CN112721086A - Preparation method of degradable plastic master batch - Google Patents
Preparation method of degradable plastic master batch Download PDFInfo
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- CN112721086A CN112721086A CN202110008367.8A CN202110008367A CN112721086A CN 112721086 A CN112721086 A CN 112721086A CN 202110008367 A CN202110008367 A CN 202110008367A CN 112721086 A CN112721086 A CN 112721086A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/03—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the extruded material at extrusion
- B29C48/04—Particle-shaped
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L67/00—Compositions of polyesters obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L67/02—Polyesters derived from dicarboxylic acids and dihydroxy compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2205/00—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features
- C08L2205/02—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing two or more polymers of the same C08L -group
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of degradable plastic master batches of ecological environment degradable materials, in particular to a preparation method of a degradable plastic master batch. The preparation method of the degradable plastic master batch comprises the following steps: A. dehydrating PLA and PBAT by using a particle dehydrator, and drying the surfaces of the PLA and the PBAT by using a dryer; B. then placing the PLA, the PBAT and the modifier in the step A into a closed high-speed stirrer to be mixed, and controlling the temperature at 60 ℃ and the mixing time at 10-20 minutes in the mixing process to obtain a main material; C. and C, adjusting the parameters of the weightless feeder according to the mixture ratio, respectively adding the main material and the auxiliary agent in the step B into a screw extruder according to the proportion, melting and blending, wherein the mixing temperature is 140-170 ℃, and extruding and conveying the melted material to a granulator for granulation through the screw extruder. The invention has higher mixing efficiency, lower installation difficulty for people, convenient disassembly, assembly and maintenance, reduced cost and capability of preventing material blockage.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of degradable plastic master batches of ecological environment degradable materials, in particular to a preparation method of a degradable plastic master batch.
Background
The plastic master batch is a concentrated body prepared by carrying a plastic additive in an ultra-constant way in resin; when the plastic product is manufactured, the plastic additive is not needed to be added, and only the corresponding master batch is needed to be added. Therefore, the polymer material is one of the most main forms of plastic additives in the world at present, has good functionality and practicability, and plays a great role in social construction and daily life of people. However, environmental problems caused by the production application of the conventional polymer materials are also receiving increasing attention: firstly, the ecological environment is seriously threatened due to white pollution caused by nondegradable property of the composite material; secondly, they are generally derived from non-renewable resources such as oil, and the oil reserves around the world are limited. Therefore, the development of green environment-friendly materials is a fundamental approach to solve the problems of environmental pollution and resource exhaustion, and the degradable plastics, also called as environment-degradable plastics, refers to plastics which are added with a certain amount of additives in the production process to reduce the stability of the plastics and are then easily degraded in the natural environment, and the main application fields of the degradable plastics are agricultural mulching films, various plastic packaging bags, garbage bags, shopping bags in markets, disposable tableware and the like;
in the preparation of the existing degradable plastic master batch, a weight loss feeder is needed to continuously and quantitatively convey raw materials into a screw extruder, the weight loss feeder consists of a hopper, a feeder (single-shaft and double-shaft screw feeders), a weighing system and a regulator, and in operation, the hopper, the materials and the feeder are continuously weighed together. As the material is delivered, the true rate of weight loss is measured and compared to the desired rate of weight loss (set point). The weightless feeder (weightless feeder) automatically corrects the deviation value deviating from the set point by adjusting the speed of the feeder, so that the materials can be fed uniformly and accurately;
however, when the existing weightlessness feeder is used, a plurality of raw materials are poured into the feeder and are mixed unevenly, so that the raw materials have uneven quality;
the blanking nozzle of the feeder cannot be adjusted, so that people cannot conveniently align the blanking nozzle of the feeder with the feed inlet of the screw extruder, and the installation difficulty is increased for people;
and the feeder is inconvenient to install and disassemble.
Therefore, it is necessary to provide a method for preparing a degradable plastic masterbatch to solve the above technical problems.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a preparation method of degradable plastic master batch.
