CN112724066B - Dihalogen impurity in ziprasidone hydrochloride intermediate and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Dihalogen impurity in ziprasidone hydrochloride intermediate and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN112724066B CN112724066B CN202110154442.1A CN202110154442A CN112724066B CN 112724066 B CN112724066 B CN 112724066B CN 202110154442 A CN202110154442 A CN 202110154442A CN 112724066 B CN112724066 B CN 112724066B
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- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 106
- 229960003474 ziprasidone hydrochloride Drugs 0.000 title claims abstract description 81
- ZCBZSCBNOOIHFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N ziprasidone hydrochloride hydrate Chemical compound [H+].O.[Cl-].C1=CC=C2C(N3CCN(CC3)CCC3=CC=4CC(=O)NC=4C=C3Cl)=NSC2=C1 ZCBZSCBNOOIHFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 81
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 238000006298 dechlorination reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 36
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 33
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 32
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 27
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 27
- 229960000607 ziprasidone Drugs 0.000 claims description 26
- MVWVFYHBGMAFLY-UHFFFAOYSA-N ziprasidone Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(N3CCN(CC3)CCC3=CC=4CC(=O)NC=4C=C3Cl)=NSC2=C1 MVWVFYHBGMAFLY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 26
- JYGFTBXVXVMTGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N indolin-2-one Chemical compound C1=CC=C2NC(=O)CC2=C1 JYGFTBXVXVMTGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
- -1 2-nitro-4-chloro-phenyl Chemical group 0.000 claims description 20
- IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylsulphoxide Chemical compound CS(C)=O IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000005863 Friedel-Crafts acylation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetonitrile Chemical compound CC#N WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000010534 nucleophilic substitution reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000005238 degreasing Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- FBCCMZVIWNDFMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N dichloroacetyl chloride Chemical compound ClC(Cl)C(Cl)=O FBCCMZVIWNDFMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- LQNUZADURLCDLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrobenzene Substances [O-][N+](=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 LQNUZADURLCDLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- BEPAFCGSDWSTEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl malonate Chemical compound COC(=O)CC(=O)OC BEPAFCGSDWSTEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- DIAWBHLTWNWYGR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-chloro-1-fluoro-2-nitrobenzene Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)C1=CC(Cl)=CC=C1F DIAWBHLTWNWYGR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- NWXKPAPWRGRCLL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-(2-bromoacetyl)-6-chloro-1,3-dihydroindol-2-one Chemical compound C1=C(C(=O)CBr)C(Cl)=CC2=C1CC(=O)N2 NWXKPAPWRGRCLL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- LWWVMDRRHHCTMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-chloro-5-(2-chloroacetyl)-1,3-dihydroindol-2-one Chemical compound C1=C(Cl)C(C(=O)CCl)=CC2=C1NC(=O)C2 LWWVMDRRHHCTMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Methylpyrrolidone Chemical compound CN1CCCC1=O SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000007363 ring formation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000002841 Lewis acid Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 150000007517 lewis acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 10
- PWKNBLFSJAVFAB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-fluoro-2-nitrobenzene Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)C1=CC=CC=C1F PWKNBLFSJAVFAB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- SCQYFFYVHXLAQV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2-dibromoacetyl bromide Chemical compound BrC(Br)C(Br)=O SCQYFFYVHXLAQV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 8
- WTEOIRVLGSZEPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N boron trifluoride Chemical compound FB(F)F WTEOIRVLGSZEPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- YDGNTNNTVUTSQE-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl 2-(2-nitrophenyl)propanedioate Chemical compound COC(=O)C(C(=O)OC)C1=CC=CC=C1[N+]([O-])=O YDGNTNNTVUTSQE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- KEAYESYHFKHZAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sodium Chemical compound [Na] KEAYESYHFKHZAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 229960000583 acetic acid Drugs 0.000 claims description 7
- VSCWAEJMTAWNJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Al](Cl)Cl VSCWAEJMTAWNJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000012362 glacial acetic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- SWMFAAPTSMVULA-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl 2-(2-nitrophenyl)acetate Chemical compound COC(=O)CC1=CC=CC=C1[N+]([O-])=O SWMFAAPTSMVULA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000012312 sodium hydride Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910000104 sodium hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- CTKPHIBQMJQHOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N (2-nitrophenyl)methyl acetate Chemical compound CC(=O)OCC1=CC=CC=C1[N+]([O-])=O CTKPHIBQMJQHOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- MBEPXGBWUVJZJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N (4-chloro-2-nitrophenyl)methyl acetate Chemical compound CC(=O)OCC1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1[N+]([O-])=O MBEPXGBWUVJZJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- CENVPIZOTHULGJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-chloro-1,3-dihydroindol-2-one Chemical compound ClC1=CC=C2CC(=O)NC2=C1 CENVPIZOTHULGJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- ULSHJXZZYYEIDP-UHFFFAOYSA-N ClC(Cl)C(=O)c1ccc2NC(=O)Cc2c1 Chemical compound ClC(Cl)C(=O)c1ccc2NC(=O)Cc2c1 ULSHJXZZYYEIDP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- WSLDOOZREJYCGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-Dichloroethane Chemical compound ClCCCl WSLDOOZREJYCGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- SPVCKEPWANDPQG-UHFFFAOYSA-N BrC(Br)C(=O)c1ccc2NC(=O)Cc2c1 Chemical compound BrC(Br)C(=O)c1ccc2NC(=O)Cc2c1 SPVCKEPWANDPQG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052794 bromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-Dioxane Chemical compound C1COCCO1 RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- ORPVVAKYSXQCJI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-bromo-2-nitrobenzene Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)C1=CC=CC=C1Br ORPVVAKYSXQCJI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- BFCFYVKQTRLZHA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-chloro-2-nitrobenzene Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)C1=CC=CC=C1Cl BFCFYVKQTRLZHA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910015900 BF3 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- VGCXGMAHQTYDJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chloroacetyl chloride Chemical compound ClCC(Cl)=O VGCXGMAHQTYDJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005727 Friedel-Crafts reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000002915 carbonyl group Chemical group [*:2]C([*:1])=O 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000027 potassium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- LPNYRYFBWFDTMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium tert-butoxide Chemical compound [K+].CC(C)(C)[O-] LPNYRYFBWFDTMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- LSTRKXWIZZZYAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-bromoacetyl bromide Chemical compound BrCC(Br)=O LSTRKXWIZZZYAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000005999 2-bromoethyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000001340 2-chloroethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])(Cl)C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 3
- DOQLJTKEUIJSKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-piperazin-1-yl-1,2-benzothiazole;hydrochloride Chemical compound Cl.C1CNCCN1C1=NSC2=CC=CC=C12 DOQLJTKEUIJSKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910021576 Iron(III) bromide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- FEONEKOZSGPOFN-UHFFFAOYSA-K tribromoiron Chemical compound Br[Fe](Br)Br FEONEKOZSGPOFN-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 abstract description 14
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 13
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 abstract description 12
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 abstract description 12
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 abstract description 10
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 10
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000001308 synthesis method Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000004451 qualitative analysis Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000004445 quantitative analysis Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000003908 quality control method Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000012827 research and development Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000000543 intermediate Substances 0.000 description 46
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 14
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000005457 ice water Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 7
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 6
- 238000004440 column chromatography Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000012043 crude product Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229940126214 compound 3 Drugs 0.000 description 5
