CN112713410B - Metamaterial wave absorber and preparation method of surface wave absorbing unit thereof - Google Patents
Metamaterial wave absorber and preparation method of surface wave absorbing unit thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN112713410B CN112713410B CN202011528661.3A CN202011528661A CN112713410B CN 112713410 B CN112713410 B CN 112713410B CN 202011528661 A CN202011528661 A CN 202011528661A CN 112713410 B CN112713410 B CN 112713410B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q15/00—Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
- H01Q15/0006—Devices acting selectively as reflecting surface, as diffracting or as refracting device, e.g. frequency filtering or angular spatial filtering devices
- H01Q15/0086—Devices acting selectively as reflecting surface, as diffracting or as refracting device, e.g. frequency filtering or angular spatial filtering devices said selective devices having materials with a synthesized negative refractive index, e.g. metamaterials or left-handed materials
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q17/00—Devices for absorbing waves radiated from an antenna; Combinations of such devices with active antenna elements or systems
- H01Q17/008—Devices for absorbing waves radiated from an antenna; Combinations of such devices with active antenna elements or systems with a particular shape
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K9/00—Screening of apparatus or components against electric or magnetic fields
- H05K9/0073—Shielding materials
- H05K9/0081—Electromagnetic shielding materials, e.g. EMI, RFI shielding
Abstract
The invention discloses a metamaterial wave absorber and a preparation method of a surface wave absorbing unit thereof. According to the method, a metal patch with the same contour is prepared as a surface wave-absorbing unit according to an arbitrary plane attractor phase diagram when the equation parameters of the chaotic system are fixed. Compared with the traditional wave-absorbing surface, the surface wave-absorbing unit has the advantages of simple preparation process and low material cost, can save the design and production time, and reduces the processing and manufacturing cost. The surface wave-absorbing unit is printed on the medium layer, and the metal bottom plate is printed under the medium layer, so that the installation process is simple, and the surface wave-absorbing unit also has the advantages of wide absorption frequency band and good absorption effect. The ultra-wideband strong absorption characteristic in a target frequency band can be realized by adjusting and optimizing the whole size of the chaotic surface wave absorbing unit by amplifying or reducing.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of novel electromagnetic materials, and particularly relates to a metamaterial wave absorber and a preparation method of a surface wave absorbing unit thereof.
Background
With the rapid development of electronic information technology, more and more technologies and products using electromagnetic waves as information transmission media exist, our lives are in various complex electromagnetic wave environments, and corresponding application requirements are provided for wave-absorbing materials and structures with different wave bands in the civil field and the military field for the threat caused by the electromagnetic waves.
In the military field, microwave band radars, flying weapons and the like are stealthed to meet the requirements of modern weaponry. Novel absorbing material is with "thin, light, it is wide, the strong advantage is in the fast development of absorbing the wave field, the metamaterial wave absorber that has divide into active and passive, change electric capacity through loading current, the inductance or optimize the surface pattern structure size and carry out the regulation of inhaling the wave frequency channel and the extension of bandwidth, it is loaded down with trivial details to face structural design optimization process, it is narrow to absorb the frequency channel, and there is impressed current regulation and control unstability active metamaterial wave absorber, electromagnetic interference scheduling problem, the actual effect often does not reach the requirement of design original intention, this has increased the economic cost of design time cost and manufacturing undoubtedly.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a metamaterial wave absorber and a preparation method of a surface wave absorbing unit thereof, which have the advantages of wide absorption frequency band, good absorption effect and simple and convenient preparation process, aiming at the defects of the prior art.
The metamaterial wave absorber provided by the invention comprises a surface wave absorbing unit, wherein the surface wave absorbing unit is a chaotic surface wave absorbing unit.
The surface wave-absorbing unit is a metal unit, and the thickness of the surface wave-absorbing unit is not less than 0.1 um.
The wave absorbing unit comprises a plurality of wave absorbing units, wherein each wave absorbing unit comprises a metal bottom plate unit, a medium unit and a surface wave absorbing unit which are arranged in an aligned mode from top to bottom; each wave absorbing unit is arranged in a rectangular array.
The metal bottom plate unit is a square unit, the thickness of the metal bottom plate unit is not less than 0.1um, and the metal bottom plate unit is made of gold, silver or copper.
