CN112711823A - Method for calculating surface charge of extra-high voltage sleeve supporting insulator and optimization method - Google Patents
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Abstract
The application provides a method for calculating surface charges of an extra-high voltage sleeve supporting insulator and an optimization method, which aim to analyze the surface charge accumulation characteristics of the insulator and the influence of temperature gradient on field intensity distribution and provide reference for the optimization of the insulator structure, and the method comprises the following steps: establishing an extra-high voltage sleeve supporting insulator model; importing the model into COMSOL software; setting a support insulator dielectric region and a gas dielectric region through COMSOL software; presetting the constant temperature of the supporting insulator and the current density of a gas medium as the saturation current density through COMSOL software; setting the voltage of a central conductor and the grounding of a metal shell through COMSOL software; coupling the bulk charge density of the supporting insulator, the charge density of the coupling gas medium and the interface charge density of the coupling supporting insulator and the gas medium interface through COMSOL software; and setting a target moment through COMSOL software, and obtaining a surface charge result of an interface between the support insulator and the gas medium at the target moment, and a field intensity result and a potential result at the target moment.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of design of an insulation structure of power equipment, in particular to a method for calculating surface charges of an extra-high voltage sleeve supporting insulator and an optimization method.
Background
The support insulator in the extra-high voltage sleeve serves as an important part in a power transmission line and plays a role in supporting and fixing a current-carrying conductor and forming good insulation between the current-carrying conductor and the ground.
When the extra-high voltage sleeve is subjected to the action of direct-current voltage for a long time in the operation process, a large amount of charges are accumulated on the interface between the support insulator and gas in the extra-high voltage sleeve in the transient process of transition from an electrostatic field to a constant electric field, and the charges can cause the local electric field change on the surface of the support insulator, further cause the surface flashover of the support insulator and reduce the insulation level of direct-current equipment. Therefore, the research on the surface charge accumulation characteristic of the supporting insulator in the extra-high voltage bushing and the influence of the charge accumulation on the field intensity distribution has important significance on the structural design and optimization of the insulator of the bushing and the improvement of the reliability of the bushing.
However, in the current research, only the influence of the temperature gradient on the field intensity distribution on the surface of the support insulator in the extra-high voltage bushing is considered, and the field intensity distribution on the surface of the support insulator is too unilateral and has a large error, so that the actual field intensity distribution on the surface of the insulator cannot be accurately reflected.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the above problems, embodiments of the present application provide a method for calculating surface charges of an extra-high voltage bushing supporting insulator and an optimization method, and aim to obtain, through simulation calculation, surface charge accumulation characteristics of supporting insulators of extra-high voltage bushings of different types and structures under different operating conditions, and influences of two factors, namely surface charge accumulation and temperature gradient, on field intensity distribution, so as to provide references for structure optimization and engineering application of insulators.
The embodiment of the application provides a method for calculating the surface charge of an extra-high voltage bushing supporting insulator in a first aspect, and the method comprises the following steps:
step 1: establishing a surface charge finite element analysis model of the extra-high voltage sleeve supporting insulator through three-dimensional modeling software according to the structural parameters of the extra-high voltage sleeve supporting insulator;
step 2: importing a surface charge finite element analysis model of the extra-high voltage bushing supporting insulator into COMSOL software;
and step 3: setting a support insulator medium region and a gas medium region through a space charge density submodule in an electrostatic module of the COMSOL software;
and 4, step 4: in the COMSOL software, presetting the constant temperature inside a supporting insulator medium, and presetting the current density of a gas medium as the saturation current density, wherein the gas medium is the gas medium between a metal shell and the supporting insulator;
and 5: setting the voltage of a central conductor through a potential module in an electrostatic module of the COMSOL software, and setting a metal shell to be grounded through a grounding module in the electrostatic module, wherein the field strengths of a supporting insulator dielectric region and a gas dielectric region are zero at the initial moment;
step 6: coupling the bulk charge density in the region of the support insulator dielectric by the electrostatic module of the COMSOL software, coupling the charge density in the region of the gas dielectric by the electrostatic module of the COMSOL software, and coupling the interface charge density of the interface of the support insulator dielectric and the gas dielectric by the electrostatic module of the COMSOL software;
and 7: based on the formula:
and setting a target moment through the COMSOL software, and obtaining a surface charge calculation result of an interface of the supporting insulator medium and the gas medium at the target moment, and a field strength result and a potential result at the target moment under the condition of surface charge accumulation.