- 229940125898 compound 5 Drugs 0.000 description 5
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000012074 organic phase Substances 0.000 description 5
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- DTQVDTLACAAQTR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trifluoroacetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(F)(F)F DTQVDTLACAAQTR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229940125782 compound 2 Drugs 0.000 description 4
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000001819 mass spectrum Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 4
- WLQZEFFFIUHSJB-UHFFFAOYSA-N ziprasidone mesylate trihydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.CS(O)(=O)=O.C1=CC=C2C(N3CCN(CC3)CCC3=CC=4CC(=O)NC=4C=C3Cl)=NSC2=C1 WLQZEFFFIUHSJB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 208000020925 Bipolar disease Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 238000005481 NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 3
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 229940127236 atypical antipsychotics Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000003963 dichloro group Chemical group Cl* 0.000 description 3
- 239000003480 eluent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000012065 filter cake Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010255 intramuscular injection Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007927 intramuscular injection Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000655 nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 description 3
- HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;chloride;hydrate Chemical class O.[Na+].[Cl-] HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 3
- WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bromine atom Chemical compound [Br] WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium bicarbonate Chemical class [Na+].OC([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 230000001154 acute effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 2
- GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromine Substances BrBr GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
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- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 2
- 208000024891 symptom Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 230000002194 synthesizing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- QCQCHGYLTSGIGX-GHXANHINSA-N 4-[[(3ar,5ar,5br,7ar,9s,11ar,11br,13as)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-3a-[(5-methylpyridine-3-carbonyl)amino]-2-oxo-1-propan-2-yl-4,5,6,7,7a,9,10,11,11b,12,13,13a-dodecahydro-3h-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl]oxy]-2,2-dimethyl-4-oxobutanoic acid Chemical compound N([C@@]12CC[C@@]3(C)[C@]4(C)CC[C@H]5C(C)(C)[C@@H](OC(=O)CC(C)(C)C(O)=O)CC[C@]5(C)[C@H]4CC[C@@H]3C1=C(C(C2)=O)C(C)C)C(=O)C1=CN=CC(C)=C1 QCQCHGYLTSGIGX-GHXANHINSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 208000020401 Depressive disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- KRDOFMHJLWKXIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N ID11614 Chemical compound C1CNCCN1C1=NSC2=CC=CC=C12 KRDOFMHJLWKXIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AFVFQIVMOAPDHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanesulfonic acid Chemical compound CS(O)(=O)=O AFVFQIVMOAPDHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000003339 Nyssa sylvatica Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000018764 Nyssa sylvatica Species 0.000 description 1
- 208000001431 Psychomotor Agitation Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010037211 Psychomotor hyperactivity Diseases 0.000 description 1
- GPWHDDKQSYOYBF-UHFFFAOYSA-N ac1l2u0q Chemical compound Br[Br-]Br GPWHDDKQSYOYBF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000218 acetic acid group Chemical group C(C)(=O)* 0.000 description 1
- 239000008346 aqueous phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003556 assay Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003693 atypical antipsychotic agent Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 208000025307 bipolar depression Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000002775 capsule Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007810 chemical reaction solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
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- UKVIEHSSVKSQBA-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane;palladium Chemical compound C.[Pd] UKVIEHSSVKSQBA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- AICOOMRHRUFYCM-ZRRPKQBOSA-N oxazine, 1 Chemical compound C([C@@H]1[C@H](C(C[C@]2(C)[C@@H]([C@H](C)N(C)C)[C@H](O)C[C@]21C)=O)CC1=CC2)C[C@H]1[C@@]1(C)[C@H]2N=C(C(C)C)OC1 AICOOMRHRUFYCM-ZRRPKQBOSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 229960004487 ziprasidone mesylate Drugs 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D209/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings, condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom
- C07D209/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings, condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom condensed with one carbocyclic ring
- C07D209/04—Indoles; Hydrogenated indoles
- C07D209/30—Indoles; Hydrogenated indoles with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, directly attached to carbon atoms of the hetero ring
- C07D209/32—Oxygen atoms
- C07D209/34—Oxygen atoms in position 2
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Indole Compounds (AREA)
- Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a dihalogen impurity in a ziprasidone hydrochloride intermediate, which has a structure shown in a formula 1. The invention is based on that ziprasidone hydrochloride intermediate can bring dechlorination impurities or the preparation process comprises a dechlorination step, and the ziprasidone hydrochloride intermediate is obtainedDechlorinated impurities with specific structures and provides corresponding impurity preparation steps, thereby providing corresponding technical support for the preparation of ziprasidone hydrochloride. The synthesis method provided by the invention has the advantages of simple process, strong controllability and mild conditions, can be used for the links of quality standard establishment and quality control such as ziprasidone hydrochloride process research and development, production and the like, and provides technical support for the safety of ziprasidone hydrochloride medication. The invention can be used for quality research such as qualitative and quantitative analysis of impurities in ziprasidone hydrochloride synthesis, thereby being beneficial to improving the quality of ziprasidone hydrochloride and providing important guiding significance for reducing the medication risk of ziprasidone hydrochloride.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of ziprasidone hydrochloride impurity research, in particular to a dihalogen impurity in a ziprasidone hydrochloride intermediate and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Ziprasidone (Ziprasidone), marketed under the brand name Geodon et al, is an atypical antipsychotic (AAP; SGAs) used to treat schizophrenia and acute manic and depressive disorders associated with bipolar disorder. The intramuscular form of its immediate release drug property is approved for acute psychomotor agitation in schizophrenic patients. Ziprasidone can also be used as a therapeutic agent for treating emotional depression symptoms and bipolar depression, and for treating posttraumatic stress syndrome (PTSD) and other symptoms in a way similar to single sign.
Oral administration of ziprasidone is in the form of the hydrochloride salt, ziprasidone hydrochloride, and the like. On the other hand, intramuscular Injection (IM) administration is in the form of mesylate, ziprasidone mesylate trihydrate (ziprasidone mesylate trihydrate), and the like, and is provided in the form of a lyophilized powder. Is developed and synthesized by fevered in 1987, and the oral administration form and the intramuscular injection form of the medicine are marketed in Sweden in 1998 and 9 months in 2000, respectively. Ziprasidone hydrochloride capsules from this company were approved for sale in the united states on day 2/25 of 2001; ziprasidone mesylate injection was approved for sale in the united states on day 21/6 2002, and thereafter in over 89 countries, in sweden, new zealand, etc., in succession.
The first patents reporting preparation of ziprasidone hydrochloride are US4831031, related patents are US5312925, EP0568619; US5206366; US5388846; US4831031; CN101437817; the synthetic route reported in original research congener patent CN1635892A uses 6-chloroindole-2-ketone as starting material, introduces chlorine (or bromine) acetyl through Friedel-crafts reaction, then reduces carbonyl to obtain 5- (2-chlorine (or bromine) ethyl) -6-chlorine-1,3-dihydro-indole-2-ketone, and then reacts with 1,2-benzisothiazole-3-piperazinyl in the presence of alkali to obtain ziprasidone. The synthetic route of the ziprasidone original patent literature is as follows:
by combining the above synthetic routes, it is easy to find that: 6-chloro-1,3-indolin-2-one is used as an essential starting material. The main flow route for synthesizing 6-chloro-1,3-indoline-2-ketone is as follows:
however, in the actual reaction process, impurities may be generated in the raw materials, intermediates and preparation process, and are finally introduced into the ziprasidone product. Therefore, the standard research of impurities in the drug development process is an important link, and the control strategy of the impurities mainly comprises two aspects: mainly in the chemical synthesis process of the ziprasidone, the limit of the impurities is removed or controlled by methods such as extraction, recrystallization and the like; secondly, the quality of the starting material for synthesizing the ziprasidone is fully limited and controlled within a safe and reasonable limit range.
