CN112721558A - Load-carrying self-adaptive suspension stiffness design method and suspension elastic assembly - Google Patents
Load-carrying self-adaptive suspension stiffness design method and suspension elastic assembly Download PDFInfo
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- CN112721558A CN112721558A CN202110089874.9A CN202110089874A CN112721558A CN 112721558 A CN112721558 A CN 112721558A CN 202110089874 A CN202110089874 A CN 202110089874A CN 112721558 A CN112721558 A CN 112721558A
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- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 81
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 230000003044 adaptive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
- B60G11/00—Resilient suspensions characterised by arrangement, location or kind of springs
- B60G11/32—Resilient suspensions characterised by arrangement, location or kind of springs having springs of different kinds
- B60G11/48—Resilient suspensions characterised by arrangement, location or kind of springs having springs of different kinds not including leaf springs
- B60G11/52—Resilient suspensions characterised by arrangement, location or kind of springs having springs of different kinds not including leaf springs having helical, spiral or coil springs, and also rubber springs
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
- B60G2202/00—Indexing codes relating to the type of spring, damper or actuator
- B60G2202/10—Type of spring
- B60G2202/14—Plastic spring, e.g. rubber
- B60G2202/143—Plastic spring, e.g. rubber subjected to compression
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
- B60G2204/00—Indexing codes related to suspensions per se or to auxiliary parts
- B60G2204/10—Mounting of suspension elements
- B60G2204/12—Mounting of springs or dampers
- B60G2204/125—Mounting of rubber type springs
Abstract
The invention provides a load self-adaptive suspension stiffness design method and a suspension elastic assembly, wherein the suspension elastic assembly comprises a main spring, a buffer block and a limiting block; when the vehicle is not loaded with cargos, the main spring is independently compressed, and the rigidity of the vehicle suspension is basically constant; when the vehicle bears the goods, the buffer block is in contact with the chassis and is compressed, and the rigidity of the suspension increases along with the increase of the load capacity; when the vehicle encounters impact, the limiting blocks are in contact with the chassis and are compressed to resist the impact force. The design method comprises the following steps: designing a vehicle suspension stiffness curve meeting the requirements according to the vehicle bearing requirements; designing the arrangement position of the elastic component, and determining the contact time of the buffer block and the limiting block; and determining the single stiffness curves of the main spring, the buffer block and the limiting block. The rigidity of the vehicle suspension provided by the invention can be changed in a self-adaptive manner along with the change of the vehicle load, so that the riding comfort of passengers is facilitated, and the impact damage to a vehicle body is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of vehicle suspension structure design, in particular to a load-carrying self-adaptive suspension stiffness design method and a suspension elastic assembly.
Background
The suspension is a general term for a force transmission connecting device between a frame/body and a chassis/axle of an automobile, and has the functions of transmitting forces and moments acting between wheels and the frame, such as supporting force, braking force, driving force and the like, and relieving impact transmitted to the frame from an uneven road surface and damping vibration caused by the impact so as to ensure that the automobile can run smoothly.
With the popularization of automobiles, people have not satisfied the ability to ride in a car, but have demanded comfort. Passenger comfort has become an important indicator in evaluating a vehicle, and comfort is ultimately reflected by vehicle suspension springs. At present, the suspension elastic elements of the automobile mainly include a leaf spring, an air spring, a coil spring, a torsion bar spring, and the like.
At present, for example, a dual-purpose vehicle for passenger and cargo such as a pickup truck mainly adopts a steel plate spring integral bridge type non-independent suspension frame in order to meet the cargo carrying capacity, the rigidity of the suspension frame meets the performance requirements of load bearing and off-road, but the riding comfort of passengers is sacrificed, and the riding experience is always subject to scaling.
