CN112703261A - 用于获得具有降低铅含量的黄铜坯锭的方法和由此获得的坯锭 - Google Patents
用于获得具有降低铅含量的黄铜坯锭的方法和由此获得的坯锭 Download PDFInfo
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 40
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- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims abstract 5
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- FERIUCNNQQJTOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butyric acid Chemical compound CCCC(O)=O FERIUCNNQQJTOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethylselenoniopropionate Natural products CCC(O)=O XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
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- SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-methoxy-5-methylphenyl)ethanamine Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(C)C=C1CCN SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
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- 235000019260 propionic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- IUVKMZGDUIUOCP-BTNSXGMBSA-N quinbolone Chemical compound O([C@H]1CC[C@H]2[C@H]3[C@@H]([C@]4(C=CC(=O)C=C4CC3)C)CC[C@@]21C)C1=CCCC1 IUVKMZGDUIUOCP-BTNSXGMBSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
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- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241001275902 Parabramis pekinensis Species 0.000 description 2
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C22B7/00—Working up raw materials other than ores, e.g. scrap, to produce non-ferrous metals and compounds thereof; Methods of a general interest or applied to the winning of more than two metals
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- C22B7/003—Dry processes only remelting, e.g. of chips, borings, turnings; apparatus used therefor
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- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
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Abstract
一种用于获得具有降低铅含量的黄铜坯锭的方法，该方法提供对由常规黄铜制成的成品或半成品产品通过切削处理的机械加工，并获得常规黄铜片；对所述常规黄铜片执行破碎处理以获得常规黄铜碎片；对所述常规黄铜碎片执行除铅处理以获得具有降低铅含量的黄铜碎片；在炉中、熔融包括所述具有降低铅含量的黄铜碎片的炉料；通过直接或反向挤出所熔融产物来获得坯锭。
Description
本发明的主题是一种用于获得黄铜坯锭(brass billet)的方法和由此获得的黄铜坯锭。特别地，本发明的主题是一种具有降低铅含量的黄铜坯锭。
按照惯例，如果铅含量小于0.1重量％，则将该黄铜定义为“无铅”；如果铅含量在0.1重量％至0.2重量％之间，则将该黄铜定义为“低铅含量”。另一方面，通常黄铜一般具有在1.5％至3.5％之间变化的铅含量。
众所周知，黄铜是一种铜(Cu)和锌(Zn)的合金，是制造工业中广泛使用的材料，首先这归因于其优异的可铸造性，这使得黄铜可以通过熔融过程的方式获得半成品铸件，并且归因于黄铜优异的工具机械加工性，这使得其可以通过切削处理的加工方法以合适的方式完成半成品。
黄铜的机械加工性高度依赖于其中的铅(Pb)量。
然而，多年来，需要用无铅合金或非常低铅含量的合金来制造某些产品，例如龙头或与水接触、尤其如果是可以饮用的其他部件。这样做的主要原因是需要防止铅溶解在水中，其后果被认为对健康有害。
因此，许多公司的研究和开发工作旨在限定无铅黄铜，其具有与常规黄铜类似的机械特性和可加工性。
在这个方向上，最有前途的方法之一是用石墨粉代替铅。在这方面，申请人是意大利发明专利申请号为No.10 2013 9021 8136的持有人。
进一步的研究工作集中在如何获得待与石墨粉混合的无铅黄铜碎片。在这种情况下，申请人是国际申请WO-A1-2017/199147的持有人，该申请说明了通过对无铅黄铜产品进行切削处理，由机械加工的无铅黄铜片获得无铅黄铜碎片。
另一方面，本发明涉及一种创新方法，该方法用于获得与通常的黄铜坯锭相比具有降低铅含量的黄铜坯锭，以及由此获得的坯锭。根据本发明，对常规的黄铜片(即，具有正常铅含量)进行化学和机械处理以降低其铅含量。
从下文提供的描述可知，根据本发明的方法的特征和优点将是显而易见的。