Therefore, the method has important significance for the research of the impurities in the ziprasidone hydrochloride, can be used for quality research such as qualitative and quantitative analysis of the impurities in the synthesis of the ziprasidone hydrochloride, is beneficial to improving the quality of the ziprasidone hydrochloride, and provides important guiding significance for reducing the medication risk of the ziprasidone hydrochloride.
Therefore, how to find impurities in raw materials or intermediates in the preparation process of ziprasidone, prepare the ziprasidone and analyze the ziprasidone qualitatively and qualitatively is one of the focuses of great attention of a plurality of researchers in the industry.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a dihalogen impurity in ziprasidone hydrochloride intermediate and a preparation method thereof. According to the invention, based on the fact that ziprasidone hydrochloride intermediate can bring in dechlorination impurities or a dechlorination step is included in the preparation process, dechlorination impurities with specific structures are obtained, and the preparation steps of corresponding impurities are provided, so that corresponding technical support is provided for the preparation of ziprasidone hydrochloride.
The invention provides a dihalogen impurity in a ziprasidone hydrochloride intermediate, which has a structure shown in a formula 1,
wherein, X is Cl or Br.
Preferably, the ziprasidone hydrochloride intermediate comprises 5- (2-chloroacetyl) -6-chloro-1,3-dihydro-indol-2-one and/or 5- (2-bromoacetyl) -6-chloro-1,3-dihydro-indol-2-one;
the ziprasidone hydrochloride intermediate is prepared from 4-chloro-1-fluoro-2-nitrobenzene;
the 4-chloro-1-fluoro-2-nitrobenzene contains dechlorinated impurities and/or the production process includes a dechlorination step to produce dechlorinated impurities.
Preferably, the dechlorinated impurities comprise 1-fluoro-2-nitrobenzene;
the preparation method of the ziprasidone hydrochloride intermediate comprises the following specific steps: a) Carrying out nucleophilic substitution reaction on 4-chloro-1-fluoro-2-nitrobenzene and dimethyl malonate to obtain 2- (2-nitro-4-chloro-phenyl) -dimethyl malonate, and carrying out degreasing reaction to obtain (2-nitro-4-chloro-phenyl) -methyl acetate;
b) Reducing and ring-closing the (2-nitro-4-chloro-phenyl) -methyl acetate obtained in the step and a reducing agent to obtain 6-chloro-1,3-dihydro-indol-2-one;
c) The 6-chloro-1,3-dihydro-indol-2-one obtained in the above step and dichloroacetyl chloride or dibromoacetyl bromide are subjected to Friedel-crafts acylation reaction to obtain 5- (2-chloroacetyl) -6-chloro-1,3-dihydro-indol-2-one or 5- (2-bromoacetyl) -6-chloro-1,3-dihydro-indol-2-one.
Preferably, the dihalogen impurity having the structure shown in formula 1 is present in 5- (2-chloroacetyl) -6-chloro-1,3-dihydro-indol-2-one or 5- (2-bromoacetyl) -6-chloro-1,3-dihydro-indol-2-one;
the dihalogen impurity with the structure shown in the formula 1 is introduced into ziprasidone from 5- (2-chloroacetyl) -6-chloro-1,3-dihydro-indol-2-one or 5- (2-bromoacetyl) -6-chloro-1,3-dihydro-indol-2-one;
the dihalogen impurity with the structure shown in the formula 1 is 5- (2,2-dichloro-acetyl) -1,3-dihydro-indol-2-one or 5- (2,2-dibromo-acetyl) -1,3-dihydro-indol-2-one.
Preferably, the ziprasidone is prepared by the following steps:
taking 6-chloroindole-2-ketone as an initial raw material, introducing chloroacetyl chloride or bromoacetyl bromide through Friedel-crafts reaction to obtain 5- (2-chloroacetyl) -6-chloro-1,3-dihydro-indole-2-ketone or 5- (2-bromoacetyl) -6-chloro-1,3-dihydro-indole-2-ketone, reducing carbonyl to obtain 5- (2-chloroethyl) -6-chloro-1,3-dihydro-indole-2-ketone or 5- (2-bromoethyl) -6-chloro-1,3-dihydro-indole-2-ketone, and then reacting with 3-piperazinyl-1,2-benzisothiazole hydrochloride in the presence of alkali to obtain ziprasidone.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the dihalogen impurity in the ziprasidone hydrochloride intermediate, which comprises the following steps:
1) Mixing alkali and a first solvent, adding dimethyl malonate in a protective atmosphere, adding 1-halogen-2-nitrobenzene, and performing nucleophilic substitution reaction to obtain 2- (2-nitro-phenyl) -dimethyl malonate;
2) Carrying out degreasing reaction on the 2- (2-nitro-phenyl) -malonic acid dimethyl ester obtained in the step and a second solvent to obtain (2-nitro-phenyl) -acetic acid methyl ester;
3) Reducing the (2-nitro-phenyl) -methyl acetate obtained in the step, a reducing agent and a third solvent to perform ring closure reaction to obtain 1,3-dihydro-indol-2-one;
4) Mixing Lewis acid and a fourth solvent, adding dichloroacetyl chloride or dibromoacetyl bromide in a protective atmosphere, and then adding 1,3-dihydro-indol-2-one obtained in the step to perform Friedel-crafts acylation reaction to obtain a dihalogen impurity.
Preferably, the 1-halo-2-nitrobenzene comprises one or more of 1-fluoro-2-nitrobenzene, 1-bromo-2-nitrobenzene, and 1-chloro-2-nitrobenzene;
the base comprises one or more of sodium hydride, potassium carbonate, potassium tert-butoxide and sodium carbonate;
the first solvent comprises one or more of water, dimethyl sulfoxide, N-methyl pyrrolidone, N-dimethylformamide, tetrahydrofuran and 1,4-dioxane;
the molar ratio of the 1-halogen-2-nitrobenzene to the dimethyl malonate is 1.0 (0.9-1.2);
the molar ratio of the 1-halogen-2-nitrobenzene to the alkali is 1.0 (1.0-2.0);
the time of the nucleophilic substitution reaction is 12 to 24 hours;
the temperature of the nucleophilic substitution reaction is 15-85 ℃.
Preferably, the second solvent comprises one or more of water, dimethyl sulfoxide, N-methylpyrrolidone, N-dimethylformamide and acetone;
the volume ratio of the 2- (2-nitro-phenyl) -malonic acid dimethyl ester to the second solvent is 1: (10 to 30);
the temperature of the degreasing reaction is 100-200 ℃;
the time of the degreasing reaction is 6-12 h.
Preferably, the reducing agent comprises one or more of iron powder, zinc powder and palladium carbon;
the third solvent comprises one or more of glacial acetic acid, methanol, ethanol, water and ethyl acetate;
the molar ratio of the (2-nitro-phenyl) -methyl acetate to the reducing agent is 1.0 (1.5-3.0);
the temperature of the reduction ring-closing reaction is 20-120 ℃;
the time of the reduction ring-closing reaction is 16-48 h.
Preferably, the lewis acid comprises one or more of aluminum trichloride, ferric tribromide and boron trifluoride;
the fourth solvent comprises one or more of dichloromethane, 1,2-dichloroethane, toluene, and acetonitrile;
the molar ratio of 1,3-dihydro-indole-2-ketone to dichloroacetyl chloride is 1.0 (1.0-2.0);
the molar ratio of 1,3-dihydro-indol-2-one to Lewis acid is 1.0 (2.5-4.0);
the temperature of the Friedel-crafts acylation reaction is 10-60 ℃;
the time of the Friedel-crafts acylation reaction is 16-48 h.