The invention provides a preparation method of degradable plastic master batches, which comprises the following steps:
A. dehydrating PLA and PBAT by using a particle dehydrator, and drying the surfaces of the PLA and the PBAT by using a dryer;
B. then placing the PLA, the PBAT and the modifier in the step A into a closed high-speed stirrer to be mixed, and controlling the temperature at 60 ℃ and the mixing time at 10-20 minutes in the mixing process to obtain a main material;
C. b, adjusting the parameters of a weightless feeder according to the mixture ratio, respectively adding the main material and the auxiliary agent in the step B into a screw extruder according to the proportion at the same time for melting and blending, wherein the mixing temperature is 140-170 ℃, and the melted material is extruded and conveyed to a granulator through the screw extruder for granulation;
wherein, the weightless feeder used in the step C comprises a weighing platform, a speed reducer, a first motor, a screw rod conveying device, a feeding nozzle device, a transition feeding device, a mixing hopper, a mixing device, a jointing device, a cover body and a feeding pipe, wherein the speed reducer is fixed at one end of the upper surface of the weighing platform, the first motor is fixed at one side of the speed reducer, the output end of the first motor is fixedly connected with the input end of the speed reducer, the screw rod conveying device is fixed at the upper surface of the weighing platform, one end of the screw rod conveying device is fixedly connected with the speed reducer, the output end of the speed reducer is fixedly connected with the input end of the screw rod conveying device, the discharging end of the screw rod conveying device is fixed with the feeding nozzle device with an adjustable angle, the transition feeding device is fixed at the feeding end of the screw rod conveying device, the mixing hopper is fixed at the top of, the middle part of the cover body is fixedly provided with a mixing device, the bottom of the mixing device is clamped with a transitional blanking device through a joint device, and feeding pipes are fixed on the top of the cover body at equal intervals;
the mixing device comprises a second rotary drum, a fixed plate, a U-shaped plate, a rotary shaft, a second motor, a first gear, a second gear, a gear ring, a third gear, a first bevel gear, a connecting shaft, a second bevel gear and a stirring paddle, wherein the middle part of the cover body is rotatably connected with the second rotary drum through a bearing, the lower end of the inner wall of the mixing hopper is fixedly provided with the fixed plate, the second rotary drum is rotatably connected with the second fixed plate through a bearing, the U-shaped plate is fixedly arranged at the middle part of the upper surface of the cover body, the middle part of the fixed plate is rotatably connected with the rotary shaft through a bearing, the rotary shaft is positioned on the inner wall of the second rotary drum, the top part of the rotary shaft is rotatably connected with the U-shaped plate through a bearing, the upper surface of the U-shaped plate is fixedly provided with the second motor, the second motor is a speed reducing motor, the output, and first gear is connected with the meshing of second gear, the second rotary drum upper end outside is fixed with the ring gear, the output of second motor is close to the one end of ring gear and is fixed with the third gear, and the third gear is connected with the ring gear meshing, pivot middle part equidistance is fixed with first bevel gear, second rotary drum surface is rotated through bearing equidistance and is connected with the connecting axle, the one end that the connecting axle is close to first bevel gear is fixed with the second bevel gear, and first bevel gear is connected with the second bevel gear meshing, the one end that first bevel gear was kept away from to the connecting axle is fixed with the stirring rake.
Preferably, the transition blanking device comprises a transition hopper, a driving box, a first rotating rod, a third bevel gear, a second rotating rod, a fourth bevel gear and a first stirring rod, the feed inlet of the screw conveying device is fixedly provided with the transition hopper, the middle part of the inner wall of the transition hopper is fixedly provided with the driving box, the inner wall of the driving box is rotatably connected with the first rotating rod through a bearing, two ends of the first rotating rod are rotatably connected with the inner wall of the driving box through bearings, the first rotating rod is positioned on the inner wall of the driving box and is fixedly provided with the third bevel gear, the top of the driving box is rotatably connected with the second rotating rod through a bearing, the bottom of the second rotating rod is fixedly provided with the fourth bevel gear, the third bevel gear is meshed with the fourth bevel gear and is connected with the first stirring rod, and two ends of the first rotating rod are.
Preferably, the jointing device includes inserted block, slot, fixed block, spout, slider, spacing, spring, guide way and guide block, the second bull stick top is fixed with the inserted block, the slot has been seted up at the inserted block top, the pivot bottom is fixed with the fixed block, the spout has been seted up to the fixed block lower surface, spout inner wall sliding connection has the slider, the slider bottom is fixed with spacing, and spacing is pegged graft with the slot inner wall, spout inner wall top is fixed with the spring, and spring bottom and slider fixed connection, the guide way has been seted up to spout inner wall symmetry, the slider both ends symmetry is fixed with the guide block, and guide block and guide way sliding connection.
Preferably, the blanking nozzle device comprises a first rotary drum, a blanking pipe, a worm wheel ring, a fixing ring, L-shaped plates, a worm and a knob, the outer side of one end, far away from the speed reducer, of the screw conveying device is rotatably connected with the first rotary drum through a bearing, the blanking pipe is fixed at one end of the first rotary drum, the worm wheel ring is fixed at the outer side of the first rotary drum, the fixing ring is fixed at one end, close to the worm wheel ring, of the screw conveying device, the L-shaped plates are symmetrically fixed at the outer sides of the fixing ring, the worm is fixed at one ends, close to the worm wheel ring, of the two L-shaped plates, the worm is meshed with the worm wheel ring, and the knob is fixed at one end.
Preferably, one end of the rotating shaft close to the fixed block is symmetrically fixed with a second stirring rod.
