CN112719323A

CN112719323A - Turret tool rest

Info

Publication number: CN112719323A
Application number: CN202011610705.7A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 贺子龙; 石鑫; 葛建伟; 韩照; 高兆春; 卫连生; 姬志恒
Original assignee: Headman Shanghai Automation Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Headman Shanghai Automation Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2020-12-30
Filing date: 2020-12-30
Publication date: 2021-04-30

Abstract

The invention provides a turret tool rest, and belongs to the technical field of machine tools. The turret tool rest solves the problems that the existing turret tool rest is insufficient in use reliability and the like. This capstan head knife rest, including the base body, install rotatable commentaries on classics tower body on the base body, be fixed with the cutter holder subassembly on the commentaries on classics tower body, the cutter handle hole has on the cutter holder subassembly, air inlet channel has been seted up in the base body, air inlet channel includes can change the inlet port one of tower body with the inlet port one of air supply intercommunication and orientation, set up the air outlet channel with handle of a knife hole intercommunication in the cutter holder subassembly, air channel has been seted up in the capstan head body, air channel includes air outlet one and the air inlet of crossing of base body of orientation that cross air outlet channel communicates one, and rotate the commentaries on classics tower body and can make air inlet one and air outlet one dock the intercommunication or stagger and cut. The turret tool post improves the reliability of use.

Description

Turret tool rest

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of machine tools, and relates to a turret tool rest.

Background

With the complication of machining of workpieces, turret tool holders capable of mounting a plurality of tools are widely used in machine tools. The turret tool rest comprises a rotatable cutter head, a plurality of cutters are fixed on the circumference of the cutter head, and the cutters are switched by rotating the cutter head in the machining process of the machine tool. However, the number of tools mounted on the turret tool rest is limited, and when a workpiece to be machined needs to be machined by a tool changer or a tool changer, the tool changer needs to be used for machining or changing the tool. A plurality of machine tools are required to be equipped for machine tool replacement, and workpieces need to be repositioned and installed after the machine tools are replaced, so that the machining quality and the machining efficiency are influenced. When the tool changing machine is used for tool changing, the machine needs to be stopped and the tools need to be replaced manually, and the machining efficiency can be influenced.

The chinese patent literature document discloses a vertical turret lathe, and the application number: CN 201010157594.9; publication No.: CN 101850427a ], comprising a turret tool rest located in the machining area and an automatic tool changer located outside the machining area, wherein a tool holder is mounted on the tool mounting portion of the turret tool rest, and the automatic tool changer can automatically change the tool with respect to the tool holder. The tool holder unit is installed in the tool holder, the tool holder unit is provided with a tool shank hole opposite to the tool shank, a pair of clamping jaws capable of moving along the axial direction are installed in the tool shank hole and connected with the piston, and a pair of hydraulic ports are formed in the tool holder unit in a manner of clamping the piston. The tool holder is also provided with a pair of pins that can be mechanically operated. The automatic tool changer includes a tool magazine and a pair of cylinders for alternately pressing pins of a tool holder, and by pressing one of the pins, hydraulic oil is supplied to one of the hydraulic ports, the jaw retreats together with the piston to clamp a shank of a tool inserted into the shank hole, and by pressing the other pin, hydraulic oil is supplied to the other hydraulic port, and the piston and the jaw advance to release the shank.

In the turret lathe, in order to avoid interference caused by machining of adjacent tools by tools on the tool holder, the tools on the tool holder can be detached and temporarily stored in the tool magazine, at the moment, the tool shank hole is exposed, when other tools on the turret tool rest are used for cutting machining, cuttings and oil mist can easily enter the tool shank hole, the cuttings are attached to the hole wall surface and the clamping jaw of the tool shank hole, at the moment, when the tool shank of the tools is inserted into the tool shank hole again for fixing, the cuttings can cause the tools to be positioned inaccurately, errors of the tool mounting positions are increased, the machining quality of products is affected, even the tools cannot be fixed in the tool holder, and machining operation cannot be completed. Therefore, the turret tool rest in the lathe is easy to break down, and the use reliability is insufficient.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a turret tool rest aiming at the problems in the prior art, and solves the technical problem that the existing turret tool rest is insufficient in use reliability.

The purpose of the invention can be realized by the following technical scheme:

the utility model provides a turret tool rest, includes the base member, install rotatable turret body on the base member, be fixed with the cutter holder subassembly on the turret body, the cutter handle hole has on the cutter holder subassembly, a serial communication port, set up inlet channel in the base member, inlet channel is including the inlet port one that can communicate with the air supply and the inlet outlet one that changes the tower body towards, set up the outlet channel who communicates with the cutter handle hole in the cutter holder subassembly, the gas channel has been seted up in the turret body, the gas channel includes the gas outlet one of crossing that communicates with the outlet channel and the gas inlet one of crossing towards the base member, and rotates the turret body and can make gas inlet one and inlet outlet one dock the intercommunication or stagger and cut off.

When the turret tool rest is used, the first air inlet is communicated with an air source through an external air inlet pipe. The turret body is rotated, when the first air inlet is communicated with the first air inlet in a butt joint mode, the first air passage is communicated with the air inlet passage, the first air passage and the air outlet passage form an air blowing air passage, and an air source can blow air to the handle hole through the air blowing air passage.

Generally, the gas circuit is ensured to be in a continuous communication state to guarantee reliability, although the turret body and the base body can rotate relatively to enable the gas inlet channel and the gas passing channel to be staggered and separated, so that the gas blowing gas circuit is not maintained in a continuous communication state, the turret tool rest can ensure the use reliability instead; because the air inlet channel which can be communicated with the air source is arranged in the base body, the base body can not rotate, the distortion of the external air inlet pipe is avoided, the smoothness of the external air inlet pipe is ensured, and the occurrence of faults is reduced; meanwhile, the gas passing channel is arranged in the turret body, and the turret body can rotate, so that the gas passing channel can be communicated with the gas inlet channel only at one circumferential position of the turret body, and after the turret body position when the gas passing channel is communicated with the gas inlet channel is set as a tool changing position, the influence of gas blowing when a tool is not changed on the fixing stability of the tool in the tool holder is avoided, and the use reliability of the turret tool rest is ensured; and inlet channel, air passage and outlet channel set up respectively in the base body, in the capstan head body and in the cutter holder subassembly for this air-blowing gas circuit is protected and is separated with external environment in the inside of capstan head tool post, has avoided external impurity to enter into and has aroused the jam in the air-blowing gas circuit, has guaranteed the validity that the smear metal was blown off to the air, has guaranteed the use reliability of capstan head tool post.