The invention provides a dihalogen impurity in a ziprasidone hydrochloride intermediate, which has a structure shown in a formula 1. Compared with the prior art, the invention is researched and tested from the mechanism direction, and the 4-chloro-1-fluoro-2-nitrobenzene is considered to contain dechlorination impurities or become transfer impurities when dechlorination is carried out in any step in the intermediate step and the impurities are not removed by refining according to the analysis of the reaction mechanism, as shown in the following route:
according to the invention, based on the fact that ziprasidone hydrochloride intermediate can bring in dechlorination impurities or a dechlorination step is included in the preparation process, dechlorination impurities with specific structures are obtained, and the preparation steps of corresponding impurities are provided, so that corresponding technical support is provided for the preparation of ziprasidone hydrochloride. Furthermore, the invention researches the impurity, the impurity is a process impurity derived from an intermediate 6-chloro-1,3-dihydro-indol-2-one in the ziprasidone hydrochloride synthesis process, specifically can be 5- (2,2-dichloro-acetyl) -1,3-dihydro-indol-2-one or 5- (2,2-dibromo-acetyl) -1,3-dihydro-indol-2-one, and the synthesis steps comprise Friedel-crafts acylation, condensation and the like. The invention also provides a synthesis method of the dechlorinated impurity, which is a preparation method for obtaining high-purity ziprasidone hydrochloride intermediate impurities, and the method is simple, strong in controllability and mild in condition, can be used for quality standard establishment and quality control links such as ziprasidone hydrochloride process research and development, production and the like, and provides technical support for the safety of ziprasidone hydrochloride medication. The invention has important significance for the research and preparation of the ziprasidone hydrochloride intermediate impurity, and can be used for quality research such as qualitative and quantitative analysis of the impurity in the synthesis of ziprasidone hydrochloride, thereby being beneficial to improving the quality of ziprasidone hydrochloride and providing important guiding significance for reducing the medication risk of ziprasidone hydrochloride.
The ziprasidone hydrochloride intermediate impurity is prepared on the basis of a ziprasidone hydrochloride synthesis route, so that the basis is provided for effectively controlling and tamping the quality of a ziprasidone hydrochloride raw material drug, and the problems that although the synthesis route of ziprasidone hydrochloride is more reported on the market at present, no corresponding research limitation exists on the impurity and the synthesis method thereof are effectively solved.
Experimental results show that the impurity yield of the ziprasidone intermediate prepared by the method reaches 87.3%, the purity of the ziprasidone intermediate reaches 97.924%, and the sample yield and the purity of the ziprasidone intermediate are high.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a liquid phase spectrum of ziprasidone hydrochloride intermediate impurities prepared in example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a NMR spectrum of ziprasidone hydrochloride intermediate impurity prepared in example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a carbon nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum of an intermediate impurity of ziprasidone hydrochloride prepared in example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a mass spectrum of ziprasidone hydrochloride intermediate impurities prepared in example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a NMR spectrum of Compound 4 prepared in example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a NMR carbon spectrum of Compound 4 prepared in example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a mass spectrum of Compound 4 prepared in example 1 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
For a further understanding of the invention, reference will now be made to the preferred embodiments of the invention by way of example, and it is to be understood that the description is intended to further illustrate features and advantages of the invention, and not to limit the scope of the claims. Those skilled in the art can modify the process parameters appropriately in view of the disclosure herein. It is expressly intended that all such similar substitutes and modifications which would be obvious to one skilled in the art are deemed to be included in the invention. While the methods and applications of this invention have been described in terms of preferred embodiments, it will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art that variations and modifications in the methods and applications described herein, as well as other suitable variations and combinations, may be made to implement and use the techniques of this invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
All of the starting materials of the present invention, without particular limitation as to their source, may be purchased commercially or prepared according to conventional methods well known to those skilled in the art.
All the raw materials of the invention are not particularly limited in purity, and the invention preferably adopts analytically pure materials or meets the purity standard related to the field of ziprasidone hydrochloride preparation.
All the raw materials, sources and abbreviations thereof, of the present invention belong to conventional sources and abbreviations in the art, and are clearly and clearly defined in the field of related uses, and those skilled in the art can obtain the raw materials commercially available or prepared by conventional methods according to the abbreviations and the corresponding uses.
In particular, a large number of novel structures or substituent groups are involved in the present invention, and thus, for the naming of the above structures and groups, the present invention is named according to the well-known naming principle in the art, and those skilled in the art can clearly and definitely know the intended meaning of the present invention based on the general knowledge in the art. In the present invention, reference may be made to the reaction mechanism, the reaction route and the specific structural formula, because the names of the partial structure and the substituent group may not be unique due to the difference of the naming principle.
The invention provides a dihalogen impurity in a ziprasidone hydrochloride intermediate, which has a structure shown in a formula 1,
wherein, X is Cl or Br.
In the present invention, the chemical name of the dihalo impurity having the structure represented by formula 1 is preferably 5- (2,2-dichloro-acetyl) -1,3-dihydro-indol-2-one or 5- (2,2-dibromo-acetyl) -1,3-dihydro-indol-2-one.
In the present invention, the ziprasidone hydrochloride starting material preferably comprises 3-piperazinyl-1,2-benzisothiazole.
In the present invention, the ziprasidone hydrochloride intermediate preferably comprises 5- (2-chloroacetyl) -6-chloro-1,3-dihydro-indol-2-one and/or 5- (2-bromoacetyl) -6-chloro-1,3-dihydro-indol-2-one, more preferably 5- (2-chloroacetyl) -6-chloro-1,3-dihydro-indol-2-one or 5- (2-bromoacetyl) -6-chloro-1,3-dihydro-indol-2-one.
In the invention, the ziprasidone hydrochloride intermediate is preferably prepared from 4-chloro-1-fluoro-2-nitrobenzene.
In the present invention, the 4-chloro-1-fluoro-2-nitrobenzene contains dechlorinated impurities and/or the production process preferably includes a dechlorination step to produce dechlorinated impurities.
In the present invention, the dechlorinated impurity preferably comprises 1-fluoro-2-nitrobenzene.
In the invention, the preparation of the ziprasidone hydrochloride intermediate preferably comprises the following steps:
a) Carrying out nucleophilic substitution reaction on 4-chloro-1-fluoro-2-nitrobenzene and dimethyl malonate to obtain 2- (2-nitro-4-chloro-phenyl) -dimethyl malonate, and carrying out degreasing reaction to obtain (2-nitro-4-chloro-phenyl) -methyl acetate;
b) Reducing and ring-closing the (2-nitro-4-chloro-phenyl) -methyl acetate obtained in the step and a reducing agent to obtain 6-chloro-1,3-dihydro-indol-2-one;
c) The 6-chlorine-1,3-dihydro-indole-2-ketone obtained in the above steps and dichloroacetyl chloride or dibromoacetyl bromide are subjected to Friedel-crafts acylation reaction to obtain 5- (2-chloroacetyl) -6-chlorine-1,3-dihydro-indole-2-ketone or 5- (2-bromoacetyl) -6-chlorine-1,3-dihydro-indole-2-ketone.