根据本发明，一种用于获得具有降低铅含量的黄铜坯锭的方法提供了获得常规黄铜片的步骤。
所述常规黄铜片是通过对常规黄铜制成的半成品或成品执行切屑处理的机械加工的结果。
根据组成成品或半成品的常规黄铜的类型，以及根据其所源自的机械加工的类型，所述片呈现出特有的卷曲形状或更碎的外观。
该方法还提供了在洗涤以去除灰尘和污染物(例如冷却液和/或润滑剂，如果需要的话)之后，对常规黄铜片进行机械破碎处理(fragmentation treatment)，旨在增加片的总表面积与占据的总体积之间的比率。通过破碎处理，获得了常规黄铜碎片(traditionalbrass fragment)。
优选地，所述机械破碎处理包含对常规片的研磨。
随后，对常规片碎片进行化学处理以降低铅含量。
所述化学处理包含通过将常规黄铜碎片浸入浴中来执行除铅，该浴具有水和一种或多种有机酸的溶液。
例如，所述有机酸选自包括丁酸、丙酸、2-丙烯酸、丙烯酸的组。
优选地，搅动所述除铅浴，例如通过超声波或机械方式。
所述除铅处理产生具有降低铅含量的黄铜碎片。
根据该方法的优选实施方式，如果经受除铅浴的黄铜碎片不具有足够低的铅含量，则再次循环地进行破碎处理和除铅处理。
根据该方法的一种变型的实施方式，对常规的、非碎片的黄铜片执行除铅处理，如果经受在先的除铅的片中铅含量不足够低，则执行后续的破碎处理(以及进一步的除铅)。
优选地，在实施进一步破碎处理之前，将碎片进行挤压。有利地，这允许增加除铅处理主要作用的碎片的外表面。
根据该方法的另一变型的实施方式，在实施除铅处理之前，循环地实施若干破碎处理和随后的挤压。
最终获得的具有降低铅含量的黄铜碎片用作炉的炉料，优选与基本上纯的铜和锌(例如铜箔和锌饼)和/或其他黄铜废料一起，以获得具有所需冶金组成的熔融浴。
熔融金属被用于通过直接或反向挤出的方式获得坯锭。
然后根据上述方法获得的坯锭因此用于获得具有所需直径和长度的条(bar)。
然后，使用者通过切削处理对条进行机械加工，因此获得的黄铜片再次进行根据本发明的方法。这样，通过循环地处理，黄铜将逐渐地显露越来越低的铅含量。
创新地，从工业角度来看，根据本发明的方法是极其有利的，因为它允许使用常规的黄铜片，即具有正常铅含量的黄铜片，以获得具有降低铅含量的黄铜坯锭。
此外，有利地，片的使用允许在远程工厂中、通常由条的使用者通过切屑处理进行加工，以便生产半成品或成品，并且片的破碎和除铅浴在主厂(main plant)中。将片从远程工厂运输至主厂。
否则，有利地，用于切削处理的加工步骤通常由条的使用者在第一远程工厂中执行，以便生产半成品或成品，将常规的黄铜片运输至第二远程工厂中，在所述第二远程工厂中进行破碎和除铅处理。最后，将具有降低铅含量的黄铜碎片运输至主厂，在主厂中将其熔融，并且产生新的坯锭。
Claims (7)
1.一种用于获得具有降低铅含量的黄铜坯锭的方法，其包括以下步骤：
-对由常规黄铜构成的成品或半成品通过切削处理执行机械加工，获得常规黄铜片；
-对所述常规黄铜片执行破碎处理以获得常规黄铜碎片；
-对所述常规黄铜碎片执行除铅处理以便获得具有降低铅含量的黄铜碎片，其中所述除铅处理包含例如在水和一种或多种有机酸的溶液中的除铅浴，优选所述有机酸选自包括丁酸、丙酸、2-丙烯酸、丙烯酸的组；
-在炉中，熔融包括所述具有降低铅含量的黄铜碎片的炉料；
-通过直接或反向挤出所熔融产品的方式来获得坯锭；
其中，如果所述具有降低铅含量的黄铜碎片的铅含量不够低，则执行进一步的破碎处理和进一步的除铅处理，并且在所述进一步的破碎处理之前，对待进行破碎处理的所述黄铜碎片进行挤压。
2.一种用于获得具有降低铅含量的黄铜坯锭的方法，其包括以下步骤：
-对由常规黄铜构成的成品或半成品执行机械加工以切削处理，获得常规黄铜片；
-对所述常规黄铜片执行除铅处理以便获得具有降低铅含量的黄铜片，其中所述除铅处理包含例如在水和一种或多种有机酸的溶液中的除铅浴，优选所述有机酸选自包括丁酸、丙酸、2-丙烯酸、丙烯酸的组；
-对所述具有降低铅含量的黄铜片执行破碎处理以便获得具有降低铅含量的黄铜碎片；
-对所述具有降低铅含量的碎片执行进一步的除铅处理，以便获得具有降低铅含量的黄铜碎片；
-在炉中，熔融包括所述具有降低铅含量的黄铜碎片的炉料；
-通过直接或反向挤出所熔融产品的方式来获得坯锭；
其中，如果所述具有降低铅含量的黄铜碎片的铅含量不够低，则执行进一步的破碎处理和进一步的除铅处理，并且在所述进一步的破碎处理之前，对待进行破碎处理的所述黄铜碎片进行挤压。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的方法，其中搅动所述除铅浴，例如通过超声波。
4.根据上述权利要求中的任一项所述的方法，其中所述破碎处理包含研磨。
5.根据上述权利要求中的任一项所述的方法，其中
-在远程工厂中实施通过切削处理的机械加工步骤；
-将所述常规黄铜片运输至主厂；
-在所述主厂中实施所述破碎、除铅、熔融和挤出处理。
6.根据上述权利要求1-4中的任一项所述的方法，其中
-在第一远程工厂中实施通过切削处理的机械加工步骤；
-将所述常规黄铜片运输至第二远程工厂；
-在所述第二远程工厂中实施所述破碎处理和除铅处理；
-将所述降低铅的黄铜碎片运输至主厂；
-在所述主厂中实施所述熔融和挤出。
7.根据上述权利要求中任一项所述的方法获得的具有降低铅含量的黄铜坯锭。
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| IT102018000008041A IT201800008041A1 (it) | 2018-08-10 | 2018-08-10 | Processo per l’ottenimento di una billetta di ottone a ridotto tenore di piombo e billetta così ottenuta |
| IT102018000008041 | 2018-08-10 | ||
| PCT/IB2019/056643 WO2020031060A1 (en) | 2018-08-10 | 2019-08-05 | Method for obtaining a brass billet with reduced lead content and the billet thus obtained |
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| CN112703261A true CN112703261A (zh) | 2021-04-23 |
| CN112703261B CN112703261B (zh) | 2022-08-16 |
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| EP (1) | EP3833792B1 (zh) |