Preferably, the first gear has a larger diameter than the second gear, and the gear ring has a larger diameter than the third gear.
Preferably, chamfers are arranged at the top of the inserting block and the bottom of the limiting strip.
Preferably, the mixing hopper is in a conical arrangement, the stirring paddles gradually decrease from top to bottom along with the mixing hopper, the upper end of the second rotary drum and the stirring paddles at the middle part of the second rotary drum are in a hollow arrangement, and the stirring paddles at the lower end of the second rotary drum are in a solid arrangement.
Compared with the related technology, the preparation method of the degradable plastic master batch provided by the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention provides a preparation method of degradable plastic master batch, which comprises the following steps:
1. through the mixing device, the stirring paddle can rotate when rotating around the rotating shaft, so that the mixing efficiency is improved;
2. the worm and gear mechanism is driven by the knob to drive the discharging pipe to adjust the angle, so that the discharging pipe can be conveniently aligned with the screw extruder, people can align the discharging pipe with the screw extruder without accurately controlling the installation position of the device, and the installation difficulty of people is reduced;
3. the mixing device and the transition blanking device are connected through the connecting device, so that quick splicing can be realized, no redundant operation is required during disassembly, the mixing device can be directly pulled out, and the disassembly, the assembly and the maintenance are convenient;
4. the first stirring rod in the transition blanking device is driven to rotate by the mixing device and the jointing device, so that the cost is reduced, and material blockage can be prevented.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an overall structure provided by the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a second schematic view of the overall structure provided by the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the overall internal structure provided by the present invention;
FIG. 4 is an enlarged view taken at A in FIG. 2;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a mixing device according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a stirring paddle according to the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a first gear configuration provided by the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of a fixing plate according to the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic structural view of a transition blanking device provided by the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic view of the internal structure of the transition blanking device provided by the present invention;
fig. 11 is a schematic cross-sectional structural view of the joining device provided in the present invention.
Reference numbers in the figures: 1. a weighing platform; 2. a speed reducer; 3. a first motor; 4. a screw conveyor; 5. a feed nozzle device; 51. a first rotating drum; 52. a discharging pipe; 53. a worm-gear ring; 54. a fixing ring; 55. an L-shaped plate; 56. a worm; 57. a knob; 6. a transitional blanking device; 61. a transition hopper; 62. a drive box; 63. a first rotating lever; 64. a third bevel gear; 65. a second rotating rod; 66. a fourth bevel gear; 67. a first stirring rod; 7. a mixing hopper; 8. a mixing device; 81. a second rotating drum; 82. a fixing plate; 83. a U-shaped plate; 84. a rotating shaft; 85. a second motor; 86. a first gear; 87. a second gear; 88. a gear ring; 89. a third gear; 810. a first bevel gear; 811. a connecting shaft; 812. a second bevel gear; 813. a stirring paddle; 814. a second stirring rod; 9. an engaging device; 91. inserting a block; 92. a slot; 93. a fixed block; 94. a chute; 95. a slider; 96. a limiting strip; 97. a spring; 98. a guide groove; 99. a guide block; 10. a cover body; 11. and (4) feeding a pipe.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and embodiments.
In a specific implementation process, as shown in fig. 1, fig. 2 and fig. 3, a method for preparing a degradable plastic masterbatch includes the following steps:
A. dehydrating PLA and PBAT by using a particle dehydrator, and drying the surfaces of the PLA and the PBAT by using a dryer;
B. then placing the PLA, the PBAT and the modifier in the step A into a closed high-speed stirrer to be mixed, and controlling the temperature at 60 ℃ and the mixing time at 10-20 minutes in the mixing process to obtain a main material; in the embodiment, the components are 100 parts of PLA, 120 parts of PBAT and 30 parts of modifier by weight;
C. b, adjusting the parameters of a weightless feeder according to the mixture ratio, respectively adding the main material and the auxiliary agent in the step B into a screw extruder according to the proportion at the same time for melting and blending, wherein the mixing temperature is 140-170 ℃, and the melted material is extruded and conveyed to a granulator through the screw extruder for granulation;
wherein, the skilled in the art should know that PLA is polylactic acid for short, also called polylactide, and is a polyester polymer obtained by polymerizing lactic acid as a main raw material, PBAT belongs to thermoplastic biodegradable plastic, is a copolymer of butylene adipate and butylene terephthalate, has the characteristics of PBA and PBT, and has better ductility and elongation at break as well as better heat resistance and impact performance; both of them have excellent biodegradability, the PLA and PBAT used in this example both use related products of eastern guan universe environmental protection technology ltd, and the modifier is selected from corn starch, which can be raw starch or methoxy starch, provided by basf corporation.