Therefore, how to design a suspension stiffness that can satisfy both passenger comfort and cargo carrying capacity is a technical problem that needs to be solved urgently by those skilled in the art.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a load self-adaptive suspension stiffness design method and a suspension elastic assembly, wherein the stiffness of a vehicle suspension can be changed in a self-adaptive manner along with the change of the load of a vehicle, so that the purposes of comfortable riding of passengers and cargo carrying capacity are achieved.
In order to achieve the above object, a first aspect of the present invention provides a suspension elastic assembly with load adaptive suspension stiffness, including a main spring, a buffer block and a limit block;
the upper end of the main spring is connected with the frame, the lower end of the main spring is connected with the chassis, and the main spring is a linear spring with unchanged rigidity;
the upper end of the buffer block is connected with the frame, the lower end of the buffer block is suspended in the air and has a gap d1 with the chassis, the buffer block is a variable-rigidity rubber part, and the rigidity of the buffer block is increased along with the increase of the compression amount of the buffer block;
the upper end of the limiting block is connected with the frame, the lower end of the limiting block is suspended in the air and has a gap d2 with the chassis, d2 is larger than d1, the limiting block is also a variable-rigidity rubber piece, the rigidity of the limiting block is larger than that of the buffer block, and the rigidity of the limiting block is also increased along with the increase of the compression amount of the limiting block.
Preferably, the main spring is a linear coil spring.
Preferably, the buffer block is arranged in an inner cavity of the main spring.
The invention provides a load-bearing self-adaptive suspension stiffness design method, wherein an elastic element of a suspension is the elastic component; the method specifically comprises the following steps:
s1, determining the suspension stiffness of the vehicle under different load states according to vehicle parameters, and further designing a vehicle suspension stiffness curve and a bias frequency variation range which can meet the requirements of passenger comfort and cargo carrying capacity;
s2, determining the intervention time of the main spring, the buffer block and the limiting block according to the vehicle suspension stiffness curve:
when the vehicle is light in load, the main spring is compressed independently, the rigidity of the vehicle suspension is unchanged,
when the vehicle is loaded with heavy load, the buffer block is inserted, the main spring and the buffer block are compressed simultaneously, and the rigidity and the offset frequency of the vehicle suspension are changed in a self-adaptive manner along with the fluctuation of the load,
when the vehicle encounters impact, the limiting block is involved, and the main spring, the buffer block and the limiting block are compressed simultaneously;
s3, reasonably determining the arrangement positions of the main spring, the buffer block and the limiting block according to the space of the chassis, and determining a gap d1 between the lower end of the buffer block and the chassis and a gap d2 between the lower end of the limiting block and the chassis;
s4, determining the lever ratio of the main spring, the buffer block and the limit block and the rigidity ratio of the main spring, the buffer block and the limit block of the vehicle in different loading states;
s5, determining the single stiffness curves of the main spring, the buffer block and the limiting block;
s6, processing a sample piece according to the single stiffness curves of the main spring, the buffer block and the limiting block;
s7, loading a sample piece, evaluating and adjusting the actual vehicle, and adjusting and optimizing according to subjective evaluation;
s8, repeating the steps S3-S7 until the real vehicle meets the requirements of passenger comfort and cargo carrying capacity;
and S9, freezing the sample piece and performing mass production.
