance, and the comprehensive performance of the finally prepared degradable material is improved by combining the reinforcement and the synergy of the modified bamboo fiber and the degradable additive on the basis of the PBAT resin and combining the excellent performances of the materials; the degradation rate of the adopted polylactic acid is high when the polylactic acid is used in life, so that the plastic can be better utilized by properly reducing the degradation rate of the polylactic acid, pollution can not be caused, and the polylactic acid is greatly beneficial to environmental protection.
Preferably, the modified bamboo fiber is prepared by the following steps:
s1, weighing 5-8g of bamboo fiber, crushing the bamboo fiber to the particle size of less than 100 meshes, adding 200-240mL of IO4 with the concentration of 0.1mol/L-1Adding 8-10mL of 0.1mol/L sodium hydroxide solution into the solution, heating to 50-70 ℃, stirring for 20-40min, washing with deionized water for 1-3 times, carrying out suction filtration on the deionized water, spraying and freezing with liquid nitrogen for 3-6min, adding the frozen bamboo fibers into a grinding device, and grinding for 1-5min to obtain bamboo fiber bundles for later use;
s2, weighing 0.5-1.0g of peach gum and 0.5-1.0g of phenylalanine, mixing, adding into the bamboo fiber bundle obtained in the step S1, heating to 80-100 ℃, continuously stirring for 30-50min, washing for 1-3 times with deionized water, filtering and separating filter residue, transferring the filter residue to an ultraviolet sterilizing lamp for sterilization for 10-20min, drying the sterilized filter residue, heating to 70-80 ℃ and drying to obtain the modified bamboo fiber.
The modified bamboo fiber is prepared by the method, the bamboo fiber is modified before copolymerization with PBAT resin, and the modified bamboo fiber is rich in iodide ions and has good antibacterial performance; meanwhile, phenylalanine molecules are grafted on the surface of the bamboo fiber, and surface hydrophilic groups (-OH) are replaced by the phenylalanine molecules, so that the compatibility of the bamboo fiber and a polylactic acid matrix is improved, and the modified bamboo fiber is more easily dispersed in the polylactic acid matrix; in addition, the prepared modified bamboo fiber and the polylactic acid degradable material have excellent mechanical properties, and the tensile strength and the impact strength of the modified bamboo fiber are respectively improved by 35-40% and 40-45% compared with the traditional composite degradable material.
Preferably, each part of the compatilizer is at least one of PLA-g-MAH, PLA-g-GMA, PBS-g-MAH and PBS-g-GMA; more preferably, each part of the compatilizer is a mixture consisting of PLA-g-MAH, PBS-g-MAH and PBS-g-GMA according to the weight ratio of 0.4-0.8:0.6-1.0: 0.8-1.2; the PLA-g-MAH is preferably produced by Shanghai Yuyu New Material science and technology, the PBS-g-MAH is preferably produced by Suzhou Lu Tu material, and the PBS-g-GMA is preferably produced by Shengmei plastication science and technology, Inc. of Dongguan. Each part of the inorganic filler is at least one of talcum powder, calcium carbonate and barium sulfate; more preferably, each part of the inorganic filler is a mixture of talc, calcium carbonate and barium sulfate in a weight ratio of 0.8-1.2:0.4-0.8: 0.6-1.0.
The addition of the compatilizer in the invention is beneficial to improving the interface effect of the PBAT resin and other processing aids and improving the dispersibility of other processing aids in a system; the added inorganic filler has inactive chemical property and chemical resistance and electrical insulation, so that the size stability, rigidity and hardness of the material can be improved, and the mechanical property of the material can be improved; in addition, the water resistance and the appearance whiteness of the material can be improved, and the cost is greatly reduced.
Preferably, each part of the nucleating agent is at least one of TMP-6, TMC-300, TMC-306, sodium succinate, sodium glutarate, sodium caproate, sodium 4-methylvalerate, adipic acid, dibenzylidene sorbitol, TMC-328 and TMC-210; more preferably, each part of the nucleating agent is a mixture of TMP-6, sodium succinate, sodium 4-methylvalerate and adipic acid according to the weight ratio of 0.1-0.5:0.6-1.0:0.4-0.8: 0.8-1.2.
