CN112723821A - Pervious concrete and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Pervious concrete and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN112723821A CN112723821A CN202011595092.4A CN202011595092A CN112723821A CN 112723821 A CN112723821 A CN 112723821A CN 202011595092 A CN202011595092 A CN 202011595092A CN 112723821 A CN112723821 A CN 112723821A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
- C04B28/04—Portland cements
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/00241—Physical properties of the materials not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00
- C04B2111/00284—Materials permeable to liquids
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/40—Porous or lightweight materials
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
- C04B2201/50—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the mechanical strength
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Abstract
The application relates to the field of building materials, and particularly discloses pervious concrete and a preparation method thereof. The permeable concrete comprises the following components in parts by weight: 300-500 parts of cement, 1500-1700 parts of coarse aggregate, 110-150 parts of water, 210-250 parts of reinforcing agent and 90-130 parts of additive; the reinforcing agent comprises the following components in parts by weight: 3-6 parts of organic silicon modified resin, 0.4-0.8 part of pore-forming agent, 5-10 parts of polyether-ether-ketone and 4-8 parts of coal gangue; the preparation method comprises the following steps: s1, adding the admixture into 1/3 of water of the total water consumption, and stirring for 20-30min to obtain a component A; s2, uniformly stirring the cement, the coarse aggregate and the reinforcing agent to obtain a component B; and S3, uniformly mixing the component A and the component B, adding the rest water, and continuously and uniformly stirring to obtain the pervious concrete. The utility model provides a pervious concrete has higher intensity advantage when having higher water permeability.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the field of building materials, in particular to pervious concrete and a preparation method thereof.
Background
With the development of economy in China, the enlargement of urban scale and the change of structures, the urban ground surfaces are gradually covered by reinforced concrete houses, large-scale infrastructures, various impervious sites and concrete pavements with extremely poor water permeability, the proportion of the concrete pavements is larger and larger, a plurality of negative effects are generated on the society and the ecological environment, and particularly, the problems of urban waterlogging, underground water level reduction, heat island effect and the like are increasingly prominent. Permeable concrete pavement is one of low-influence development measures, and underground water resources can be supplemented by rainwater; the runoff of the pavement is reduced, and urban inland inundation is prevented; reduce the pollutant that road surface runoff carried, alleviate purposes such as river course water pollution, the concrete pavement that permeates water has important realistic meaning to the natural environment of improvement city and maintain ecological balance etc..
In the prior art, Chinese patent application No. CN202010412295.9 discloses concrete for improving water permeability, which comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight; 35-65 parts of concrete, 1-5 parts of limestone, 1-5 parts of ceramic, 0.5-3.5 parts of foam material, 1.5-6 parts of latex powder, 5-10 parts of recycled aggregate, 2-8 parts of aerogel, 1-5 parts of pore-enlarging agent, 1.5-4.5 parts of water reducing agent and 0.5-3.5 parts of graphite powder.
The existing concrete for improving the water permeability has the advantages of large porosity, high water permeability and low processing cost, and can solve the problem of water accumulation on roads.
In view of the above-mentioned related arts, the inventors believe that in order to satisfy the requirement of the water permeability of the pervious concrete, the porosity of the concrete is increased, and the higher porosity results in lower strength of the pervious concrete.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to enable concrete to have high strength while having high water permeability, the application provides pervious concrete and a preparation method thereof.
In a first aspect, the present application provides a pervious concrete, which adopts the following technical scheme:
the pervious concrete comprises the following components in parts by weight: 300-500 parts of cement, 1500-1700 parts of coarse aggregate, 110-150 parts of water, 210-250 parts of reinforcing agent and 90-130 parts of additive;
the reinforcing agent comprises the following components in parts by weight: 3-6 parts of organic silicon modified resin, 0.4-0.8 part of pore-forming agent, 5-10 parts of polyether-ether-ketone and 4-8 parts of coal gangue.
By adopting the technical scheme, as the raw materials such as coarse aggregates, cement and the like are adopted, the reinforcing agent made of organic silicon modified resin, pore-forming agent, polyether-ether-ketone and the like is added to prepare the pervious concrete, as the organic silicon modified resin has high strength, large hardness and good hydrophobic property, under the action of the pore-forming agent, a plurality of mutually communicated tiny pervious pores are formed on the organic silicon modified resin, when moisture permeates into the concrete, the moisture can quickly flow through the pervious pores, the pervious effect is strong, and meanwhile, the polyether-ether-ketone has high temperature resistance, high strength, high elastic modulus and high fracture toughness, the coal gangue is solid waste generated in the coal mining process and the coal washing process, and the coal gangue can replace natural sand, save natural resources and can also replace part of cementing materials when being used in the concrete, after the coal gangue is doped, the compactness of the concrete is improved, and the compressive strength is improved; therefore, the prepared reinforcing agent can improve the water permeability of concrete, and can improve the compressive strength of the concrete, so that the concrete has higher compressive strength while having better water permeability.