Further, the vehicle parameters in the step S1 include a vehicle type, a suspension form and a weight parameter.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
when the vehicle is not loaded with cargos, the vehicle is loaded lower, the linear main spring is compressed independently, and at the moment, the rigidity of the suspension is basically constant in the compression process of the vehicle suspension, so that the vehicle suspension and the shock absorber are matched to provide good riding comfort for passengers. When the vehicle carries goods, the main spring is compressed to a certain degree, the buffer block is in contact with the chassis to support the suspension, the rigidity of the buffer block is increased along with the increase of the load of the vehicle, and at the moment, the rigidity and the offset frequency of the suspension of the vehicle can be correspondingly changed to automatically adapt to the fluctuation along with the up-down fluctuation of the load of the vehicle. When the vehicle meets large impact, the buffer block is compressed to a certain degree, and the limiting block is in contact with the chassis to resist the impact force. The rigidity of the vehicle suspension designed by the invention can be changed in a self-adaptive manner along with the change of the vehicle load, thereby being beneficial to the riding comfort of passengers and reducing the impact damage to the vehicle body.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the application and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiment(s) of the application and together with the description serve to explain the application and not to limit the application. In the drawings:
fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a suspension structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of another form of suspension structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a vehicle suspension stiffness curve according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic flow chart of a design method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
reference numerals
1-a limiting block; 2-a buffer block; 3-a main spring; 4-a chassis; 5-vehicle frame.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application more clearly understood, the following further detailed description of the embodiments of the present application with reference to the drawings makes it clear that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, and are not an exhaustive list of all the embodiments. It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments in the present application may be combined with each other without conflict.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, a first aspect of the present invention provides a suspension elastic assembly with load adaptive suspension stiffness, including a main spring 3, a buffer block 2, and a limiting block 1. The upper end of the main spring 3 is connected with a frame 5 (or a vehicle body), the lower end of the main spring 3 is connected with a chassis 4 (or a vehicle axle), and the main spring 3 is a linear spring with unchanged rigidity. The upper end of buffer block 2 links to each other with frame 5, and the lower extreme of buffer block 2 is unsettled to have clearance d1 with chassis 4, and buffer block 2 is become rigidity rubber spare, and the rigidity of buffer block 2 along with by the grow of loading load and grow. The upper end of the limiting block 1 is connected with the frame 5, the lower end of the limiting block 1 is suspended in the air and has a gap d2 with the chassis 4, d2 is larger than d1, the limiting block 1 is also a variable-rigidity rubber part, the rigidity of the limiting block 1 is larger than that of the buffer block 2, and the rigidity of the limiting block 1 is also increased along with the increase of the loaded load.
Referring to fig. 3, when the vehicle is light, the vehicle is only used for people to sit or the vehicle to bear a small amount of goods, at this time, the linear main spring 1 is compressed alone, the buffer block 2 and the limiting block 1 are not in contact with the chassis 4 (or chassis part), the suspension stiffness of the vehicle is basically constant, and the vehicle can provide good riding comfort for passengers by matching with the shock absorber. At this time, the supporting main spring 3 works in the manned comfort zone.
When the vehicle has a large load, such as a load, the vehicle suspension is compressed to some extent and the bumper block 2 is in contact with the chassis 4 for providing support to the suspension. And with the continuous increase of load, the rigidity of buffer block 2 is constantly getting bigger in order to support bigger load, and vehicle suspension rigidity becomes bigger with the increase of load, is the nonlinear change. At the moment, the rigidity and the offset frequency of the vehicle suspension are adaptively changed along with the up-and-down fluctuation of the load of the vehicle, and the buffer block 2 mainly works in a load bearing area.
When the vehicle encounters large impact, the main spring 3 and the buffer block 2 cannot resist the impact force, and at the moment, the limiting block 1 is in contact with the chassis 4 to share the impact load transmitted to the vehicle body. The rigidity of the limiting block 1 is higher than that of the buffer block 2, and the rigidity of the limiting block 1 is increased along with the increase of impact so as to share larger impact load. At this time, the stopper 1 mainly works in the impact stopper region.
The embodiment shows that the suspension elastic assembly provided by the invention can self-adaptively adjust the suspension rigidity of the vehicle according to different loading conditions of the vehicle, not only can meet the comfort requirement of a low-load passenger state, but also can provide enough rigidity support during loading, and is beneficial to improving the riding comfort of passengers and reducing the impact damage to the vehicle body.
More preferably, the main spring 3 is a linear coil spring. In a specific embodiment, the buffer block 2 may be disposed in the inner cavity of the main spring 3, or may be disposed outside the main spring 3.