The nucleating agent and the modified bamboo fiber are added to improve the heat resistance of the material in a synergistic manner, and the nucleating agent and the modified bamboo fiber are beneficial to improving the binding power between the bamboo fiber and the matrix resin and improving the mechanical property of the composite material.
Preferably, each part of the degradable additive comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
preferably, the degradable additive is prepared by the following steps: firstly, weighing crushed coffee grounds, adding the coffee grounds into a sodium hydroxide solution with the concentration of less than 0.1mol/L, soaking for 10-20min, then adjusting the pH value of the system to 5-7, adding dodecacarbonyltriruthenium and polyhydroxybutyrate, sealing and heating for 1-3h at the temperature of 50-70 ℃, finally adding chitosan and a silane coupling agent, and continuously stirring for 30-60min at the same temperature to obtain the degradable additive. In the degradable additive, the silane coupling agent is a silane coupling agent KH550 or KH 570.
The degradable additive provided by the invention takes coffee grounds and chitosan as main raw materials, can recycle waste of the coffee grounds through catalytic combination of dodecacarbonyl triruthenium, modifies the coffee grounds to obtain modified coffee grounds, and can improve the heat resistance and toughness of polylactic acid after being added into the polylactic acid material. After the coffee grounds are treated and activated, the prepared coffee grounds activator forms irregular aggregates due to the aggregation action, spherical aggregate coffee carbon is obtained after chelation with polyhydroxybutyrate under the catalysis of dodecacarbonyl triruthenium, and a layer of chitosan is covered on the surface layer of the coffee carbon to form a core-shell mechanism, so that the core-shell mechanism has stronger bonding and adsorption properties on polylactic acid molecular chains, and can greatly increase the toughness and heat resistance of polylactic acid.
Preferably, each part of the starch is a mixture of tapioca starch, potato starch and barley starch in a weight ratio of 0.4-0.8:0.6-1.0: 0.8-1.2. Each part of the silane coupling agent is a silane coupling agent KH550 or KH 570.
The starch adopted in the invention has good biodegradability and good mechanical strength, and the addition of the raw materials can obviously improve various properties of the prepared degradable material; and the addition of the coupling agent can improve the binding force between the modified bamboo fiber and the PBAT resin and improve the mechanical property of the composite material.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the degradable material, which comprises the following steps:
1) mixing and crushing inorganic filler, modified bamboo fiber, PBAT resin and starch according to parts by weight, and filtering the mixture by using a 90-110-mesh sieve to obtain a mixture A for later use;
2) adding the nucleating agent, the degradable additive and the deacetylated chitin into the polylactic acid according to the parts by weight, heating to 60-90 ℃, and stirring at the rotating speed of 450-550r/min for 10-20min to obtain a mixture B for later use;
3) adding the mixture A obtained in the step 1) into the mixture B obtained in the step 2), heating to 60-80 ℃, stirring at the rotating speed of 350-.
The degradable material is prepared by the method, the degradable material prepared by the method has good antibacterial property and good self-degradation effect, chitosan and modified bamboo fiber are used as antibacterial raw materials, the chitosan has good antibacterial activity, and PBAT resin, a degradable additive and a nucleating agent are combined, so that the prepared material has good self-degradation effect while having antibacterial property, and has the characteristics of good flexibility, bending strength, heat resistance, pressure resistance, water resistance and oil resistance. In addition, the reaction temperature in the step 2) needs to be strictly controlled to be 60-90 ℃ when the material is prepared, and the temperature is not suitable to be too high, so that the chitosan is deteriorated and the final performance of the synthetic material is not facilitated.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the degradable material of the invention adopts deacetylated chitin and modified bamboo fiber as antibacterial raw materials, the deacetylated chitin has good antibacterial activity, and the PBAT resin, the degradable additive and the nucleating agent are combined, so that the prepared material has good self-degradation effect while having antibacterial property, and has the characteristics of good flexibility, bending strength, heat resistance, pressure resistance, water resistance and oil resistance.