In the present invention, the dihalogen impurity having the structure represented by formula 1 is preferably present in 5- (2-chloroacetyl) -6-chloro-1,3-dihydro-indol-2-one or 5- (2-bromoacetyl) -6-chloro-1,3-dihydro-indol-2-one.
In the present invention, the dihalogen impurity having the structure represented by formula 1 is preferably introduced into ziprasidone from 5- (2-chloroacetyl) -6-chloro-1,3-dihydro-indol-2-one or 5- (2-bromoacetyl) -6-chloro-1,3-dihydro-indol-2-one.
In the present invention, the ziprasidone is preferably prepared by the following steps:
taking 6-chloroindole-2-ketone as an initial raw material, introducing chloroacetyl chloride or bromoacetyl bromide through Friedel-crafts reaction to obtain 5- (2-chloroacetyl) -6-chloro-1,3-dihydro-indole-2-ketone or 5- (2-bromoacetyl) -6-chloro-1,3-dihydro-indole-2-ketone, reducing carbonyl to obtain 5- (2-chloroethyl) -6-chloro-1,3-dihydro-indole-2-ketone or 5- (2-bromoethyl) -6-chloro-1,3-dihydro-indole-2-ketone, and then reacting with 3-piperazinyl-1,2-benzisothiazole hydrochloride in the presence of alkali to obtain ziprasidone.
The invention provides a preparation method of dihalogen impurities in a ziprasidone hydrochloride intermediate, which preferably comprises the following steps:
1) Mixing alkali and a first solvent, adding dimethyl malonate in a protective atmosphere, adding 1-halogen-2-nitrobenzene, and performing nucleophilic substitution reaction to obtain 2- (2-nitro-phenyl) -dimethyl malonate;
2) Carrying out degreasing reaction on the 2- (2-nitro-phenyl) -malonic acid dimethyl ester obtained in the step and a second solvent to obtain (2-nitro-phenyl) -acetic acid methyl ester;
3) Reducing the (2-nitro-phenyl) -methyl acetate obtained in the step, a reducing agent and a third solvent to perform ring closure reaction to obtain 1,3-dihydro-indol-2-one;
4) Mixing Lewis acid and a fourth solvent, adding dichloroacetyl chloride or dibromoacetyl bromide in a protective atmosphere, and then adding 1,3-dihydro-indol-2-one obtained in the step to perform Friedel-crafts acylation reaction to obtain a dihalogen impurity.
The method comprises the steps of mixing alkali and a first solvent, adding dimethyl malonate in a protective atmosphere, adding 1-halogen-2-nitrobenzene, and carrying out nucleophilic substitution reaction to obtain the 2- (2-nitro-phenyl) -dimethyl malonate.
In the present invention, the 1-halo-2-nitrobenzene preferably comprises one or more of 1-fluoro-2-nitrobenzene, 1-bromo-2-nitrobenzene and 1-chloro-2-nitrobenzene, more preferably 1-fluoro-2-nitrobenzene, 1-bromo-2-nitrobenzene or 1-chloro-2-nitrobenzene, most preferably 1-fluoro-2-nitrobenzene.
In the present invention, the base preferably comprises one or more of sodium hydride, potassium carbonate, potassium tert-butoxide and sodium carbonate, more preferably sodium hydride, potassium carbonate, potassium tert-butoxide or sodium carbonate, and most preferably sodium hydride.
In the present invention, the first solvent preferably comprises one or more of water, dimethylsulfoxide, N-methylpyrrolidone, N-dimethylformamide, tetrahydrofuran and 1,4-dioxane, more preferably water, dimethylsulfoxide, N-methylpyrrolidone, N-dimethylformamide, tetrahydrofuran or 1,4-dioxane, and most preferably tetrahydrofuran.
In the present invention, the molar ratio of the 1-halo-2-nitrobenzene to dimethyl malonate is preferably 1.0 (0.9 to 1.2), more preferably 1.0 (0.93 to 1.17), more preferably 1.0 (0.96 to 1.14), and more preferably 1.0 (0.99 to 1.11).
In the present invention, the molar ratio of the 1-halo-2-nitrobenzene to the base is preferably 1.0 (1.0 to 2.0), more preferably 1.0 (1.2 to 1.8), more preferably 1.0 (1.4 to 1.6), and specifically may be 1:1.
in the present invention, the time for the nucleophilic substitution reaction is preferably 12 to 24 hours, more preferably 15 to 22 hours, and still more preferably 18 to 29 hours.
In the present invention, the temperature of the nucleophilic substitution reaction is preferably 15 to 85 ℃, more preferably 35 to 80 ℃, more preferably 55 to 75 ℃, and particularly 60 to 70 ℃.
According to the invention, the 2- (2-nitro-phenyl) -malonic acid dimethyl ester obtained in the step and a second solvent are subjected to degreasing reaction to obtain (2-nitro-phenyl) -acetic acid methyl ester.
In the present invention, the second solvent preferably includes one or more of water, dimethyl sulfoxide, N-methylpyrrolidone, N-dimethylformamide, and acetone, more preferably water, dimethyl sulfoxide, N-methylpyrrolidone, N-dimethylformamide, or acetone, and most preferably water and N-methylpyrrolidone.
In the present invention, the volume ratio of the 2- (2-nitro-phenyl) -malonic acid dimethyl ester to the second solvent is preferably 1: (10 to 30), more preferably 1: (14 to 26), more preferably 1: (18 to 22), specifically, the ratio of 1:10.
in the present invention, the temperature of the degreasing reaction is preferably 100 to 200 ℃, more preferably 130 to 198 ℃, more preferably 160 to 195 ℃, and particularly may be 180 to 190 ℃.
In the present invention, the time for the degreasing reaction is preferably 6 to 12 hours, more preferably 7 to 11 hours, and still more preferably 8 to 10 hours.
According to the invention, the (2-nitro-phenyl) -methyl acetate obtained in the above step, a reducing agent and a third solvent are subjected to reduction ring closure reaction to obtain 1,3-dihydro-indol-2-one.
In the present invention, the reducing agent preferably comprises one or more of iron powder, zinc powder and palladium on carbon, more preferably iron powder, zinc powder or palladium on carbon, and most preferably iron powder.
In the present invention, the third solvent preferably comprises one or more of glacial acetic acid, methanol, ethanol, water and ethyl acetate, more preferably glacial acetic acid, methanol, ethanol, water or ethyl acetate, and most preferably glacial acetic acid.
In the present invention, the molar ratio of the (2-nitro-phenyl) -acetic acid methyl ester to the reducing agent is preferably 1: (1.5 to 3.0), more preferably 1: (1.8 to 2.7), more preferably 1: (2.0 to 2.5), and specifically, may be 1.0:2.5.
In the present invention, the temperature of the reduction and ring closure reaction is preferably 20 to 120 ℃, more preferably 50 to 118 ℃, more preferably 80 to 115 ℃, and particularly may be 100 to 110 ℃.
In the present invention, the time for the reduction and ring closure reaction is preferably 16 to 48 hours, more preferably 21 to 43 hours, more preferably 26 to 38 hours, and more preferably 31 to 33 hours.
Finally, mixing Lewis acid and a fourth solvent, adding dichloroacetyl chloride or dibromoacetyl bromide in a protective atmosphere, and then adding the 1,3-dihydro-indol-2-ketone obtained in the step for Friedel-crafts acylation reaction to obtain a dihalogen impurity.
In particular, in the invention, dichloroacetyl chloride or dibromoacetyl bromide is particularly adopted in the steps of the invention, so as to be more beneficial to the generation of dihalogen impurities and improve the yield and purity of dihalogen impurities.
