CN112709320B - Loading and node connection method for secondary self-reaction structure - Google Patents
Loading and node connection method for secondary self-reaction structure Download PDFInfo
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- CN112709320B CN112709320B CN201911021842.4A CN201911021842A CN112709320B CN 112709320 B CN112709320 B CN 112709320B CN 201911021842 A CN201911021842 A CN 201911021842A CN 112709320 B CN112709320 B CN 112709320B
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/38—Connections for building structures in general
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Abstract
The invention discloses a loading and node connecting method of a secondary self-reaction structure, wherein the secondary self-reaction structure comprises flanges and a web plate, and the method comprises the following steps: adjusting the connection state of flanges and webs at two symmetrical nodes of the secondary self-reaction structure so that the flanges and webs at the two symmetrical nodes of the secondary self-reaction structure can be movably arranged, and applying a first load on the secondary self-reaction structure; adjusting the connection state of the flanges and the webs at the two symmetrical nodes of the secondary self-reaction structure again to ensure that the flanges and the webs at the two symmetrical nodes of the secondary self-reaction structure are adjusted from movable arrangement to fixed arrangement, and applying a second load on the secondary self-reaction structure; and the sum of the first load and the second load is equal to the total load borne by the secondary self-reaction structure. The method of the invention can facilitate the loading of the secondary self-reaction structure and the connection of the two symmetrical nodes, and the construction mode is simple and clear.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of structural engineering, in particular to a loading and node connecting method of a secondary self-reaction structure.
Background
At present, as for the structural stress calculation manner of the structural member, it is common to perform the calculation in such a manner that the states at two symmetrical nodes thereof are generated at one time and the load is applied at one time. However, in this way, the stress generated by the load-bearing effect of the structure, such as the connection shear force, the thrust force, the bending moment, etc., is often large in amplitude and uneven in distribution, in this case, the stress condition of the structural member is easily judged by mistake, and the standardization degree of the support body of the structural member is easily low, which causes low engineering performance and poor economy.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention discloses a loading and node connecting method of a secondary self-reaction structure, which can effectively homogenize the stress of the secondary self-reaction, is simple in construction mode and is beneficial to popularization.
It can be known that the secondary self-reaction structure of the invention refers to: under the action of symmetrical load, the symmetrical cross-section internal forces, such as shearing force (thrust force), of the two sides of the arch structure and the arch truss structure at the same height are generated in pairs, the magnitudes are equal, the directions are opposite, and the resultant force is zero. The pair-wise internal forces tend to be large at the two symmetrical nodal cross-sections and are not necessarily the dominant internal forces for the structure itself. However, the reaction force, i.e., the reaction force of the two symmetrical nodes, particularly the shearing force (thrust force) of the two symmetrical nodes, acts on the independent support body and is hard to be received. The thrust force is perpendicular to the direction of the load, and is expressed independently of the load, and is called a secondary self-reaction force. Thus, this type of structure may be referred to as a secondary self-reaction structure.
The invention provides a loading and node connecting method of a secondary self-reaction structure, wherein the secondary self-reaction structure comprises flanges and a web, and the method comprises the following steps:
adjusting the connection state of flanges and webs at two symmetrical nodes of the secondary self-reaction structure so that the flanges and the webs at the two symmetrical nodes of the secondary self-reaction structure can be movably arranged, and applying a first load on the secondary self-reaction structure;
adjusting the connection state of the flanges and the webs at the two symmetrical nodes of the secondary self-reaction structure again to enable the flanges and the webs at the two symmetrical nodes of the secondary self-reaction structure to be adjusted from movable arrangement to fixed arrangement, and applying a second load on the secondary self-reaction structure;
wherein the sum of the first load and the second load is equal to the total load borne by the secondary self-reaction structure.
As an alternative, in the embodiment of the present invention, the flanges and the webs at the two symmetrical nodes of the secondary self-reaction structure are connected to the seat in a bolt connection or a plug-in connection.
As an optional implementation manner, in the embodiment of the invention, the flanges and the webs at the two symmetrical nodes of the secondary self-reaction structure are connected with the support in a bolt connection manner;
the adjusting of the connection states of the flanges and the webs at the two symmetrical nodes of the secondary self-reaction structure to enable the flanges and the webs at the two symmetrical nodes of the secondary self-reaction structure to be movably arranged and to apply a first load on the secondary self-reaction structure includes:
providing a bolt;
screw holes are formed in the web plate and the flange at the two symmetrical nodes of the secondary self-reaction structure;
the bolt extends into the screw hole and is not screwed tightly temporarily, so that flanges and webs at two symmetrical nodes of the secondary self-reaction structure can be movably arranged;
calculating the first load;
applying the first load on the secondary counterforce structure.