Wherein, the weightless feeder used in the step C comprises a weighing platform 1, a speed reducer 2, a first motor 3, a screw rod conveying device 4, a blanking nozzle device 5, a transition blanking device 6, a mixing hopper 7, a mixing device 8, a joint device 9, a cover body 10 and a feeding pipe 11, wherein the speed reducer 2 is fixed at one end of the upper surface of the weighing platform 1, the first motor 3 is fixed at one side of the speed reducer 2, the output end of the first motor 3 is fixedly connected with the input end of the speed reducer 2, the screw rod conveying device 4 is fixed at the upper surface of the weighing platform 1, one end of the screw rod conveying device 4 is fixedly connected with the speed reducer 2, the output end of the speed reducer 2 is fixedly connected with the input end of the screw rod conveying device 4, the blanking nozzle device 5 with adjustable angle is fixed at the discharge end of the screw rod conveying device 4, the transition blanking device 6 is fixed at the feeding end of the screw, a cover body 10 is fixed on the top of the mixing hopper 7, a mixing device 8 is fixed in the middle of the cover body 10, the bottom of the mixing device 8 is connected with a transitional blanking device 6 in a clamping mode through a joint device 9, feeding pipes 11 are fixed on the top of the cover body 10 at equal intervals, a screw extruder is fed through a weightless feeder, weighing can be carried out through a weighing platform 1, blanking can be carried out through a screw conveying device 4 in a matching mode, quantitative continuous feeding is achieved, the weighing platform 1 and the screw conveying device 4 are basic devices of existing weightless feeders, the technology is disclosed, and details are not given in principle;
referring to fig. 5, 6, 7 and 8, the mixing device 8 includes a second drum 81, a fixing plate 82, a U-shaped plate 83, a rotation shaft 84, a second motor 85, a first gear 86, a second gear 87, a gear ring 88, a third gear 89, a first bevel gear 810, a connecting shaft 811, a second bevel gear 812 and a stirring paddle 813, the second drum 81 is rotatably connected to the middle of the cover 10 through a bearing, the fixing plate 82 is fixed to the lower end of the inner wall of the mixing hopper 7, the second drum 81 is rotatably connected to the second fixing plate 82 through a bearing, the U-shaped plate 83 is fixed to the middle of the upper surface of the cover 10, the rotation shaft 84 is rotatably connected to the middle of the fixing plate 82 through a bearing, the rotation shaft 84 is located on the inner wall of the second drum 81, the top of the rotation shaft 84 is rotatably connected to the U-shaped plate 83 through a bearing, the second motor 85 is fixed to the upper surface of the U-shaped, the output torque is improved, the output end of the second motor 85 penetrates through the U-shaped plate 83 and is fixed with the first gear 86, one end of the rotating shaft 84 close to the first gear 86 is fixed with the second gear 87, the first gear 86 is in meshed connection with the second gear 87, the outer side of the upper end of the second rotating drum 81 is fixed with the gear ring 88, one end of the output end of the second motor 85 close to the gear ring 88 is fixed with the third gear 89, the third gear 89 is in meshed connection with the gear ring 88, the middle part of the rotating shaft 84 is equidistantly fixed with the first bevel gears 810, the diameter of the first gear 86 is larger than that of the second gear 87, the diameter of the gear ring 88 is larger than that of the third gear 89, the rotating speed of the rotating shaft 84 is larger than that of the second rotating drum 81, so that a speed difference is formed between the rotating shaft 84 and the second rotating drum 81, and further, the second bevel gear 812 on the rotating shaft 811 rotates on the first bevel gear 810 on the, the surface of the second drum 81 is connected with a connecting shaft 811 in an equidistance rotation manner through a bearing, one end of the connecting shaft 811 close to the first bevel gear 810 is fixed with a second bevel gear 812, the first bevel gear 810 is meshed with the second bevel gear 812, one end of the connecting shaft 811 far away from the first bevel gear 810 is fixed with a stirring paddle 813, one end of the rotating shaft 84 close to the fixed block 93 is symmetrically fixed with a second stirring rod 814, the first gear 86 and the third gear 89 are driven to rotate by the rotation of the second motor 85, so that the first gear 86 drives the second gear 87 to rotate, and further drives the rotating shaft 84 to rotate, and the third gear 89 rotates to drive the gear ring 88 to rotate, and further drives the second drum 81 to rotate, and further drives the connecting shaft 811 on the second drum 81 to rotate by taking the rotating shaft 84 as a center, and further drives the stirring to rotate, and the rotating shaft 84 and the second drum 81 both rotate simultaneously, and the diameter, the diameter of the gear ring 88 is greater than that of the third gear 89, so that the rotation speed of the rotating shaft 84 is greater than that of the second rotating drum 81, so that a speed difference is formed between the rotating shaft 84 and the second rotating drum 81, and further, the second bevel gear 812 on the connecting shaft 811 rotates on the first bevel gear 810 on the rotating shaft 84, so that the first bevel gear 810 drives the second bevel gear 812 to rotate, and further, the connecting shaft 811 drives the stirring paddles 813 to rotate around the connecting shaft 811, and the rotation directions of the two symmetrical stirring paddles 813 are opposite, so as to sufficiently mix the raw materials in the mixing hopper 7, and the second stirring rod 814 at the bottom of the rotating shaft 84 can stir the mixture hopper 7 and the transition hopper 61, thereby preventing the raw materials from blocking the bottom of the mixing hopper 7.