Optionally, the method further comprises:
when the free charge density in the support insulator medium is zero, setting a support insulator medium region through a charge conservation module of the COMSOL software;
and when the free charge density in the gas medium is zero, setting a gas medium area through a charge conservation module of the COMSOL software.
Optionally, coupling the bulk charge density in the dielectric region of the support insulator by the electrostatic module of the COMSOL software includes:
establishing a volume charge density equation in the dielectric region of the supporting insulator through a domain ordinary differential equation module and a differential algebraic equation module:
the volume conductivity gamma of the supporting insulator medium is solved by coupling a preset temperature field, and the volume conductivity gamma is calculated according to a formula
Obtaining the bulk charge density rho in the dielectric region of the supporting insulator, wherein the bulk charge density in the dielectric region of the supporting insulator at the initial moment and the change of the bulk charge density with time are zero;
coupling the bulk charge density ρ into a support insulator dielectric region.
Optionally, coupling the charge density in the gaseous medium region by the electrostatic module of the COMSOL software comprises:
establishing, by the dilute mass transfer module, an equation of charge density in the region of the gaseous medium:
according to the formula
setting the charge density of all boundaries of the gas medium region to be zero by the open boundary submodule of the dilute substance transfer module, and setting the positive charge density rho to be zero by the space charge density submodule of the electrostatic module+And negative charge density ρ-Coupled into the region of gaseous medium.
Optionally, the coupling, by the electrostatic module of the COMSOL software, the interface charge density of the interface between the support insulator and the gas medium includes:
establishing an interface charge density equation of the interface of the supporting insulator and the gas medium through a boundary ordinary differential equation module and a differential algebraic equation module:
according to the formula
Obtaining the interface charge density sigma of the interface of the supporting insulator and the gas medium;
and setting an interface between the supporting insulator and the gas medium through a surface charge density submodule of the electrostatic module, and coupling the interface charge density sigma to the interface between the supporting insulator and the gas medium, wherein the charge densities at all positions of the interface at the initial moment and the change of the charge densities with time are zero.
The second aspect of the embodiment of the application provides an optimization method for an extra-high voltage bushing supporting insulator, and the method comprises the following steps:
according to the method of the first aspect of the application, the obtained calculation result of the surface charge of the interface of the supporting insulator medium and the gas medium, the field intensity result and the potential result under the condition of surface charge accumulation are solved, and the structure of the supporting insulator is optimized.
The embodiment of the application provides a method for calculating surface charges of an extra-high voltage sleeve supporting insulator, which comprises the following steps: establishing a surface charge finite element analysis model of the extra-high voltage sleeve supporting insulator; importing the model into COMSOL software; the method comprises the steps of completing the setting of a dielectric region of a supporting insulator and a dielectric region of gas in COMSOL software, setting the voltage of a central conductor and setting a metal shell to be grounded; the body charge density in the coupling support insulator medium region is solved by coupling a preset temperature field, the charge density in the coupling gas medium region and the interface charge density of the interface of the coupling support insulator and the gas medium; and setting target time through COMSOL software, and obtaining a surface charge calculation result of an interface of the support insulator medium and the gas medium at the target time, and a field strength result and a potential result at the target time under the condition of surface charge accumulation. According to the method, a finite element analysis model of the surface charge of the extra-high voltage sleeve supporting insulator is established, various parameters are set, the body charge density of the supporting insulator obtained by coupling a coupling temperature field, the charge density of a coupling gas medium and the interface charge density of the coupling supporting insulator and the gas medium are coupled, a moment is selected, the surface charge calculation result accumulated on the surface of the supporting insulator at the moment can be obtained, and the field intensity distribution result and the potential distribution result of the surface of the supporting insulator under the combined action of the surface charge accumulation and the temperature field are obtained.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments of the present application will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without inventive exercise.