Referring to fig. 4, a second aspect of the present invention provides a method for designing stiffness of a load-bearing adaptive suspension, wherein an elastic element of the suspension is the above-mentioned elastic element; the method specifically comprises the following steps:
s1, determining the suspension stiffness of the vehicle under different load states according to the vehicle parameters, further designing a vehicle suspension stiffness curve and a bias frequency variation range which can meet the requirements of passenger comfort and cargo carrying capacity,
the offset frequency calculation method comprises the following steps: n ═ C/m)0.52 pi, where C is the suspension stiffness and m is the suspended mass;
s2, determining the intervention time of the main spring, the buffer block and the limiting block according to the vehicle suspension stiffness curve:
when the vehicle is light in load, the main spring is compressed independently, the rigidity of the vehicle suspension is unchanged,
when the vehicle is loaded with heavy load, the buffer block is inserted, the main spring and the buffer block are compressed simultaneously, and the rigidity and the offset frequency of the vehicle suspension are changed in a self-adaptive manner along with the fluctuation of the load,
when the vehicle encounters impact, the limiting block is involved, and the main spring, the buffer block and the limiting block are compressed simultaneously;
s3, reasonably determining the arrangement positions of the main spring, the buffer block and the limiting block according to the space of the chassis, and determining a gap d1 between the lower end of the buffer block and the chassis and a gap d2 between the lower end of the limiting block and the chassis;
s4, determining the lever ratio of the main spring, the buffer block and the limit block and the rigidity ratio of the main spring, the buffer block and the limit block of the vehicle in different loading states;
s5, determining the single stiffness curves of the main spring, the buffer block and the limiting block;
s6, processing a sample piece according to the single stiffness curves of the main spring, the buffer block and the limiting block;
s7, loading a sample piece, evaluating and adjusting the actual vehicle, and adjusting and optimizing according to subjective evaluation;
s8, repeating the steps S3-S7 until the real vehicle meets the requirements of passenger comfort and cargo carrying capacity;
and S9, freezing the sample piece and performing mass production.
Further, the vehicle parameters in the step S1 include a vehicle type, a suspension form and a weight parameter.
The technical scheme provided by the invention designs the vehicle suspension elastic assembly which can self-adaptively adjust the rigidity of the vehicle suspension according to different loads of a vehicle. When the vehicle only bears the weight of a person and is light, the linear main spring is independently compressed, the buffer block and the limiting block are not in contact with the chassis, the rigidity of the vehicle suspension is basically constant, and good riding comfort is provided for passengers; when a vehicle bears heavy load, for example, the buffer block is in contact with the chassis, the rigidity of the vehicle suspension is increased along with the increase of the load, and at the moment, the rigidity and the offset frequency of the vehicle suspension can be adaptively changed along with the up-and-down fluctuation of the load of the vehicle, so that enough support is provided for the vehicle suspension, and the cargo carrying capacity of the vehicle is met; when a vehicle is impacted greatly, the limiting block is contacted with the chassis, and the rigidity of the vehicle suspension is increased along with the increase of the impact so as to share the impact load transmitted to the vehicle body.
The invention meets the requirement of the comfort of the low-bearing (passenger) state and the bearing property of the high-bearing (cargo) state, the two states are switched to be in gradual transition, the improvement of the riding comfort of passengers is facilitated, and the impact damage to the vehicle body is reduced.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made in the present application without departing from the spirit and scope of the application. Thus, if such modifications and variations of the present application fall within the scope of the claims of the present application and their equivalents, the present application is intended to include such modifications and variations as well.