Referring to fig. 9 and 10, the transition blanking device 6 includes a transition bucket 61, a driving box 62, a first rotating rod 63, a third bevel gear 64, a second rotating rod 65, a fourth bevel gear 66 and a first stirring rod 67, the transition bucket 61 is fixed at the feed inlet of the screw conveyor 4, the driving box 62 is fixed at the middle part of the inner wall of the transition bucket 61, the first rotating rod 63 is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the driving box 62 through a bearing, both ends of the first rotating rod 63 are rotatably connected to the inner wall of the driving box 62 through bearings, the third bevel gear 64 is fixed at the inner wall of the driving box 62 of the first rotating rod 63, the second rotating rod 65 is rotatably connected to the top of the driving box 62 through a bearing, the fourth bevel gear 66 is fixed at the bottom of the second rotating rod 65, the third bevel gear 64 is engaged with the fourth bevel gear 66, the first stirring rod 67 is symmetrically fixed at both ends of the first rotating rod 63, the second rotating rod 65 can be driven to rotate by the rotating shaft 84 through the, make second bull stick 65 drive fourth bevel gear 66 and rotate, and then can drive third bevel gear 64 and rotate for third bevel gear 64 drives first bull stick 63 rotatoryly, and then can drive the first puddler 67 rotation at first bull stick 63 both ends, and the material of fighting 61 in the transition is stirred, can prevent that the material from piling up and blockking up in the transition is fought 61.
Referring to fig. 6, 10 and 11, the joining device 9 includes an insert block 91, a slot 92, a fixed block 93, a sliding groove 94, a sliding block 95, a limit strip 96, a spring 97, a guide groove 98 and a guide block 99, the insert block 91 is fixed on the top of the second rotating rod 65, the slot 92 is formed on the top of the insert block 91, the fixed block 93 is fixed on the bottom of the rotating shaft 84, the sliding groove 94 is formed on the lower surface of the fixed block 93, the sliding block 95 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the sliding groove 94, the limit strip 96 is fixed on the bottom of the sliding block 95, the limit strip 96 is inserted into the inner wall of the slot 92, chamfers are formed on the top of the insert block 91 and the bottom of the limit strip 96, so that the insert block 91 can be conveniently inserted into the inner wall of the sliding groove 94, the spring 97 is fixed on the top of the inner wall of the sliding groove 94, the bottom of the spring, and the guide block 99 is connected with the guide groove 98 in a sliding manner, the slide block 95 can be limited by arranging the guide block 99 and the guide groove 98, and the slide block 95 is prevented from rotating, when people install the mixing hopper 7 on the transition hopper 61, the fixed block 93 on the rotating shaft 84 is positioned right above the insertion block 91, so that the insertion block 91 is inserted into the sliding groove 94, if the insertion groove 92 is exactly aligned with the limit strip 96, the limit strip 96 is just inserted into the insertion groove 92, if the limit strip 96 is not overlapped with the insertion groove 92, the limit strip 96 is blocked by the insertion block 91, and the spring 97 can be extruded by the slide block 95, so that the slide block 95 can slide and avoid, when the second motor 85 rotates, the rotating shaft 84 is driven to rotate, the fixed block 93 is driven to rotate, so that the fixed block 93 drives the slide block 95 limited by the guide block 99 and the guide groove 98 to rotate, so that the limit strip 96 on the slide block 95 rotates until, slider 95 slides downwards under spring 97's elasticity, and then can drive spacing 96 card and advance in slot 92 for slider 95 and inserted block 91 joint, and then make fixed block 93 rotatory can drive inserted block 91 rotatory, make pivot 84 can drive second bull stick 65 rotatory, make people when installing mixing arrangement 8, need not the butt joint of carelessness, easy to assemble, and can directly demolish mixing arrangement 8 when dismantling, make things convenient for people to dismantle the maintenance.