As an alternative implementation manner, in an embodiment of the present invention, the adjusting the connection states of the flanges and the webs at the two symmetrical nodes of the secondary self-reaction structure again so that the flanges and the webs at the two symmetrical nodes of the secondary self-reaction structure are adjusted from the movable setting to the fixed setting, and applying a second load on the secondary self-reaction structure includes:
the screw holes are screwed down by the bolts, so that flanges and webs at two symmetrical nodes of the secondary self-reaction structure are limited in vertical, horizontal displacement and corner directions, and the flanges and webs at the two symmetrical nodes of the secondary self-reaction structure are movably arranged and adjusted to be fixedly arranged;
calculating the second load;
applying the second load on the secondary counterforce structure.
As an optional implementation manner, in an embodiment of the present invention, the screw hole is an elongated hole, and a long axis direction of the screw hole is in a length direction of a cross section at two symmetrical nodes of the secondary self-reaction force structure.
As an optional implementation manner, in the embodiment of the invention, the flanges and the webs at the two symmetrical nodes of the secondary self-reaction structure are connected with the support in a plug-in manner;
the adjusting of the connection states of the flanges and the webs at the two symmetrical nodes of the secondary self-reaction structure to enable the flanges and the webs at the two symmetrical nodes of the secondary self-reaction structure to be movably arranged and to apply a first load on the secondary self-reaction structure includes:
keeping flanges and webs at two symmetrical nodes of the secondary self-reaction structure horizontal;
inserting flanges and webs at two symmetrical nodes of the secondary self-reaction structure into a basic cup mouth, and enabling the flanges and the webs at the two symmetrical nodes of the secondary self-reaction structure to have certain gaps with the inner wall surface of the basic cup mouth so that the flanges and the webs at the two symmetrical nodes of the secondary self-reaction structure can be movably arranged;
calculating the first load;
applying the first load on the secondary counterforce structure.
As an alternative implementation manner, in an embodiment of the present invention, the adjusting the connection states of the flanges and the webs at the two symmetrical nodes of the secondary self-reaction structure again so that the flanges and the webs at the two symmetrical nodes of the secondary self-reaction structure are adjusted from the movable setting to the fixed setting, and applying a second load on the secondary self-reaction structure includes:
filling solidified materials in the gaps between the flanges at the two symmetrical nodes of the secondary self-reaction structure and the inner wall surface of the base cup mouth;
after the solidified material is generated, fixing flanges and webs at two symmetrical nodes of the secondary self-reaction structure to the base cup mouth, so that the flanges and the webs at the two symmetrical nodes of the secondary self-reaction structure can be movably arranged and adjusted to be fixedly arranged;
calculating the second load;
applying the second load on the secondary counterforce structure.
As an optional implementation manner, in the embodiment of the present invention, the first load and the second load are uniform loads, concentrated loads, linear loads, and/or displacement loads.
Compared with the prior art, the embodiment of the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the embodiment provides a loading and node connecting method of a secondary self-reaction structure, which comprises the steps of adjusting the connection states of flanges and webs at two symmetrical nodes of the secondary self-reaction structure to enable the secondary self-reaction structure to have two states of movable setting and movable adjustment to fixed setting, and applying a first load and a second load corresponding to the two states respectively. The method of the invention mainly generates the states of two symmetrical nodes of the secondary self-reaction structure by stages and applies all the loads born by the secondary self-reaction structure correspondingly by stages, thus the stress generated by stages can be utilized to make the secondary self-reaction more uniform, thereby the bearing body of the secondary self-reaction structure has better stress performance, the performance can be fully exerted, the economy is improved, more accurate and real stress analysis data can be obtained, and the misjudgment on the structural feasibility is avoided.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a flowchart of a method for loading and connecting nodes of a secondary self-reaction structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a web and a flange that may slip when they are initially bolted together according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a web and flange of the present invention in a rotated configuration using a bolted connection;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the web and flange being bolted together without slippage according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram illustrating the slippage of the web and flange in a plug-in connection according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a web and flange of the present invention shown in a plug-in connection for rotation;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view showing that no slippage occurs after the web and the flange are solidified by adopting a plug-in connection pouring solidification material;
fig. 8 is a first force diagram of the arch applying a first load as disclosed in the present case;
FIG. 9 is a second force diagram of the present case disclosure with the arch slipping under a first load;
figure 10 is a force diagram of the arch applying a second load as disclosed in the present case;
fig. 11 is a diagram of the superposed force of fig. 8 and 9;
fig. 12 is a diagram of the superposed forces of fig. 10 and 11.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the present invention, the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "rear", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "center", "vertical", "horizontal", "lateral", "longitudinal", and the like indicate an orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. These terms are used primarily to better describe the invention and its embodiments and are not intended to limit the indicated devices, elements or components to a particular orientation or to be constructed and operated in a particular orientation.