Fig. 1 is a flowchart illustrating a method for calculating a surface charge of an extra-high voltage bushing supporting insulator according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a surface charge finite element analysis model of an extra-high voltage bushing supporting insulator according to an embodiment of the application.
Description of reference numerals:
1-supporting insulator, 2-central conductor, 3-metal shell.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present application. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.
Before explaining the method for calculating the surface charge of the extra-high voltage bushing supporting insulator provided by the application, the following first briefly explains the research on the surface field intensity distribution of the supporting insulator in the related technical field. In the current research on the surface field intensity distribution of the supporting insulator, only the influence of the temperature gradient on the surface field intensity distribution of the supporting insulator is considered, the analysis mode is too unilateral, and finally the accuracy of the reflected surface field intensity distribution of the supporting insulator is low, and a large error exists.
Therefore, the method and the device solve the problems that in the current research on the surface field intensity distribution of the supporting insulator, only the influence of the temperature gradient on the surface field intensity distribution of the supporting insulator is considered, the analysis mode is too single-sided, the accuracy of the surface field intensity distribution of the supporting insulator reflected finally is low, and a large error exists. The method can be obtained through simulation, couples the bulk charge density in a supporting insulator medium region obtained through a coupling temperature field, couples the charge density in a gas medium region, couples the interface charge density of an interface of a supporting insulator medium and the gas medium, and the surface charge accumulation result of the supporting insulator, and has important significance for the structural design and optimization of the supporting insulator and the improvement of the reliability of the sleeve under the joint influence of the surface charge accumulation and the temperature field and the field strength result and the potential result of the surface of the supporting insulator.
Fig. 1 is a flowchart illustrating a method for calculating a surface charge of an extra-high voltage bushing supporting insulator according to an embodiment of the present application. Referring to fig. 1, the method for calculating the surface charge of the extra-high voltage bushing supporting insulator provided by the application comprises the following steps:
step S11: and establishing a surface charge finite element analysis model of the extra-high voltage sleeve supporting insulator through three-dimensional modeling software according to the structural parameters of the extra-high voltage sleeve supporting insulator.
In this embodiment, fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a surface charge finite element analysis model of an extra-high voltage bushing supporting insulator according to an embodiment of the present application. And according to the structural size parameters of the metal shell, the support insulator and the central conductor, establishing a geometric model of the extra-high voltage sleeve support insulator through three-dimensional modeling CAD software, wherein the geometric model is a surface charge finite element analysis model of the extra-high voltage sleeve support insulator.
Step S12: and importing the surface charge finite element analysis model of the extra-high voltage bushing supporting insulator into COMSOL software.
In this embodiment, after the surface charge finite element analysis model of the ultra-high voltage bushing supporting insulator is established by the three-dimensional CAD software in step S11, the model is introduced into the physical field simulation software COMSOL for physical field simulation.
Step S13: and setting a support insulator medium region and a gas medium region through a space charge density submodule in the static module of the COMSOL software.
In this embodiment, the dielectric area range of the support insulator is determined, while the gas dielectric area range is determined. Setting a dielectric region of the supporting insulator through a space charge density submodule in an electrostatic module of COMSOL software, wherein the dielectric region is a region where a solid dielectric of the supporting insulator is located; at the same time, a region of the gas medium is provided, which is the region of the metal housing, in which the gas medium is located between the support insulator and the central conductor.