Preferably, the preparation method of the reinforcing agent is as follows: dissolving organic silicon modified resin with a mixed solution prepared from n-butyl alcohol and isopropanol according to the mass ratio of 1:1, spraying the solution on a mixture of polyether-ether-ketone and coal gangue, atomizing and depositing a pore-forming agent on the mixture of polyether-ether-ketone and coal gangue, curing for 20-25s under the light-induced energy of 300-400mJ, and calcining for 30-40min at the temperature of 200-300 ℃ to prepare the reinforcing agent.
By adopting the technical scheme, after the organic silicon resin is sprayed on the polyether-ether-ketone and the coal gangue, the organic silicon modified resin is attached to the polyether-ether-ketone and the coal gangue, finally, the pore-forming agent is deposited on the organic silicon modified resin, after photocuring, the organic silicon modified resin is cured to form a layer of resin film on the polyether-ether-ketone and the coal gangue, after calcination, the pore-forming agent is decomposed into carbon dioxide gas, and mutually-through water-permeable holes are formed in the organic silicon modified resin film, so that the water permeability of the concrete is improved, and the polyether-ether-ketone and the coal gangue coated by the organic silicon modified resin have high hardness and high strength, and the compressive strength of the concrete can be.
Preferably, the coal gangue is pretreated by the following steps: grinding the coal gangue to 7-10mm, placing at the temperature of 500-700 ℃, sintering for 1.5-2h, adding a mixed solution of a silane coupling agent, ethanol and water, uniformly stirring, drying, extruding and granulating with the polyphenylene sulfide at the temperature of 260-290 ℃, wherein the mass ratio of the silane coupling agent to the ethanol to the water is 1:3.6:0.4, and the mass ratio of the coal gangue to the mixed solution is 1: 1-2.
By adopting the technical scheme, the main component of the coal gangue is kaolin, hydroxyl groups can be removed after sintering to generate active metakaolin, the active metakaolin can generate an activation reaction with calcium hydroxide which is a hydration product of cement, the compactness of concrete is improved, and the compressive strength of the concrete is improved.
Preferably, the additive comprises 1.2-1.6 parts of rice hull ash, 3-5 parts of redispersible latex powder, 0.4-1 part of polylactic acid, 2-4 parts of polyethylene glycol, 0.1-0.5 part of sodium tripolyphosphate and 0.2-0.6 part of sodium borate.
By adopting the technical scheme, the redispersible latex powder and the polyethylene glycol can be subjected to cross-linking polymerization under the cross-linking action of the sodium borate to form a coating film, the coating film is covered on concrete particles, and fine permeable holes which are completely communicated are formed on the surface of the coating film under the action of the rice hull ash and the polylactic acid, so that the bonding action between the coarse aggregates of the permeable concrete is ensured, the coating film has higher water permeability, the pores of the permeable concrete are prevented from being blocked, the permeable pores are increased along with the degradation of the polylactic acid, the permeability coefficient is gradually increased, and the permeable effect is further improved.
Preferably, the preparation method of the admixture is as follows: adding water into the rice hull ash, soaking for 10-20h, mixing and grinding the redispersible latex powder, the polyethylene glycol and the sodium borate, adding the polylactic acid and the sodium tripolyphosphate, mixing and dispersing, adding the soaked rice hull ash, heating to 40-50 ℃, stirring for 0.5-2h, atomizing and drying to obtain the additive.
By adopting the technical scheme, the redispersible latex powder and the polyethylene glycol are subjected to cross-linking polymerization mutually under the action of the sodium borate, the rice hull ash subjected to water soaking is atomized and dried, the water disappears, the rice hull ash has more pores and is attached to the coating film subjected to cross-linking polymerization of the redispersible latex powder and the polyethylene glycol, the water permeability of the coating film is improved, and the polylactic acid is degraded, so that the water permeable pores on the surface of the coating film are increased, and the water permeability is further improved.
Preferably, the pore-forming agent is one of PVA and ammonium bicarbonate.
By adopting the technical scheme, the high temperature resistance of the organic silicon modified resin reaches about 400 ℃, and the pore-forming agent with low calcination temperature is used, so that the pore-forming can be completed at the temperature of 200-300 ℃, and the organic silicon resin is prevented from melting with the polyether-ether-ketone at high temperature.
Preferably, the coarse aggregate is artificial macadam with the particle size of 5-10mm, the mud content is 0.2%, and the needle sheet content is 4.6%.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, artifical rubble if mud content is more, mud parcel hinders the combination of rubble and cement paste on the rubble surface, then needs more water consumption to improve the mobility of concrete, and needle slice form content is more for the mobility of concrete is relatively poor, makes concrete hole more, and compressive strength is relatively poor.