Moreover, some of the above terms may be used to indicate other meanings besides the orientation or positional relationship, for example, the term "on" may also be used to indicate some kind of attachment or connection relationship in some cases. The specific meanings of these terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art as appropriate.
Furthermore, the terms "mounted," "disposed," "provided," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly. For example, it may be a fixed connection, a removable connection, or a unitary construction; can be a mechanical connection, or an electrical connection; may be directly connected, or indirectly connected through intervening media, or may be in internal communication between two devices, elements or components. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to specific situations.
Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used primarily to distinguish one device, element, or component from another (the specific nature and configuration may be the same or different), and are not used to indicate or imply the relative importance or number of the indicated devices, elements, or components. "plurality" means two or more unless otherwise specified.
The embodiment of the invention discloses a loading and node connecting method of a secondary self-reaction structure, which is economic, reasonable and reliable in loading mode, simple in connecting method and beneficial to construction, popularization and use.
The following detailed description is made with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Referring to fig. 1, the invention provides a method for loading and connecting nodes of a secondary self-reaction structure, wherein components of the secondary self-reaction structure comprise flanges and webs, and the method comprises the following steps
101. And adjusting the connection state of the flanges and the webs at the two symmetrical nodes of the secondary self-reaction structure so that the flanges and the webs at the two symmetrical nodes of the secondary self-reaction structure can be movably arranged, and applying a first load on the secondary self-reaction structure.
In this embodiment, the secondary self-reaction force and the secondary self-internal force refer to paired self-balancing reaction forces and internal forces that have different directions from the direction of the load, are often perpendicular, and are unrelated to the load. The secondary self-reaction structure can be a member such as an arch or an arch frame with self-reaction at the connection of two symmetrical nodes. Taking an arch as an example, the arch structure is generally divided into three types: no-hinge arch, double-hinge arch and double-hinge arch with pull rod. The arch structure can be considered as a structure under which the columns are installed.
Further, the flanges and the webs at the two symmetrical nodes of the secondary self-reaction structure can be connected in a bolt connection or a plug-in connection mode.
Referring to fig. 2 to 3, in a first alternative embodiment, the connection manner of the flanges and the webs at two symmetrical nodes of the secondary self-reaction structure is a bolt connection, and in the step 101, the following steps may be specifically included:
1011. a bolt is provided.
1012. Screw holes are arranged on the web plate and the flange at the two symmetrical nodes of the secondary self-reaction structure.
The bolt 10a may be an anchor bolt, and the screw hole 10b may be an elongated screw hole, such as an oval hole or a U-shaped hole. Taking the secondary self-reaction structure as an arch as an example, two symmetrical nodes of the secondary self-reaction structure are positions of a horizontal section of the arch springing 10, so that in order to realize that the web and the flange at the two symmetrical nodes can slide along the horizontal direction, the long axis direction of the screw hole is consistent with the horizontal sliding direction of the horizontal section of the arch springing.
1013. And the bolts extend into the screw holes and are not screwed down temporarily, so that flanges and webs at two symmetrical nodes of the secondary self-reaction structure can be movably arranged.
Wherein, the flange and the web can be movably arranged in two modes of relative rotation and sliding along the horizontal direction.
In actual construction, can stretch into the bolt in the screw hole, install in place, but not screw up, under vertical load effect, the hunch foot is only vertical displacement limited, but can produce the slip that is not more than this screw hole major axis size along the horizontal direction, and the both wings of cross-section can produce vertical relative displacement, can rotate in other words in the cross-section. That is, the two symmetrical nodes (e.g., the abutments) are now in a sliding hinged state with a limit stop. That is, at this time, the one of the holders is in a state in which slippage can occur in the horizontal direction.
