CN112710249A - Method for testing deformation strain rate of back surface of target plate under ballistic impact condition - Google Patents
Method for testing deformation strain rate of back surface of target plate under ballistic impact condition Download PDFInfo
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- CN112710249A CN112710249A CN202110032504.1A CN202110032504A CN112710249A CN 112710249 A CN112710249 A CN 112710249A CN 202110032504 A CN202110032504 A CN 202110032504A CN 112710249 A CN112710249 A CN 112710249A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B11/16—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring the deformation in a solid, e.g. optical strain gauge
- G01B11/161—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring the deformation in a solid, e.g. optical strain gauge by interferometric means
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
- F42B35/00—Testing or checking of ammunition
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- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Investigating Strength Of Materials By Application Of Mechanical Stress (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for testing deformation strain rate of the back surface of a target plate under ballistic impact conditions, and belongs to the field of terminal ballistic tests. According to the target plate deformation strain rate measuring device, the probe fixing plate is arranged at a proper position behind the target plate, at least two optical fiber probes are fixed on the probe fixing plate, one optical fiber probe is flush with a trajectory line, and the other optical fiber probes are located in a deformation area of the backboard, so that the target plate backboard deformation strain rate can be obtained, the deformation speed, acceleration, deformation displacement, strain history and the like of the backboard can be effectively measured, and effective data can be provided for bullet target action condition analysis. In addition, the method of the invention also has the advantages of convenient operation, clear image, accurate test data and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of terminal ballistic tests, and relates to a method for testing deformation strain rate of the back surface of a target plate under ballistic impact conditions.
Background
In the field of terminal ballistic trajectories, during the process of penetrating a projectile into a target plate with limited thickness, the back surface of the target plate generally generates obvious deformation, and the deformation rates, namely strain rates, at different penetration moments are different. Research shows that the mechanical properties of most materials have strain rate effect, namely, have rate dependence. The strain rate of the target plate in the dynamic deformation process under the impact condition is a key parameter for determining the dynamic mechanical property of the bulletproof material, and is a necessary parameter for carrying out engineering analysis and simulation on the bulletproof property. Therefore, measuring the strain rate during the target action is an important task for the end-point ballistic test.
Currently, the main observation means for target plate deformation are high-speed photography and flash X-ray methods. Both the high-speed imaging method and the flash X-ray method acquire moving images of an object at different discrete times (determined by exposure time) by means of continuous shooting, and acquire a position-time relationship from image information, thereby estimating a deformation speed.
The existing test method has the following defects: the existing testing method obtains discrete time images, real-time strain rate change is difficult to obtain, and the amount of obtained data information is limited; in the observation process of the existing imaging device, image blurring is easily caused by object motion during exposure, so that image observation and reading are difficult, and the accuracy of test data is influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a method for testing the deformation strain rate of the back surface of a target plate under the ballistic impact condition, which is based on a laser interference velocity measurement system with any reflecting surface and can provide effective data for analyzing the working conditions such as the deformation speed and the strain rate in the bullet target action process.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: a method for testing deformation strain rate of the back surface of a target plate under ballistic impact conditions comprises the following steps:
1) preparing and assembling a test testing device which comprises a laser probe, a projectile, a target plate and a probe fixing plate of a laser interferometer; the laser probe of the laser interferometer comprises at least two optical fiber probes; determining the deformation height and diameter of the bulge on the back of the target plate according to the projectile and the test speed of the projectile, fixing the probe fixing plate behind the target frame, wherein the distance between the probe fixing plate and the target plate is not less than the deformation height of the bulge on the back of the target plate after the target plate is fixed on the target frame; the probe of the laser interferometer is fixed on the probe fixing plate, one optical fiber probe is aligned with the ballistic line by means of a blank shooting method of a test bomb, and the rest optical fiber probes are positioned in the deformation area of the back plate;
2) fixing the target plate on a target frame, and impacting the target plate by the shot at a preset test speed;
3) respectively measuring test data of corresponding points of the optical fiber probes through the optical fiber probes;
4) processing the obtained test data to respectively obtain a deformation speed-time curve and a deformation displacement-time curve of corresponding points of each optical fiber probe;
5) and further processing the deformation position to obtain a strain rate-time curve of the deformation area of the back plate.
The invention relates to a method for testing deformation strain rate of the back surface of a target plate under ballistic impact conditions, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: the number of the optical fiber probes is three or more, and the distance between each of the rest optical fiber probes and the optical fiber probe aligned with the ballistic line is inconsistent.
The invention relates to a method for testing deformation strain rate of the back surface of a target plate under ballistic impact conditions, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: the distance between the target plate and the probe fixing plate is 5-20 mm more than the deformation height of the bulge on the back surface.