In a second aspect, the application provides a method for preparing pervious concrete, which adopts the following technical scheme:
a preparation method of pervious concrete comprises the following steps:
s1, adding the admixture into 1/3 of water based on the total water consumption, heating the water to 25-30 ℃, and stirring for 20-30min to obtain a component A;
s2, uniformly stirring the cement, the coarse aggregate and the reinforcing agent to obtain a component B;
and S3, uniformly mixing the component A and the component B, adding the rest water, and continuously and uniformly stirring to obtain the pervious concrete.
By adopting the technical scheme, the admixture is dissolved by water firstly, so that the agglomeration or reunion of the admixture is avoided, then the cement, the coarse aggregate and the reinforcing agent are mixed, and finally the cement, the coarse aggregate and the reinforcing agent are uniformly mixed by water.
Preferably, in the step S3, before the component B is mixed with the component a, an admixture is added into the component B, wherein the use amount of the admixture is 120-50 parts, and the admixture is one or a combination of two of fly ash and mineral powder.
By adopting the technical scheme, the active ingredients of the fly ash are silicon dioxide and aluminum oxide, and after the fly ash is mixed with cement and water, a stable cementing material can be generated, so that the concrete has high strength; when the fly ash or the mineral powder and the coal gangue are mixed, the fluidity of the concrete can be improved, the compressive strength of the concrete is improved, and the water permeability of the concrete is improved.
Preferably, the fly ash is F-class II-grade fly ash, the fineness (the screen residue of a 45-micron square-hole screen) is less than or equal to 12 percent, the water demand ratio is 98 percent, the loss on ignition is less than or equal to 4.5 percent, the mineral powder is S95-grade mineral powder, and the specific surface area of the mineral powder is 450m2Kg, 28 days activity index 95%, fluidity 99%.
By adopting the technical scheme, more than 70% of particles in the fly ash are amorphous spherical glass bodies, the ball bearing effect is mainly achieved, the lubricating effect is achieved in the concrete mixture, the workability of the concrete mixture is improved, the fly ash and coarse aggregate form reasonable grading, the fly ash and the coarse aggregate are mutually filled, the compactness of the concrete can be effectively increased, and the compressive strength of the concrete is further improved; the mineral powder admixture can improve rheological property, reduce hydration heat, reduce slump loss and reduce segregation and bleeding, and can also improve the pore structure and mechanical property of a concrete structure and improve later strength and durability.
In summary, the present application has the following beneficial effects:
1. the permeable concrete is prepared from the raw materials such as cement, coarse aggregate, additive and the like, fine aggregate is not added, so that the internal pores of the concrete are large, the water permeability is good, the reinforcing agent is prepared from the organic silicon modified resin, the pore-forming agent, the polyether-ether-ketone and the coal gangue, and the organic silicon modified resin has high hardness and high strength, so that under the action of the pore-forming agent, more mutually communicated permeable pores are formed on the organic silicon modified resin, the water permeability of the concrete can be enhanced, and meanwhile, the polyether-ether-ketone and the coal gangue have high strength and are matched with the organic silicon modified resin, so that the compressive strength of the concrete can be enhanced.
2. In the application, the coal gangue is preferably pretreated by adopting the polyphenylene sulfide and the silane coupling agent, the specific surface area of the calcined coal gangue is increased, the compatibility of the calcined coal gangue and the polyphenylene sulfide is improved under the action of the silane coupling agent, and the strength of the coal gangue is further improved under the filling and coating of the polyphenylene sulfide, so that the compressive strength of concrete is improved.
3. The additive is preferably prepared from the redispersible latex powder, the polyethylene glycol, the polylactic acid, the rice hull ash and the like, the redispersible latex powder and the polyethylene glycol are mutually crosslinked to form a coating film, the polylactic acid and the rice hull ash after water absorption are attached to the surface of the coating film, after atomization drying, the specific surface area of the rice hull ash is increased, the water permeability coefficient is increased, water permeable holes are formed in the coating film formed by the redispersible latex powder and the polyethylene glycol along with degradation of the polylactic acid, the water permeability is enhanced, and the water permeable effect of the concrete is further improved.
4. The coal ash, the mineral powder or the mixture of the coal ash and the mineral powder serving as the admixture are matched with the coal gangue, so that the water permeability of the concrete can be improved, and the compressive strength of the concrete can be improved.
Detailed Description
Preparation examples 1 to 7 of reinforcing agent
The organosilicon modified resin in preparation examples 1-10 is selected from organosilicon modified resin selected from Shanghai Luzhen nanometer science and technology limited company with model number of 4 GU-T55; the polyetheretherketone is selected from Camphor wood of Dongguan city and the division of the Ministry of Jiayuan plastic business, and has the model of KT-880 CF 30; the PVA is selected from New Material science and technology Co., Ltd, type PVA2699, the technical index is shown in Table 1, the coal gangue is solid waste in the coal mining process, the chemical component analysis is shown in Table 2, and the polyphenylene sulfide is selected from east Brilliant Plastic Material Co., Ltd, Dongguan city, type 1140A 6.