Further, in the central axis of the horizontal section of the arch springing of the other support and the two wings thereof, the bolt connected with the central axis is screwed, at this time, the vertical direction and the horizontal direction on the central axis are completely limited, and only the two wings of the section can be vertically displaced relatively. That is, at this time, the other holder is in a relatively rotatable state.
For example, as shown in fig. 3, in an enlarged view at a in fig. 3, the nut of the bolt located on the left side is now in an unthreaded state, and the nut of the bolt located on the right side has been tightened at this time.
That is to say, adopt bolted connection's mode, when the construction, only need keep temporarily not screwing up between bolt and the screw to the web and the edge of a wing at two symmetrical nodes can take place horizontal direction's slip and rotation, and the construction method is very simple swift.
1014. The first load is calculated.
1015. The first load is applied on the secondary self-reaction structure.
In this embodiment, the total load borne by the secondary self-reaction structure is q, and the total load mainly includes a constant load and a live load. Specifically, the constant load includes the self-weight of the structure, the floor slab laminated layer, the floor slab surface layer, and the like, and is determined by the engineering structure method. Live loads include loads of personnel, equipment, etc., as determined by engineering functions. That is, the constant load is generated by the project itself and the live load is generated by the user. Of course, under the influence of environmental factors, the secondary self-reaction structure can also be acted by dynamic loads such as wind load, earthquake load and the like. In the structural engineering theory, the specific values of the loads of the types of the secondary self-reaction structure can be obtained by calculation according to a formula specified in an engineering specification.
Thus, the first load may be a uniform load, a concentrated load, a linear load and/or a displacement load, and the first load is a partial load of the total load.
Referring to fig. 5 and fig. 6, in a second alternative embodiment, the connection manner of the flanges and the webs at two symmetrical nodes of the secondary self-reaction force structure is a plug-in connection, and the step 101 specifically includes the following steps:
101a, keeping the flanges and the web at the two symmetrical nodes of the secondary self-reaction structure horizontal.
In this step, still taking the secondary self-reaction structure as an arch as an example, two symmetrical nodes of the secondary self-reaction structure are 20 locations of the arch springing, so that the web and the flange are kept horizontal, that is, the bottom surface of the arch springing is kept horizontal, so as to facilitate subsequent construction.
101b, inserting flanges and webs at two symmetrical nodes of the secondary self-reaction structure into the base cup mouth, and enabling the webs and the flanges at the two symmetrical nodes of the secondary self-reaction structure to have a certain gap with the inner wall surface of the base cup mouth, so that the flanges and the webs at the two symmetrical nodes of the secondary self-reaction structure can be movably arranged.
Specifically, in actual construction, the arch may be a double-hinged arch, and when one of the arch springing legs of the arch is inserted into the base cup opening 20a, a horizontal round bar 20b along the transverse axis of the bottom section of the arch springing leg may be laid, and the bottom and the outer periphery of the arch springing leg are kept at the certain distance from the inner wall surface of the base cup opening, and the solidification material 20c is not poured for fixing. The arch foot is thus only limited in vertical displacement, but can be caused to slide and rotate horizontally within this certain clearance.
Furthermore, the cross section of the sole of the other arch springing of the arch structure is padded with horizontal round bars between the two sides of the two flanges and the base cup opening except along the horizontal axis, and meanwhile, the certain distance is kept between the bottom surface and the periphery of the arch springing and the inner wall surface of the base cup opening, and the arch springing is not poured with solidified materials for fixation. Then, at this time, the arch springing is limited in both vertical and horizontal displacement, and only rotation can be generated.
The purpose of the horizontal round bar is laid up, so that the bottom surface and the periphery of the arch springing can have a certain distance with the inner wall surface of the base cup mouth and rotate, and the horizontal round bar can also play a role in supporting and limiting the arch springing before a solidified material is poured subsequently.
It will be appreciated that in the case of an arch structure, it may be arranged such that one of the legs is able to slide and rotate horizontally, while the other leg is only able to rotate.
101c, calculating the first load.
101d, applying the first load on the secondary self-reaction structure.
102. And adjusting the connection state of the flanges and the webs at the two symmetrical nodes of the secondary self-reaction structure again to ensure that the flanges and the webs at the two symmetrical nodes of the secondary self-reaction structure are adjusted to be fixedly arranged from a movable arrangement, and applying a second load on the secondary self-reaction structure.