In the turret tool rest, a mounting groove is formed in the base body, an insertion portion is arranged on the turret body, the insertion portion is inserted into the mounting groove, the first air inlet is formed in the bottom surface of the mounting groove, and the first air inlet is formed in the inner end surface of the insertion portion.

In the rotating process of the turret body, the inserting portion is located in the mounting groove all the time, the first air inlet outlet and the first air passing inlet are protected in the mounting groove, the phenomenon that external impurities enter to block the air inlet channel and the air passing channel is reduced, and the use reliability of the turret tool rest is guaranteed.

In the turret tool rest, a dustproof ring and a matching ring are arranged between the base body and the turret body, the matching ring is fixed on the turret body and surrounds the outer side of the insertion part, the dustproof ring is fixed on the base body, an annular caulking groove is formed in the dustproof ring, and the matching ring is embedded into the caulking groove.

The dustproof ring and the matching ring have a dustproof effect, the possibility that external impurities enter between the base body and the turret body to block the air inlet channel and the air passing channel is reduced, and the use reliability of the turret tool rest is guaranteed.

In the turret tool rest, a positioning notch is formed in the edge of the notch of the mounting groove, a positioning convex ring corresponding to the positioning notch is arranged on the dustproof ring and is inserted into the positioning notch, a protruding embedded ring is arranged on the bottom surface of the embedded groove, a matching notch corresponding to the embedded ring is arranged on the matching ring, and the embedded ring is embedded into the matching notch.

The positioning notches, the positioning convex rings, the matching notches and the embedding rings form a multiple concave-convex structure, the dustproof effect is enhanced, the possibility that external impurities enter between the base body and the turret body to block the air inlet channel and the air passing channel is further reduced, and the use reliability of the turret tool rest is guaranteed.

In the turret tool rest, an air inlet passage is further formed in the base body, the air inlet passage comprises an air inlet second inlet capable of being communicated with an air source and an air inlet second outlet facing the turret body, an air outlet passage is further formed in the tool holder assembly, the air outlet passage comprises an airtight inlet and an airtight outlet arranged on the wall surface of a hole of the tool holder, an air passing passage is further formed in the turret body, the air passing passage comprises an air passing outlet second in butt joint communication with the airtight inlet and an air passing inlet second facing the base body, a through hole in butt joint communication with the air passing inlet second is formed in the matching ring, a through hole is formed in the bottom surface of the caulking groove, a ventilation connector is inserted into the air inlet second outlet, the outer end of the ventilation connector penetrates through the through hole and is elastically abutted against the matching ring to form sealing, and a through hole capable of being in butt joint communication with the through, and the rotating tower body is rotated to ensure that the through hole is in butt joint communication with the through hole when the first air passing inlet is in butt joint communication with the first air inlet outlet.

When the turret tool rest is used, the air inlet II is communicated with an air source through an external air inlet pipe. And when the first air passing inlet is in butt joint communication with the first air inlet outlet, the air passing channel is communicated with the air inlet channel, the air passing channel and the air outlet channel form an air blowing air channel, and an air source can blow air to the cutter handle hole through the air blowing air channel to remove scraps. Simultaneously through-hole and through hole butt joint intercommunication for through the gas passageway and inlet channel be linked together, inlet channel, the through hole, the through-hole, through the gas passageway and the passageway of giving vent to anger form an airtight gas circuit, the air supply ventilates to the handle hole through this airtight gas circuit, when the accurate lateral surface that makes the handle of a knife and the hole wall face in handle hole of cutter location closely paste and lean on, the exit of the passageway of giving vent to anger is sealed, the atmospheric pressure value of inlet channel entrance keeps unchangeable this moment, consequently can carry out the gas tightness through airtight gas circuit and detect and judge whether the handle of a knife of cutter is installed in place, improve turret's use.

In addition, the ventilation joint is elastically abutted against the matching ring, so that air leakage caused by a rotating gap between the dustproof ring and the matching ring is avoided, the ventilation joint and the matching ring are abutted against the sealing area to be protected in the caulking groove, the possibility that external impurities enter the space between the ventilation joint and the matching ring to damage the sealing can be reduced, the air tightness detection is accurate, and the use reliability of the turret tool rest is favorably ensured.

In the turret tool rest, a gasket and a guide sleeve are sequentially fixed in the air inlet and outlet II from inside to outside, the ventilation joint can be slidably arranged in the guide sleeve in a penetrating mode, the inner end of the ventilation joint penetrates through an inner hole of the gasket, a convex blocking ring is arranged on the outer side face of the ventilation joint, and the blocking ring is limited between the blocking shoulder and the gasket.

The gasket and the guide sleeve have guiding and limiting functions on the ventilation joint, so that the ventilation joint can be aligned to the through hole and stably attached to the matching ring, the air tightness detection is accurate, and the use reliability of the turret tool rest is guaranteed.

In the turret tool rest, a first sealing ring is fixed on the baffle ring and abuts against the inner side surface of the guide sleeve to form sealing, a second sealing ring is fixed on the outer side of the baffle ring on the ventilation joint, the second sealing ring is attached to the inner side surface of the baffle shoulder to form sealing, a third sealing ring and a fourth sealing ring are fixed on the outer side surface of the guide sleeve, the third sealing ring and the fourth sealing ring are attached to the wall surface of the hole of the second air inlet outlet to form sealing, a through hollow hole is arranged on the side wall of the guide sleeve, the inner end of the hollow hole is positioned between the first sealing ring and the second sealing ring, the outer end of the hollow hole is positioned between the third sealing ring and the fourth sealing ring, the base body is also provided with a ventilation channel, one end of the ventilation channel is arranged on the wall surface of the hole of the air inlet passage and is positioned between the third sealing ring and the fourth sealing ring, and the other end of the ventilation channel penetrates through the outer surface of the base body.