In this application, the method for calculating the surface charge of the extra-high voltage bushing supporting insulator further includes step S141:
step S131: when the free charge density in the support insulator medium is zero, setting a support insulator medium region through a charge conservation module of the COMSOL software; and when the free charge density in the gas medium is zero, setting a gas medium area through a charge conservation module of the COMSOL software.
In this embodiment, when the internal free charge density of the dielectric of the supporting insulator is zero, the dielectric region of the supporting insulator is not set by the space charge density submodule in the electrostatic module of the COMSOL software, but is set by the charge conservation module of the COMSOL software, and the dielectric region is the region where the solid dielectric of the supporting insulator is located. When the free charge density in the gas medium is zero, the region of the gas medium is not arranged by a space charge density submodule in an electrostatic module of the COMSOL software, but is arranged by a charge conservation module of the COMSOL software, and the region is the region where the gas medium between the metal shell, the supporting insulator and the central conductor is positioned.
Step S14: in the COMSOL software, the constant temperature inside a supporting insulator medium is preset, and the current density of a gas medium is preset to be the saturation current density, wherein the gas medium is the gas medium between a metal shell and the supporting insulator.
In this embodiment, after the supporting insulator dielectric region and the gas dielectric region are set in step S13, in the COMSOL software, the internal temperature of the supporting insulator dielectric is preset to be a constant temperature, and the specific set temperature is not limited, and the current density of the gas dielectric preset between the metal shell, the supporting insulator and the central conductor is the saturation current density. In the present application, the gaseous medium is the gaseous medium between the metal housing, the support insulator and the central conductor.
Step S15: and setting the voltage of a central conductor through a potential module in the static module of the COMSOL software, and setting a metal shell to be grounded through a grounding module in the static module, wherein the field strengths of a supporting insulator dielectric region and a gas dielectric region are zero at the initial moment.
In this embodiment, the central conductor is a power transmission line in a power transmission line, the voltage of the central conductor is set through a potential module in an electrostatic module of the COMSOL software, and the specific set voltage value is not limited; the metal shell is grounded through a grounding module in the electrostatic module, and the potential is zero. The central conductor is not transmitted with electricity at the initial moment, and the field intensity of the supporting insulator medium area and the field intensity of the gas medium area are both zero.
Step S16: coupling the bulk charge density in the region of the support insulator dielectric by the electrostatic module of the COMSOL software, coupling the charge density in the region of the gas dielectric by the electrostatic module of the COMSOL software, and coupling the interface charge density of the interface of the support insulator dielectric and the gas dielectric by the electrostatic module of the COMSOL software.
In this application, the electrostatic module of the COMSOL software, which couples the bulk charge density in the dielectric region of the supporting insulator, comprises:
establishing a volume charge density equation in the dielectric region of the supporting insulator through a domain ordinary differential equation module and a differential algebraic equation module:
the volume conductivity gamma of the supporting insulator medium is solved by coupling a preset temperature field, and the volume conductivity gamma is calculated according to a formula
Obtaining a bulk charge density rho in the dielectric region of the support insulator, wherein initiallyThe density of the bulk charge in the dielectric region of the support insulator and the change of the density with time are zero;
coupling the bulk charge density ρ into a support insulator dielectric region.
In this embodiment, for the bulk charge density in the dielectric region of the supporting insulator, a bulk charge density equation in the dielectric region of the supporting insulator is established through a domain ordinary differential equation and a differential algebraic equation module:
wherein rho is the bulk charge density in the dielectric region of the support insulator; t is time; gamma is the support insulator conductivity; epsilon1Is the relative dielectric constant of the support insulator; e1The internal electric field strength of the insulator.
The method comprises the steps of obtaining the conductivity gamma in the formula 1 by coupling a pre-established temperature field, enabling the conductivity to change along with the change of the temperature, substituting the obtained conductivity gamma into the formula 1, solving to obtain the bulk charge density rho in the dielectric region of the supporting insulator, and coupling the bulk charge density rho obtained through solving to the dielectric region of the supporting insulator divided in the step S14.