The preparation method of the degradable material has simple process and high subsequent forming speed, and is beneficial to industrial production.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the following examples for facilitating understanding of those skilled in the art, and the description of the embodiments is not intended to limit the present invention.
Example 1
A degradable material comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
the molecular weight of the polylactic acid is 150000; the deacetylated chitin is deacetylated chitin 9012-76-4 produced by Xian Ousai Biotechnology Co., Ltd; the PBAT resin is PBAT resin TH801T produced by engineering plastics Limited of Suzhou Xinfeiyang.
The modified bamboo fiber is prepared by the following steps:
s1, weighing 5g of bamboo fiber, crushing the bamboo fiber to a particle size of less than 100 meshes, adding 200mL of IO4 with a concentration of 0.1mol/L-1Adding 8mL of 0.1mol/L sodium hydroxide solution into the solution, heating to 50 ℃, stirring for 20min, washing with deionized water for 1 time, performing suction filtration on the deionized water, spraying and freezing with liquid nitrogen for 3min, adding the frozen bamboo fibers into a grinding device, and grinding for 1min to obtain bamboo fiber bundles for later use;
s2, weighing 0.5g of peach gum and 0.5g of phenylalanine, mixing, adding into the bamboo fiber bundle obtained in the step S1, heating to 80 ℃, continuously stirring for 30min, washing for 1 time with deionized water, filtering and separating filter residue, transferring the filter residue to an ultraviolet sterilizing lamp for sterilization for 10min, draining the sterilized filter residue, heating to 70 ℃, and drying to obtain the modified bamboo fiber.
Each part of the compatilizer is a mixture consisting of PLA-g-MAH, PBS-g-MAH and PBS-g-GMA according to the weight ratio of 0.4:0.6: 0.8; the PLA-g-MAH is preferably produced by Shanghai Yuyu New Material science and technology, the PBS-g-MAH is preferably produced by Suzhou Lu Tu material, and the PBS-g-GMA is preferably produced by Shengmei plastication science and technology, Inc. of Dongguan.
Each part of the inorganic filler is a mixture of talcum powder, calcium carbonate and barium sulfate according to the weight ratio of 0.8:0.4: 0.6.
Each part of the nucleating agent is a mixture of TMP-6, sodium succinate, sodium 4-methylvalerate and adipic acid according to the weight ratio of 0.1:0.6:0.4: 0.8.
Each part of the degradable additive comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
the degradable additive is prepared by the following steps: firstly, weighing crushed coffee grounds, adding the coffee grounds into a sodium hydroxide solution with the concentration of less than 0.1mol/L, soaking for 10min, adjusting the pH value of a system to 5, adding dodecacarbonyl triruthenium and polyhydroxybutyrate, sealing and heating for 1h at the temperature of 50 ℃, finally adding chitosan and a silane coupling agent, and continuously stirring for 30min at the same temperature to obtain the degradable additive.
Each part of the starch is a mixture of cassava starch, potato starch and barley starch according to the weight ratio of 0.4:0.6: 0.8.
Each part of the silane coupling agent is a silane coupling agent KH 550.
The preparation method of the degradable material comprises the following steps:
1) mixing and crushing inorganic filler, modified bamboo fiber, PBAT resin and starch according to parts by weight, and filtering the mixture by using a 90-mesh sieve to obtain a mixture A for later use;
2) adding the nucleating agent, the degradable additive and the deacetylated chitin into the polylactic acid according to the parts by weight, heating to 60 ℃, and stirring at the rotating speed of 450r/min for 10min to obtain a mixture B for later use;
3) adding the mixture A obtained in the step 1) into the mixture B obtained in the step 2), heating to 60 ℃, stirring at the rotating speed of 350r/min for 30min to obtain a mixture C, finally adding the mixture C from a main feeding port of an extruder, adding a compatilizer from a side feeding port of the extruder, and carrying out melt extrusion at the temperature of 150 ℃ to obtain the degradable material.