Referring to fig. 1 and 4, as mentioned above, in the first alternative embodiment, the two symmetrical nodes of the secondary self-reaction structure are connected by bolts. Then the step 102 specifically includes the following steps:
1021. and the screw holes are screwed down by bolts, so that the flanges and the webs at the two symmetrical nodes of the secondary self-reaction structure are limited in vertical and horizontal displacement and rotation, and the flanges and the webs at the two symmetrical nodes of the secondary self-reaction structure are movably arranged and adjusted to be fixedly arranged.
In this embodiment, at this stage after the first load is applied, the bolts may be tightened (essentially, the bolts are passed through the connecting plate with the screw holes, and the bolts are tightened with the screw holes), so that the web and the flange at the two symmetrical nodes of the secondary self-reaction structure are both limited in vertical and horizontal displacement and rotation, and further, the flanges and the web at the two symmetrical nodes of the secondary self-reaction structure are no longer movable and are changed to a fixed arrangement.
1022. A second load is calculated.
1023. And applying a second load on the secondary self-reaction structure.
In this embodiment, the second load may be a uniform load, a concentrated load, a linear load and/or a displacement load, as the first load. Since the sum of the first load and the second load is equal to the total load, when calculating the second load, the calculation can be performed based on the already calculated first load and the total load.
Referring to fig. 1 and 7 together, as a second alternative embodiment, the two symmetrical nodes of the secondary self-reaction structure are connected by inserting. Then the step 102 specifically includes the following steps:
102a, filling solidified materials at the flanges at the two symmetrical nodes of the secondary self-reaction structure and the gap between the web and the inner wall surface of the base cup mouth.
The purpose of this step is to fix the flange and the web in the base cup mouth. Specifically, in actual construction, taking the arch structure as an example, a solidified material is poured into the gaps between the bottom of the arch structure and the inner wall surface of the foundation cup and the flange and the web.
102b, after the solidified material is generated, the flanges and the webs at the two symmetrical nodes of the secondary self-reaction structure are fixed on the base cup mouth, so that the flanges and the webs at the two symmetrical nodes of the secondary self-reaction structure are movably arranged and adjusted to be fixedly arranged.
That is, after the solidified material is solidified, the vertical displacement, the horizontal displacement and the corner of the two arch legs of the arch structure are limited, so that the arch structure is immovable and fixed.
102c, calculating a second load.
102d, applying a second load on the secondary self-reaction structure.
103. And calculating a first stress of the secondary self-reaction structure based on the applied first load, calculating a second stress of the secondary self-reaction structure based on the applied second load, and superposing the first stress and the second stress to obtain a target acting force.
In this embodiment, the target acting force is a set of different acting forces of different loads to which the secondary self-reaction structure is subjected in two different connection states.
That is to say, by adopting the scheme of the first embodiment of the invention, the total load which needs to be borne by the secondary self-reaction structure originally is applied in different connection states and different stages, so that the overall stress of the secondary self-reaction structure is improved to some extent by utilizing different acting forces borne by the secondary self-reaction structure in two different stages, and the stress of the secondary self-reaction structure is effectively homogenized.
The calculation process of the target acting force using the present embodiment will be described in detail in specific cases.
The following takes the arch structure as an example to describe in detail the stress process of the secondary self-reaction structure in the method of the present invention.
One support of the arch structure is a sliding hinged support with a limit stop device, the other support is a fixed hinged support, and partial uniformly distributed vertical loads q are applied to the arch structure1(i.e., first load) under a first load q1Under the action of the support, the support can generate linear sliding displacement while rotating and displacing. The support does not generate horizontal thrust and bending moment.
The forced deformation of the arch structure of the invention at this stage can be understood as the superposition of two independent forced deformations of the traditional two hinged arches. The first part is that two hinged arches are subjected to a first load q1The second part is forced slip delta of two hinged arches relative to the support by arch feet1The resulting force is deformed (fig. 9). Wherein the forced slip Δ1Is the first load q1Under the action, the arch springing prevented by the rigidity of the pillar slides.