The sealing effect of the first sealing ring and the third sealing ring can prevent gas from leaking from the gap between the ventilating joint and the guide sleeve and the gap between the guide sleeve and the wall surface of the air inlet passage hole, the sealing effect of the second sealing ring and the fourth sealing ring can prevent impurities from entering, the hollow hole and the air-permeable channel enable a cavity between the first sealing ring and the second sealing ring to be communicated with the outside, the phenomenon of vacuum is prevented from occurring to affect the sliding of the ventilating joint, the abutting and sealing between the ventilating joint and the matching ring are guaranteed, and the use reliability of the turret tool rest is guaranteed.

In the turret tool rest, a tool holder piston is arranged in the tool holder assembly, a first oil hole and a second oil hole which are respectively communicated with cavities on two sides of the tool holder piston are further formed in the tool holder assembly, a first fixed oil way and a second fixed oil way which can be communicated with a hydraulic station are further formed in the base body, a first movable oil way and a second movable oil way are further formed in the turret body, two ends of the first movable oil way are respectively communicated with the first fixed oil way and the first oil hole, two ends of the first movable oil way are respectively communicated with the second fixed oil way and the second oil hole, and an oil way switching structure which enables the first fixed oil way to be communicated with the first movable oil way and the second fixed oil way to be communicated with the second movable oil way is arranged between.

The cavities on the two sides of the cutter holder piston are respectively called a clamping cavity and a releasing cavity, when hydraulic oil is supplied into the base through the fixed oil path, the hydraulic oil can enter the clamping cavity of the cutter holder piston through the fixed oil path I, the movable oil path I and the oil hole I, so that the cutter holder piston is driven to move to the releasing cavity, the hydraulic oil in the releasing cavity flows out through the oil hole II, the movable oil path II and the fixed oil path II, and the clamping action of a cutter is realized; in the same way, when hydraulic oil is supplied into the base body through the fixed oil way, the hydraulic oil can enter the loosening chamber through the fixed oil way II, the movable oil way II and the oil hole II, so that the tool holder piston is driven to move towards the clamping chamber, and the hydraulic oil in the clamping chamber flows out through the oil hole I, the movable oil way I and the fixed oil way I, so that the loosening action of the tool is realized. That is to say, the first movable oil way and the first fixed oil way extend the first oil hole in the existing mounting seat and extend to the base body, and the second movable oil way and the second fixed oil way extend the second oil hole in the existing mounting seat and extend to the base body, so that a controller for controlling the flow direction of hydraulic oil can be installed outside the base body, straight chips and oil mist do not need to be installed on the mounting seat or a turret body, controller failure caused by fine chips and oil mist in the machining process is avoided, and the use reliability of the turret tool rest can be effectively improved.

The fixed oil circuit I and the fixed oil circuit II are arranged in the base body, and the movable oil circuit I and the movable oil circuit II are arranged in the turret body, so that the fixed oil circuit I and the fixed oil circuit II are protected in the base body, and the movable oil circuit I and the movable oil circuit II are protected in the turret body, thereby avoiding the influence of external environment and media on the smooth delivery of hydraulic oil, ensuring the reliability of the delivery of the hydraulic oil and ensuring the use reliability of the turret tool rest.

In the turret tool rest, the oil path switching structure includes a switching hole formed in the base body and a switching shaft arranged on the turret body, or the oil path switching structure includes a switching hole formed in the turret body and a switching shaft arranged on the base body, the switching shaft is inserted into the switching hole, a first annular cavity and a second annular cavity are formed between the outer side surface of the switching shaft and the wall surface of the switching hole, the first fixed oil path is communicated with the first movable oil path through the first annular cavity, and the second fixed oil path is connected with the second movable oil path through the second annular cavity.

The turret body rotates, the switching shaft rotates in the switching hole, and the positions of the annular cavity I and the annular cavity II cannot change along with the switching shaft, so that the conveying of hydraulic oil is kept in a smooth state all the time, the conveying reliability of the hydraulic oil is guaranteed, and the use reliability of the turret tool rest is guaranteed.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:

an air blowing gas circuit is arranged in the turret tool rest to realize the blowing and scrap removal of the tool holder hole, so that the occurrence of faults is reduced, and the use reliability is improved. The air inlet channel and the air passing channel are communicated in the mounting groove of the base body, so that the possibility of blockage is reduced, and the use reliability is guaranteed. The air-tight air path is arranged in the turret tool rest to realize the detection of the air tightness between the tool and the tool holder, meanwhile, the air inlet path and the air passing path are butted at the matching ring and the dustproof ring, and the air joint is elastically abutted against the matching ring, so that the use reliability is ensured. A tool holder hydraulic oil circuit is arranged in the turret tool rest, so that the controller is installed outside the base body, straight chip and oil mist of the controller are avoided, and the use reliability of the controller is guaranteed.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a first perspective view of a first embodiment of the present turret tool head;

FIG. 2 is a second perspective view of the first turret tool holder embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a third perspective view of the first turret tool holder embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a path diagram of an air-blowing path in a first embodiment of the turret tool holder of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is an enlarged view at A in FIG. 4;

FIG. 6 is a path diagram of an airtight gas circuit in a first embodiment of the turret tool holder of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is an enlarged view at B in FIG. 6;

FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the hydraulic circuit of the tool holder of one embodiment of the present turret tool holder;

fig. 9 is an enlarged view at C in fig. 8.

In the figure, 1, a base body; 1a, fixing a first oil way; 1b, a fixed oil way II; 2. a turret box; 2a, mounting grooves; 2a1, locating notch; 2b, an intake passage; 2b1, intake inlet one; 2b2, inlet air outlet one; 2c, an intake passage; 2c1, intake inlet two; 2c2, inlet outlet II; 2d, ventilating channels; 3. a fixed shaft; 4. an additional box body; 5. an oil way switching block; 5a, a transfer hole; 6. a turret body; 6a, an insertion part; 6b, a movable oil way I; 6c, a movable oil way II; 6d, passing a gas channel; 6d1, a first air passing inlet; 6d2 and a first gas outlet; 7. a main body tray; 7a, a mounting surface; 7b, a gas channel; 7c, a gas passing passage; 7c1 and a second air passing inlet; 7c2 and a second air outlet; 7d, inserting and mounting the cylinder; 8. a cutter head end cover; 8a, assembling holes; 9. a shaft cover; 9a, a transfer shaft; 9a1, ring cavity one; 9a2, annular cavity two; 10. a toolholder assembly; 10a, a toolholder piston; 10b, a knife handle hole; 10c, an oil hole I; 10d, an oil hole II; 10e, an air outlet channel; 10e1, air blowing inlet; 10e2, air blowout port; 10f, an air outlet passage; 10f1, airtight inlet; 10f2, airtight outlet; 12. a spring; 13. a vent fitting; 13a, a through hole; 13b, a baffle ring; 14. a gasket; 15. a guide sleeve; 15a, a shoulder; 15b, engraving holes; 16. a first sealing ring; 17. a second sealing ring; 18. a third sealing ring; 19. a fourth sealing ring; 20. a dust ring; 20a, caulking grooves; 20b, a thimble; 20c, a positioning convex ring; 20d, perforating; 21. matching rings; 21a, a mating recess; 21b, a through hole; 22. a seal ring; 23. an end tooth disc; 23a, air holes.