Preparation example 1: dissolving 3kg of organic silicon modified resin by using a mixed solution prepared from n-butyl alcohol and isopropanol according to the mass ratio of 1:1, spraying the solution on a mixture of 5kg of polyether-ether-ketone and 4kg of coal gangue, atomizing and depositing 0.4kg of pore-forming agent on the mixture of polyether-ether-ketone and coal gangue, curing for 25s under the light excitation energy of 300mJ, and calcining for 40min at 200 ℃ to prepare the reinforcing agent, wherein the solid content of the organic silicon modified resin is 35%, the viscosity is 40mpa.s, the HP value is 5, and the pore-forming agent is PVA.
TABLE 1 technical indices of PVA
TABLE 2 chemical composition analysis of coal gangue
| Components | SiO2 | Al2O3 | Fe2O3 | CaO | MgO | Na+ | K+ |
| W/％ | 42.61 | 21.84 | 7.5 | 0.2 | 0.25 | 0.08 | 0.18 |
Preparation example 2: dissolving 4.5kg of organic silicon modified resin by using a mixed solution prepared from n-butyl alcohol and isopropanol according to the mass ratio of 1:1, spraying the solution on a mixture of 8kg of polyether-ether-ketone and 6kg of coal gangue, atomizing and depositing 0.6kg of pore-forming agent on the mixture of polyether-ether-ketone and coal gangue, curing for 23s under the light excitation energy of 350mJ, and calcining for 35min at 350 ℃ to prepare the reinforcing agent, wherein the solid content of the organic silicon modified resin is 35%, the viscosity is 40mpa.s, the HP value is 5, and the pore-forming agent is ammonium bicarbonate.
Preparation example 3: dissolving 6kg of organic silicon modified resin by using a mixed solution prepared from n-butyl alcohol and isopropanol according to the mass ratio of 1:1, spraying the solution on a mixture of 10kg of polyether-ether-ketone and 88kg of coal gangue, atomizing and depositing 0.88kg of pore-forming agent on the mixture of the polyether-ether-ketone and the coal gangue, curing for 20s under the light excitation energy of 400mJ, and calcining for 30min at 400 ℃ to prepare the reinforcing agent, wherein the solid content of the organic silicon modified resin is 35%, the viscosity is 40mpa.s, the HP value is 5, and the pore-forming agent is a mixture of PVA and ammonium bicarbonate according to the mass ratio of 1:1.
Preparation example 4: the difference from the preparation example 1 is that the coal gangue is pretreated by the following steps: grinding coal gangue to 7mm, placing at 500 ℃, sintering for 2h, adding a mixed solution of a silane coupling agent, ethanol and water, uniformly stirring at a rotating speed of 3000r/min, drying at 120 ℃ for 2h, extruding and granulating with polyphenylene sulfide at 260 ℃, wherein the mass ratio of the silane coupling agent to the ethanol to the water is 1:3.6:0.4, and the mass ratio of the coal gangue to the mixed solution is 1:1.
Preparation example 5: the difference from the preparation example 1 is that the coal gangue is pretreated by the following steps: grinding coal gangue to 8mm, placing at 600 ℃, sintering for 1.8h, adding a mixed solution of a silane coupling agent, ethanol and water, uniformly stirring at a rotating speed of 3500r/min, drying at 130 ℃ for 1.5h, extruding and granulating with polyphenylene sulfide at 280 ℃, wherein the mass ratio of the silane coupling agent to the ethanol to the water is 1:3.6:0.4, and the mass ratio of the coal gangue to the mixed solution is 1: 1.5.
Preparation example 6: the difference from the preparation example 1 is that the coal gangue is pretreated by the following steps: grinding coal gangue to 10mm, placing at 700 ℃, sintering for 1h, adding a mixed solution of a silane coupling agent, ethanol and water, uniformly stirring at a rotating speed of 4000r/min, drying at 140 ℃ for 1h, extruding and granulating with polyphenylene sulfide at 290 ℃, wherein the mass ratio of the silane coupling agent to the ethanol to the water is 1:3.6:0.4, and the mass ratio of the coal gangue to the mixed solution is 1: 2.
Preparation example 7: the difference from preparation example 4 is that polyphenylene sulfide was not added.