The medium unit is a square unit matched with the metal bottom plate, the material of the medium unit is a glass fiber epoxy resin copper-clad plate with the relative dielectric constant of 4.4 and the loss tangent of 0.02, and the thickness of the medium unit is 1-5 mm.
The other embodiment comprises a metal bottom plate, a dielectric plate and a plurality of surface wave-absorbing units, wherein the metal bottom plate is printed below the dielectric plate, and the surface wave-absorbing units are printed on the dielectric plate in a rectangular array.
The metal bottom plate is gold bottom plate, silver bottom plate or copper bottom plate, and its shape is square or rectangle, and its thickness is not less than 0.1 um.
The dielectric plate adopts a glass fiber epoxy resin copper-clad plate with the relative dielectric constant of 4.4 and the loss tangent of 0.02.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the surface wave-absorbing unit, which comprises the following steps:
step one, selecting a unified chaotic system equation,
in the above formula, x, y, z represent coordinate values of XY plane, YZ plane and XZ plane, respectively; alpha is a system parameter;
fixing the parameter alpha to obtain an XY plane attractor phase diagram;
extracting coordinates of pattern edge part points in the XY plane attractor phase diagram;
step four, drawing chaotic patterns in software;
processing the metal sheet into the shape of the chaotic pattern to obtain the surface wave-absorbing unit; during processing, expanding the units in the built model into an M ﹡ N array according to actual requirements, and making boards and real objects;
and step six, testing the reflectivity of the real object by using a vector network analyzer and a pair of horn antennas in a microwave darkroom to verify the wave-absorbing performance.
And repeating the first step to the fifth step to manufacture the surface wave-absorbing units with different specifications, and performing simulation analysis on the influence of the surface wave-absorbing units with different specifications on the reflectivity and the absorptivity.
According to the method, a metal patch with the same contour is prepared as a surface wave-absorbing unit according to an arbitrary plane attractor phase diagram when the equation parameters of the chaotic system are fixed. Compared with the traditional wave-absorbing surface, the surface wave-absorbing unit has the advantages of simple preparation process and low material cost, can save the design and production time, and reduces the processing and manufacturing cost. The surface wave-absorbing unit is printed on the medium layer, and the metal bottom plate is printed under the medium layer, so that the installation process is simple, and the surface wave-absorbing unit also has the advantages of wide absorption frequency band and good absorption effect.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a wave absorbing unit in a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a perspective view of a wave absorber according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a graph illustrating the variation of surface reflectivity with frequency according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic perspective view of a wave absorbing unit in a second preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a perspective view of a wave absorber according to a second preferred embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a graph showing the variation of surface reflectivity with frequency according to a second preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Sequence numbers of the drawings:
1-wave absorbing unit, 11-metal bottom plate unit, 12-medium unit, and 13-surface wave absorbing unit.
Detailed Description
In a preferred embodiment, the metamaterial wave absorber disclosed in this embodiment is formed by arranging M ﹡ N wave absorbing units. As shown in fig. 1, the wave absorbing unit 1 includes a metal bottom plate unit 11, a medium unit 12 and a surface wave absorbing unit 13, which are aligned from top to bottom, the metal bottom plate unit is printed under the medium unit, and the surface wave absorbing unit is printed on the medium unit.
The metal bottom plate unit 11 is a square copper plate with the thickness of 0.04mm and the thickness of 6.5mm, the dielectric unit 12 is an FR4 dielectric plate with the relative dielectric constant of 4.4 and the loss tangent of 0.02, the specification of the medium is a square with the thickness of 2mm and the thickness of 6.5 mm. The metal bottom plate unit is printed under the medium unit in an aligned mode.