Detailed Description

The following are specific embodiments of the present invention and are further described with reference to the drawings, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.

Example one

As shown in fig. 1 to 9, a turret tool post includes a base body 1 and a turret body 6, the base body 1 includes a turret case 2 and a fixing shaft 3 fixed to the turret case 2, a mounting groove 2a is formed on a front end surface of the turret case 2, a positioning groove is formed on a bottom surface of the mounting groove 2a, and a rear end of the fixing shaft 3 is inserted into the positioning groove and fixed. An additional box body 4 is fixed on the front end surface of the fixed shaft 3, and the additional box body 4 is used for installing a driving mechanism of the power knife seat. An oil passage transfer block 5 is fixed on the front end surface of the additional box body 4. The turret body 6 comprises a main body disc 7, the main body disc 7 is sleeved on the fixed shaft 3, and a bearing is arranged between the main body disc 7 and the fixed shaft 3. An insertion cylinder 7d projecting rearward is provided on the rear end surface of the main body disk 7, the insertion cylinder 7d is inserted into the mounting groove 2a, an end-toothed disc 23 is fixed to the rear end surface of the insertion cylinder 7d, and the insertion cylinder 7d and the end-toothed disc 23 constitute an insertion portion 6a of the turret body 6. The outer peripheral surface of the main body disk 7 is provided with an attachment surface 7a, the holder assembly 10 is fixed to the attachment surface 7a, and the holder assembly 10 includes an attachment seat and a holder unit fixed to the attachment seat. Fixedly connected with blade disc end cover 8 on the preceding terminal surface of main part dish 7, be provided with pilot hole 8a on the blade disc end cover 8, oil circuit switching piece 5 is located pilot hole 8a, and fixedly connected with axle cap 9 on the preceding terminal surface of blade disc end cover 8, and axle cap 9 seals the front end mouth of pilot hole 8 a.

The fixed shaft 3 is sleeved with a movable fluted disc, and the movable fluted disc is circumferentially fixed on the fixed shaft 3 and can axially slide on the fixed shaft 3. The movable fluted disc is positioned between the fixed shaft 3 and the insertion cylinder 7d and is positioned in front of the end fluted disc 23. The inner side surface of the movable fluted disc is provided with a convex piston ring, a first locking oil way and a second locking oil way are arranged in the base body 1, the first locking oil way is communicated with a hydraulic station and a front side cavity of the piston ring, and the second locking oil way is communicated with a hydraulic station and a rear side cavity of the piston ring. The locking oil circuit I is arranged in the cutter tower box 2 and the fixed shaft 3, two end ports of the locking oil circuit I are respectively arranged on the outer side surface of the cutter tower box 2 and the outer side surface of the fixed shaft 3, the locking oil circuit II is also arranged in the cutter tower box 2 and the fixed shaft 3, and two end ports of the locking oil circuit II are respectively arranged on the outer side surface of the cutter tower box 2 and the outer side surface of the fixed shaft 3. The locking oil way I and the locking oil way II form a locking hydraulic oil way. The outer side surface of the end-toothed disc 23 is provided with a gear ring, and the front end surface of the end-toothed disc 23 is provided with positioning teeth which can be meshed with the movable toothed disc to form circumferential locking. A driving shaft is installed in the base body 1, a gear is arranged on the driving shaft, and the gear is meshed with the gear ring. The driving shaft rotates to drive the end-toothed disc 23 to rotate, when the turret body 6 rotates to a required angle, the hydraulic station supplies oil to the locking oil path I, the movable toothed disc slides backwards to enable the movable toothed disc to be meshed with the end-toothed disc 23 to be locked in the circumferential direction, at this time, the turret body 6 cannot rotate any more, and the circumferential position of the turret body 6 is locked. When the locking of the turret body 6 needs to be released, the hydraulic station supplies oil to the locking oil way II, the movable fluted disc slides forwards, and the movable fluted disc is not meshed with the end fluted disc 23 any more to form circumferential locking.