Example 2
A degradable material comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
the molecular weight of the polylactic acid is 170000; the deacetylated chitin is deacetylated chitin 9012-76-4 produced by Xian Ousai Biotechnology Co., Ltd; the PBAT resin is PBAT resin TH801T produced by engineering plastics Limited of Suzhou Xinfeiyang.
The modified bamboo fiber is prepared by the following steps:
s1, weighing 6g of bamboo fiber, crushing the bamboo fiber to a particle size of less than 100 meshes, adding 210mL of the crushed bamboo fiber with a concentration of 0.1mol/LContaining IO4-1Adding 8.5mL of 0.1mol/L sodium hydroxide solution into the solution, heating to 55 ℃, stirring for 25min, washing with deionized water for 1 time, performing suction filtration on the deionized water, spraying and freezing with liquid nitrogen for 3min, adding the frozen bamboo fibers into a grinding device, and grinding for 2min to obtain bamboo fiber bundles for later use;
s2, weighing 0.6g of peach gum and 0.6g of phenylalanine, mixing, adding the mixture into the bamboo fiber bundle obtained in the step S1, heating to 85 ℃, continuously stirring for 35min, washing for 1 time with deionized water, filtering and separating filter residue, transferring the filter residue to an ultraviolet sterilizing lamp for sterilization for 13min, draining the sterilized filter residue, heating to 73 ℃, and drying to obtain the modified bamboo fiber.
Each part of the compatilizer is a mixture consisting of PLA-g-MAH, PBS-g-MAH and PBS-g-GMA according to the weight ratio of 0.5:0.7: 0.9; the PLA-g-MAH is preferably produced by Shanghai Yuyu New Material science and technology, the PBS-g-MAH is preferably produced by Suzhou Lu Tu material, and the PBS-g-GMA is preferably produced by Shengmei plastication science and technology, Inc. of Dongguan.
Each part of the inorganic filler is a mixture of talcum powder, calcium carbonate and barium sulfate according to the weight ratio of 0.9:0.5: 0.7.
Each part of the nucleating agent is a mixture of TMP-6, sodium succinate, sodium 4-methylvalerate and adipic acid according to the weight ratio of 0.2:0.7:0.5: 0.9.
Each part of the degradable additive comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
the degradable additive is prepared by the following steps: firstly, weighing crushed coffee grounds, adding the coffee grounds into a sodium hydroxide solution with the concentration of less than 0.1mol/L, soaking for 13min, adjusting the pH value of the system to 5.5, adding dodecacarbonyltriruthenium and polyhydroxybutyrate, sealing and heating for 1.5h at the temperature of 55 ℃, finally adding chitosan and a silane coupling agent, and continuously stirring for 38min at the same temperature to obtain the degradable additive.
Each part of the starch is a mixture of cassava starch, potato starch and barley starch according to the weight ratio of 0.5:0.7: 0.9.
Each part of the silane coupling agent is a silane coupling agent KH 570.
The preparation method of the degradable material comprises the following steps:
1) mixing and crushing inorganic filler, modified bamboo fiber, PBAT resin and starch according to parts by weight, and filtering the mixture by using a 97-mesh sieve to obtain a mixture A for later use;
2) adding a nucleating agent, a degradable additive and deacetylated chitin into polylactic acid according to the parts by weight, heating to 68 ℃, and stirring at a rotating speed of 475r/min for 13min to obtain a mixture B for later use;
3) adding the mixture A obtained in the step 1) into the mixture B obtained in the step 2), heating to 65 ℃, stirring at the rotating speed of 400r/min for 35min to obtain a mixture C, finally adding the mixture C from a main feeding port of an extruder, adding a compatilizer from a side feeding port of the extruder, and carrying out melt extrusion at the temperature of 160 ℃ to obtain the degradable material.
Example 3
A degradable material comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
the molecular weight of the polylactic acid is 200000; the deacetylated chitin is deacetylated chitin 9012-76-4 produced by Xian Ousai Biotechnology Co., Ltd; the PBAT resin is PBAT resin TH801T produced by engineering plastics Limited of Suzhou Xinfeiyang.