| JP (1) | JP7486200B2 (zh) |
| CN (1) | CN112703261B (zh) |
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Citations (4)
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| FR1051683A (fr) * | 1952-02-19 | 1954-01-18 | Perfectionnements apportés aux procédés d'affinage par voie humide de métaux et d'alliages métalliques non ferreux | |
| US2825644A (en) * | 1954-01-28 | 1958-03-04 | Kemp Paul | Process of removing lead from copper base alloys |
| CN1316549A (zh) * | 2000-03-17 | 2001-10-10 | 鲁瓦里斯有限责任公司 | 由铜合金制成的自来水管件的选择性除铅的工艺及除铅液 |
| CN106947882A (zh) * | 2017-04-02 | 2017-07-14 | 江苏新宏泰摩擦材料有限公司 | 一种新型鳞片状环保黄铜屑及其制备方法 |
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| JP3490457B2 (ja) * | 1995-08-03 | 2004-01-26 | エウロパ メタリ ソチエタ ペル アチオニ | 鉛放出性の低い鉛含有銅合金製配管部材およびその製造法 |
| US6197210B1 (en) * | 1998-08-17 | 2001-03-06 | Gerber Plumbing Fixtures Corp. | Process for treating brass components to substantially eliminate leachabale lead |
| TWI387656B (zh) | 2009-07-06 | 2013-03-01 | Modern Islands Co Ltd | Preparation of Low Lead Brass Alloy and Its |
| CN107849638A (zh) | 2015-11-13 | 2018-03-27 | 日本永翔贸易株式会社 | 含铅铜合金的去铅处理方法及使用此方法的去铅用芯线 |
| ITUA20163561A1 (it) * | 2016-05-18 | 2017-11-18 | Almag Spa | Metodo per la realizzazione di una billetta di ottone senza piombo o a basso contenuto di piombo e billetta così ottenuta |
| CN106350689B (zh) * | 2016-08-31 | 2017-12-08 | 宁波长振铜业有限公司 | 废杂铜直接生产铜合金的方法 |
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Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR1051683A (fr) * | 1952-02-19 | 1954-01-18 | Perfectionnements apportés aux procédés d'affinage par voie humide de métaux et d'alliages métalliques non ferreux | |
| US2825644A (en) * | 1954-01-28 | 1958-03-04 | Kemp Paul | Process of removing lead from copper base alloys |
| CN1316549A (zh) * | 2000-03-17 | 2001-10-10 | 鲁瓦里斯有限责任公司 | 由铜合金制成的自来水管件的选择性除铅的工艺及除铅液 |
| CN106947882A (zh) * | 2017-04-02 | 2017-07-14 | 江苏新宏泰摩擦材料有限公司 | 一种新型鳞片状环保黄铜屑及其制备方法 |
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| CA3108319A1 (en) | 2020-02-13 |
| JP2022502563A (ja) | 2022-01-11 |
| WO2020031060A1 (en) | 2020-02-13 |
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| US20210291268A1 (en) | 2021-09-23 |
| PT3833792T (pt) | 2022-12-13 |
| LT3833792T (lt) | 2022-12-27 |
| DK3833792T3 (da) | 2022-12-12 |
| HRP20221468T1 (hr) | 2023-02-03 |
| MD3833792T2 (ro) | 2023-01-31 |
| TWI780351B (zh) | 2022-10-11 |
| IT201800008041A1 (it) | 2020-02-10 |
| EP3833792A1 (en) | 2021-06-16 |
| TW202017676A (zh) | 2020-05-16 |
| AU2019316802A1 (en) | 2021-02-25 |
| HUE060553T2 (hu) | 2023-03-28 |
| CN112703261B (zh) | 2022-08-16 |
| ES2932869T3 (es) | 2023-01-27 |
| EP3833792B1 (en) | 2022-09-07 |
| PL3833792T3 (pl) | 2023-01-09 |
| RS63799B1 (sr) | 2022-12-30 |
| IL280783A (en) | 2021-04-29 |
| IL280783B1 (en) | 2024-03-01 |
| SI3833792T1 (sl) | 2023-01-31 |
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