The first part is calculated as follows:
as shown in fig. 8, under the first load q1Under the action of the thrust of the two hinged arches, the support is
Bending moment M of two hinged arch supports (two symmetrical nodes at two ends of the support are A, B respectively)A21aAnd MB21bZero, mid-span (two symmetrical nodes of the support mid-span are C) bending moment
(wherein, MC21aIs free of hinged arch under the first load q1Mid-span bending moment generated by action). With this part of the first load q1Compared with a bending moment graph generated by a non-hinged arch in a solid support state, the bending moment graph is equivalent to a larger support bending moment M under the action of the loadA21aEliminating and increasing mid-span bending moment, thereby causing the homogenization of full load bending moment.
The second part is calculated as follows:
as shown in fig. 9, the two hinged arch supports are displaced relative to each otherΔ11The displacement of the support generates a reverse horizontal thrust HΔ11：
Because of forced slip Δ11Is the load q1Under the action, the arch springing prevented by the rigidity of the pillar slides. Therefore, the forced slip Δ11Corresponding forcing action H ofΔ11At the first load q1Under the action of the thrust H of the support to the arch springing11In the opposite direction of the traction force. Namely:
HΔ11＝H11
then:
that is, at the abutment displacement Δ11Not only the first load q is offset1The horizontal thrust of the support generated under the action also increases the mid-span positive bending moment. First load q compared to a non-hinged arch under full load1And Δ11Simultaneously acts on the two hinged arches, so that the thrust of the support is partially eliminated, the bending moment of the support is reduced, and the span bending moment is more uniform than the full span bending moment of the non-hinged arch as long as the span bending moment is not increased to be larger than the bending moment of the support without the hinged arch.
As shown in FIG. 10, in the second stage of the clamped state, the rest of the load, i.e., the second load q, is applied2The second stage is actually the traditional non-hinged arch with two fixed ends, namely the distribution of bending moment generated by the loadThe same as the conventional stage but unchanged.
By utilizing the superposition principle of the structure theory, the internal force diagrams (figure 8 and figure 9) of the disappearance of the horizontal thrust and the bending moment of the first-stage support and the increase of the midspan bending moment are superposed to obtain a first-stage full diagram (figure 11), and the first-stage full diagram is superposed with the unchanged bending moment diagram (figure 10) of the rest load to obtain a full-load bending moment diagram (figure 12) loaded in stages, and the bending moment is more uniform.
Namely, by adopting the scheme of the invention, the bending moment M of two ends of the support is adjustedAAnd MBIn other words, the bending moment is much smaller than the bending moment M at two ends of the traditional support without the hinged archAa，MBbMidspan bending moment M of the inventioncAlso less than the traditional non-hinged arch mid-span bending moment Mca。
The degree of horizontal thrust reduction and bending moment homogenization by the load applied to different support states in stages depends on q1In proportion to the total load q.
Therefore, by adopting the scheme of the invention, for the arch frame, the rigidity of two symmetrical nodes is formed in different states, and the effect of applying load in different states is compared with the hingeless arch frame with better horizontal thrust and bending moment diagram, so that the horizontal thrust serving as the controllable internal force is greatly reduced or even disappears; the corresponding internal force bending moment is homogenized, and the peak value is sharply reduced. The extent of reduction and homogenization depends on q1In proportion to the total load q.
By adopting the loading of the secondary self-reaction structure and the connection method of the two symmetrical nodes, the horizontal thrust of the component can be weakened by applying the load in different stages, and meanwhile, the purpose of homogenizing the bending moment distribution in the span can be achieved due to applying the load in different stages. Therefore, the controlled shearing force (namely the thrust of the two symmetrical nodes) is reduced or even eliminated, the section of the two symmetrical nodes is reduced compared with the traditional section, the material is saved, the cost of protective measures such as corrosion prevention, fire prevention and the like is reduced, and the manufacturing cost is reduced; the dead weight can be reduced, the shock resistance is improved, the stress deformation performance is comprehensively improved, and the safety is improved; the method provided by the invention can obtain the real and reliable stress data of the member, reduce the misjudgment on the structural feasibility, provide direction for the implementation of the engineering construction scheme and realize the unsatisfiable construction scheme.
In addition, by adopting the method, when the state of the secondary self-reaction structure is adjusted, a bolt connection mode or a plug-in connection mode can be adopted, and the method can be used as an alternative construction scheme.