The modified bamboo fiber is prepared by the following steps:
s1, weighing 7g of bamboo fiber, crushing the bamboo fiber to a particle size of less than 100 meshes, adding 220mL of IO4 with the concentration of 0.1mol/L-1Adding 9mL of 0.1mol/L sodium hydroxide solution, heating to 60 deg.C, stirring for 30min, washing with deionized water for 2 times, vacuum filtering with deionized water, and mixing with deionized waterSpraying and freezing for 4min by using liquid nitrogen, and then adding the frozen bamboo fibers into a grinding device to grind for 31min to obtain bamboo fiber bundles for later use;
s2, weighing 0.8g of peach gum and 0.8g of phenylalanine, mixing, adding the mixture into the bamboo fiber bundle obtained in the step S1, heating to 90 ℃, continuously stirring for 40min, washing for 2 times by using deionized water, filtering and separating filter residues, transferring the filter residues to an ultraviolet sterilizing lamp for sterilization for 15min, draining the sterilized filter residues, heating to 75 ℃, and drying to obtain the modified bamboo fiber.
Each part of the compatilizer is a mixture consisting of PLA-g-MAH, PBS-g-MAH and PBS-g-GMA according to the weight ratio of 0.6:0.8: 1.0; the PLA-g-MAH is preferably produced by Shanghai Yuyu New Material science and technology, the PBS-g-MAH is preferably produced by Suzhou Lu Tu material, and the PBS-g-GMA is preferably produced by Shengmei plastication science and technology, Inc. of Dongguan.
Each part of the inorganic filler is a mixture of talcum powder, calcium carbonate and barium sulfate according to the weight ratio of 1.0:0.6: 0.8.
Each part of the nucleating agent is a mixture of TMP-6, sodium succinate, sodium 4-methylvalerate and adipic acid according to the weight ratio of 0.3:0.8:0.6: 1.0.
Each part of the degradable additive comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
the degradable additive is prepared by the following steps: firstly, weighing crushed coffee grounds, adding the coffee grounds into a sodium hydroxide solution with the concentration of less than 0.1mol/L, soaking for 15min, adjusting the pH value of a system to 6, adding dodecacarbonyl triruthenium and polyhydroxybutyrate, sealing and heating for 2h at the temperature of 60 ℃, finally adding chitosan and a silane coupling agent, and continuously stirring for 45min at the same temperature to obtain the degradable additive.
Each part of the silane coupling agent is a silane coupling agent KH 550.
Each part of the starch is a mixture of cassava starch, potato starch and barley starch according to the weight ratio of 0.6:0.8: 1.0.
The preparation method of the degradable material comprises the following steps:
1) mixing and crushing inorganic filler, modified bamboo fiber, PBAT resin and starch according to parts by weight, and filtering with a 105-mesh sieve to obtain a mixture A for later use;
2) adding a nucleating agent, a degradable additive and deacetylated chitin into polylactic acid according to the parts by weight, heating to 75 ℃, and stirring at a rotating speed of 500r/min for 15min to obtain a mixture B for later use;
3) adding the mixture A obtained in the step 1) into the mixture B obtained in the step 2), heating to 70 ℃, stirring at the rotating speed of 450r/min for 40min to obtain a mixture C, finally adding the mixture C from a main feeding port of an extruder, adding a compatilizer from a side feeding port of the extruder, and carrying out melt extrusion at the temperature of 170 ℃ to obtain the degradable material.
Example 4
A degradable material comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
the molecular weight of the polylactic acid is 230000; the deacetylated chitin is deacetylated chitin 9012-76-4 produced by Xian Ousai Biotechnology Co., Ltd; the PBAT resin is PBAT resin TH801T produced by engineering plastics Limited of Suzhou Xinfeiyang.