As shown in fig. 1, 8 and 9, a holder piston 10a and a shank hole 10b are provided in the holder unit, a shank of a tool is inserted into the shank hole 10b, and the hydraulic oil drives the holder piston 10a to clamp and unclamp the tool. The structure of the holder unit can be referred to patent document CN 101850427 a. An oil hole I10 c and an oil hole II 10d which are respectively communicated with chambers on two sides of a cutter holder piston 10a are formed in the cutter holder assembly 10, and a fixed oil path I1 a and a fixed oil path II 1b which can be communicated with a hydraulic station are formed in the base body 1. A movable oil way I6 b and a movable oil way II 6c are arranged in the rotating tower body 6, two ends of the movable oil way I6 b are respectively communicated with the fixed oil way I1 a and the oil hole I10 c, and the movable oil way II 6c is respectively communicated with the fixed oil way II 1b and the oil hole II 10 d. An oil way switching structure which enables the first fixed oil way 1a and the first movable oil way 6b to be communicated and enables the second fixed oil way 1b and the second movable oil way 6c to be communicated is arranged between the converter body 6 and the base body 1, the oil way switching structure comprises a switching hole 5a arranged on the oil way switching block 5 and a switching shaft 9a arranged on the rear end face of the shaft cover 9, and the switching shaft 9a is inserted into the switching hole 5 a. An annular cavity I9 a1 and an annular cavity II 9a2 are arranged between the outer side face of the transfer shaft 9a and the wall face of the transfer hole 5a, the fixed oil path I1 a and the movable oil path II 6c are communicated through the annular cavity I9 a1, and the fixed oil path II 1b and the movable oil path II 6c are communicated through the annular cavity II 9a 2. The port of one end of the first fixed oil way 1a is arranged on the outer side face of the cutter tower box 2, the first fixed oil way 1a sequentially extends in the cutter tower box 2, the fixed shaft 3, the additional box body 4 and the oil way switching block 5, and the port of the other end of the first fixed oil way 1a is arranged on the wall face of the switching hole 5a and communicated with the annular cavity I9 a 1. The port of one end of the second fixed oil way 1b is arranged on the outer side face of the cutter tower box 2, the second fixed oil way 1b sequentially extends in the cutter tower box 2, the fixed shaft 3, the additional box body 4 and the oil way switching block 5, and the port of the other end of the second fixed oil way 1b is arranged on the wall face of the switching hole 5a and communicated with the annular cavity two 9a 2. One end of the first movable oil path 6b is provided with a port which is arranged on the mounting surface 7a and is opposite to the first oil hole 10c, the first movable oil path 6b extends in the main body disc 7, the cutter head end cover 8 and the shaft cover 9 in sequence, and the other end of the first movable oil path 6b is provided with a port which is arranged on the outer side surface of the adapter shaft 9a and is communicated with the annular cavity I9 a 1. The port of one end of the second movable oil path 6c is arranged on the mounting surface 7a and is opposite to the second oil hole 10d, the second movable oil path 6c sequentially extends in the main body disc 7, the cutter head end cover 8 and the shaft cover 9, and the port of the other end of the second movable oil path 6c is arranged on the outer side surface of the adapter shaft 9a and is communicated with the annular cavity two 9a 2. The first fixed oil way 1a, the first annular cavity 9a1, the second movable oil way 6c, the first oil hole 10c, the second oil hole 10d, the second movable oil way 6c, the second annular cavity 9a2 and the second fixed oil way 1b form a tool holder hydraulic oil way. When the tool holder assembly 10 needs to fix a tool, the hydraulic station supplies oil to the first fixed oil way 1a, hydraulic oil enters the front side cavity of the tool holder piston 10a after passing through the first annular cavity 9a1, the first movable oil way 6b and the first oil hole 10c, the tool holder piston 10a retreats to enable the tool holder to fix the tool inserted into the tool holder hole 10b, when the tool needs to be released, the hydraulic station supplies oil to the second fixed oil way 1b, the hydraulic oil enters the rear side cavity of the tool holder piston 10a after passing through the second annular cavity 9a2, the second movable oil way 6c and the second oil hole 10d, and the tool holder piston 10a advances to enable the tool holder to release the tool.

As shown in fig. 2, 4 and 5, an air inlet channel 2b is further opened in the base body 1, and the air inlet channel 2b includes an air inlet-2 b1 capable of communicating with an air source and an air inlet-2 b2 facing the tower body 6. The air intake passage 2b is provided in the turret casing 2, the air intake inlet-2 b1 is provided on the outer side surface of the turret casing 2, and the air intake outlet-2 b2 is provided on the bottom surface of the mounting groove 2 a. The turret body 6 is further provided with a gas passing channel 6d, and the gas passing channel 6d comprises a gas passing outlet 6d2 and a gas passing inlet 6d1 facing the base body 1. The air passage 6d is composed of an air hole 23a arranged in the end-toothed disc 23 and an air passage 7b arranged in the main disc 7, the inlet of the air passage 7b is arranged on the rear end face of the cartridge 7d and is in butt joint communication with the outlet of the air hole 23a, and the outlet of the air passage 7b, namely an air passage outlet 6d2 is arranged on the mounting face 7 a. With the rotation of the turret body 6, the inlet of the air hole 23a, i.e. the first air inlet 6d1, can be in butt joint communication with or staggered and isolated from the first air inlet 2b 2. At the inlet of the air hole 23a, i.e. the air passing inlet-6 d1, a sealing gasket is fixed, and the sealing gasket is abutted against the bottom surface of the mounting groove 2a and forms a seal. The tool holder assembly 10 is further provided with an air outlet passage 10e communicated with the shank hole 10b, the air outlet passage 10e comprises an air blowing inlet 10e1 facing the mounting surface 7a and an air blowing outlet 10e2 arranged on the wall surface of the shank hole 10b, and the air blowing inlet 10e1 is in butt-joint communication with the first through air outlet 6d 2. The turret body 6 is rotated, when the first air inlet 6d1 can be in butt joint communication with the first air outlet 2b2, the air inlet channel 2b, the first air channel 6d and the air outlet channel 10e form an air blowing channel, and an air source can blow air to the handle hole 10b through the air blowing channel.