Preparation examples 1 to 4 of admixtures
The redispersible latex powder in preparation examples 1-4 is selected from Shanghai minister and initiator chemical technology Co., Ltd, and the model is HP-8029; the polylactic acid is selected from the Ying-Ming-Dynasty fir plastic raw material of Dongguan city, and the model is CCBM 11; the rice hull ash is selected from processing plants of Jiayuan mineral products in Lingshou county, and has a model of 016; the sodium tripolyphosphate is selected from Suzhou national cloud chemical Co., Ltd, and the type is 14; the polyethylene glycol is selected from Jiangsu Maoheng chemical company of chemical industry, and the model is PEG 4000.
Preparation example 1: adding 10kg of water into 1.2kg of rice hull ash, soaking for 10h, mixing and grinding 3kg of redispersible latex powder, 2kg of polyethylene glycol and 0.2kg of sodium borate at the grinding speed of 400r/min for 45min, adding 0.4kg of polylactic acid and 0.1kg of sodium tripolyphosphate, mixing and dispersing at the speed of 1200r/min for 20min, adding the soaked rice hull ash, heating to 40 ℃, stirring for 2h, atomizing and drying to obtain the additive, wherein the atomizing pressure is 0.5MPa, and the drying temperature is 60 ℃.
Preparation example 2: adding 8kg of water into 1.4kg of rice hull ash, soaking for 15h, mixing and grinding 4kg of redispersible latex powder, 3kg of polyethylene glycol and 0.4kg of sodium borate at the grinding speed of 600r/min for 40min, adding 0.7kg of polylactic acid and 0.3kg of sodium tripolyphosphate, mixing and dispersing for 15min at the speed of 1400r/min, adding the soaked rice hull ash, heating to 45 ℃, stirring for 1h, atomizing and drying to obtain the additive, wherein the atomizing pressure is 0.6MPa, and the drying temperature is 70 ℃.
Preparation example 3: adding 6kg of water into 1.6kg of rice hull ash, soaking for 2h, mixing and grinding 5kg of redispersible latex powder, 4kg of polyethylene glycol and 0.6kg of sodium borate at the grinding speed of 800r/min for 30min, adding 1kg of polylactic acid and 0.5kg of sodium tripolyphosphate, mixing and dispersing at the speed of 1500r/min for 10min, adding the soaked rice hull ash, heating to 50 ℃, stirring for 0.5h, atomizing and drying to obtain the additive, wherein the atomizing pressure is 0.8MPa, and the drying temperature is 80 ℃.
Preparation example 4: the difference from preparation example 1 is that rice hull ash and polylactic acid were not added.
Examples
In the following examples and comparative examples, the polycarboxylate superplasticizer is selected from Shanghai Kahn chemical Co., Ltd, model number RHEOPLUS 410; the RJ-8 type concrete surface reinforcing agent is selected from Beijing Rongdaxin New technology, Inc.; the KSZ type pervious concrete reinforcing agent is selected from Wuhan Kassi New materials Co.
Example 1: the raw material formulation of the pervious concrete is shown in Table 3, and the preparation method of the pervious concrete comprises the following steps:
s1, adding an additive into 1/3 of water accounting for the total water consumption, heating the water to 25 ℃, and stirring for 30min to obtain a component A, wherein the additive is a polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent;
s2, uniformly stirring cement, coarse aggregate and a reinforcing agent to prepare a component B, wherein the cement is P.O42.5 portland cement, the coarse aggregate is artificial macadam with the particle size of 5-10mm, the mud content is 0.2%, the needle-shaped content is 4.6%, and the reinforcing agent is prepared by the preparation example 1 of the reinforcing agent;
and S3, uniformly mixing the component A and the component B, adding the rest water, and continuously and uniformly stirring to obtain the pervious concrete.
TABLE 3 raw material amounts of pervious concrete in examples 1-5 and examples 16-18
Examples 2 to 5: the difference between the pervious concrete and the concrete in example 1 is that the raw material formulation is shown in table 3.
Example 6: the raw material formulation of the pervious concrete is shown in Table 3, and the preparation method of the pervious concrete comprises the following steps:
s1, adding an additive into 1/3 of water accounting for the total water consumption, heating the water to 25 ℃, and stirring for 20min to obtain a component A, wherein the additive is a polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent;
s2, uniformly stirring cement, coarse aggregate and a reinforcing agent to prepare a component B, wherein the cement is P.O42.5 portland cement, the coarse aggregate is artificial macadam with the particle size of 5-10mm, the mud content is 0.2%, the needle-shaped content is 4.6%, and the reinforcing agent is prepared by the preparation example 2 of the reinforcing agent;
and S3, uniformly mixing the component A and the component B, adding the rest water, and continuously and uniformly stirring to obtain the pervious concrete.
Example 7: a pervious concrete, differing from example 1 in that the reinforcing agent was prepared from preparation example 3 of the reinforcing agent.
Example 8: a pervious concrete, differing from example 1 in that the reinforcing agent was prepared from preparation example 4 of the reinforcing agent.