Referring to fig. 2 and 4, the feeding nozzle device 5 includes a first drum 51, a feeding pipe 52, a worm gear ring 53, a fixing ring 54, L-shaped plates 55, a worm 56, and a knob 57, the first drum 51 is rotatably connected to an outer side of one end of the screw conveyor 4 away from the speed reducer 2 through a bearing, the feeding pipe 52 is fixed to one end of the first drum 51, the worm gear ring 53 is fixed to an outer side of the first drum 51, the fixing ring 54 is fixed to one end of the screw conveyor 4 close to the worm gear ring 53, the L-shaped plates 55 are symmetrically fixed to an outer side of the fixing ring 54, the worm 56 is fixed to one end of the two L-shaped plates 55 close to the worm gear ring 53, the worm 56 is meshed with the worm gear ring 53, the worm gear has a self-locking function, the feeding pipe 52 can maintain an angle, the knob 57 is fixed to one end of the worm 56 passes through the L-shaped plate 55, the knob 57 is in, and then drive worm-gear ring 53 to rotate, and then can drive first rotary drum 51 and rotate, realize adjusting the angle of unloading pipe 52, make things convenient for unloading pipe 52 to aim at the feed inlet of screw extruder.
Referring to fig. 6, the mixing hopper 7 is tapered, and the stirring paddle 813 is gradually reduced from top to bottom along with the mixing hopper 7, wherein the stirring paddles 813 at the upper end and the middle part of the second rotating cylinder 81 are hollow, and the stirring paddle 813 at the lower end of the second rotating cylinder 81 is solid, so as to adapt to the mixing hopper 7, and the stirring paddle 813 is hollow, thereby reducing resistance during stirring.
The working principle is as follows:
when the weightless feeder is used, a screw extruder is loaded through the weightless feeder, weighing can be carried out through the weighing platform 1, and blanking is carried out by matching with the screw conveying device 4 so as to achieve quantitative continuous feeding, wherein the weighing platform 1 and the screw conveying device 4 are basic devices of the existing weightless feeder, are a disclosed technology and are not repeated in principle;
when feeding, people input raw materials and additives into the mixing hopper 7 through the feeding pipe 11, and there are three feeding pipes 11, different raw materials or additives can be respectively added, the rotation of the second motor 85 drives the first gear 86 and the third gear 89 to rotate, so that the first gear 86 drives the second gear 87 to rotate, and further drives the rotating shaft 84 to rotate, the rotation of the third gear 89 drives the gear ring 88 to rotate, and further drives the second rotating drum 81 to rotate, and further drives the connecting shaft 811 on the second rotating drum 81 and the rotating shaft 84 to rotate as a center, and further drives the stirring to rotate, and the rotating shaft 84 and the second rotating drum 81 rotate simultaneously, and the diameter of the first gear 86 is larger than that of the second gear 87, the diameter of the gear ring 88 is larger than that of the third gear 89, so that the rotating speed of the rotating shaft 84 is larger than that of the second rotating drum 81, and a speed difference is formed between the rotating shaft 84 and the second rotating, the second bevel gear 812 on the connecting shaft 811 rotates on the first bevel gear 810 on the rotating shaft 84, so that the first bevel gear 810 drives the second bevel gear 812 to rotate, the connecting shaft 811 drives the stirring paddles 813 to rotate around the connecting shaft 811, the rotation directions of the two symmetrical stirring paddles 813 are opposite, the raw materials in the mixing hopper 7 are sufficiently mixed, and the second stirring rod 814 at the bottom of the rotating shaft 84 can stir the mixture between the mixing hopper 7 and the transition hopper 61, so that the raw materials are prevented from blocking the bottom of the mixing hopper 7;
the rotating shaft 84 can drive the second rotating rod 65 to rotate through the joint device 9, so that the second rotating rod 65 drives the fourth bevel gear 66 to rotate, and further can drive the third bevel gear 64 to rotate, so that the third bevel gear 64 drives the first rotating rod 63 to rotate, and further can drive the first stirring rods 67 at two ends of the first rotating rod 63 to rotate, so as to stir the materials in the transition hopper 61, and prevent the materials from being accumulated in the transition hopper 61 to be blocked, and the rotating shaft 84 is connected with the second rotating rod 65 through the joint device 9;
when the mixing bucket 7 is installed on the transition bucket 61, when people install the mixing bucket 7 on the transition bucket 61, the fixing block 93 on the rotating shaft 84 is positioned right above the inserting block 91, so that the inserting block 91 is inserted into the sliding groove 94, if the inserting groove 92 is exactly aligned with the limiting strip 96, the limiting strip 96 is exactly inserted into the inserting groove 92, if the limiting strip 96 is not overlapped with the inserting groove 92, the limiting strip 96 is blocked by the inserting block 91, and then the spring 97 can be extruded through the sliding block 95, so that the sliding block 95 can slide to avoid, when the second motor 85 rotates, the rotating shaft 84 is driven to rotate, and then the fixing block 93 is driven to rotate, so that the fixing block 93 drives the sliding block 95 limited by the guide block 99 and the guide groove 98 to rotate, so that the limiting strip 96 on the sliding block 95 rotates, until the limiting strip 96 rotates to be overlapped with the inserting groove 92, the sliding block 95 can slide downwards under the elastic force of the spring 97, so, the fixing block 93 can rotate to drive the inserting block 91 to rotate, the rotating shaft 84 can drive the second rotating rod 65 to rotate, people do not need to butt intentionally when installing the mixing device 8, the mixing device 8 is convenient to install, the mixing device 8 can be directly disassembled during disassembly, and the disassembly and maintenance are convenient for people;
and the worm 56 is driven to rotate by the rotary knob 57, so that the worm wheel ring 53 is driven to rotate, and the first rotary drum 51 can be driven to rotate, the angle of the feeding pipe 52 can be adjusted, and the feeding pipe 52 can be conveniently aligned to a feeding hole of the screw extruder.