The loading and node connection method of the secondary self-reaction structure disclosed by the embodiment of the invention is described in detail, a specific example is applied in the description to explain the principle and the implementation mode of the invention, and the description of the embodiment is only used for helping to understand the method and the core idea of the invention; meanwhile, for a person skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present invention, there may be variations in the specific embodiments and the application scope, and in summary, the content of the present specification should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A loading and nodal connection method of a secondary self-reaction structure, wherein the secondary self-reaction structure comprises flanges and a web, the method comprising:
adjusting the connection state of flanges and webs at two symmetrical nodes of the secondary self-reaction structure so that the flanges and the webs at the two symmetrical nodes of the secondary self-reaction structure can be movably arranged, and applying a first load on the secondary self-reaction structure;
adjusting the connection state of the flanges and the webs at the two symmetrical nodes of the secondary self-reaction structure again to enable the flanges and the webs at the two symmetrical nodes of the secondary self-reaction structure to be adjusted from movable arrangement to fixed arrangement, and applying a second load on the secondary self-reaction structure;
the movable arrangement comprises at least one of relative rotation and slippage, and the sum of the first load and the second load is equal to the total load borne by the secondary self-counterforce structure.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the flanges and webs at the two symmetrical nodes of the secondary self-reaction structure are connected by bolting or plugging.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the flanges and webs at two symmetrical nodes of the secondary self-reaction structure are connected by bolts;
the adjusting of the connection states of the flanges and the webs at the two symmetrical nodes of the secondary self-reaction structure to enable the flanges and the webs at the two symmetrical nodes of the secondary self-reaction structure to be movable, and applying a first load on the secondary self-reaction structure includes:
providing a bolt;
screw holes are formed in the web plate and the flange at the two symmetrical nodes of the secondary self-reaction structure;
the bolt extends into the screw hole and is not screwed tightly temporarily, so that flanges and webs at two symmetrical nodes of the secondary self-reaction force structure are movably arranged;
calculating the first load;
applying the first load on the secondary counterforce structure.
4. The method of claim 3, wherein the readjusting the connection states of the flanges and the webs at the two symmetrical nodes of the secondary self-reaction structure to adjust the flanges and the webs at the two symmetrical nodes of the secondary self-reaction structure from the movable setting to the fixed setting, the applying a second load on the secondary self-reaction structure comprises:
the screw holes are screwed down by the bolts, so that flanges and webs at two symmetrical nodes of the secondary self-reaction structure are limited in vertical, horizontal displacement and corner directions, and the flanges and webs at the two symmetrical nodes of the secondary self-reaction structure are movably arranged and adjusted to be fixedly arranged;
calculating the second load;
applying the second load on the secondary counterforce structure.
5. The method of claim 3, wherein the screw holes are elongated holes, and a long axis direction of the screw holes is aligned with a length direction of a cross section at two symmetrical nodes of the secondary self-reaction force structure.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein the flanges and webs at two symmetrical nodes of the secondary self-reaction structure are connected in a plug-in connection;
the adjusting of the connection states of the flanges and the webs at the two symmetrical nodes of the secondary self-reaction structure to enable the flanges and the webs at the two symmetrical nodes of the secondary self-reaction structure to be movably arranged and to apply a first load on the secondary self-reaction structure includes:
keeping the bottom surfaces of the flanges and the webs at the two symmetrical nodes of the secondary self-reaction structure horizontal;
inserting flanges and webs at two symmetrical nodes of the secondary self-reaction structure into a basic cup mouth, and enabling the flanges and the webs at the two symmetrical nodes of the secondary self-reaction structure to have certain gaps with the inner wall surface of the basic cup mouth so that the flanges and the webs at the two symmetrical nodes of the secondary self-reaction structure can be movably arranged;
calculating the first load;
applying the first load on the secondary counterforce structure.
7. The method of claim 6, wherein the readjusting the connection state of the flanges and the webs at the two symmetrical nodes of the secondary self-reaction structure to adjust the flanges and the webs at the two symmetrical nodes of the secondary self-reaction structure from the movable setting to the fixed setting, the applying a second load on the secondary self-reaction structure comprises:
filling solidified materials in the gaps between the flanges at the two symmetrical nodes of the secondary self-reaction structure and the inner wall surface of the base cup mouth;
after the solidified material is generated, fixing flanges and webs at two symmetrical nodes of the secondary self-reaction structure to the base cup mouth, so that the flanges and the webs at the two symmetrical nodes of the secondary self-reaction structure can be movably arranged and adjusted to be fixedly arranged;
calculating the second load;
applying the second load on the secondary counterforce structure.
8. The method according to any one of claims 3 to 7, wherein the first load and the second load are uniform loads, concentrated loads, linear loads and/or displacement loads.
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