The method has the advantages that the deformation strain rate of the target plate back plate can be obtained by adopting the testing method, and the deformation speed, the acceleration, the deformation displacement, the strain history and the like of the back plate can be effectively measured, so that effective data can be provided for the analysis of the target-shooting action working condition. In addition, the method of the invention also has the advantages of convenient operation, clear image, accurate test data and the like.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic layout of a test apparatus according to an embodiment;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of experimental tests according to an embodiment;
FIG. 3 is a schematic enlarged view of a portion of the deformation of the back surface of the target plate;
FIG. 4 is a graph of deformation speed versus time for two points in the deformation regions a and b of a backplate according to an embodiment;
FIG. 5 is a deformation displacement-time curve of two points of the deformation regions a and b of the backplate according to one embodiment;
FIG. 6 is a graph of strain rate versus time between deformed regions a and b of a backplate according to one embodiment.
1, a fiber probe a; 2. a fiber probe b; 3. 4, pill forming; 4. a target plate; 5-target plate back plate; 6-probe fixing plate.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are some, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
Example 1
The schematic diagram of the experimental test device of the embodiment is shown in fig. 1, and comprises a laser probe of a laser interferometer, a projectile 3, a target plate 4 and a probe fixing plate 6.
The laser probe of the laser interferometer comprises an optical fiber probe a1 and an optical fiber probe b 2.
The projectile 3 is a 7.62mm 53-type piercing bomb.
The target plate 4 is a composite armor plate sample and adopts a composite structure of a laminated mixed material panel and a back plate 5 made of armor steel.
And the probe fixing plate 6 is of a flat plate structure.
It was found through experiments that the projectile 3 was shot against the target plate 4 at a speed of 800m/s, forming a bulge with a height of 40mm on the back side and a diameter in the bulge range of 50 mm. Arranging a probe fixing plate 6 behind the target frame, wherein the probe fixing plate 6 and the target plate 4 are arranged in parallel at the position where the distance between the probe fixing plate 6 and the target plate 4 is 40mm after the target plate 4 is fixed on the target frame; the optical fiber probe a1 and the optical fiber probe b2 are fixedly embedded in the probe fixing plate 6, and the optical fiber probe a1 is positioned above the optical fiber probe b2 at a distance of 20 mm.
Before test, blank shooting of test ammunition is carried out, an impact point detection card is arranged at a fixed position of the target plate 4, the impact point of the target plate 4 is determined through multi-ammunition shooting, and accurate positioning is carried out; the fiber optic probe a1 is then aligned with the ballistic wire by adjusting the probe mounting plate 6.
The target plate 4 is fastened to the target holder and the projectiles 3 impact the target plate 4 at a velocity of 800 m/s.
After the test, the rear surface of the back plate 5 forms a convex deformation area, as shown in fig. 2 and 3, point a is the point of the rear surface of the back plate 5 corresponding to the optical fiber probe a1, i.e. the maximum deformation displacement point; point b is the point of the back surface of the backplane 5 corresponding to the fiber optic probe b 2.
The maximum deformation part a and the part b adjacent to the deformation area are measured by adopting a two-point measurement method, the test data of the maximum deformation part a at the back part are measured by using the optical fiber probe a1, and the test data of the part b in the deformation area range are measured by using the optical fiber probe b 2.
Processing the test data, and recording the speed history of the maximum deformation position of the back plate as
The speed history at a position adjacent to the deformation zone is
。
Separately deriving the velocity history to obtain the change in acceleration, i.e.
The deformation displacements at a and b are obtained by integrating the velocity history at time 0 → t, i.e.
The back deformation area is small, so that a 'and b' are linear; therefore, the strain in the deformation region is observed as
the average strain rate of the deformation of the back plate of the target plate in the time t is
And (3) integrating (2) to (7) to calculate the back deformation acceleration and the strain rate of the projectile penetrating armor process.
Measuring the frequency spectrum data of the two points a and b in the deformation area of the backboard 5 in the test process through the optical fiber probe a1 and the optical fiber probe b2, and processing the data by using AFDISAR data processing software to obtain the deformation speed-time curves of the two points a and b in the deformation area of the backboard 5 as shown in FIG. 4; the measured spectrum data is calculated and processed according to the expressions (3) and (4), and then deformation displacement-time curves of the two points a and b are obtained and are shown in fig. 5.
The maximum deformation displacement at a and b is respectively 7.62mm and 4.01mm calculated by the formulas (3) and (4), and the maximum strain of the deformation area of the backboard is calculated according to the formula (5):
the strain rate-time curve of the deformation zone of the backing plate of the target plate sample obtained by processing the test data according to the formula (6) is shown in FIG. 6.