The surface wave absorbing unit 13 is formed by processing a square copper patch with the side length of 6.5mm and the thickness of 0.04 mm. When in manufacturing, the unified chaotic system is selected first
Obtaining an XY plane attractor phase diagram when a parameter alpha in the system equation is 1.2, and extracting coordinates of the edge part points of the pattern in the XY plane attractor phase diagram; drawing a chaotic pattern in HFSS software; and processing the metal sheet into the shape of the chaotic pattern to obtain the surface wave-absorbing unit. After the manufacturing is finished, the surface wave absorbing unit 13 is printed on the medium unit in an aligned mode. The wave absorbing unit 1 can be obtained. On the premise of ensuring that the proportion of each part of the chaotic pattern is not changed, the whole size of the chaotic pattern is adjusted and optimized to realize the characteristic of ultra wide band strong absorption in a target frequency band. Processing a metal sheet into the shape of the chaotic pattern to obtain the surface wave-absorbing unit;
in this example, the cells in the HFSS model were expanded into an M ﹡ N array according to actual requirements, and the actual product was fabricated by patterning. And testing the reflectivity of the real object by using a vector network analyzer Agilent N5230A and a pair of horn antennas in a microwave dark room to verify the wave-absorbing performance.
As shown in fig. 2, the wave absorbing elements 1 are closely arranged in a 27 × 27 matrix form, connected and fixed to obtain a wave absorbing body, and then simulation analysis is performed to obtain a schematic diagram of a curve of surface reflectivity changing with frequency as shown in fig. 3. Namely, the reflectivity of the wave absorber at any frequency within the wave range of 11.27 GHz-22.99 GHz is less than-10 dB, and the wave absorber can realize super-strong absorption of more than 90%, and comprises three absorption peaks, wherein the strongest absorption rate is as high as 99.979%, the wave absorbing bandwidth is 11.72GHz, the relative bandwidth is 68.42%, and the wave absorber belongs to an ultra-wideband wave absorber.
In a second preferred embodiment, as shown in fig. 4, the metal bottom plate unit in this embodiment is a rectangle with 12mm × 18mm, the material property is copper, and the metal bottom plate unit is printed on the lower surface of the dielectric layer by means of a printed circuit board, and the thickness is 0.04 mm.
The dielectric element is a 12mm 18mm rectangle with a thickness of 4.8mm, and is made of FR4 dielectric board with a relative dielectric constant of 4.4 and a loss tangent of 0.02.
The surface wave absorbing unit adopts a square metal patch with the side length of 6.5mm, the material attribute is copper, the surface wave absorbing unit is printed on the upper surface of the dielectric layer in a printed circuit board mode, and the thickness is 0.04 mm. The surface wave absorbing unit is positioned in the right center of the wave absorbing unit. Wave-absorbing surface pattern coming from unified chaotic system
And obtaining an XY plane attractor phase diagram when a parameter alpha in the equation is 1.2, drawing a chaotic pattern in HFSS software by extracting coordinates of points at the edge part of the pattern in the phase diagram, taking the chaotic pattern as the surface of the metamaterial wave absorber, and adjusting and optimizing the whole size of the chaotic pattern to realize the ultra-wideband strong absorption characteristic in a target frequency band on the premise of ensuring that the proportion of each part of the pattern is unchanged.
In this embodiment, the wave absorbing units are closely arranged in a 15 × 10 matrix form, connected and fixed, as shown in fig. 5, which is drawn by using HFSS simulation software, and subjected to simulation analysis. Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the curve of the surface reflectivity with frequency in this embodiment, which is the result of the simulation experiment. The wave absorber has reflectivity of less than-10 dB at any frequency within the wave range of 4.3 GHz-9.5 GHz, can realize super-strong absorption of more than 90%, comprises three absorption peaks, has the strongest absorption rate of 99.83%, has the wave absorbing bandwidth of 5.2GHz and the relative bandwidth of 75.36%, and belongs to an ultra-wideband wave absorber.
In practical application, the unit size of the wave absorber can be determined according to requirements. The indices obtained for the different side length units are shown in the following table:
compared with the existing wave absorber, the surface wave absorbing unit adopting the chaotic pattern structure form has a plurality of absorption peaks, can realize super-strong absorption of more than 90%, has high strongest absorption rate, wide wave absorbing bandwidth and large relative bandwidth, and belongs to an ultra-wide band wave absorber. Namely, the ultra-wideband strong absorption characteristic in a target frequency band can be realized by adjusting and optimizing the whole size through amplification or reduction.
The third preferred embodiment and the present embodiment are different from the first preferred embodiment and the second preferred embodiment in that: the wave absorbing body is set to be a metal bottom plate, a dielectric plate and a plurality of surface wave absorbing units, the dielectric plate is a whole plate, the metal bottom plate is a whole plate and is printed under the dielectric plate, and the surface wave absorbing units are printed on the dielectric plate in a rectangular array.