The above description is only an embodiment of the present invention, and not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all modifications of equivalent structures and equivalent processes, which are made by using the contents of the present specification and the accompanying drawings, or directly or indirectly applied to other related technical fields, are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. The preparation method of the degradable plastic master batch is characterized by comprising the following steps:
A. dehydrating PLA and PBAT by using a particle dehydrator, and drying the surfaces of the PLA and the PBAT by using a dryer;
B. then placing the PLA, the PBAT and the modifier in the step A into a closed high-speed stirrer to be mixed, and controlling the temperature at 60 ℃ and the mixing time at 10-20 minutes in the mixing process to obtain a main material;
C. b, adjusting the parameters of a weightless feeder according to the mixture ratio, respectively adding the main material and the auxiliary agent in the step B into a screw extruder according to the proportion at the same time for melting and blending, wherein the mixing temperature is 140-170 ℃, and the melted material is extruded and conveyed to a granulator through the screw extruder for granulation;
wherein, in the step C, the weightless feeder comprises a weighing platform (1), a speed reducer (2), a first motor (3), a screw rod conveying device (4), a feeding nozzle device (5), a transition feeding device (6), a mixing hopper (7), a mixing device (8), a jointing device (9), a cover body (10) and a feeding pipe (11), the speed reducer (2) is fixed at one end of the upper surface of the weighing platform (1), the first motor (3) is fixed at one side of the speed reducer (2), the output end of the first motor (3) is fixedly connected with the input end of the speed reducer (2), the screw rod conveying device (4) is fixed at the upper surface of the weighing platform (1), one end of the screw rod conveying device (4) is fixedly connected with the speed reducer (2), the output end of the speed reducer (2) is fixedly connected with the input end of the screw rod conveying device (4), the discharging end of the screw rod conveying device (4) is fixed with the feeding nozzle device (5) with an, a transition blanking device (6) is fixed at the feed end of the screw conveying device (4), a mixing hopper (7) is fixed at the top of the transition blanking device (6), a cover body (10) is fixed at the top of the mixing hopper (7), a mixing device (8) is fixed in the middle of the cover body (10), the bottom of the mixing device (8) is clamped with the transition blanking device (6) through a joint device (9), and feeding pipes (11) are fixed at the top of the cover body (10) at equal intervals;
the mixing device (8) comprises a second rotating drum (81), a fixing plate (82), a U-shaped plate (83), a rotating shaft (84), a second motor (85), a first gear (86), a second gear (87), a gear ring (88), a third gear (89), a first bevel gear (810), a connecting shaft (811), a second bevel gear (812) and a stirring paddle (813), wherein the middle part of the cover body (10) is rotatably connected with the second rotating drum (81) through a bearing, the fixing plate (82) is fixed at the lower end of the inner wall of the mixing hopper (7), the second rotating drum (81) is rotatably connected with the second fixing plate (82) through a bearing, the U-shaped plate (83) is fixed at the middle part of the upper surface of the cover body (10), the rotating shaft (84) is rotatably connected at the middle part of the fixing plate (82) through a bearing, the rotating shaft (84) is positioned on the inner wall of the second rotating drum (81), and the top of the, a second motor (85) is fixed on the upper surface of the U-shaped plate (83), the second motor (85) is a speed reduction motor, the output end of the second motor (85) penetrates through the U-shaped plate (83) and is fixed with a first gear (86), one end, close to the first gear (86), of the rotating shaft (84) is fixed with a second gear (87), the first gear (86) is meshed with the second gear (87) and is connected with the second gear, a gear ring (88) is fixed on the outer side of the upper end of the second rotating drum (81), one end, close to the gear ring (88), of the output end of the second motor (85) is fixed with a third gear (89), the third gear (89) is meshed with the gear ring (88) and is connected with the first bevel gears (810) at equal intervals in the middle of the rotating shaft (84), the surface of the second rotating drum (81) is connected with a connecting shaft (811) in an equal-interval rotation mode through bearings, and one end, close to the first bevel gear (810), of the connecting, and the first bevel gear (810) is meshed with the second bevel gear (812), and one end of the connecting shaft (811) far away from the first bevel gear (810) is fixedly provided with a stirring paddle (813).