Example 9: a pervious concrete, differing from example 1 in that the reinforcing agent was prepared from preparation example 5 of the reinforcing agent.
Example 10: a pervious concrete, differing from example 1 in that the reinforcing agent was prepared from preparation example 6 of the reinforcing agent.
Example 11: a pervious concrete, differing from example 1 in that the reinforcing agent was prepared from preparation example 7 of the reinforcing agent.
Example 12: a pervious concrete is different from example 1 in that the admixture is prepared by preparation example 1.
Example 13: a pervious concrete is different from example 1 in that an admixture is prepared by preparation example 2.
Example 14: a pervious concrete differing from example 1 in that the admixture was prepared by preparation example 3.
Example 15: a pervious concrete differing from example 1 in that the admixture was prepared by preparation example 4.
Example 16: a pervious concrete differing from example 1 in that 120kg/m was added to component B in step S33The concrete is prepared by uniformly mixing the admixture which is fly ash and then uniformly mixing the admixture with the component A, adding the rest water, and continuously and uniformly stirring the mixture to obtain the pervious concrete, wherein the fly ash is class F II fly ash, the fineness (the screen allowance of a 45-micron square-hole sieve) is less than or equal to 12 percent, the water demand ratio is 98 percent, and the loss on ignition is less than or equal to 4.5 percent.
Example 17: a pervious concrete, differing from example 1 in that example 17: a pervious concrete differing from example 1 in that, in step S3, 130kg/m was added to component B3The admixture is mineral powder, the mineral powder is mixed uniformly, then mixed uniformly with the component A, the rest water is added, the mixture is stirred uniformly continuously, and the pervious concrete is prepared, wherein the mineral powder is S95-grade mineral powder, the specific surface area of the mineral powder is 450m2Kg, 28 days activity index 95%, fluidity 99%.
Example 18: a pervious concrete differing from example 1 in that 150kg/m was added to component B in step S33The admixture is a mixture of mineral powder and fly ash, the mass ratio of the mineral powder to the fly ash is 1:1, the mixture is uniformly mixed with the component A, the rest water is added, the mixture is continuously and uniformly stirred, and the pervious concrete is prepared, wherein the fly ash is class F class II fly ash, the fineness (the screen allowance of a 45-micron square-hole screen) is less than or equal to 12%, the water demand ratio is 98%, the loss on ignition is less than or equal to 4.5%, the mineral powder is class S95 mineral powder, the specific surface area of the mineral powder is 450m2Kg, 28 days activity index 95%, fluidity 99%.
Example 19: a pervious concrete differing from example 1 in that the admixture was prepared by preparation example 1, and in step S3, 150kg/m was added to component B3An admixture which is a mixture of mineral powder and fly ash, wherein the mass ratio of the mineral powder to the fly ash is 1:1, and the admixture is mixedMixing uniformly, mixing uniformly with the component A, adding the rest water, and continuously stirring uniformly to obtain the pervious concrete, wherein the fly ash is F class II fly ash, the fineness (the screen residue of a 45-micron square-hole screen) is less than or equal to 12 percent, the water demand ratio is 98 percent, the ignition loss is less than or equal to 4.5 percent, the mineral powder is S95 grade mineral powder, and the specific surface area of the mineral powder is 450m2Kg, 28 days activity index 95%, fluidity 99%.
Example 20: a pervious concrete differing from example 1 in that the admixture was prepared by preparation example 1, and in step S3, 150kg/m was added to component B3The concrete is prepared by uniformly mixing the admixture which is fly ash and then uniformly mixing the admixture with the component A, adding the rest water, and continuously and uniformly stirring the mixture to obtain the pervious concrete, wherein the fly ash is class F II fly ash, the fineness (the screen allowance of a 45-micron square-hole sieve) is less than or equal to 12 percent, the water demand ratio is 98 percent, and the loss on ignition is less than or equal to 4.5 percent.
Comparative example
Comparative example 1: a pervious concrete, which differs from example 1 in that no pore-forming agent is added.
Comparative example 2: a pervious concrete, differing from example 1 in that no polyetheretherketone was added.
Comparative example 3: a pervious concrete, which is different from example 1 in that no coal gangue is added.
Comparative example 4: the pervious concrete is different from the pervious concrete in example 1 in that the reinforcing agent is prepared by mixing 3kg of organic silicon modified resin, 0.4kg of pore-forming agent, 5kg of polyether-ether-ketone and 4kg of coal gangue, and the pore-forming agent is sugar filter mud.
Comparative example 5: a pervious concrete, which differs from example 1 in that the reinforcing agent is an RJ-8 type concrete surface reinforcing agent.
Comparative example 6: the high-permeability concrete is different from the concrete in example 1 in that the reinforcing agent is a KSZ type permeable concrete reinforcing agent.