According to the method, a metal patch with the same contour is prepared as a surface wave-absorbing unit according to an arbitrary plane attractor phase diagram when the equation parameters of the chaotic system are fixed. Compared with the traditional wave-absorbing surface, the surface wave-absorbing unit has the advantages of simple preparation process and low material cost, can save the design and production time, and reduces the processing and manufacturing cost. The surface wave-absorbing unit is printed on the medium layer, and the metal bottom plate is printed under the medium layer, so that the installation process is simple, and the surface wave-absorbing unit also has the advantages of wide absorption frequency band and good absorption effect.
Claims (6)
1. A method for preparing a surface wave-absorbing unit of a metamaterial wave absorber comprises the steps that the metamaterial wave absorber comprises a plurality of wave-absorbing units, each wave-absorbing unit comprises a metal bottom plate unit, a medium unit and a surface wave-absorbing unit, the metal bottom plate unit, the medium unit and the surface wave-absorbing unit are arranged in an aligned mode from bottom to top, the metal bottom plate unit is printed under the medium unit, and the surface wave-absorbing unit is printed on the medium unit; each wave absorbing unit is arranged in a rectangular array; or the metamaterial wave absorber comprises a metal bottom plate, a dielectric plate and a plurality of surface wave-absorbing units, the metal bottom plate is printed under the dielectric plate, and the surface wave-absorbing units are printed on the dielectric plate in a rectangular array; the surface wave absorbing unit is a chaotic surface wave absorbing unit, is a metal unit and has the thickness not less than 0.1 um;
the method is characterized in that: the preparation of the surface wave-absorbing unit comprises the following steps:
step one, selecting a unified chaotic system equation,
in the above formula, x, y and z are system variables respectively representing coordinate values of the chaotic attractor in a three-dimensional rectangular coordinate system; alpha is a system parameter;
fixing the parameter alpha to obtain an XY plane attractor phase diagram;
extracting coordinates of pattern edge part points in the XY plane attractor phase diagram;
step four, drawing chaotic patterns in software;
processing the metal sheet into the shape of the chaotic pattern to obtain the surface wave-absorbing unit; during processing, expanding the units in the built model into an array with M rows and ﹡ N columns according to actual requirements, and making boards and objects;
and step six, testing the reflectivity of the real object by using a vector network analyzer and a pair of horn antennas in a microwave darkroom to verify the wave-absorbing performance.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein: and repeating the first step to the fifth step to manufacture the surface wave-absorbing units with different specifications, and performing simulation analysis on the influence of the surface wave-absorbing units with different specifications on the reflectivity and the absorptivity.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein: the metal bottom plate unit is a square unit, the thickness of the metal bottom plate unit is not less than 0.1um, and the metal bottom plate unit is made of gold, silver or copper.
4. The method of claim 3, wherein: the medium unit is a square unit matched with the metal bottom plate, the material of the medium unit is a glass fiber epoxy resin copper-clad plate with the relative dielectric constant of 4.4 and the loss tangent of 0.02, and the thickness of the medium unit is 1-5 mm.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein: the metal bottom plate is gold bottom plate, silver bottom plate or copper bottom plate, and its shape is square or rectangle, and its thickness is not less than 0.1 um.
6. The method of claim 5, wherein: the dielectric plate adopts a glass fiber epoxy resin copper-clad plate with the relative dielectric constant of 4.4 and the loss tangent of 0.02.
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| CN103913788B (en) * | 2013-11-20 | 2016-08-17 | 电子科技大学 | Middle-infrared band broadband cycle absorbing material |
| CN110850517A (en) * | 2019-11-29 | 2020-02-28 | 安阳师范学院 | Dual-band terahertz wave absorber with graphene super-surface |
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| CN103165986A (en) * | 2013-03-05 | 2013-06-19 | 电子科技大学 | Super-medium wave-absorbing material and preparation method |
| WO2015103199A1 (en) * | 2013-12-31 | 2015-07-09 | University Of Florida Research Foundation, Inc. | 3d microchannel structures for membrane absorption/desorption |
| CN108738290A (en) * | 2018-04-20 | 2018-11-02 | 西北工业大学 | A kind of Meta Materials wave absorbing device and design method |
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