In the present invention, the lewis acid preferably includes one or more of aluminum trichloride, iron tribromide and boron trifluoride, and more preferably, aluminum trichloride, iron tribromide or boron trifluoride.
In the present invention, the fourth solvent preferably comprises one or more of dichloromethane, 1,2-dichloroethane, toluene and acetonitrile, more preferably dichloromethane, 1,2-dichloroethane, toluene or acetonitrile.
In the present invention, the molar ratio of 1,3-dihydro-indol-2-one to dichloroacetyl chloride is preferably 1.0 (1.0 to 2.0), more preferably 1.0 (1.2 to 1.8), more preferably 1.0 (1.4 to 1.6), and specifically may be 1.0:1.6.
in the present invention, the molar ratio of 1,3-dihydro-indol-2-one to lewis acid is preferably 1.0 (2.5 to 4.0), more preferably 1.0 (2.8 to 3.7), and still more preferably 1.0 (3.1 to 3.4).
In the present invention, the temperature of the friedel-crafts acylation reaction is preferably 10 to 60 ℃, more preferably 13 to 50 ℃, more preferably 15 to 40 ℃, and particularly may be 20 to 30 ℃.
In the present invention, the time of the friedel-crafts acylation reaction is preferably 16 to 48h, more preferably 21 to 43h, more preferably 26 to 38h, more preferably 31 to 33h.
The invention is an integral and refined integral technical scheme, better ensures the preparation of the dihalogen impurity 5- (2,2-dichloro-acetyl) -1,3-dihydro-indole-2-ketone or 5- (2,2-dibromo-acetyl) -1,3-dihydro-indole-2-ketone, and improves the yield and the purity thereof, and the preparation method of the dihalogen impurity can specifically comprise the following steps:
the specific preparation route is shown as the following formula:
wherein, the compound 2 in the formula 2 is 1-fluoro-2-nitrobenzene;
formula 3 (compound 3) is 2- (2-nitro-phenyl) -malonic acid dimethyl ester;
formula 4 (compound 4) is (2-nitro-phenyl) -acetic acid methyl ester;
formula 5 (compound 5) is 1,3-dihydro-indol-2-one;
formula 1 (compound 1) is 5- (2,2-dichloro-acetyl) -1,3-dihydro-indol-2-one.
The method comprises the following specific steps:
step 1: and (3) performing nucleophilic substitution reaction, namely adding tetrahydrofuran into a reaction bottle, cooling to 0 ℃ in an ice water bath, adding sodium hydride in batches, and controlling the temperature to be below 10 ℃. Under the protection of nitrogen, beginning to drop dimethyl malonate, and controlling the temperature below 15 ℃. After the dropwise addition, the mixture is stirred for half an hour at 0 to 5 ℃ and then the compound 2 is added. The mixture was stirred at reflux for 16 hours. Pouring the reaction solution into crushed ice, extracting with dichloromethane, washing with saline water, drying with anhydrous sodium sulfate, filtering, spin-drying, and purifying the crude product by column chromatography to obtain a compound 3;
and 2, step: high-temperature deesterification, and sequentially adding the compound 3,N-methyl pyrrolidone and deionized water into a reaction bottle to completely dissolve. The temperature is raised to 185 ℃ and the reaction is carried out for 6 hours. The temperature is reduced to room temperature, 50mL of water are added, and the mixture is extracted with a dichloromethane/methanol solution. Combining organic phases, washing with saline solution, drying with anhydrous sodium sulfate, filtering, spin-drying to obtain a crude product, and purifying by column chromatography to obtain a compound 4;
and step 3: reduction and ring closing reaction, sequentially adding the compound 4, iron powder and glacial acetic acid into a reaction bottle, heating to 100 ℃, and stirring for reaction for 24 hours. Cooling the temperature of the reaction liquid to 60 ℃, laying a layer of active clay for heat filtration. Collecting filtrate, spin-drying to obtain black jelly, adding saturated sodium bicarbonate solution to adjust the pH value to 6-7, and adding ethyl acetate for extraction. Collecting an organic phase, washing with saturated saline solution, drying with anhydrous sodium sulfate, filtering, spin-drying, and purifying a crude product by column chromatography to obtain a compound 5;
and 4, step 4: performing Friedel-crafts acylation reaction, adding dichloromethane into a reaction bottle, cooling to 0 ℃ in ice water bath, slowly adding aluminum trichloride in batches while stirring, controlling the temperature below 20 ℃, and performing nitrogen protection. Slowly dropwise adding dichloroacetyl chloride at the beginning, and controlling the temperature below 20 ℃. After the addition, the mixture was stirred for 30 minutes. Compound 5 was added slowly. Stirring for 24 hours at room temperature under the protection of nitrogen. The reaction solution is slowly poured into ice water, and the temperature is controlled below 30 ℃. A large amount of solid is separated out, stirred for 15 minutes, filtered, the filter cake is pulped by methanol, filtered and collected to obtain dichloro impurity, namely the compound 1. When dibromoacetyl bromide is used, a dibromo impurity is obtained.
The steps of the invention provide a dihalogen impurity in a ziprasidone hydrochloride intermediate and a preparation method thereof. The invention is researched and tested from the mechanism direction, and the 4-chloro-1-fluoro-2-nitrobenzene is considered to contain dechlorination impurities or become transfer impurities when dechlorination is carried out in any step in the intermediate step and the transfer impurities are not removed by refining according to the analysis of the reaction mechanism. The invention provides a preparation method of the impurity based on the fact that ziprasidone hydrochloride intermediate can bring dechlorination impurities or a dechlorination step is included in the preparation process, the dechlorination impurities with specific structures are obtained, and corresponding preparation steps of the impurities are provided, so that corresponding technical support is provided for the preparation of the ziprasidone hydrochloride. Furthermore, the invention researches the impurity, the impurity is a process impurity derived from an intermediate 6-chloro-1,3-dihydro-indol-2-one in the ziprasidone hydrochloride synthesis process, specifically can be 5- (2,2-dichloro-acetyl) -1,3-dihydro-indol-2-one or 5- (2,2-dibromo-acetyl) -1,3-dihydro-indol-2-one, and the synthesis steps comprise Friedel-crafts acylation, condensation and the like. The invention also provides a synthesis method of the dechlorinated impurity, which is a preparation method for obtaining high-purity ziprasidone hydrochloride intermediate impurities, and the method is simple, strong in controllability and mild in condition, can be used for quality standard establishment and quality control links such as ziprasidone hydrochloride process research and development, production and the like, and provides technical support for the safety of ziprasidone hydrochloride medication. The invention has important significance for the research and preparation of the ziprasidone hydrochloride intermediate impurity, and can be used for quality research such as qualitative and quantitative analysis of the impurity in the synthesis of ziprasidone hydrochloride, thereby being beneficial to improving the quality of ziprasidone hydrochloride and providing important guiding significance for reducing the medication risk of ziprasidone hydrochloride.
The ziprasidone hydrochloride intermediate impurity is prepared on the basis of a ziprasidone hydrochloride synthesis route, so that the basis is provided for effectively controlling and tamping the quality of a ziprasidone hydrochloride raw material drug, and the problems that although the synthesis route of ziprasidone hydrochloride is more reported on the market at present, no corresponding research limitation exists on the impurity and the synthesis method thereof are effectively solved.
Experimental results show that the yield of impurities of the ziprasidone intermediate prepared by the method reaches 87.3%, the purity reaches 97.924%, and the yield and the purity of a sample are high.