The modified bamboo fiber is prepared by the following steps:
s1, weighing 7.5g of bamboo fiber, crushing to a particle size of less than 100 meshes, adding 2 to the crushed bamboo fiber30mL of 0.1mol/L IO-containing 4-1Adding 9.5mL of 0.1mol/L sodium hydroxide solution into the solution, heating to 65 ℃, stirring for 35min, washing with deionized water for 3 times, carrying out suction filtration on the deionized water, spraying and freezing with liquid nitrogen for 5min, adding the frozen bamboo fibers into a grinding device, and grinding for 4min to obtain bamboo fiber bundles for later use;
s2, weighing 0.9g of peach gum and 0.9g of phenylalanine, mixing, adding the mixture into the bamboo fiber bundle obtained in the step S1, heating to 95 ℃, continuously stirring for 45min, washing for 3 times by using deionized water, filtering and separating filter residues, transferring the filter residues to an ultraviolet sterilizing lamp for sterilization for 18min, draining the sterilized filter residues, heating to 78 ℃, and drying to obtain the modified bamboo fiber.
Each part of the compatilizer is a mixture consisting of PLA-g-MAH, PBS-g-MAH and PBS-g-GMA according to the weight ratio of 0.7:0.9: 1.1; the PLA-g-MAH is preferably produced by Shanghai Yuyu New Material science and technology, the PBS-g-MAH is preferably produced by Suzhou Lu Tu material, and the PBS-g-GMA is preferably produced by Shengmei plastication science and technology, Inc. of Dongguan.
Each part of the inorganic filler is a mixture of talcum powder, calcium carbonate and barium sulfate according to the weight ratio of 1.1:0.7: 0.9.
Each part of the nucleating agent is a mixture of TMP-6, sodium succinate, sodium 4-methylvalerate and adipic acid according to the weight ratio of 0.4:0.9:0.7: 1.1.
Each part of the degradable additive comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
the degradable additive is prepared by the following steps: firstly, weighing crushed coffee grounds, adding the coffee grounds into a sodium hydroxide solution with the concentration of less than 0.1mol/L for soaking for 18min, then adjusting the pH value of a system to 6.5, adding dodecacarbonyl triruthenium and polyhydroxybutyrate, sealing and heating for 2.5h at the temperature of 65 ℃, finally adding chitosan and a silane coupling agent, and continuously stirring for 52min at the same temperature to obtain the degradable additive.
Each part of the starch is a mixture of cassava starch, potato starch and barley starch according to the weight ratio of 0.7:0.9: 1.1.
Each part of the silane coupling agent is a silane coupling agent KH 570.
The preparation method of the degradable material comprises the following steps:
1) mixing and crushing inorganic filler, modified bamboo fiber, PBAT resin and starch according to parts by weight, and filtering the mixture by using a 112-mesh sieve to obtain a mixture A for later use;
2) adding a nucleating agent, a degradable additive and deacetylated chitin into polylactic acid according to the parts by weight, heating to 82 ℃, and stirring at a rotating speed of 525r/min for 18min to obtain a mixture B for later use;
3) adding the mixture A obtained in the step 1) into the mixture B obtained in the step 2), heating to 75 ℃, stirring for 45min at the rotating speed of 500r/min to obtain a mixture C, finally adding the mixture C from a main feeding port of an extruder, adding a compatilizer from a side feeding port of the extruder, and carrying out melt extrusion at the temperature of 180 ℃ to obtain the degradable material.
Example 5
A degradable material comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
the molecular weight of the polylactic acid is 250000; the deacetylated chitin is deacetylated chitin 9012-76-4 produced by Xian Ousai Biotechnology Co., Ltd; the PBAT resin is PBAT resin TH801T produced by engineering plastics Limited of Suzhou Xinfeiyang.