The volume charge density in the dielectric region of the support insulator at the initial moment is set to be zero in advance, and the change of the volume charge density with time is also zero.
In this application, the electrostatic module of the COMSOL software for coupling the charge density in the gas medium region comprises:
establishing, by the dilute mass transfer module, an equation of charge density in the region of the gaseous medium:
according to the formula
setting the charge density of all boundaries of the gas medium region to be zero by the open boundary submodule of the dilute substance transfer module, and setting the positive charge density rho to be zero by the space charge density submodule of the electrostatic module+And negative charge density ρ-Coupled into the region of gaseous medium.
In this embodiment, for charge density in the gaseous medium region, an equation for charge density in the gaseous medium region is established by the dilute species transfer module:
where ρ is±Means that all values in the formula are taken as rho+Or all taken rho-And ρ is+Is the positive charge density of the gaseous medium, p-Is the gas medium negative charge density; mu.s±Refers to the equation of ρ±Taking rho in total+When, mu±All get mu+，ρ±Taking rho in total-When, mu±All get mu-And μ+Is the positive charge mobility of the gaseous medium, mu-Is the mobility of negative charges in the gaseous medium; +/-refers to ρ in the formula±Taking rho in total±Then, all plus or minus are plus or minus, rho±Taking rho in total-Then all the materials are taken-; e is elementary charge; d is a gas medium ion diffusion coefficient and represents the physical quantity of the positive and negative ion diffusion degree; n is the generation number of ion pairs in the gas medium and represents the number of ion pairs generated in a certain time; k is a gas ion recombination coefficient and represents the number of positive and negative ions recombined per second in unit volume; e2Is the internal electric field strength of the gaseous medium.
The positive charge density ρ in the region of the gas medium is obtained by equation 2+And negative charge density ρ-Obtaining positive charge density rho in the gas medium area through a space charge density submodule of the electrostatic module+And negative charge density ρ-Coupled to the gaseous medium region divided in step S14. At the same time, the charge density of the boundary of the gaseous medium region with all other species is set to zero by the open boundary submodule of the dilute species transfer module. The charge density at all positions of the gaseous medium region at the initial time is set to be the gas equilibrium state concentration in advance, and the change of the gas equilibrium state concentration with time is zero.
Wherein, formula 2 represents two formulas, which are respectively: when p in equation 2±And mu±Taking rho in total+And mu+Or rho-And mu-Two equations in time.
In this application, the electrostatic module of the COMSOL software is used for coupling the interface charge density of the interface between the support insulator and the gas medium, and comprises:
establishing an interface charge density equation of the interface of the supporting insulator and the gas medium through a boundary ordinary differential equation module and a differential algebraic equation module:
according to the formula
Obtaining the interface charge density sigma of the interface of the supporting insulator and the gas medium;
and setting an interface between the supporting insulator and the gas medium through a surface charge density submodule of the electrostatic module, and coupling the interface charge density sigma to the interface between the supporting insulator and the gas medium, wherein the charge densities at all positions of the interface at the initial moment and the change of the charge densities with time are zero.
In this embodiment, for the interface charge density of the interface between the supporting insulator and the gas medium, an interface charge density equation of the interface between the supporting insulator and the gas medium is established through a boundary ordinary differential equation and a differential algebraic equation module:
wherein σ is the interface charge density of the interface between the support insulator and the gas medium; j. the design is a square1nThe normal component of the current density at the solid side of the supporting insulator; j. the design is a square2nIs the gas side current density method phase component of the gas medium; j. the design is a squareτIs the tangential line current density; τ is the tangential direction vector.
And (3) obtaining the interface charge density sigma of the interface of the supporting insulator and the gas medium through a formula 3, setting the interface of the supporting insulator and the gas medium through a surface charge density submodule of the electrostatic module, and coupling the obtained interface charge density sigma of the interface of the supporting insulator and the gas medium to the set interface of the supporting insulator and the gas medium.