In order to further illustrate the present invention, the dihalogen impurity in ziprasidone hydrochloride intermediate and the preparation method thereof are described in detail in the following with reference to the examples, but it should be understood that the examples are carried out on the premise of the technical scheme of the present invention, and the detailed embodiments and the specific operation procedures are given, which are only for further illustrating the features and advantages of the present invention, but not for limiting the claims of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited by the following examples.
Example 1
Step 1:
tetrahydrofuran (100mL, 10V) was put into a 250mL three-necked flask, cooled to 0 ℃ in an ice-water bath, and sodium hydride (4.7g, 118.4mmol, 60%) was added in portions, and the temperature was controlled to 10 ℃ or lower. Under the protection of nitrogen, dimethyl malonate (10.4 g, 70.9mmol) is added dropwise, the temperature is controlled below 15 ℃, and the dropwise addition is carried out for 20 minutes. After the addition, the mixture was stirred at 0 to 5 ℃ for half an hour, and then Compound 2 (10.0 g, 70.9mmol) was added thereto. The ice-water bath was removed and the temperature was raised to reflux (68 ℃) and stirred under reflux for 16 hours. TLC showed a small amount of starting material remaining. The reaction solution was poured into 200g of crushed ice, 300mL of dichloromethane was added, stirring was carried out, the solution was dissolved and extracted, the aqueous phase was extracted once with 300mL of dichloromethane, the organic phases were combined, washed with 80mL of saturated brine, dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, filtered, dried by spinning, and the crude product was purified by column chromatography (eluent ratio: ethyl acetate: petroleum ether =100, 1 → 5:1) to give 13.2g of compound 3 as a pale yellow solid, yield: 73.7 percent.
Step 2:
compound 3 (12.0g, 47.4mmol), N-methylpyrrolidone (60mL, 5V) and deionized water (6mL, 0.5V) were sequentially added to a 250mL three-necked reaction flask and completely dissolved. The temperature was raised to 185 ℃ and the reaction was allowed to proceed for 6 hours, as monitored by TLC, to show complete consumption of starting material. The temperature was reduced to room temperature and 50mL of water was added. Preparing dichloromethane: methanol =20:1 (900 mL) and extracted 6 times with prepared dichloromethane/methanol solution (150 mL x 6). The combined organic phases are washed with 150mL of saturated brine, dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, filtered and spin-dried to obtain the crude product, which is purified by column chromatography (eluent ratio: ethyl acetate: petroleum ether =0:1 → 5:1) to obtain 7.5g of compound 4, i.e. (2-nitro-phenyl) -acetic acid methyl ester, yellow solid, yield: 81.5 percent.
Referring to fig. 5, fig. 5 is a nmr hydrogen spectrum of compound 4 prepared in example 1 of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 6, fig. 6 is a nmr carbon spectrum of compound 4 prepared in example 1 of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 7, fig. 7 is a mass spectrum of compound 4 prepared in example 1 of the present invention.
And step 3:
compound 4 (7.0 g,35.9 mmol), iron powder (4.0 g,71.8 mmol), glacial acetic acid (85mL, 12V) were added to a 250mL three-necked reaction flask, heated to 100 deg.C, stirred for 24 hours, and TLC monitored to show complete consumption of starting material. Cooling the temperature of the reaction liquid to 60 ℃, laying a layer of active clay for heat filtration. The filtrate was collected, spun dry to give a black gum, 100mL of water was added, saturated sodium bicarbonate solution was added to adjust the pH to 6-7, and ethyl acetate was added and extracted 3 times (150 mL x 3). The collected organic phase was washed with 80mL of saturated brine, dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, filtered and dried, and the crude product was purified by column chromatography (eluent ratio: ethyl acetate: petroleum ether =20:1 → 2:1) to give 4.2g of compound 5 as a light yellow solid, yield: 87.8 percent.
And 4, step 4:
50mL of dichloromethane is added into a 250mL three-neck flask, the mixture is cooled to 0 ℃ in an ice-water bath, aluminum trichloride (13.2 g,99.9 mmol) is slowly added in batches while stirring, the temperature is controlled below 20 ℃, yellow suspension is added, and nitrogen protection is carried out after the addition. Dichloroacetyl chloride (7.1g, 48.1mmol) was slowly added dropwise at a temperature controlled to 20 ℃ or lower. After the addition, the mixture was stirred for 30 minutes. Slowly add compound 5 (4.0 g, 30.0 mmol) and during the addition the temperature rises to 30 ℃ and the yellow suspension turns into a black solution. Stirring for 24 hours under the protection of nitrogen at room temperature, monitoring the reaction raw materials by TLC to be completely reacted, slowly pouring the reaction raw materials into 200mL of ice water, and controlling the temperature to be below 30 ℃. And (3) precipitating a large amount of solid, adding 100mL of water, stirring for 15 minutes, filtering, pulping a filter cake for 1 hour by using 20mL of methanol, filtering, collecting the filter cake, and drying to obtain 6.4g of compound 1 which is light yellow solid with the yield: 87.3 percent.
The dichloro impurity in the ziprasidone hydrochloride intermediate prepared in example 1 of the invention is characterized.
Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a liquid phase spectrum of ziprasidone hydrochloride intermediate impurities prepared in example 1 of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 2, fig. 2 is a nuclear magnetic resonance hydrogen spectrum of ziprasidone hydrochloride intermediate impurities prepared in example 1 of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 3, fig. 3 is a nuclear magnetic resonance carbon spectrum of ziprasidone hydrochloride intermediate impurities prepared in example 1 of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 4, fig. 4 is a mass spectrum of ziprasidone hydrochloride intermediate impurities prepared in example 1 of the present invention.
Example 2
The differences from example 1 are: the equivalent ratio of the compound 4 of the step 4 to aluminum trichloride is 1.0:2.5.
example 3
And step 3:
the differences from example 1 are: the equivalent ratio of compound 4 to chloroacetyl chloride of step 4 is 1.0:1.0.
example 4
And step 3:
the differences from example 1 are: and 4, replacing the reaction solvent in the step 4 with 1,2-dichloroethane, wherein the reaction temperature is 60 ℃.
Experimental example 5
The samples obtained in examples 1 to 4 were examined by liquid chromatography.
The detection conditions are as follows: a chromatographic column: mobile phase a:0.05% aqueous trifluoroacetic acid mobile phase B: 0.05% trifluoroacetic acid in acetonitrile; column C18 (3.0X 150mm,5 μm); solvent mobile phase A to mobile phase B = 9: 1; the flow rate is 1.0mL/min; the detection wavelength is 229nm; the column temperature is 35 ℃; the injection volume was 20ul.
Referring to table 1, table 1 shows the run gradients for the liquid chromatography assay.
TABLE 1
55 90 10 yield = mass of sample obtained/mass of compound 2 × 100%
Referring to table 2, table 2 shows the results of detecting dichloro impurities prepared in the examples of the present invention.
TABLE 2
| Purity of | Yield of the product | |
| Example 1 | 97.924％ | 87.3％ |
| Example 2 | 97.173％ | 75.5％ |
| Example 3 | 98.151％ | 65.1％ |
| Example 4 | 98.657％ | 80.9％ |
The results show that the impurity yield of the ziprasidone intermediate obtained by the invention reaches 87.3%, the purity reaches 97.924%, and the sample yield and purity are higher.