The modified bamboo fiber is prepared by the following steps:
s1, weighing 8g of bamboo fiber, crushing the bamboo fiber to a particle size of less than 100 meshes, and crushing the bamboo fiberVitamin A was added to 240mL of 0.1mol/L IO-containing 4-1Adding 10mL of 0.1mol/L sodium hydroxide solution into the solution, heating to 70 ℃, stirring for 40min, washing with deionized water for 3 times, carrying out suction filtration on the deionized water, spraying and freezing with liquid nitrogen for 6min, adding the frozen bamboo fibers into a grinding device, and grinding for 5min to obtain bamboo fiber bundles for later use;
s2, weighing 1.0g of peach gum and 1.0g of phenylalanine, mixing, adding into the bamboo fiber bundle obtained in the step S1, heating to 100 ℃, continuously stirring for 50min, washing for 3 times with deionized water, filtering and separating filter residue, transferring the filter residue to an ultraviolet sterilizing lamp for sterilization for 20min, draining the sterilized filter residue, heating to 80 ℃, and drying to obtain the modified bamboo fiber.
Each part of the compatilizer is a mixture consisting of PLA-g-MAH, PBS-g-MAH and PBS-g-GMA according to the weight ratio of 0.8:1.0: 1.2; the PLA-g-MAH is preferably produced by Shanghai Yuyu New Material science and technology, the PBS-g-MAH is preferably produced by Suzhou Lu Tu material, and the PBS-g-GMA is preferably produced by Shengmei plastication science and technology, Inc. of Dongguan.
Each part of the inorganic filler is a mixture of talcum powder, calcium carbonate and barium sulfate according to the weight ratio of 0.8-1.2:0.4-0.8: 0.6-1.0.
Each part of the nucleating agent is a mixture of TMP-6, sodium succinate, sodium 4-methylvalerate and adipic acid according to the weight ratio of 0.5:1.0:0.8: 1.2.
Each part of the degradable additive comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
the degradable additive is prepared by the following steps: firstly, weighing crushed coffee grounds, adding the coffee grounds into a sodium hydroxide solution with the concentration of less than 0.1mol/L, soaking for 20min, adjusting the pH value of a system to 7, adding dodecacarbonyl triruthenium and polyhydroxybutyrate, sealing and heating for 3h at 70 ℃, finally adding chitosan and a silane coupling agent, and continuously stirring for 60min at the same temperature to obtain the degradable additive.
Each part of the starch is a mixture of cassava starch, potato starch and barley starch according to the weight ratio of 0.8:1.0: 1.2.
Each part of the silane coupling agent is a silane coupling agent KH 550.
The preparation method of the degradable material comprises the following steps:
1) mixing and crushing inorganic filler, modified bamboo fiber, PBAT resin and starch according to parts by weight, and filtering the mixture by using a 110-mesh sieve to obtain a mixture A for later use;
2) adding a nucleating agent, a degradable additive and deacetylated chitin into polylactic acid according to the parts by weight, heating to 90 ℃, and stirring at the rotating speed of 550r/min for 20min to obtain a mixture B for later use;
3) adding the mixture A obtained in the step 1) into the mixture B obtained in the step 2), heating to 80 ℃, stirring for 50min at the rotating speed of 550r/min to obtain a mixture C, finally adding the mixture C from a main feeding port of an extruder, adding a compatilizer from a side feeding port of the extruder, and carrying out melt extrusion at the temperature of 190 ℃ to obtain the degradable material.
Comparative example 1
This comparative example differs from example 1 above in that: in this comparative example, a PLLA resin was used in place of a PBAT resin, and the remainder of this comparative example was the same as example 1 and will not be described again here.
Comparative example 2
This comparative example differs from example 3 above in that: the comparative example does not modify bamboo fibers, and the rest of the comparative example is the same as example 3, and is not repeated herein.
Comparative example 3
This comparative example differs from example 5 above in that: in this comparative example, platinum ruthenium catalyst produced by new materials available from Hubei Deli Co., Ltd was used in place of dodecacarbonyltriruthenium in the preparation of the degradable additive, and the remaining raw materials were mixed in the ratio of example 5. The remainder of this comparative example is the same as example 5 and will not be described again here.
The degradable materials prepared in examples 1, 3 and 5 and comparative examples 1 to 3 were subjected to the performance test, and the test results are shown in the following table:
TABLE 1
TABLE 2
As can be seen from the comparison of example 1, example 3 and example 5, the preferred PBAT resin, modified bamboo fiber and degradable additive can improve the degradation performance of the degradable material in terms of mechanical properties.