Example 2
The difference from example 1 is that:
after the target plate 4 was fixed to the target stand, the distance between the probe card fixing plate 6 and the target plate 4 was 60 mm.
Example 3
The difference from example 1 is that:
the laser probe of the laser interferometer comprises three optical fiber probes, namely an optical fiber probe a1, an optical fiber probe b2 and an optical fiber probe c.
The target plate 4 is a polyethylene plate.
It was found through experiments that the projectile 3 hit the target plate 4 at a velocity of 800m/s, resulting in a height of the back bulge of about 5mm and a diameter of the bulge range of about 30 mm. Arranging a probe fixing plate 6 behind the target stand, wherein the probe fixing plate 6 and the target plate 4 are arranged in parallel at a position where the distance between the probe fixing plate 6 and the target plate 4 is 10mm after the target plate 4 is fixed on the target stand; the three optical fiber probes are all embedded and fixed in the probe fixing plate 6, wherein the optical fiber probe a1 is positioned below the optical fiber probe b2, and the distance between the optical fiber probe a1 and the optical fiber probe b2 is 10 mm; the fiber probe c is located to the right of the fiber probe a1, spaced 8mm apart.
Measuring the frequency spectrum data of three points in the deformation area of the back plate 5 in the test process through three optical fiber probes, and processing the data by using AFDISAR data processing software to obtain deformation speed-time curves of the three points a, b and c in the deformation area of the back plate 5; and (4) calculating and processing the measured frequency spectrum data according to the formulas (3) and (4) to obtain a deformation displacement-time curve of the three points a, b and c.
The maximum deformation displacement at a, b and c is respectively 1.02mm, 0.56mm and 0.65mm calculated by the formulas (3) and (4), and the maximum strain of the deformation area of the back plate calculated by the formula (5) is respectively:
and (4) processing the test data according to the formula (6) to respectively obtain the strain rate-time curves of the deformation areas of the back plate of the target plate sample.
Example 4
The difference from example 3 is that:
the laser probe of the laser interferometer comprises five optical fiber probes, namely an optical fiber probe a1, an optical fiber probe b2, an optical fiber probe c, an optical fiber probe d and an optical fiber probe e.
The five optical fiber probes are all embedded and fixed in the probe fixing plate 6, wherein the optical fiber probe a1 is positioned below the optical fiber probe b2, and the distance between the optical fiber probe a1 and the optical fiber probe b2 is 10 mm; the optical fiber probe c is positioned at the right side of the optical fiber probe a1, and the distance between the optical fiber probe c and the optical fiber probe a1 is 8 mm; the optical fiber probe d is positioned above the optical fiber probe a1, and the distance between the two is 6 mm; the fiber probe e is located to the left of the fiber probe a1, spaced 4mm apart.
Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described with reference to the accompanying drawings, it is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and it should be understood by those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made without inventive efforts by those skilled in the art based on the technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. A method for testing deformation strain rate of the back surface of a target plate under ballistic impact conditions comprises the following steps:
1) preparing and assembling a device for testing a test, which comprises a laser probe of a laser interferometer, a projectile (3), a target plate (4) and a probe fixing plate (6); the laser probe of the laser interferometer comprises at least two optical fiber probes; determining the deformation height and the diameter of the bulge on the back surface of the target plate (4) according to the projectile (3) and the test speed thereof, fixing a probe fixing plate (6) at the rear of the target frame, wherein the distance between the probe fixing plate and the target plate (4) is not less than the deformation height of the bulge on the back surface after the target plate is fixed on the target frame; the probe of the laser interferometer is fixed on a probe fixing plate (6), one optical fiber probe is aligned with a ballistic line by means of a blank shooting method of a test bomb, and the rest optical fiber probes are positioned in a bulge deformation area on the back surface of a back plate (5);
2) fixing the target plate (4) on a target frame, and impacting the target plate (4) by the shot (3) at a preset test speed;
3) respectively measuring test data of corresponding points of the optical fiber probes through the optical fiber probes;
4) processing the obtained test data to respectively obtain a deformation speed-time curve and a deformation displacement-time curve of corresponding points of each optical fiber probe;
5) and further processing the deformation position to obtain a strain rate-time curve of the deformation area of the back plate (5).
2. The method of claim 1 for testing the deformation strain rate of the back surface of a target plate under ballistic impact conditions, wherein: the number of the optical fiber probes is three or more, and the distance between each of the rest optical fiber probes and the optical fiber probe aligned with the ballistic line is inconsistent.
3. The method of claim 1 for testing the deformation strain rate of the back surface of a target plate under ballistic impact conditions, wherein: the distance between the target plate (4) and the probe fixing plate (6) is 5-20 mm more than the deformation height of the bulge on the back surface.
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2021
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