The above detailed description of the dihalo impurities in ziprasidone hydrochloride intermediate and the method of making the same provided by the present invention, and the present principles and embodiments of the invention are described herein using specific examples, which are intended only to facilitate the understanding of the process of the present invention and its central ideas, including the best mode, and also to enable any person skilled in the art to practice the invention, including making and using any devices or systems and performing any combined methods. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, it is possible to make various improvements and modifications to the present invention without departing from the principle of the present invention, and those improvements and modifications also fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention. The patentable scope of the invention is defined by the claims, and may include other examples that occur to those skilled in the art. Such other embodiments are intended to be within the scope of the claims if they have structural elements that do not differ from the literal language of the claims, or if they include equivalent structural elements with insubstantial differences from the literal languages of the claims.
Claims (10)
1. A dihalogen impurity in a ziprasidone hydrochloride intermediate, which is characterized by having a structure shown in a formula 1,
wherein, X is Cl or Br.
2. The dihalo impurity of claim 1 wherein the ziprasidone hydrochloride intermediate comprises 5- (2-chloroacetyl) -6-chloro-1,3-dihydro-indol-2-one and/or 5- (2-bromoacetyl) -6-chloro-1,3-dihydro-indol-2-one;
the ziprasidone hydrochloride intermediate is prepared from 4-chloro-1-fluoro-2-nitrobenzene;
the 4-chloro-1-fluoro-2-nitrobenzene contains dechlorinated impurities and/or the production process includes a dechlorination step to produce dechlorinated impurities.
3. The dihalo impurity of claim 2, wherein the dechlorinated impurity comprises 1-fluoro-2-nitrobenzene;
the preparation method of the ziprasidone hydrochloride intermediate comprises the following specific steps: a) Carrying out nucleophilic substitution reaction on 4-chloro-1-fluoro-2-nitrobenzene and dimethyl malonate to obtain 2- (2-nitro-4-chloro-phenyl) -dimethyl malonate, and carrying out degreasing reaction to obtain (2-nitro-4-chloro-phenyl) -methyl acetate;
b) Reducing and ring-closing the (2-nitro-4-chloro-phenyl) -methyl acetate obtained in the step and a reducing agent to obtain 6-chloro-1,3-dihydro-indol-2-one;
c) The 6-chloro-1,3-dihydro-indole-2-ketone obtained in the above steps and dichloroacetyl chloride or dibromoacetyl bromide are subjected to Friedel-crafts acylation reaction to obtain 5- (2-chloroacetyl) -6-chloro-1,3-dihydro-indole-2-ketone or 5- (2-bromoacetyl) -6-chloro-1,3-dihydro-indole-2-ketone.
4. The dihalogen impurity of claim 1, wherein the dihalogen impurity having the structure represented by formula 1 is present in 5- (2-chloroacetyl) -6-chloro-1,3-dihydro-indol-2-one or 5- (2-bromoacetyl) -6-chloro-1,3-dihydro-indol-2-one;
the dihalogen impurity with the structure shown in the formula 1 is introduced into ziprasidone from 5- (2-chloroacetyl) -6-chloro-1,3-dihydro-indol-2-one or 5- (2-bromoacetyl) -6-chloro-1,3-dihydro-indol-2-one;
the dihalogen impurity with the structure shown in the formula 1 is 5- (2,2-dichloro-acetyl) -1,3-dihydro-indol-2-one or 5- (2,2-dibromo-acetyl) -1,3-dihydro-indol-2-one.
5. The dihalo impurity according to claim 1, wherein said ziprasidone is prepared by the steps of:
taking 6-chloroindole-2-ketone as an initial raw material, introducing chloroacetyl chloride or bromoacetyl bromide through Friedel-crafts reaction to obtain 5- (2-chloroacetyl) -6-chloro-1,3-dihydro-indole-2-ketone or 5- (2-bromoacetyl) -6-chloro-1,3-dihydro-indole-2-ketone, reducing carbonyl to obtain 5- (2-chloroethyl) -6-chloro-1,3-dihydro-indole-2-ketone or 5- (2-bromoethyl) -6-chloro-1,3-dihydro-indole-2-ketone, and then reacting with 3-piperazinyl-1,2-benzisothiazole hydrochloride in the presence of alkali to obtain ziprasidone.
6. A preparation method of dihalogen impurities in a ziprasidone hydrochloride intermediate is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) Mixing alkali and a first solvent, adding dimethyl malonate in a protective atmosphere, adding 1-halogen-2-nitrobenzene, and performing nucleophilic substitution reaction to obtain 2- (2-nitro-phenyl) -dimethyl malonate;
2) Carrying out degreasing reaction on the 2- (2-nitro-phenyl) -malonic acid dimethyl ester obtained in the step and a second solvent to obtain (2-nitro-phenyl) -acetic acid methyl ester;
3) Reducing the (2-nitro-phenyl) -methyl acetate obtained in the step, a reducing agent and a third solvent to perform ring closure reaction to obtain 1,3-dihydro-indol-2-one;
4) Mixing Lewis acid and a fourth solvent, adding dichloroacetyl chloride or dibromoacetyl bromide in a protective atmosphere, and then adding 1,3-dihydro-indol-2-one obtained in the step to perform Friedel-crafts acylation reaction to obtain a dihalogen impurity.
7. The method of claim 6, wherein the 1-halo-2-nitrobenzene comprises one or more of 1-fluoro-2-nitrobenzene, 1-bromo-2-nitrobenzene, and 1-chloro-2-nitrobenzene;
the alkali comprises one or more of sodium hydride, potassium carbonate, potassium tert-butoxide and sodium carbonate;
the first solvent comprises one or more of water, dimethyl sulfoxide, N-methyl pyrrolidone, N-dimethylformamide, tetrahydrofuran and 1,4-dioxane;
the molar ratio of the 1-halogen-2-nitrobenzene to the dimethyl malonate is 1.0 (0.9-1.2);
the molar ratio of the 1-halogen-2-nitrobenzene to the alkali is 1.0 (1.0-2.0);
the time of the nucleophilic substitution reaction is 12 to 24 hours;
the temperature of the nucleophilic substitution reaction is 15-85 ℃.
8. The method according to claim 6, wherein the second solvent comprises one or more of water, dimethylsulfoxide, N-methylpyrrolidone, N-dimethylformamide, and acetone;
the volume ratio of the 2- (2-nitro-phenyl) -malonic acid dimethyl ester to the second solvent is 1: (10 to 30);
the temperature of the degreasing reaction is 100-200 ℃;
the time of the degreasing reaction is 6-12 h.
9. The method of claim 6, wherein the reducing agent comprises one or more of iron powder, zinc powder, and palladium on carbon;
the third solvent comprises one or more of glacial acetic acid, methanol, ethanol, water and ethyl acetate;
the molar ratio of the (2-nitro-phenyl) -methyl acetate to the reducing agent is 1.0 (1.5-3.0);
the temperature of the reduction ring-closing reaction is 20-120 ℃;
the time of the reduction ring-closing reaction is 16-48 h.
10. The production method according to claim 7, wherein the Lewis acid includes one or more of aluminum trichloride, iron tribromide, and boron trifluoride;
the fourth solvent comprises one or more of dichloromethane, 1,2-dichloroethane, toluene, and acetonitrile;
the molar ratio of 1,3-dihydro-indole-2-ketone to dichloroacetyl chloride is 1.0 (1.0-2.0);
the molar ratio of 1,3-dihydro-indol-2-one to Lewis acid is 1.0 (2.5-4.0);
the temperature of the Friedel-crafts acylation reaction is 10-60 ℃;
the time of the Friedel-crafts acylation reaction is 16-48 h.
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