Wherein, the charge density at all positions of the interface of the supporting insulator and the gas medium at the initial moment is preset to be zero, and the change of the charge density along with the time is set to be zero.
Step S17: based on the formula:
wherein,
is also called potential for supporting the internal point position of the insulator; epsilon2Is the relative dielectric constant of the gaseous medium; n is the normal direction vector.
And setting a target moment through the COMSOL software, and obtaining a surface charge calculation result of an interface of the supporting insulator medium and the gas medium at the target moment, and a field strength result and a potential result at the target moment under the condition of surface charge accumulation.
In this embodiment, after completing steps S11 to S16, executing and waiting for completing the simulation task, selecting a target time by COMSOL software, and obtaining the calculation result of the surface charge of the interface between the support insulator medium and the gas medium at the target time, thereby obtaining the distribution of the surface charge on the surface of the support insulator medium. And simultaneously, under the influence of the charge accumulation distribution on the surface of the support insulator medium, the field intensity distribution result and the potential distribution result near the surface of the support insulator medium at the target moment can be obtained, so that the influence of the charge accumulation distribution on the surface of the support insulator medium on the field intensity distribution and the potential near the surface of the support insulator can be obtained.
Based on the same inventive concept, another embodiment of the present application provides an optimization method for an extra-high voltage bushing supporting insulator, the method comprising: according to the method of the first aspect of the application, the obtained calculation result of the surface charge of the interface of the supporting insulator medium and the gas medium, the field intensity result and the potential result under the condition of surface charge accumulation are solved, and the structure of the supporting insulator is optimized.
In this embodiment, the structure of the support insulator is optimized according to the charge accumulation distribution on the surface of the support insulator medium obtained by the solution, and the influence of the charge accumulation distribution on the surface of the support insulator medium on the field intensity distribution and the potential condition near the surface of the lower support insulator, that is, according to the influence of the temperature field and the charge accumulation distribution on the surface of the support insulator on the field intensity distribution and the potential condition near the surface of the lower support insulator.
The embodiment of the application provides a method for calculating the surface charge of an extra-high voltage bushing supporting insulator, which can obtain the calculation result of the surface charge accumulated on the surface of the supporting insulator at each target moment, and the field intensity distribution result and the potential distribution result of the surface of the supporting insulator under the combined action of the surface charge accumulation and a temperature field, thereby obtaining the charge accumulation distribution condition on the surface of the supporting insulator, and simultaneously obtaining the field intensity distribution and the potential distribution result near the surface of the supporting insulator under the influence of the charge accumulation distribution on the surface of the medium of the supporting insulator, thereby obtaining the influence of the charge accumulation distribution on the surface of the supporting insulator on the field intensity distribution and the potential near the surface of the supporting insulator. The above results have important significance for the structural design and optimization of the supporting insulator and the improvement of the reliability of the sleeve, the structural part which is easy to generate flashover on the surface of the supporting insulator can be judged according to the analysis result, and the optimal design of the structural part is strengthened in the structural design and optimization process.
The embodiments in the present specification are described in a progressive manner, each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other.
While preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described, additional variations and modifications of these embodiments may occur to those skilled in the art once they learn of the basic inventive concepts. Therefore, it is intended that the appended claims be interpreted as including preferred embodiments and all such alterations and modifications as fall within the scope of the embodiments of the invention.
Finally, it should also be noted that, herein, relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or terminal that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or terminal. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other like elements in a process, method, article, or terminal that comprises the element.