2. The preparation method of the degradable plastic masterbatch according to claim 1, wherein the transition blanking device (6) comprises a transition hopper (61), a driving box (62), a first rotating rod (63), a third bevel gear (64), a second rotating rod (65), a fourth bevel gear (66) and a first stirring rod (67), the transition hopper (61) is fixed at a feed inlet of the screw conveying device (4), the driving box (62) is fixed at the middle part of the inner wall of the transition hopper (61), the first rotating rod (63) is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the driving box (62) through a bearing, two ends of the first rotating rod (63) are rotatably connected to the inner wall of the driving box (62) through a bearing, the third bevel gear (64) is fixed to the inner wall of the driving box (62) through the first rotating rod (63), the second rotating rod (65) is rotatably connected to the top of the driving box (62) through a bearing, a fourth bevel gear (66) is fixed at the bottom of the second rotating rod (65), the third bevel gear (64) is meshed with the fourth bevel gear (66), and first stirring rods (67) are symmetrically fixed at two ends of the first rotating rod (63).
3. The preparation method of the degradable plastic masterbatch according to claim 2, wherein the jointing device (9) comprises an insert block (91), a slot (92), a fixing block (93), a sliding groove (94), a sliding block (95), a limiting strip (96), a spring (97), a guide groove (98) and a guide block (99), the insert block (91) is fixed on the top of the second rotating rod (65), the slot (92) is formed on the top of the insert block (91), the fixing block (93) is fixed on the bottom of the rotating shaft (84), the sliding groove (94) is formed on the lower surface of the fixing block (93), the sliding block (95) is connected on the inner wall of the sliding groove (94) in a sliding manner, the limiting strip (96) is fixed on the bottom of the sliding block (95), the limiting strip (96) is inserted into the inner wall of the slot (92), the spring (97) is fixed on the top of the inner wall of the sliding groove (94), and the bottom of, guide grooves (98) are symmetrically formed in the inner wall of the sliding groove (94), guide blocks (99) are symmetrically fixed to two ends of the sliding block (95), and the guide blocks (99) are connected with the guide grooves (98) in a sliding mode.
4. The method for preparing the degradable plastic masterbatch according to claim 1, wherein the feeding nozzle device (5) comprises a first rotary drum (51), a feeding pipe (52), a worm-gear ring (53), a fixing ring (54), an L-shaped plate (55), a worm (56) and a knob (57), the first rotary drum (51) is rotatably connected to the outer side of one end of the screw conveying device (4) far away from the speed reducer (2) through a bearing, the feeding pipe (52) is fixed to one end of the first rotary drum (51), the worm-gear ring (53) is fixed to the outer side of the first rotary drum (51), the fixing ring (54) is fixed to one end of the screw conveying device (4) close to the worm-gear ring (53), the L-shaped plates (55) are symmetrically fixed to the outer side of the fixing ring (54), and the worm (56) is fixed to one ends of the two L-shaped plates (55) close to the worm-gear ring (53), and the worm (56) is meshed with the worm wheel ring (53), and one end of the worm (56) penetrates through the L-shaped plate (55) and is fixed with a knob (57).
5. The method for preparing the degradable plastic masterbatch according to claim 3, wherein a second stirring rod (814) is symmetrically fixed at one end of the rotating shaft (84) close to the fixed block (93).
6. The method for preparing the degradable plastic masterbatch according to claim 1, wherein the first gear (86) has a larger diameter than the second gear (87) and the gear ring (88) has a larger diameter than the third gear (89).
7. The method for preparing the degradable plastic masterbatch according to claim 3, wherein chamfers are formed at the top of the insert block (91) and the bottom of the limiting strip (96).
8. The method for preparing the degradable plastic masterbatch according to claim 1, wherein the mixing hopper (7) is tapered, and the stirring paddles (813) are gradually reduced from top to bottom along with the mixing hopper (7), wherein the stirring paddles (813) at the upper end and the middle part of the second rotating cylinder (81) are hollow, and the stirring paddles (813) at the lower end of the second rotating cylinder (81) are solid.
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| CN202110008367.8A CN112721086A (en) | 2021-01-05 | 2021-01-05 | Preparation method of degradable plastic master batch |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116160610A (en) * | 2022-12-20 | 2023-05-26 | 江苏融汇环境工程有限公司 | Quick ball-separating forming device and forming method thereof |
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| JPS59214605A (en) * | 1983-05-19 | 1984-12-04 | Matetsukusu Kk | Apparatus for metering and blending plastic material |
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| CN116160610A (en) * | 2022-12-20 | 2023-05-26 | 江苏融汇环境工程有限公司 | Quick ball-separating forming device and forming method thereof |
| CN116160610B (en) * | 2022-12-20 | 2023-10-03 | 江苏融汇环境工程有限公司 | Quick ball-separating forming device and forming method thereof |
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