As shown in fig. 2, 3, 6 and 7, the base body 1 further has an air inlet passage 2c, the air inlet passage 2c includes an air inlet port 2c1 capable of communicating with an air source and an air inlet outlet port 2c2 facing the turret body 6, the air inlet passage 2c is provided in the turret casing 2, the air inlet port 2c1 is provided on the outer side surface of the turret casing 2, and the air outlet port 2c2 is provided on the front end surface of the turret casing 2. The turret body 6 is further provided with a second air passage 7c that can communicate with the intake passage 2c, the second air passage 7c includes a second air outlet 7c2 and a second air inlet 7c1 facing the base body 1, the second air passage 7c is provided in the main body disk 7, the second air inlet 7c1 is provided in a rear end surface of the main body disk 7, and the second air outlet 7c2 is provided in the mounting surface 7 a. The holder assembly 10 further has an air outlet passage 10f communicating with the holder hole 10b, the air outlet passage 10f includes an airtight inlet 10f1 facing the mounting surface 7a and an airtight outlet 10f2 provided on a wall surface of the holder hole 10b, and the airtight inlet 10f1 is in abutting communication with the through-air outlet 7c 2. A spring 12 and a vent joint 13 are inserted into the second air inlet and outlet 2c2 in sequence from inside to outside, i.e., from back to front, the inner end of the spring 12 abuts against the wall surface of the hole of the air inlet passage 2c, and the outer end of the spring 12 abuts against the vent joint 13. The breather joint 13 has a through hole 13a communicating with the intake passage 2c, and the through hole 13a can communicate with the second overfire inlet 7c 1. A gasket 14 and a guide sleeve 15 are sequentially fixed in the second air inlet outlet 2c2 from inside to outside, the vent joint 13 is arranged in the guide sleeve 15 in a penetrating mode, the inner end of the vent joint 13 penetrates through an inner hole of the gasket 14 to abut against the spring 12, a protruding retaining ring 13b is arranged on the outer side face of the vent joint 13, a retaining shoulder 15a is arranged on the inner side face of the guide sleeve 15, and the retaining ring 13b is limited between the retaining shoulder 15a and the gasket 14. A first sealing ring 16 is fixed on the retaining ring 13b, the first sealing ring 16 is attached to the inner side surface of the guide sleeve 15 to form a seal, a second sealing ring 17 is fixed on the vent joint 13 at the outer side of the retaining ring 13b, and the second sealing ring 17 is attached to the inner side surface of the retaining shoulder 15a to form a seal. And a third sealing ring 18 and a fourth sealing ring 19 are fixed on the outer side surface of the guide sleeve 15, and the third sealing ring 18 and the fourth sealing ring 19 are abutted against the wall surface of the hole of the second air inlet outlet 2c2 to form sealing. The lateral wall of uide bushing 15 is provided with the fretwork hole 15b that runs through, and fretwork hole 15b has two and the symmetry setting. The inner end of the through hole 15b is located between the first sealing ring 16 and the second sealing ring 17, and the outer end of the through hole 15b is located between the third sealing ring 18 and the fourth sealing ring 19. The turret casing 2 is further provided with a ventilation channel 2d, one end of the ventilation channel 2d is arranged on the wall surface of the hole of the air inlet passage 2c and is positioned between the third sealing ring 18 and the fourth sealing ring 19, and the other end of the ventilation channel 2d penetrates through the outer surface of the turret casing 2. As shown in fig. 3, in order to ensure communication of the air-permeable passage 2d, the other end of the air-permeable passage 2d is provided at the bottom surface of the turret casing 2.

A dustproof ring 20 and a matching ring 21 are arranged between the base body 1 and the turret body 6, the matching ring 21 is fixed on the rear end face of the main body disc 7 and surrounds the outer side of the inserting cylinder 7d, the dustproof ring 20 is fixed on the front end face of the turret case 2, an annular caulking groove 20a is formed in the front end face of the dustproof ring 20, and the matching ring 21 is embedded into the caulking groove 20 a. The edge of the notch of the mounting groove 2a is provided with a positioning notch 2a1, the dust ring 20 is provided with a positioning convex ring 20c corresponding to the positioning notch 2a1, and the positioning convex ring 20c is inserted into the positioning notch 2a 1. The bottom surface of the insertion groove 20a is provided with a protruding insertion ring 20b, the matching ring 21 is provided with a matching notch 21a corresponding to the insertion ring 20b, and the insertion ring 20b is inserted into the matching notch 21 a. The dust ring 20 is fixed on the turret casing 2 and presses the guide sleeve 15 so that the guide sleeve 15 is fixed in the inlet outlet two 2c 2. A sealing ring 22 is arranged between the inner side surface of the dust-proof ring 20 and the outer side surface of the insertion cylinder 7d, the sealing ring 22 is fixed on the insertion cylinder 7d, and a sealing lip of the sealing ring 22 is attached to the dust-proof ring 20. The matching ring 21 is provided with a through hole 21b in butt joint communication with the second air passing inlet 7c1, the bottom surface of the caulking groove 20a is provided with a through hole 20d, the outer end of the air joint 13 penetrates through the through hole 20d and is elastically abutted against the matching ring 21 to form sealing, and the rotating tower body 6 is rotated to ensure that the through hole 21b is in butt joint communication with the through hole 13a when the first air passing inlet 6d1 is in butt joint communication with the first air inlet outlet 2b 2. That is, as the turret body 6 rotates, the air passage 6d communicates with the intake passage 2b and the air passage 7c communicates with the intake passage 2 c. The air passage 7c is communicated with the air inlet passage 2c, the through hole 13a, the through hole 21b, the air passage 7c and the air outlet passage 10f form an airtight air passage, an air source is communicated with the cutter handle hole 10b through the airtight air passage, when the cutter is accurately positioned, the outer side surface of the cutter handle is tightly attached to the wall surface of the cutter handle hole 10b, the outlet of the air outlet passage 10f is sealed, and at the moment, the air pressure value at the inlet of the air inlet passage 2c is kept unchanged, so that whether the cutter handle of the cutter is installed in place or not can be judged through air tightness detection of the airtight air passage. In order to ensure the sealing property, sealing rings or sealing gaskets are arranged at the required sealing connection positions in the tool holder hydraulic oil circuit, the air blowing gas circuit and the airtight gas circuit.

A moving mechanism is arranged on a base of the machine tool, the turret tool rest is vertically arranged on the moving mechanism, the moving mechanism drives the turret tool rest to perform spatial motion, and a tool shank hole 10b of the tool holder unit faces downwards. A bracket is fixed outside a machine tool machining area on a base of the machine tool, and a tool magazine is installed on the bracket. The tool magazine comprises a disc, a plurality of tool chucks are mounted on the outer edge of the disc, clamping jaws of the tool chucks elastically clamp tools, and tool shanks of the tools face upwards. A rotating motor is fixed on the support, and a rotating shaft of the rotating motor is connected with the disc and can drive the disc to rotate. And a positioning sensor is also arranged on the bracket and used for measuring the position of the cutter. The machine tool is provided with a hydraulic station, a controller is connected to the hydraulic station, the controller comprises a locking reversing solenoid valve and a tool holder reversing solenoid valve, the locking reversing solenoid valve is connected between the hydraulic station and a locking hydraulic oil path, the tool holder reversing solenoid valve is connected between the hydraulic station and the tool holder hydraulic oil path, the locking reversing solenoid valve is used for controlling the flow direction of the locking hydraulic oil path, and the tool holder reversing solenoid valve is used for controlling the flow direction of the tool holder hydraulic oil path.