The method for calculating the surface charge of the extra-high voltage bushing supporting insulator and the optimization method provided by the invention are introduced in detail, a specific example is applied in the method for explaining the principle and the implementation mode of the invention, and the description of the embodiment is only used for helping to understand the method and the core idea of the invention; meanwhile, for a person skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present invention, there may be variations in the specific embodiments and the application scope, and in summary, the content of the present specification should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A method for calculating surface charges of an extra-high voltage bushing supporting insulator is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1: establishing a surface charge finite element analysis model of the extra-high voltage sleeve supporting insulator through three-dimensional modeling software according to the structural parameters of the extra-high voltage sleeve supporting insulator;
step 2: importing a surface charge finite element analysis model of the extra-high voltage bushing supporting insulator into COMSOL software;
and step 3: setting a support insulator medium region and a gas medium region through a space charge density submodule in an electrostatic module of the COMSOL software;
and 4, step 4: in the COMSOL software, presetting the constant temperature inside a supporting insulator medium, and presetting the current density of a gas medium as the saturation current density, wherein the gas medium is the gas medium between a metal shell and the supporting insulator;
and 5: setting the voltage of a central conductor through a potential module in an electrostatic module of the COMSOL software, and setting a metal shell to be grounded through a grounding module in the electrostatic module, wherein the field strengths of a supporting insulator dielectric region and a gas dielectric region are zero at the initial moment;
step 6: coupling the bulk charge density in the region of the support insulator dielectric by the electrostatic module of the COMSOL software, coupling the charge density in the region of the gas dielectric by the electrostatic module of the COMSOL software, and coupling the interface charge density of the interface of the support insulator dielectric and the gas dielectric by the electrostatic module of the COMSOL software;
and 7: based on the formula:
and setting a target moment through the COMSOL software, and obtaining a surface charge calculation result of an interface of the supporting insulator medium and the gas medium at the target moment, and a field strength result and a potential result at the target moment under the condition of surface charge accumulation.
2. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
when the free charge density in the support insulator medium is zero, setting a support insulator medium region through a charge conservation module of the COMSOL software;
and when the free charge density in the gas medium is zero, setting a gas medium area through a charge conservation module of the COMSOL software.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein coupling the bulk charge density in the region of the support insulator dielectric by the electrostatic module of the COMSOL software comprises:
establishing a volume charge density equation in the dielectric region of the supporting insulator through a domain ordinary differential equation module and a differential algebraic equation module:
the volume conductivity gamma of the supporting insulator medium is solved by coupling a preset temperature field, and the volume conductivity gamma is calculated according to a formula
Obtaining the bulk charge density rho in the dielectric region of the supporting insulator, wherein the bulk charge density in the dielectric region of the supporting insulator at the initial moment and the change of the bulk charge density with time are zero;
coupling the bulk charge density ρ into a support insulator dielectric region.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein coupling the charge density in the gaseous medium region via the electrostatic module of the COMSOL software comprises:
establishing, by the dilute mass transfer module, an equation of charge density in the region of the gaseous medium:
according to the formula
setting the charge density of all boundaries of the gas medium region to be zero by the open boundary submodule of the dilute substance transfer module, and setting the positive charge density rho to be zero by the space charge density submodule of the electrostatic module+And negative charge density ρ-Coupled into the region of gaseous medium.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein coupling an interface charge density of a support insulator to a gaseous medium interface via an electrostatic module of the COMSOL software comprises:
establishing an interface charge density equation of the interface of the supporting insulator and the gas medium through a boundary ordinary differential equation module and a differential algebraic equation module:
according to the formula
Obtaining the interface charge density sigma of the interface of the supporting insulator and the gas medium;
and setting an interface between the supporting insulator and the gas medium through a surface charge density submodule of the electrostatic module, and coupling the interface charge density sigma to the interface between the supporting insulator and the gas medium, wherein the charge densities at all positions of the interface at the initial moment and the change of the charge densities with time are zero.
6. An optimization method of an extra-high voltage sleeve supporting insulator is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the calculation result of the surface charge of the interface between the medium of the supporting insulator and the gas medium, and the field strength result and the potential result under the condition of surface charge accumulation are solved, and the structure of the supporting insulator is optimized.
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