As can be seen from the comparison between examples 1, 3 and 5 and comparative examples 1 to 3, the addition of PBAT resin has little influence on the degradation performance of the degradable material, but the mechanical property is remarkably improved, while the bamboo fiber and the degradable additive can further improve the degradation performance and the antibacterial performance of the material, so that the cost is reduced compared with tableware made of pure PBAT material, the degradable material is a preferred degradable material direction for human body and environment, and the degradable material has wide market prospect and application value.
The above-described embodiments are preferred implementations of the present invention, and the present invention may be implemented in other ways without departing from the spirit of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A degradable material, characterized by: the feed comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
2. the degradable material of claim 1 wherein: the modified bamboo fiber is prepared by the following steps:
s1, weighing 5-8g of bambooPulverizing the bamboo fiber into particles with a particle size of less than 100 meshes, adding 200mL of 0.1mol/L IO-containing 4-1Adding 8-10mL of 0.1mol/L sodium hydroxide solution into the solution, heating to 50-70 ℃, stirring for 20-40min, washing with deionized water for 1-3 times, carrying out suction filtration on the deionized water, spraying and freezing with liquid nitrogen for 3-6min, adding the frozen bamboo fibers into a grinding device, and grinding for 1-5min to obtain bamboo fiber bundles for later use;
s2, weighing 0.5-1.0g of peach gum and 0.5-1.0g of phenylalanine, mixing, adding into the bamboo fiber bundle obtained in the step S1, heating to 80-100 ℃, continuously stirring for 30-50min, washing for 1-3 times with deionized water, filtering and separating filter residue, transferring the filter residue to an ultraviolet sterilizing lamp for sterilization for 10-20min, drying the sterilized filter residue, heating to 70-80 ℃ and drying to obtain the modified bamboo fiber.
3. The degradable material of claim 1 wherein: each part of the compatilizer is at least one of PLA-g-MAH, PLA-g-GMA, PBS-g-MAH and PBS-g-GMA.
4. The degradable material of claim 1 wherein: each part of the nucleating agent is at least one of TMP-6, TMC-300, TMC-306, sodium succinate, sodium glutarate, sodium caproate, sodium 4-methylvalerate, adipic acid, dibenzylidene sorbitol, TMC-328 and TMC-210.
5. The degradable material of claim 1 wherein: each part of the inorganic filler is at least one of talcum powder, calcium carbonate and barium sulfate.
6. The degradable material of claim 1 wherein: each part of the degradable additive comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
7. the degradable material of claim 6 wherein: the degradable additive is prepared by the following steps: firstly, weighing crushed coffee grounds, adding the coffee grounds into a sodium hydroxide solution with the concentration of less than 0.1mol/L, soaking for 10-20min, then adjusting the pH value of the system to 5-7, adding dodecacarbonyltriruthenium and polyhydroxybutyrate, sealing and heating for 1-3h at the temperature of 50-70 ℃, finally adding chitosan and a silane coupling agent, and continuously stirring for 30-60min at the same temperature to obtain the degradable additive.
8. The degradable material of claim 1 wherein: each part of the starch is a mixture of cassava starch, potato starch and barley starch according to the weight ratio of 0.4-0.8:0.6-1.0: 0.8-1.2.
9. The degradable material of claim 1 wherein: each part of the silane coupling agent is a silane coupling agent KH550 or KH 570.
10. A method of preparing a degradable material according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
1) mixing and crushing inorganic filler, modified bamboo fiber, PBAT resin and starch according to parts by weight, and filtering the mixture by using a 90-110-mesh sieve to obtain a mixture A for later use;
2) adding the nucleating agent, the degradable additive and the deacetylated chitin into the polylactic acid according to the parts by weight, heating to 60-90 ℃, and stirring at the rotating speed of 450-550r/min for 10-20min to obtain a mixture B for later use;
3) adding the mixture A obtained in the step 1) into the mixture B obtained in the step 2), heating to 60-80 ℃, stirring at the rotating speed of 350-.
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