When the tool in the tool holder assembly 10 needs to be removed during the machining process of the machine tool, the moving mechanism moves the turret tool rest above the tool magazine, the turret body 6 rotates to position the tool holder assembly 10 above the outer edge of the disc, the disc rotates to move the empty tool holder below the tool holder assembly 10, the turret tool rest moves downward to insert the tool in the tool holder assembly 10 into the tool holder, then the tool holder assembly 10 releases the tool, and the turret tool rest moves upward to leave the tool magazine. When a tool is required to be installed in the tool holder assembly 10, the turret tool rest moves to the position above the tool magazine, the turret body 6 rotates to enable the tool holder assembly 10 to be located above the outer edge of the disc, at the moment, the air inlet channel 2b is communicated with the air passing channel 6d, an air source blows air into the tool shank hole 10b through the air blowing channel to remove chips, and meanwhile, the air inlet channel 2c is communicated with the air passing channel 7 c; the disc rotates to enable the target tool chuck to move to the position below the tool holder assembly 10, then the turret tool rest moves to enable the tool shank of the target tool to be inserted into the tool shank hole 10b of the tool holder assembly 10, the tool holder assembly 10 clamps the tool, an air source conducts air ventilation to the tool shank hole 10b through an air-tight air channel to conduct air tightness detection, and after the air tightness detection is qualified, the turret tool rest moves to enable the tool to be separated from the tool chuck. Because before cutter holder subassembly 10 centre gripping cutter, can blow off smear metal and greasy dirt in handle of a knife hole 10b through the air-blowing gas circuit, make the hole wall face in handle of a knife hole 10b keep clean to it is accurate to make the cutter fix a position in handle of a knife hole 10b, has reduced the probability that the trouble takes place, has improved turret tool rest's use reliability. After the tool holder assembly 10 clamps the tool, the air tightness detection can be performed by ventilating the tool shank hole 10b through the air tightness gas path, so that whether the tool shank of the tool is mounted in place or not is judged, and the use reliability of the turret tool rest is improved. In addition, the tool holder reversing electromagnetic valve is installed outside the turret tool rest through a tool holder hydraulic oil way arranged in the turret tool rest, so that straight-face cutting and oil mist of the tool holder reversing electromagnetic valve are avoided, and the working stability and reliability of the tool holder reversing electromagnetic valve are ensured.

In addition, the air inlet channel 2b and the air inlet passage 2c which can be communicated with an air source are arranged in the base body 1, and the base body 1 cannot rotate, so that the external air inlet pipe is prevented from being distorted, the external air inlet pipe is ensured to be kept smooth, and the occurrence of faults is reduced; meanwhile, the gas passing channel 6d is arranged in the turret body 6, and the turret body 6 can rotate, so that the turret body 6 can only enable the gas passing channel 6d to be communicated with the gas inlet channel 2b at one circumferential position, and after the position of the turret body 6, which is communicated with the gas inlet channel 2b, of the gas passing channel 6d is set as a tool changing position, the problem that the stability of fixing a tool in a tool holder is influenced due to gas blowing when the tool is not changed is avoided, and the use reliability of the turret tool holder is ensured. And inlet channel 2b, it sets up respectively in base body 1 to cross air channel 6d and air outlet channel 10e, in turret body 6 and cutter holder subassembly 10, inlet channel 2c, it also sets up respectively in base body 1 to cross air channel 7c and air outlet channel 10f, in turret body 6 and cutter holder subassembly 10, make air-blowing gas circuit and airtight gas circuit protected and separate with external environment in turret tool post's inside, avoided external impurity to enter into and arouse the jam in air-blowing gas circuit and the airtight gas circuit, the validity that has guaranteed the air-blowing to remove the smear metal and the reliability that the gas tightness detected, the reliability in use of turret tool post has been guaranteed.

Example two

The oil path switching structure is different from the first embodiment, and the oil path switching structure includes a switching hole 5a provided in the cutter head end cover 8 and a switching shaft 9a provided in the oil path switching block 5. The switching shaft 9a is arranged coaxially with the main body disc 7, the switching shaft 9a is inserted into the switching hole 5a, an annular cavity I9 a1 and an annular cavity II 9a2 are arranged between the wall surface of the switching hole 5a and the switching shaft 9a, the fixed oil path I1 a and the movable oil path II 6c are communicated through the annular cavity I9 a1, and the fixed oil path II 1b and the movable oil path II 6c are communicated through the annular cavity II 9a 2. The port of one end of the first fixed oil way 1a is arranged on the outer side face of the cutter tower box 2, the port of the other end of the first fixed oil way 1a is arranged on the outer side face of the adapter shaft 9a and communicated with the annular cavity I9 a1, the port of one end of the second fixed oil way 1b is arranged on the outer side face of the cutter tower box 2, and the port of the other end of the second fixed oil way 1b is arranged on the outer side face of the adapter shaft 9a and communicated with the annular cavity II 9a 2. The port of one end of the first movable oil path 6b is arranged on the mounting surface 7a and is opposite to the first oil hole 10c, the port of the other end of the first movable oil path 6b is arranged on the hole wall surface of the transfer hole 5a and is communicated with the annular cavity I9 a1, the port of one end of the second movable oil path 6c is arranged on the mounting surface 7a and is opposite to the second oil hole 10d, and the port of the other end of the second movable oil path 6c is arranged on the hole wall surface of the transfer hole 5a and is communicated with the annular cavity II 9a 2. The shaft cover 9 is not provided with a transfer shaft 9a, the movable oil path I6 b and the movable oil path II 6c do not pass through the shaft cover 9, the movable oil path I6 b is sequentially arranged in the main body disc 7 and the cutter head end cover 8, the movable oil path II 6c is sequentially arranged in the main body disc 7 and the cutter head end cover 8, and other structures are the same as those of the first embodiment.

The specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the spirit of the invention. Various modifications or additions may be made to the described embodiments or alternatives may be employed by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit or ambit of the invention as defined in the appended claims.

Claims

1. A turret tool rest comprises a base body (1), a rotatable turret body (6) is installed on the base body (1), a tool holder assembly (10) is fixed on the turret body (6), a tool holder hole (10b) is formed in the tool holder assembly (10), the turret tool rest is characterized in that an air inlet channel (2b) is arranged in the base body (1), the air inlet channel (2b) comprises a first air inlet (2b1) capable of being communicated with an air source and a first air outlet (2b2) facing the turret body (6), an air outlet channel (10e) communicated with the tool holder hole (10b) is arranged in the tool holder assembly (10), a through air channel (6d) is arranged in the turret body (6), the through air channel (6d) comprises a first air outlet (6d2) communicated with the air outlet channel (10e) and a first through air inlet (6d1) facing the base body (1), and the rotating converter body (6) can enable the first air passing inlet (6d1) and the first air inlet outlet (2b2) to be communicated in a butt joint mode or separated in a staggered mode.