Comparative example 7: the pervious concrete comprises 1600kg of coarse aggregate, 400kg of cement, 110kg of water, 50kg of admixture, 130kg of mesoporous material and 200kg of reinforcing fiber, wherein the coarse aggregate is artificial macadam with the particle size of 5-10mm, the mesoporous material is silicon-based mesoporous material, the reinforcing fiber is carbon nanofiber, and the admixture is slaked lime; the preparation method of the pervious concrete comprises the following steps: weighing the mesoporous material, the reinforcing fiber and the water according to the formula ratio, uniformly stirring, adding the cement, the coarse aggregate and the additive according to the formula ratio, and stirring to obtain the pervious concrete.
Performance test
Preparing pervious concrete according to the methods in the examples and the comparative proportions, putting the mixed pervious concrete slurry into a mold of 150mm multiplied by 150mm, putting the mold into a standard curing box for curing for 28 days, taking three samples for each example or comparative example for detection, taking an average value of detection results, recording the average value in table 4, taking the performance requirements in CJJ/T135-2009 technical Specification for pervious cement concrete pavements as detection standard values, and adopting the detection method as follows:
1. water permeability coefficient: the method adopts a fixed water level height method for testing, four sides of a test block are sealed by clean slurry firstly, a forming surface is used as a testing surface, the time t used when the water level in a water permeating instrument is reduced to 0 from 180 is tested, and the water permeability coefficient upsilon is calculated by the following formula: upsilon is h/t;
2. compressive strength: detecting according to GB/T50081-2002 standard of common concrete mechanical property test method;
3. porosity: after soaking the test block in water for 24h, testing the mass m1 of the test block in water, then air-drying the test block for 24h, testing the mass m2, and calculating the porosity P of the concrete according to the following formula: p ═ 1- (m2-m1)/V ρWater (W)]×100％。
TABLE 4 Performance test results for pervious concrete
In the embodiments 1 to 7, the concrete prepared by using the reinforcing agent prepared by the method has the advantages of large water permeability coefficient, high porosity and improved compressive strength, and the compressive strength of the concrete can be effectively improved.
In examples 8 to 10, the coal gangue is pretreated with polyphenylene sulfide, so that the hardness of the coal gangue is improved, but the water permeability coefficient and the porosity are reduced, and the water permeability is reduced to some extent.
In example 11, when the coal gangue is pretreated, the compressive strength of the pervious concrete is obviously reduced but the water permeability is improved compared with examples 8-10 because the polyphenylene sulfide is not used.
In examples 12 to 14, the admixture prepared in the present application was used to increase the water permeability of concrete by allowing the rice husk ash and polylactic acid to form a coating film with more water permeable pores.
In example 15, since the rice hull ash and the polylactic acid were not added during the preparation of the admixture, the porosity of the coating film was decreased, the number of water permeable pores was decreased, and the water permeability was decreased.
In examples 16 to 18, fly ash or mineral powder or a mixture of the fly ash and the mineral powder is added to the concrete as an admixture, and the admixture is matched with the coal gangue, so that the water permeability coefficient of the concrete can be improved, and the compressive strength of the concrete can also be improved.
In examples 19 to 20, when the fly ash or the mixture of the fly ash and the mineral powder is used as the admixture and the admixture prepared in the application is used, the compressive strength of the concrete prepared in examples 19 to 20 is improved, the water permeability coefficient is increased, and the water permeability is higher compared with examples 12 to 14 and examples 16 to 18.
In comparative example 1, no pore-forming agent was added, so that minute water-permeable pores were not formed on the surface of the silicone modified resin, resulting in a decrease in the water permeability of the concrete.
The concrete prepared in the comparative example 2 and the concrete prepared in the comparative example 3 have the water permeability coefficient which is not much different from that of the concrete prepared in the examples 1 to 7, but the compressive strength is obviously reduced, so that the compressive strength of the pervious concrete can be improved by the polyether-ether-ketone and the coal gangue.
The concrete prepared in the comparative examples 5 and 6 has lower water permeability coefficient and lower compressive strength compared with the concrete prepared in the examples 1-7, which can be seen from the detection results of the commercial reinforcing agent used in the comparative examples 5 and 6, and the reinforcing agent prepared in the application can not only increase the water permeability coefficient of the concrete, but also improve the compressive strength of the concrete.
Comparative example 7 is a pervious concrete prepared by the prior art, which has small compressive strength, low permeability coefficient, and inferior water permeability and mechanical properties to the concrete prepared by the present application.
The present embodiment is only for explaining the present application, and it is not limited to the present application, and those skilled in the art can make modifications of the present embodiment without inventive contribution as needed after reading the present specification, but all of them are protected by patent law within the scope of the claims of the present application.