Claims (5)
1. A suspension elastic assembly with load self-adaptive suspension stiffness is characterized by comprising a main spring, a buffer block and a limiting block;
the upper end of the main spring is connected with the frame, the lower end of the main spring is connected with the chassis, and the main spring is a linear spring with unchanged rigidity;
the upper end of the buffer block is connected with the frame, the lower end of the buffer block is suspended in the air and has a gap d1 with the chassis, the buffer block is a variable-rigidity rubber part, and the rigidity of the buffer block is increased along with the increase of the loaded load;
the upper end of the limiting block is connected with the frame, the lower end of the limiting block is suspended in the air and has a gap d2 with the chassis, d2 is larger than d1, the limiting block is a variable-rigidity rubber piece, the rigidity of the limiting block is larger than that of the buffer block, and the rigidity of the limiting block is increased along with the increase of the loaded load.
2. The adaptive suspension stiffness suspension spring assembly of claim 1, wherein: the main spring is a linear coil spring.
3. The adaptive suspension stiffness design method according to claim 2, characterized in that: the buffer block is arranged in the inner cavity of the main spring.
4. A method for designing stiffness of a load-bearing adaptive suspension, wherein an elastic element of the suspension is an elastic component according to any one of claims 1 to 3; the method specifically comprises the following steps:
s1, determining the suspension stiffness of the vehicle under different load states according to vehicle parameters, and further designing a vehicle suspension stiffness curve and a bias frequency variation range which can meet the requirements of passenger comfort and cargo carrying capacity;
s2, determining the intervention time of the main spring, the buffer block and the limiting block according to the vehicle suspension stiffness curve:
when the vehicle is light in load, the main spring is compressed independently, the rigidity of the vehicle suspension is unchanged,
when the vehicle is loaded with heavy load, the buffer block is inserted, the main spring and the buffer block are compressed simultaneously, and the rigidity and the offset frequency of the vehicle suspension are changed in a self-adaptive manner along with the fluctuation of the load,
when the vehicle encounters impact, the limiting block is involved, and the main spring, the buffer block and the limiting block are compressed simultaneously;
s3, reasonably determining the arrangement positions of the main spring, the buffer block and the limiting block according to the space of the chassis, and determining a gap d1 between the lower end of the buffer block and the chassis and a gap d2 between the lower end of the limiting block and the chassis;
s4, determining the lever ratio of the main spring, the buffer block and the limit block and the rigidity ratio of the main spring, the buffer block and the limit block of the vehicle in different loading states;
s5, determining the single stiffness curves of the main spring, the buffer block and the limiting block;
s6, processing a sample piece according to the single stiffness curves of the main spring, the buffer block and the limiting block;
s7, loading a sample piece, evaluating and adjusting the actual vehicle, and adjusting and optimizing according to subjective evaluation;
s8, repeating the steps S3-S7 until the real vehicle meets the requirements of passenger comfort and cargo carrying capacity;
and S9, freezing the sample piece and performing mass production.
5. The design method for self-adaptive load carrying suspension stiffness as claimed in claim 4, wherein the vehicle parameters in the step S1 comprise vehicle type, suspension form and weight parameters.
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| CN202110089874.9A CN112721558B (en) | 2021-01-22 | 2021-01-22 | Load self-adaptive suspension stiffness design method and suspension elastic assembly |
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| CN202110089874.9A CN112721558B (en) | 2021-01-22 | 2021-01-22 | Load self-adaptive suspension stiffness design method and suspension elastic assembly |
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| CN112721558B CN112721558B (en) | 2024-01-19 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114132137A (en) * | 2021-12-10 | 2022-03-04 | 安徽江淮汽车集团股份有限公司 | Torsion beam suspension system |
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| CN106321700A (en) * | 2016-11-18 | 2017-01-11 | 中国重汽集团济南动力有限公司 | Hanging elastic element for heavy all-wheel drive off-road vehicle and design method of element |
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2021
- 2021-01-22 CN CN202110089874.9A patent/CN112721558B/en active Active
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20070013161A1 (en) * | 2003-10-09 | 2007-01-18 | Jacky Rhein | Variable-stiffness vehicle suspension system |
| US20080290572A1 (en) * | 2005-12-14 | 2008-11-27 | Renault S.A.S. | Variable-Flexibility Spring Support |
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