2. The turret tool holder according to claim 1, wherein the base body (1) is formed with a mounting groove (2a), the turret body (6) is formed with an insertion portion (6a), the insertion portion (6a) is inserted into the mounting groove (2a), the first inlet outlet (2b2) is provided on a bottom surface of the mounting groove (2a), and the first inlet port (6d1) is provided on an inner end surface of the insertion portion (6 a).

3. Turret tool holder according to claim 2, characterized in that a dust ring (20) and a mating ring (21) are arranged between the base body (1) and the turret body (6), the mating ring (21) is fixed to the turret body (6) and surrounds the outside of the insertion part (6a), the dust ring (20) is fixed to the base body (1), the dust ring (20) is provided with an annular groove (20a), and the mating ring (21) is inserted into the groove (20 a).

4. Turret tool head according to claim 3, characterized in that the mounting groove (2a) is provided with a positioning notch (2a1) at the edge of the notch, the dust ring (20) is provided with a positioning protruding ring (20c) corresponding to the positioning notch (2a1), the positioning protruding ring (20c) is inserted into the positioning notch (2a1), the bottom surface of the insert groove (20a) is provided with a protruding insert ring (20b), the mating ring (21) is provided with a mating notch (21a) corresponding to the insert ring (20b), and the insert ring (20b) is inserted into the mating notch (21 a).

5. The turret tool holder according to claim 3, wherein the base body (1) further defines an air inlet passage (2c), the air inlet passage (2c) comprises a second air inlet (2c1) capable of communicating with an air source and a second air inlet (2c2) facing the turret body (6), the tool holder assembly (10) further defines an air outlet passage (10f), the air outlet passage (10f) comprises an airtight inlet (10f1) and an airtight outlet (10f2) disposed on a wall surface of the bore of the tool shank (10b), the turret body (6) further defines a through air passage (7c), the through air passage (7c) comprises a second air outlet (7c2) in butt-joint communication with the airtight inlet (10f1) and a second through air inlet (7c1) facing the base body (1), the fitting ring (21) defines a through hole (21b) in butt-joint communication with the second through air inlet (7c1), the bottom surface of the caulking groove (20a) is provided with a through hole (20d), the air inlet second (2c2) is inserted with a ventilation joint (13), the outer end of the ventilation joint (13) penetrates through the through hole (20d) and is elastically abutted against the matching ring (21) to form sealing, the ventilation joint (13) is internally provided with a through hole (13a) which can be in butt joint communication with the through hole (21b), and the through hole (21b) is in butt joint communication with the through hole (13a) when the turret body (6) is rotated to enable the air inlet first (6d1) to be in butt joint communication with the air inlet first (2b 2).

6. The turret tool post according to claim 5, characterized in that a gasket (14) and a guide sleeve (15) are sequentially fixed in the inlet outlet II (2c2) from inside to outside, the vent joint (13) is slidably inserted into the guide sleeve (15), the inner end of the vent joint (13) penetrates through the inner hole of the gasket (14), a protruding stop ring (13b) is arranged on the outer side surface of the vent joint (13), and the stop ring (13b) is limited between the stop shoulder (15a) and the gasket (14).

7. The turret tool post according to claim 6, characterized in that a first sealing ring (16) is fixed on the retaining ring (13b), the first sealing ring (16) abuts against the inner side surface of the guide sleeve (15) to form a seal, a second sealing ring (17) is fixed on the vent joint (13) and is positioned on the outer side of the retaining ring (13b), the second sealing ring (17) abuts against the inner side surface of the retaining shoulder (15a) to form a seal, a third sealing ring (18) and a fourth sealing ring (19) are fixed on the outer side surface of the guide sleeve (15), the third sealing ring (18) and the fourth sealing ring (19) abut against the hole wall surface of the second air inlet/outlet (2c2) to form a seal, a through-penetrating through hole (15b) is formed in the side wall of the guide sleeve (15), and the inner end of the through hole (15b) is positioned between the first sealing ring (16) and the second sealing ring (17), the outer end of fretwork hole (15b) is located between three (18) and four (19) sealing rings, ventilative passageway (2d) have still been seted up on base body (1), the one end setting of ventilative passageway (2d) is located between three (18) and four (19) sealing rings of sealing ring on the hole wall of admission passage (2c), the other end of ventilative passageway (2d) runs through the surface of base body (1).

8. The turret tool rest according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the tool holder assembly (10) has a tool holder piston (10a), the tool holder assembly (10) has a first oil hole (10c) and a second oil hole (10d) therein, which are respectively communicated with chambers at both sides of the tool holder piston (10a), the base body (1) has a first fixed oil path (1a) and a second fixed oil path (1b) therein, the turret body (6) has a first movable oil path (6b) and a second movable oil path (6c) therein, both ends of the first movable oil path (6b) are respectively communicated with the first fixed oil path (1a) and the first oil hole (10c), both ends of the first movable oil path (6b) are respectively communicated with the second fixed oil path (1b) and the second oil hole (10d), and a space between the turret body (6) and the base body (1) is provided for maintaining the first fixed oil path (1a) and the first movable oil path (6b) therein And the communicating and fixed oil way II (1b) and the movable oil way II (6c) are communicated.

9. Turret tool head according to claim 8, characterized in that the oil line changeover structure comprises a changeover hole (5a) provided in the base body (1) and a changeover shaft (9a) provided on the turret body (6), or the oil path switching structure comprises a switching hole (5a) arranged in the tower body (6) and a switching shaft (9a) arranged on the base body (1), the transfer shaft (9a) is inserted into the transfer hole (5a), a first annular cavity (9a1) and a second annular cavity (9a2) are arranged between the outer side surface of the transfer shaft (9a) and the wall surface of the transfer hole (5a), the first fixed oil way (1a) is communicated with the first movable oil way (6b) through a first annular cavity (9a1), and the fixed oil passage II (1b) and the movable oil passage II (6c) are connected through an annular cavity II (9a 2).