Claims (10)
1. The pervious concrete is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight: 300-500 parts of cement, 1500-1700 parts of coarse aggregate, 110-150 parts of water, 210-250 parts of reinforcing agent and 90-130 parts of additive;
the reinforcing agent comprises the following components in parts by weight: 3-6 parts of organic silicon modified resin, 0.4-0.8 part of pore-forming agent, 5-10 parts of polyether-ether-ketone and 4-8 parts of coal gangue.
2. The pervious concrete of claim 1, wherein: the preparation method of the reinforcing agent comprises the following steps: dissolving organic silicon modified resin with a mixed solution prepared from n-butyl alcohol and isopropanol according to the mass ratio of 1:1, spraying the solution on a mixture of polyether-ether-ketone and coal gangue, atomizing and depositing a pore-forming agent on the mixture of polyether-ether-ketone and coal gangue, curing for 20-25s under the light-induced energy of 300-400mJ, and calcining for 30-40min at the temperature of 200-300 ℃ to prepare the reinforcing agent.
3. The pervious concrete of claim 1, wherein the coal refuse is pretreated by: grinding the coal gangue to 7-10mm, placing at the temperature of 500-700 ℃, sintering for 1.5-2h, adding a mixed solution of a silane coupling agent, ethanol and water, uniformly stirring, drying, extruding and granulating with the polyphenylene sulfide at the temperature of 260-290 ℃, wherein the mass ratio of the silane coupling agent to the ethanol to the water is 1:3.6:0.4, and the mass ratio of the coal gangue to the mixed solution is 1: 1-2.
4. The pervious concrete of claim 1, wherein the admixture comprises 1.2-1.6 parts of rice hull ash, 3-5 parts of redispersible latex powder, 0.4-1 part of polylactic acid, 2-4 parts of polyethylene glycol, 0.1-0.5 part of sodium tripolyphosphate and 0.2-0.6 part of sodium borate.
5. The pervious concrete of claim 4, characterized in that the admixture is prepared by the following method: adding water into the rice hull ash, soaking for 10-20h, mixing and grinding the redispersible latex powder, the polyethylene glycol and the sodium borate, adding the polylactic acid and the sodium tripolyphosphate, mixing and dispersing, adding the soaked rice hull ash, heating to 40-50 ℃, stirring for 0.5-2h, atomizing and drying to obtain the additive.
6. The pervious concrete of claim 1, wherein the pore-forming agent is one of PVA and ammonium bicarbonate.
7. The pervious concrete of claim 1, wherein the coarse aggregate is artificial macadam with a particle size of 5-10mm, a mud content of 0.2% and a needle-like content of 4.6%.
8. The method for preparing pervious concrete of any one of claims 1 to 7, comprising the steps of:
s1, adding the admixture into 1/3 of water based on the total water consumption, heating the water to 25-30 ℃, and stirring for 20-30min to obtain a component A;
s2, uniformly stirring the cement, the coarse aggregate and the reinforcing agent to obtain a component B;
and S3, uniformly mixing the component A and the component B, adding the rest water, and continuously and uniformly stirring to obtain the pervious concrete.
9. The pervious concrete of claim 8, wherein in step S3, before component B is mixed with component a, an admixture is added to component B, the amount of the admixture is 120-50 parts, and the admixture is one or a combination of fly ash and mineral powder.
10. The pervious concrete of claim 9, wherein the fly ash is class F class ii fly ash, the fineness (45 μm square mesh screen residue) is less than or equal to 12%, the water demand ratio is 98%, the loss on ignition is less than or equal to 4.5%, the ore powder is class S95 ore powder, and the specific surface area of the ore powder is 450m2Kg, 28 days activity index 95%, fluidity 99%.
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| CN113912355A (en) * | 2021-11-23 | 2022-01-11 | 深圳市汇鑫混凝土有限公司 | High-strength recycled concrete and preparation method thereof |
| CN114507037A (en) * | 2022-02-24 | 2022-05-17 | 四川佰汇混凝土工程有限公司 | Energy-saving environment-friendly concrete and preparation process thereof |
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| CN114671637A (en) * | 2022-02-28 | 2022-06-28 | 中国矿业大学 | Preparation method of high-performance concrete containing coal gangue |
| CN115215600A (en) * | 2022-06-29 | 2022-10-21 | 湖南阿泽润新材料有限公司 | Preparation method of soil stabilizer |
| CN115626799A (en) * | 2022-10-25 | 2023-01-20 | 普宁市吉润混凝土有限公司 | Colored pervious concrete and preparation process thereof |
| CN115626799B (en) * | 2022-10-25 | 2023-12-08 | 普宁市吉润混凝土有限公司 | Color permeable concrete and preparation process thereof |
| CN115849774A (en) * | 2022-11-10 | 2023-03-28 | 昆明阳博新型建材有限公司 | Pervious concrete and preparation method thereof |
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